JP2000171732A - Color changer, picture display device and manufacture of optical path switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To instantly switch the color information of a light beam emitted from a light source in a color changer. SOLUTION: The extraction of an evanescent wave is executed by making the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 incident by an angle which is equal to or larger than a critical angle and forming a total reflection surface and moving an optical member, so that an optical path is changed. A color filter 39 is provided in the mid-way of the optical path, so that a high speed color changer is realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color changer used for an image display device, an optical switching device, and the like, an image display device, and a method of manufacturing an optical path switch used for the color changer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The prior art will be described with reference to an example of a color wheel used in a color sequential modulation system, which is a means for colorizing an image display device, which is an object of the present invention. An image display device of a color sequential display system arranges color filters divided into three primary colors of red, blue and green light radially on a circular wheel as a means of colorization,
By rotating the color wheel and passing the condensed light through the color filter, red, blue and green color information is added to the light beam, and further image information is added by the spatial light modulator,
Projected as an image. Here, in the spatial light modulator, the red, blue, and green colors are mixed and displayed in the projected image by temporally weighting the red, blue, and green colors based on the color information of the image to be displayed. The resulting image is recognized as a full-color image.

[0003]

In an image display device using this color wheel, it is necessary to form an image suitable for the color of the color filter assigned to the color wheel with a spatial light modulator. However, when such a color wheel is used, the color information of the two colors divided at the joining surface is not transmitted while the light beam passes on the joining surface of the color filters radially divided and arranged on the color wheel. In order to be mixed and added in the later spatial light modulator,
It becomes difficult to add image information. That is, when the number of color divisions of the color wheel increases, the time during which image information can be added to light rays decreases, the temporal light aperture ratio decreases, the light emitted from the light source is not used, and the projected image becomes darker. I had.

Further description will be made with reference to FIG. 50
Numeral 0 is an external view of the color wheel, 510 is a light beam incident on the color wheel and color information is added, 501 is a red filter for adding red information to the light beam 510 incident on the color wheel, and 502 is a light beam 510. A green filter 503 for adding green information, a blue filter 503 for adding blue information to the light beam 510, a ray trajectory center line 512 for scanning the light beam 510 on the color wheel 500, and a color filter 508 for the red filter 501 A red filter angle B occupying 500, a red / green filter boundary 504 that borders the red filter 501 and the green filter 502, and 509 a red / green filter within the light ray 510.
The moving angle A on the boundary required when the green filter boundary 504 moves. The color wheel 500 is rotated in the direction of 511 with the center as a fulcrum, and the light beam 510 scans on the scanning center line 512 of the light beam on the color wheel 500, and the red filter 501, the green filter 502,
Red, green, and blue color information is added to the light beam 510 by the blue filter 503.

Here, the time during which red information can be added to the light beam 510 is the time during which the light beam 510 is irradiated between the red filter angles B508 where the red filters 501 are arranged. However, only the time when all the spots of the light beam 510 are irradiated on the red filter 501 is a state in which valid red color information is added, and on the light beam 510, from the position of the red / green filter boundary 507, the red / green filter information is added. Moving angle on the boundary while moving to the position of the green filter boundary 504: A 50
During the period 9, the red and green color information is mixed on the light beam 510, so that the light beam 510 cannot be practically used. Accordingly, the ratio of the time for adding red information to the effective light ray 510 is (movement angle on boundary: A / red filter angle: B), and the same applies to green / blue filter boundary 505 and blue / red filter boundary 506. However, since this occurs, the temporal aperture ratio is reduced, and the light use efficiency is further reduced.

In the present invention, by using a color changer using an optical path switch capable of instantaneously switching color information of light rays without using a color wheel, the temporal aperture ratio is remarkably improved, and the light use efficiency is further improved. It is an object to provide a greatly improved image display device.

[0007]

In the color changer of the present invention, since it is necessary to switch the optical path in a very short time, the optical path switch by extracting evanescent waves and the color are used as a method capable of switching with minute movement. By combining filters, it instantly changes the color of the light beam.

[0008] For the extraction of evanescent light, the light travels straight through an object having a constant refractive index and crosses a critical angle with respect to an interface having a different refractive index (eg, glass: about 1.5 and air: 1.0). Light incident at an angle is totally reflected at the interface (total reflection surface). On the other hand, at the interface, evanescent light can be extracted by receiving the leaked light (evanescent light) of one wavelength or less of the light that has traveled straight, at the optical member (extraction surface). The distance between the total reflection surface from which evanescent light leaks and the extraction surface is approximately 0.35 μm apart (second
Position), the light is totally reflected. When the position is approximately 0.01 μm or less (first position), about 9 μm is obtained.
It has been confirmed that 8% or more can be transmitted. In this way, the traveling direction of light can be arbitrarily changed only by moving the optical member by about 0.34 μm. By providing a color filter in one traveling direction, the color information of the light beam can be instantaneously switched. It is possible. Therefore, a color changer can be realized by combining the optical path switch for extracting the evanescent light and the color filter. Further, by combining a plurality of color changers and color filters, it becomes possible to instantaneously switch the three primary colors of light, red, blue and green, and to convert these light into a spatial light modulator (mirror). Digital mirror devices,
An image display device can be realized by making the light incident on an actuated mirror display, a spatial light modulator using evanescent light, and the like, which the applicant has filed, add video information to the light, and then project the light with a projection lens.

Next, a detailed description will be given. As the first optical member and the second optical member, diamond, glass, resin, rubber, silicon, or the like, which is a material that transmits light, can be used. In particular, quartz glass, which is a glass material, and polycarbonate, polyimide, acrylic, and the like, which are plastic materials which are resins, have good optical characteristics and are suitable for use as optical members. In the first optical member formed by cutting or molding these materials, a total reflection surface is formed at an angle at which incident light is applied to the total reflection surface at an angle equal to or greater than the critical angle. At this time, it is important to flatten the confronting total reflection surface and the extraction surface so that there is no gap between the dimensional portions. The total reflection surface of the first optical member and the extraction surface of the second optical member are infinitely close to or close to each other when evanescent light is extracted. Therefore, both surfaces are infinitely flat, or the concavo-convex surface of the opposing surface is inverted. It is desirable that the optical member is flattened by a method such as mechanical polishing, molding, chemical polishing, or chemical mechanical polishing, or a method of applying a thin optical member dissolved on the total reflection surface. Also, the second provided at the opposed position
Is exactly the same. Further, as a method of realizing the formation of a state in which the concavities and convexities of the opposing surfaces are inverted, a glass material or an elastic material such as a glass material or an elastic material which transmits light to an already formed total reflection surface or an extraction surface, and a resin are further used. Polycarbonate, super sovereign with excellent optical properties,
Epoxy resin, UV curable resin, etc. are applied in a fluid state, and the total reflection surface and extraction surface are adhered to each other. An optical member is formed in a portion that exists as a space between the optical members, and more stable extraction of evanescent light becomes possible. At this time, by lowering the surrounding air pressure or setting a vacuum before curing, the remaining of bubbles can be avoided, the total reflection surface and the extraction surface can be more closely contacted, and a stable optical path switch can be manufactured.

Further, since the evanescent light extraction requires close contact or contact between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface, light rays incident on the total reflection surface are condensed using a concave mirror or a condenser lens. The area of the total reflection surface and the extraction surface can be reduced, and the extraction area of the evanescent light can be reduced, so that stable evanescent light can be extracted, and the color changer can be downsized and the optical members can be moved. Actuator can be downsized and contributes to energy saving.

Further, the total reflection surface or the extraction surface of the evanescent light, the first optical member or the second optical member itself is made of an elastic material such as silicon, rubber, or resin. By applying a force in the contact direction, the optical member formed of the elastic material is deformed and the total reflection surface and the extraction surface can be brought into close contact, which is effective for extracting evanescent light.

Further, a thin film having a high refractive index (about 1.7 to 2.7) is applied to the total reflection surface or the extraction surface as a multifunctional film, or a high-frequency plasma method or an ionized vapor deposition method is used.
By forming a film having a thickness of 0 Å to 600 Å, the distance between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface is reduced to 0.0 Å.
It has been confirmed that evanescent light can be extracted even when it is opened about 4 μm. Materials having a high refractive index include resin, diamond, diamond-like carbon (DLC), and glass. In addition, diamond and D
When an LC film is used, it has a high thermal conductivity, so it has the effect of radiating the heat generated by the reflection (transmission) loss of the total reflection surface or the extraction surface to the surroundings, as well as conducting the charge generated at the interface. It is also effective for use as a transmission membrane.

In this color changer, in the means (actuator) for moving the first optical member or the second optical member, the total reflection surface and the extraction surface need only be separated by about 0.35 μm. Examples of the means include a method using an electromagnetic force, a method using a piezo actuator, a method using a gear or a cam, a method using ultrasonic vibration, an electrostatic drive, and the like. Piezo actuators are particularly suitable as a power source because they generate a large force and the speed of expansion and contraction is high.In particular, the stacked type has a small amount of displacement but has a large generated force, so it is effective as a means for moving optical members. is there. High-speed color switching of light beams can be realized only by performing a minute operation using such an actuator.

Next, the operation will be described. The light beam emitted from the light source enters the first optical member and travels straight through the optical member. At this time, since the angle of the light beam incident on the first optical member is smaller than the angle at which the light is reflected, there is almost no loss. The straightly traveling light beam is in a case where the total reflection surface provided on the first optical member and the extraction surface provided on the second optical member are in the first position, which is a position where the total reflection surface is close to or less than 0.04 μm. The evanescent light leaked from the total reflection surface is extracted by the extraction surface and proceeds straight to the second optical member. After passing through the optical member, the light beam is added with color information by a color filter provided outside and emitted.

At this time, in order to stably switch the evanescent light, the total reflection surface and the extraction surface are brought close to each other with a movable optical member by using an elastic material so that the total reflection surface and the extraction surface are brought as close as possible or in contact with each other. The elastic film or the optical member is deformed and adhered by applying one or more adjusting mechanisms to the elastic material fixing point to uniformly apply the pressing force in order to apply pressure in the direction and further apply an appropriate pressing force. It is effective for extracting evanescent light.

On the other hand, when the first optical member or the second optical member is moved to the second position, the light rays incident on the total reflection surface are totally reflected by the total reflection surface and emitted out according to the incident angle. Reflected at the corner. At this time, the emitted light does not pass through the color filter, so that no color information is added. Similarly, it is effective to move the optical member to the second position by using an elastic material even when the total reflection surface and the extraction surface are separated from each other so that the evanescent light is not extracted.

As described above, it is necessary to instantaneously transmit the force of the means (actuator) for moving the optical member to the first position or the second position to the optical member without loss. By providing the link mechanism of the moving means, the force of the moving means can be efficiently transmitted to the optical member and the optical member can be moved, so that the color changer can stably switch the color of the light beam.

In the first optical member or the second optical member, a space for accommodating the actuator during cutting or molding of the optical member is provided and installed, and the power generated by the actuator is transmitted without using a link mechanism. By directly transmitting power to the optical member, loss in the link mechanism is eliminated, and color switching by the color changer can be performed in a short time.

When the total reflection surface of the opposing first optical member and the extraction surface of the second optical member are moved closer to or away from each other at a high speed, the resistance of fluid between the optical members is reduced. By providing a flow path that penetrates the outside in an area that does not affect the reflection or transmission of light rays, the fluid between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface is discharged to the surroundings through the flow path or
By being inhaled, switching time in the color changer is shortened, and color switching can be performed in a short time.

In a case where the total reflection surface of the first optical member and the extraction surface of the second optical member are moved closer to or away from each other at a high speed, an area which does not affect the reflection or transmission of light rays may be used. By providing a fluid pocket that does not penetrate the outside, when the total reflection surface and the extraction surface are close,
When the fluid flows into the fluid pocket to which the fluid moves, the time for close contact can be shortened.On the contrary, when the total reflection surface and the extraction surface are separated, the pressure of the fluid moved into the fluid pocket increases due to the pressure rise. Pressure acts in a direction in which the reflecting surface and the extracting surface are separated from each other, which promotes the operation of the actuator. The switching time in the color changer is reduced, and the color can be switched in a short time. Further, by making the shape of the fluid pocket larger than the cross-sectional area of the inner side of the fluid pocket, the time required for changing the color can be reduced because the fluid moves smoothly.

Further, these optical members are moved between the first state and the second state.
In order to switch to the state, it is necessary to physically move the optical member, albeit slightly, and when moving the optical member, the influence of the surrounding fluid cannot be avoided. Therefore, by shielding the optical member with a closed container and reducing the pressure or in a vacuum state, the optical member can be moved at high speed without being affected by peripheral pressure, and high-speed color switching can be realized.

Further, since the optical member is housed in a sealed container, it is not affected by the surrounding humidity, and the sticking phenomenon at the time of close contact between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface due to moisture in the air can be avoided, and the color changer can be stabilized. Operation becomes possible.

Further, it is desirable that the distance between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface in the separated state or the close contact state is uniform in the surface, and the distance between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface is uniform. By finely adjusting the distance by performing fine adjustment using a screw holding mechanism or a displacement reducing mechanism (lever type, gear type, manipulator mechanism) which is a fine adjustment mechanism, the optical path switch used in the color changer can operate stably. Thus, color switching can be performed stably.

Further, in order to move the first optical member or the second optical member to the first position and the second position with high reproducibility, the moving trajectory of the optical member is fixed by a guide rail. The operation of the actuator can be moved to the first position or the second position without wasting the optical member, the light can be stably extracted on the extraction surface, and the color change in the color changer is stabilized. it can.

Further, by making the light beam incident on the optical path switch of the color changer into convergent light, the area of the total reflection surface and the extraction surface for extracting the evanescent wave can be reduced, so that the optical member itself can be miniaturized. In addition, high-speed optical path switching and in-plane variation can be reduced by reducing the area, and stable switching can be realized.

[0026]

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows the structure of a color changer according to the present invention. The color changer reflects the incident light on the total reflection surface (Fig. 1
(A)) and the state in which the evanescent light is extracted on the extraction surface and the light beam is made to travel straight (FIG. 1 (b)). The traveling direction of the light beam is switched, and color information is added to only the straight traveling light beam by a color filter. Thus, a high-speed color change into a light beam can be realized.

Next, the configuration of FIG. 1 will be described. 40
Is a schematic view of a color changer. 1 is a light source that emits a light beam 2 before color information is added by a color changer 40, 25 is a reflector for aligning the light beam emitted by the light source 1 into parallel light, and 2 is a reflector 25 that emits light emitted by the light source 1 Light rays which are combined into parallel light and incident on the first optical member, 3a is the first optical member having a total reflection surface, and 6 is the first optical member
A multifunctional film formed on the total reflection surface side of the optical member 3a for facilitating extraction of evanescent light, and 7 is a first optical member 3a.
Total reflection surface provided on the surface of the multifunctional film 6
Is a total reflection light in which the incident light ray 2 is totally reflected by the total reflection surface 7, 3b is a second optical member for extracting evanescent light having the elastic member 5 and the extraction surface 8, and 5 is a second optical member. An elastic member provided with an extraction surface provided on 3b, 8 is an extraction surface provided on a surface of the elastic member 5 provided in the second optical member 3b opposed to the first optical member 3a, and 24 is an extraction surface. By physically moving the second optical member 3 b by the actuator 15, the fluid 10 flowing into the space generated between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 causes the second optical member 3 b to be moved by the force generated by the actuator 15. A gap 11, which is physically moved to increase the distance between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8, is provided in the first optical member 3a and the second optical member 3b,
A fluid pocket for storing a fluid 24 between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8; 21 is a holder for supporting the first optical member 3a or the second optical member 3b; The color filter 22 is provided at a position facing the extraction surface 8 of the second optical member 3b so that the second optical member 3b separates the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 by the force generated by the actuator 15. A rotation moment 20 generated by acting on the direction, a hinge mechanism 20 for restricting a moving direction of the second optical member 3b by a force of the actuator 15, a driving circuit 19, an electromagnet coil 32,
It is composed of a power transmission member 31, permanent magnets 29 and 30,
An actuator 12 for generating power to be transmitted to the second optical member 3b, a link mechanism 12 provided for transmitting the force generated by the actuator 15 to the second optical member 3b, and a horizontal mechanism 9 generated by the actuator 15 A fulcrum for converting the directional movement into a longitudinal force, 19 is an actuator 1
5, a driving circuit for driving the electromagnetic circuit 5, an electromagnetic coil 32 for generating an electromagnetic force based on an electric signal generated from the power circuit 19, and a electromagnetic circuit 35 for the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 32 and the permanent magnets 29, 30 The laterally generated moments generated by the attraction or repulsion generated during the magnetic field, 29 and 30 are permanent magnets that can provide the generated moment 35 between the electromagnet coils 32, and 31 is the generated magnet 35 via the link mechanism 12. And a power transmission member for transmitting to the holder 21 for holding the second optical member 3b.

Next, the operation will be described. In the actuator 15, a current flows through the electromagnetic coil 32 based on the electric signal generated by the drive circuit 19 to generate an electromagnetic field. An attractive force acts on the electromagnetic field and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 30 to move the electromagnetic coil toward the permanent magnet 30 by the generated moment 35. The force of the generated moment 35 is transmitted to the link mechanism 12 by the power transmission member 31 and the fulcrum 9
The force in the direction in which the second optical member 3b moves downward with the fulcrum as the fulcrum is transmitted to the holder 21 that holds the second optical member 3b, and the second optical member 3b is pivotally supported on the hinge mechanism 20 by this force. The rotational moment 22 is transmitted to the second optical member 3b. At this time, the link mechanism 12 is a lever which is a displacement magnifying mechanism, and the actuator 15
The displacement amount of the generated moment 35 generated in the step (2) is enlarged to become the rotational moment 22, and the second optical member 3b rotates around the hinge mechanism 20 in the direction in which the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 move away from each other to form the gap 10. . At this time, since the fluid 24 confined in the fluid pocket 11 is confined at a higher pressure than the ambient pressure, it acts in a direction in which the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 move away from each other, contributing to a reduction in switching speed. When the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 are at the second position separated from each other, the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 and converted into parallel light by the reflector 25 enters the first optical member 3a and The light reaches the total reflection surface 7 via the functional film 6. here,
Since the extraction surface 8 receiving the evanescent light is not close, the light beam 2 leaking out by one wavelength or less wavelength returns to the total reflection surface 7 and is switched as the total reflection light beam 4 to the upper part. At this time, since no color filter is arranged in the traveling direction of the total reflection light 4, the total reflection light 4
Remain in a state in which no color information is added to.

Next, the first position where the evanescent light is extracted on the extraction surface will be described with reference to FIG.
By switching the electric signal generated in the drive circuit 19 for driving the actuator 15 and inverting the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnet coil 32, the direction of the electromagnetic field generated in the electromagnet coil 32 is inverted. Permanent magnet 30
A repulsive force is generated in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the
And a suction force is generated between them. The electromagnetic coil 32 is moved toward the permanent magnet 29 by the generated moment 35. The force of the generated moment 35 is transmitted to the link mechanism 12 by the power transmission member 31, and the force in the direction in which the second optical member 3b moves upward with the fulcrum 9 as the fulcrum is transmitted. 3b is transmitted to the second optical member 3b as a rotational moment 22 with the hinge mechanism 20 as a fulcrum. At this time, the displacement of the link mechanism 12 is expanded, and the displacement of the generated moment 35 generated by the actuator 15 is expanded to become the rotational moment 22,
In the second optical member 3b, the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 rotate around the hinge mechanism 20 as a fulcrum. At this time, the fluid 23 between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 has a gap 1
0 narrows and flows to the surroundings, or fluid pocket 1
It will flow into 1. When the fluid 23 flows into the fluid pocket 11, the fluid 23 existing in the gap 10 is smoothly discharged, and the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 are in close contact with each other.
Or, it contributes to shortening of the switching speed in the case of extremely close proximity. Further, since the fluid pocket 11 has a large opening area on the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 side and a small cross-sectional area on the opposite side, the inflow of the fluid 23 is possible in a short time, which is effective for high-speed switching.

As described above, the total reflection surface 7 of the first optical member 3a
In a state where the extraction surface 8 provided on the second optical member 3b is in close contact with or in the first position where the extraction surface 8 is infinitely close, the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 and made parallel by the reflector 6
Is incident on the first optical member 3a and reaches the total reflection surface 7 via the multifunctional film 6. Here, since the extraction surface 8 receiving the evanescent light is in close contact or infinitely close, the light beam 2 leaking out by one or less wavelengths is extracted from the extraction surface 8.
The light passes through the second optical member 3b through the elastic member 5 and is emitted from the second optical member. At this time, a color filter 39 for adding color information to the light beam 2 is disposed in the traveling direction of the total reflection light beam 4, and the transmitted light 27 is emitted with the color information added to the light beam 2 and the transmitted light 27 is colored. It becomes a ray.

Here, since the optical member 3 is fixed by the holder 21, the force transmitted by the link mechanism 12 is applied as a rotational moment 22 so that the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 can approach each other as much as possible. The total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 can be brought into close contact with the uniform force transmitted to the second optical member 3b.

Further, the extraction surface 8 is provided on the second optical member 3b.
The actuator 1 has five layers of elastic members on the side.
5, the extraction surface 8 is delicately deformed by the generated moment 35 and the rotation moment 22, and the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8
Are more closely adhered to each other and contribute to the extraction of evanescent light, improving the light transmission efficiency.

As described above, the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 switches the traveling direction of the light beam when the evanescent light is not extracted by the total reflection surface 7 and is totally reflected, and when the light beam 2 is extracted and transmitted by the extraction surface 8. A color changer for switching the color of the light beam is realized by disposing a color filter 39 on one side in the light traveling direction and adding or not adding color information to the light beam 2.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of a color changer according to the present invention. The color changer reflects incident light rays on the total reflection surface (Fig. 2
(A)) and a state in which the light ray is extracted on the extraction surface and the light ray is made to travel straight (FIG. 2B), and the traveling direction of the light ray is switched, and color information is added to only the totally reflected light ray by a color filter. Thus, it is possible to realize high-speed color change of light rays.

Next, the configuration of FIG. 2 will be described. 40
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a color changer. 1 is a light source that emits a light beam 2 before color information is added by a color changer 40, 2 is a light beam that irradiates the light emitted by the light source 1 to a total reflection surface 7 provided in a first optical member 3a, and 3a is A first optical member having a total reflection surface 7, a multifunctional film 6 formed on the total reflection surface 7 side of the first optical member 3a, and a multifunctional film 7 formed on the first optical member 3a. A total reflection surface 4 provided on the extraction surface 8 side of the functional film 6, a total reflection light 4 where the light ray 2 is totally reflected by the total reflection surface 7, a color filter 39 for adding four color information of the total reflection light 3, 3 b Is a second optical member having an elastic member 5 and an extraction surface 8 for extracting evanescent light, and 5 is a second optical member.
An elastic member provided with an extraction surface 8 provided on the extraction surface side of the optical member 3b. The evanescent light 8 provided on the surface of the elastic member 5 in the second optical member 36 which faces the total reflection surface 7 is provided. An extraction surface for extraction, 24 is a total reflection surface 7 and an extraction surface 8
The fluid 38 that has flowed into the gap 10 and the fluid 38 that has flowed into the gap 10 via the flow path 33 physically moves the second optical member 3 b by the force generated by the actuator 15, causing the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface to move. A gap 33 generated when the interval of the gap 8 is widened is provided in the first optical member 3a and the second optical member 3b, and is used for inflow or outflow of the fluid 24 between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8. A flow path that penetrates the surroundings, 21 is the first optical member 3a or the second optical member 3b
Is a color filter provided in the optical path of the total reflection light 4 reflected from the total reflection surface 7 of the first optical member 3a to add color information to the total reflection light 4; Is a drive circuit for sending an electric signal to the actuator 15, and 15 is an actuator that is driven in a contracting or expanding direction based on the electric signal sent from the driving circuit 19, and is formed by a laminated piezo and incorporated in the optical member 3. ing. Reference numeral 17 denotes an actuator extension force F1 generated in the direction in which the actuator 15 extends based on an electric signal from the drive circuit 19; and 34, a guide rail for restricting the moving direction of the holder 21 supporting the optical member 3, and 14 a second rail. An elastic body for applying a constant load to the optical member 3b, 13
Is an extension force given by a spring multiplier in the extension direction of the elastic body 14 and presses the second optical member via the holder 21. Reference numeral 41 denotes a fine adjustment mechanism for finely adjusting the load applied to the second optical member 3b via the holder 21.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2A, the operation of totally reflecting light rays on the total reflection surface when the optical member 3b is at the second position where evanescent light is not extracted will be described.
The actuator 15 generates an extending force based on the electric signal generated by the drive circuit 19, and the actuator expansion force 17 is generated. Since the actuator extension force 17 is greater than the extension force 13 of the elastic body 14, the second optical member 3b movable with the generation of the actuator extension force 17 is held by the holder 21 and moves along the guide rail 34 along the elastic body 13. Side, the interval between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 is widened, and a gap 10 of about 0.5 μm is generated. At this time, the total reflection surface 7
By increasing the distance between the fluid and the extraction surface 8, the fluid flows in from the surroundings, and the fluid 38 flowing in from the surroundings flows into the gap 10 via the flow path 33 penetrating the periphery. By providing the flow path 33, the fluid 38 can flow between the gaps, and the second optical member 3b can move at high speed.

At this time, the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1
And reaches the total reflection surface 7 via the multifunctional film 6. Here, since the extraction surface 8 that receives the evanescent light is not close, the light beam 2 that has leaked by one wavelength or less is returned to the total reflection surface 7 and the traveling direction is switched upward as the total reflection light beam 4. . At this time, since the color filter 39 is disposed in the traveling direction of the total reflection light 4, color information is added to the total reflection light 4.

Next, the first position where the evanescent light is extracted on the extraction surface will be described with reference to FIG.
By transmitting an electric signal generated by the drive circuit 19 of the actuator 15 to the switching actuator 15, the actuator 15 contracts and generates an actuator contraction force 18. At this time, the extension force 13 generated by the elastic body 14 is loaded on the second optical member 3b via the holder 21, and the generated moment 35 acts on the actuator 15 side. The second optical member 3b held by the holder 21 by the generated moment 35 moves the actuator 15 along the guide rail 34.
Move to the side. At this time, since the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 are close to each other, the space of the gap 10 is narrowed and the fluid is discharged to the surroundings, or the fluid is discharged as the fluid 38 flowing out through the flow path 33 to the surroundings. When the gap 10 becomes extremely narrow in this way, the fluid convected between the gaps needs to be immediately discharged to the periphery, and the provision of the flow path 33 makes it possible to efficiently discharge the fluid. The second optical member 3b can be moved at high speed, and the optical path can be switched at high speed.

At this time, in the state where the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 are in close contact with each other or at the first position where they are infinitely close, the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 is incident on the first optical member 3a and is multifunctional. The light reaches the total reflection surface 7 via the film 6. Here, since the extraction surface 8 receiving the evanescent light leaked from the total reflection surface is in close contact or as close as possible, the light beam 2 leaking out by one wavelength or less is extracted by the extraction surface 8. After passing through the elastic member 5, the light goes straight through the second optical member 3b and is emitted from the second optical member. At this time, a color filter 39 for adding color information to the light beam 2 in the traveling direction of the totally reflected light beam 4
Are not arranged, and the light beam 2 is emitted without color information added, and the transmitted light 27 is emitted as an uncolored light beam.

As described above, the second optical member 3b is converted into the second optical member 3b by using the drive circuit 19 and the actuator 15.
By moving b to the first position or the second position, the traveling direction of the light beam 2 is switched, and a color filter is placed in one of the optical paths to realize a color changer that instantaneously changes the color of the light beam. it can.

Here, since the optical member 3 is fixed by the holder 21 and further guided by the guide rail 34, the extraction surface 8 of the second optical member 3b does not incline along the total reflection surface 7. Position, the switching can be stably performed with good reproducibility.

Further, in this color changer 40,
Since a fine adjustment mechanism 41 that can finely adjust the load applied to the second optical member 3b is provided and the load applied to the elastic member 5 and the extraction surface 8 can be adjusted, the evanescent light obtained on the extraction surface 8 becomes stable. . In addition, by performing the adjustment by providing the elastic body 13 and the fine adjustment mechanism 41, the balance between the actuator 15 and the actuator extension force 17 is adjusted, thereby enabling high-speed switching. In addition, by fixing the optical member 3 to the holder 21, the force generated by the actuator 15 or the elastic body 14 can be substantially uniformly applied to the optical member 3, thereby contributing to stable switching operation.

Also, as in the present embodiment, the optical member 3
By embedding the actuator 15 in the inside, the actuator expansion force 17 generated by the actuator can be directly transmitted to the optical member 3 without passing through a power transmission member or a link mechanism.
The power transmission time can be reduced, and the loss due to the distortion of the power transmission portion can be eliminated, and high-speed switching can be performed. Further, by disposing a plurality of actuators 15, the force generated by the actuators can be uniformly distributed to the optical members, which is effective for shortening the switching time. As such an embedded actuator, a piezo actuator is particularly effective.

Further, the extraction surface 8 is provided on the second optical member 3b.
The elastic member 14 is provided on the side thereof, and is transmitted to the second optical member 3b via the holder 21 by the extension force 13 of the elastic body 14, and the extraction surface 8 formed on the elastic member 5 is slightly deformed. However, the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 are more closely attached to each other, which contributes to the extraction of the evanescent light, and improves the light transmission efficiency.

Further, by providing the multifunctional film 6 at the interface between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 with a super sovereign resin having a high refractive index, the total reflection surface 6 and the extraction surface 8 are formed as shown in FIG.
The reflectance on the total reflection surface is low even when the gap 10 of the gap between the two is large. That is, it becomes possible to stably perform transmitted light extraction by extracting evanescent light,
It can be seen that stable optical switching can be realized.

The flow path 33 is provided in the optical member 3a or 3b shown in FIG.
It is possible to make the fluid staying at zero flow efficiently. Explaining in order, when the second optical member 3b is moved by the actuator 15 from the first position shown in FIG. 2B to the second position shown in FIG. 10 is lower than the ambient pressure, the fluid 38 flowing from the surroundings due to the pressure difference
3 and flows into the gap 10. Thereby, the speed at which the optical member 3b moves from the first position to the second position is increased, and the color switching time can be reduced. On the other hand, the optical member 3b shown in FIG. 2A is moved from the second position to the first position shown in FIG.
When the position moves to the position, the pressure of the fluid between the gaps 10 increases, so that the fluid between the gaps flows out through the flow path 33 as the fluid 37 due to the pressure difference. By providing the flow path 33 for moving the fluid in the optical member in this manner, the moving speed of the optical member 3b is increased, and the color switching time can be reduced.

Further, in the state of extracting the evanescent wave shown in FIG.
By applying an appropriate pressure given by the extension force 13 of the elastic body 14 to the optical member 3b by the adjustment mechanism 42 including the elastic body 14 and the fine adjustment mechanism 41 for the purpose of approximating A stable evanescent wave can be extracted, and stable color switching can be performed. Further, by providing a plurality of adjusting mechanisms 42, the gap 10 between the total reflection surface 7 and the extraction surface 8 can be eliminated more uniformly, and more uniform evanescent waves can be extracted. When the optical member 3b moves to the second position shown in FIG. 2A, the extension 13 of the elastic body 14 is smaller than the actuator extension 17 generated by the actuator 15, so that the optical member 3b is Move in the direction of the moment 35 generated by. The movement amount at this time is 0.4μ
It is a trace amount of about m.

Next, a method of manufacturing an optical path switch used for an optical switch of a color changer will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a multifunctional film 6 formed on the optical member 3a. The optical member 3a is fixed to the holder 21 and the flow path 33 penetrating the total reflection surface 7 and the surroundings is drilled therethrough.
Next, the multifunctional film 6 is laminated on the total reflection surface 7 by a high-frequency CVD device. At this time, the thickness of the multifunctional film can be controlled by the film forming rate and the film forming time.

FIG. 6 is a diagram in which the elastic member 5 is applied on the optical member 3b. The optical member 3b is fixed to the holder 21,
The flow path 33 is made to penetrate the optical member 3b from the extraction surface 8 toward the periphery by a drill. Next, an ultraviolet curable epoxy resin as the elastic material 5 is applied on the extraction surface 8 of the optical member 3b.

Next, the transfer of the shape of the optical member will be described with reference to FIG. The elastic member 5 of the optical member 3b is arranged along the same guide rail at a position facing the multifunctional film 6 of the optical member 3a fixed to the guide rail 34 shown in FIG.
The holder 21 to which the optical member 3b is fixed is moved along the guide rail 34 so that the elastic material 5 is in close contact with the multifunctional film 6. At this time, it is more desirable to adjust the thickness of the elastic material 5 to be uniform. In order to prevent air and the like from being mixed between the elastic material 5 and the multifunctional film 6, introduction into a reduced pressure or vacuum environment as compared with the surroundings is also necessary in transferring the surface shape of the total reflection surface 6 to the extraction surface 8. It is valid. Also,
Holder 2 in the direction in which optical members 3a and 3b come into close contact with each other.
Pressing 1 is also effective for transferring the shape. By turning on the light source 1 and irradiating the light beam 2 in this state, the elastic material 5 is cured while transferring the surface shape of the facing multifunctional film 6 by the ultraviolet light included in the light beam 2. When the elastic body 5 is sufficiently hardened, the multifunctional film 6 and the elastic material 5 are separated by applying a force in the opposite direction to the holder 21.
The shape of the facing multifunctional film 6 is transferred to the separated elastic material 5. In order to facilitate this peeling, it is also stable to apply a release material on the multifunctional film 7 in advance, or to perform a chemical treatment on the optical member 3b side to improve the adhesive force with the elastic material 5 in advance. It is effective for manufacturing. Further, in the case of the stable switch of the optical path switch, the combination of the holder, the guide rail, and the optical member is configured to be used for an actual optical path switch, and is effective for transferring the pattern of any of the opposing optical member surfaces.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 3 shows an example in which a color changer is constructed by combining a plurality of optical path switches and used in an image display device.

Hereinafter, the configuration of FIG. 3 will be described. 40
Is a color changer for adding color information to the light beam 2, 26a is an optical path switch for switching the direction of the light beam based on the signal of the drive circuit 19 in the color changer 40, 1 is a light source for projecting an image, and 2 is a light source. A light ray emitted from the light source 1 and condensed by the condenser lens, 52a is a condenser lens for condensing the light ray 2 emitted from the light source 1 to the optical path switch 26a, and 59a is a convergence converged by the condenser lens 52a. Light, 58a is a focal point of the light beam converged by the condenser lens 52a, 53a is a red collimating lens for adding red information to the light beam totally reflected by the optical path switch 26a to make diffused light parallel light, and 60a is an optical path. Diffusion light which evanescent light extracted by the switch 26a diffuses and travels straight, 52b is a condensing lens for converging the rectilinear diffusion light 60a again, 59a
Is a convergent light converged by the condensing lens 52b, 58b is a converging point converged on the total reflection surface of the optical path switch 26b by the converging lens 52b, and 60b is an evanescent light extracted by the optical path switch 26b which diffuses again and goes straight. The diffused light 55 is a blue concave mirror for adding blue information to the diffused light 60b and condensing the light to irradiate the spatial light modulator.
Reference numeral 9c denotes a convergent light which is obtained by adding blue information to the light beam by the blue concave mirror 55 and further condensed. 53c is a collimating lens for converting the convergent light having the blue information into parallel light.
Is a parallel light to which red information is added by the red collimating lens 53a and turned into parallel light, 54a is a mirror that changes the optical path to irradiate the parallel light 62a to the spatial light modulator, and 63a is red reflected by the mirror 54a. Colored parallel light with information, 6
2b is a parallel light with green information added by a green collimating lens 53b to be a parallel light, and 54b is only a light beam with green color information to irradiate a parallel light 62b with green information to a spatial light modulator. , 63b is a colored parallel light having color information reflected or transmitted by the green reflecting mirror 54b, 62c is a parallel light obtained by converting a light beam to which blue information is added by a collimating lens 53c into a parallel light, 54c
Is a blue reflection mirror that reflects only light having blue color information to irradiate the parallel light 62c with blue information to the spatial light modulator, and 63c is colored with color information reflected or transmitted by the mirror 54c. Parallel light, 51 is a spatial light modulator for adding image information to the colored parallel light 63c by a signal from the drive circuit, 19 is a drive circuit for transmitting an image modulation signal to the spatial light modulator 51, 61 is colored An image light beam obtained by spatially modulating the parallel light 63c, 64 is a projection lens for projecting the image light beam 61, 56 is an optical path switch 26a and an optical path switch 26b which are cut off and decompressed from the surrounding environment and depressurized to operate the optical path switch stably or at high speed A decompression container 50 for realizing the switching is an image display device composed of the above-mentioned parts.

The operation will be described below with reference to FIG. The light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 is condensed on the total reflection surface of the optical path switch 26a by the condensing lens 52a and becomes a converging point 58a.
At this time, the optical path switch 26a is in a state in which evanescent light can be extracted by the signal of the drive circuit 19, and the condensed light travels straight again as diffused light 60a. The diffused light 60a is condensed again by the condenser lens 52b, and travels straight as convergent light 59b. Similarly, the light that has been condensed on the total reflection surface of the optical path switch 26b and has the focal point 58b is in a state where the optical path switch 26b can extract the evanescent light by the signal of the drive circuit 19, The light travels straight and becomes the diffused light 60b and is applied to the blue concave mirror 55. Here, the diffused light 60b becomes blue light to which blue information is added, is reflected as a convergent light 59c at the reflection angle of the blue concave mirror 55, is incident on the collimate lens 53c, is converted into parallel light, and becomes parallel light 62c. Blue reflection mirror 54
c. The blue reflection mirror 54c is formed of a glass plate having a dielectric film formed on the surface, and has a characteristic of reflecting light in a blue wavelength region and transmitting light of other wavelengths. The colored parallel light 63c having blue color information reflected by the blue reflecting mirror 54c is irradiated to the spatial light modulator 51, and the colored parallel light 63c is modulated with image data corresponding to the blue light based on a signal of the drive circuit 19. You. This light becomes an image light beam 61 and is projected by the projection lens 64 to display a blue image.

Next, the display of a red image will be described.
The light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 is condensed by the condenser lens 52a and enters the optical path switch 26a. At this time, the optical path switch 26a is driven by the signal of the driving circuit 19 so as not to extract the light leaked from the total reflection surface, and the convergent light 59a is totally reflected by the total reflection surface and is incident on the red collimating lens 53a, so that the red information Is added and the light becomes a parallel light 62a and becomes a mirror 54a.
To the spatial light modulator 51 as a colored parallel light 63a.
Reflected to the side. The reflected colored parallel light 63a travels straight and enters the green reflecting mirror 54b.
b, only the light in the green wavelength region is reflected and the light of other wavelengths is transmitted, so that the incident red colored parallel light 63a goes straight and becomes colored parallel light 63b. Is input to the spatial light modulator 51, and the spatial light modulator 51 adds the image information of the red image generated by the drive circuit 19 to the colored parallel light 63c. Here, the modulated image is converted into a red image light beam, and a red image can be displayed by the projection lens 64.

Similarly, for the green image, the drive circuit 19 is set to the green image display mode, and the optical path switch is set.
26a is a state in which evanescent light is extracted, 26b is a state in which evanescent light is not extracted, and the spatial light modulator 51 generates a drive signal for modulating a green image. The light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 is condensed by the condenser lens 52b via the optical path switch 26a, and the convergent light 59b is condensed at the focal point 58b on the total reflection surface of the optical path switch 26b and totally reflected on the total reflection surface of the optical path switch 26b. Then, while green information is added by the green collimating lens 53b and converted into parallel light, the light becomes green parallel light and is incident on the green reflection mirror 54b. In the green reflection mirror 54b, the parallel light 62c, which is a light ray in the green wavelength band,
Is totally reflected and becomes a colored parallel light 63c and irradiates the spatial light modulator 51, and a green image is added by the spatial modulator 51 to become an image light beam 61 and is projected through the projection lens 64 to display a green image. .

As described above, the light beam is transmitted to the color changer 40.
By switching to the red, green, and blue light beams by using, the high-speed color switching can be realized, and by adding the red, green, and blue image information synchronized with each other by the spatial light modulator 51, each color can be changed. Since an image can be displayed and the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 can be effectively used, an energy-saving image display device 50 can be realized.

The light rays are condensed by the condenser lenses 52a and 52b on the total reflection surfaces of the optical path switches 26a and 26b.
By arranging the optical path switches 8b, the area of the extraction surface for extracting evanescent waves can be reduced, so that the optical path switches 26a and 26b can be downsized, and more stable switching can be performed.

Further, since the color changer 40 is housed in the decompression container 56, it can be shielded from the surrounding environment, water droplets can be prevented from adhering to the optical path switches 26a and 26b due to a change in ambient humidity, and the total reflection surface and the extraction surface can be prevented. Stable color change can be realized by preventing the adsorption of the color. Further, by reducing the pressure, the influence of the surrounding fluid received by the optical path switches 26a and 26b can be reduced, so that the optical path can be switched at a high speed, the loss time required for the color switching time is reduced, and the light beam 2 emitted from the light source 1 is more efficiently used. Use can be realized.

[0060]

As described above, by using the color changer of the present invention, it is possible to instantaneously switch the color information of the light beam, and it is possible to change the color information of the light from the color changer, the light source, the spatial light modulator and the projection lens. When configuring the display device, there is an advantage that the light use efficiency of the light source is improved.

Further, by making the light beam incident on the optical path switch provided in the color changer into convergent light, the optical path switch can be miniaturized, and stable extraction of evanescent light and high-speed switching become possible.

In this color changer,
Either the first optical member or the second optical member is formed of an elastic material. Alternatively, by providing an elastic film on the side facing the first optical member or the second optical member, when moving to the first position where evanescent light is extracted, the elastic material or the elastic film is deformed. In addition, since the gap between the first optical member and the second optical member is reduced as much as possible, there is an advantage that the evanescent light can be efficiently extracted.

Further, by transferring the shape of the facing surface to the interface between the total reflection surface and the extraction surface and then contacting or approaching the interface, stable extraction of evanescent light becomes possible.

Further, by providing a multifunctional film on the first optical member or the second optical member of the color changer, the gap between the first optical member and the second optical member at the first position is provided. However, there is an advantage that the evanescent light can be stably extracted and the color can be switched stably even in a state where there is a small amount of light.

Further, the first optical member and the second optical member of the color changer are provided in a sealed container, and the pressure in the container is set lower than the ambient pressure or in a vacuum state, thereby moving the optical member. This has the advantage that the fluid resistance generated in this case can be reduced and the color switching time can be reduced.

Further, the first optical member and the second optical member of the color changer are provided in a sealed container, and the inside of the container is shielded from the surrounding environment, so that the liquid is not affected by external humidity. Can be prevented from adhering to the extraction surface or the total reflection surface, which contributes to prevention of sticking of the optical member. Therefore, since the optical member can be easily moved to the first position or the second position, there is an advantage that the color switching can be stably performed.

Also, by providing a surface facing the first optical member or the second optical member and a flow path penetrating therearound in the color changer, the optical member is moved to the first position or the second position. This has the advantage that the color switching time can be shortened by smoothing the flow of the surrounding fluid generated at that time.

Further, by fixing the optical member used for the color changer to the first optical member or the second optical member by the frame, the moment when the optical member is moved to the first position or the second position is reduced. By adding the optical member to the frame, there is an advantage that the optical member fixed by the frame moves stably, and the extraction and non-extraction of the evanescent wave can be switched stably.

Further, by embedding the means for moving the optical member in the first optical member or the second optical member of the color changer, there is no loss that occurs when a moment is transmitted via the moment transmitting mechanism, and the optical device is directly optically operated. There is an advantage that the moment is transmitted to the member and the color switching time can be reduced.

Further, by providing a fluid pocket that does not penetrate from the surface facing the first optical member or the second optical member in the color changer, the optical member moves to the first position or the second position. Smooth movement of the optical members by evacuating the fluid between the opposing optical members in the fluid pocket or by generating a separating force due to the pressure accumulated in the fluid pocket when the opposing optical member separates. And the color switching time can be shortened.

In the color changer, the first optical member or the second optical member is moved to the first position or the second position.
Is provided, and the optical member is moved along the guide rail, so that the color can be switched stably because the optical member can be moved to the first position or the second position with good reproducibility. It has the advantage that.

Further, one or more adjusting mechanisms embedded in the first optical member or the second optical member of the color changer for holding the first optical member or the second optical member at the first position are provided. By providing, the accuracy of the surface alignment of the optical member is improved and the gap is reduced,
There is an advantage that stable extraction of evanescent light can be realized.

Further, a fluid pocket which does not penetrate from the surface facing the first optical member or the second optical member of the color changer to the periphery is provided so that the opening area of the surface facing the first optical member or the second optical member is larger than the cross-sectional area on the back side of the fluid pocket. Accordingly, there is an advantage that the color switching time can be shortened by smoothing the flow of the fluid between the opposing optical members when the optical member moves to the first position or the second position.

Further, the optical member of the color changer is
As a means for reducing the gap between the opposing optical members at the position 1, the liquid such as resin, glass material, rubber material is applied to one side of the opposing optical member surface, and the optical member is moved to the first position. By cooling, drying, raising the temperature, and curing by light irradiation, the surface shapes of the optical members facing each other can be transferred, and the gap between the optical members when the optical members are moved to the first state is reduced as much as possible. A manufacturing method for creating a surface becomes feasible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a color changer according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) shows a state in which an incident light ray is reflected by a total reflection surface, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a state where evanescent light is extracted by an extraction surface. It is a figure showing the state where a light ray went straight.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating a configuration of a color changer according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A illustrates a state in which an incident light beam is reflected by a total reflection surface, and FIG. 2B illustrates a state in which an evanescent light is extracted by an extraction surface. It is a figure showing the state where a light ray went straight.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an image display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing characteristics of a color changer according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a color changer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method of manufacturing a color changer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a color changer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a color wheel which is a conventional color changer.

[Description of Signs] 1 ... Light source 2 ... Light beam 3, 3a, 3b ... Optical member 4 ... Total reflected light beam 5 ... Elastic member 6 ... Multifunctional film 7 ... All Reflecting surface 8 ... Extraction surface 9 ... Support point 10 ... Gap 11 ... Fluid pocket 12 ... Link mechanism 13, 18 ... Extension 14 ... Elastic body 15 ... Actuator 16 ... Fixed part 17 ... Actuator extension force 18 ... Actuator contraction force 19 ... Drive circuit 20 ... Hinge mechanism 21 ... Holder 22 ... Rotation moment 23,24 ... Fluid 25 ... Reflectors 26, 26a, 26b ... Optical path switch 27 ... Transmitted light 30 ... Permanent magnet 31 ... Power transmission member 32 ... Electromagnet coil 33 ... Flow path 34 ... Guide Rail 35: Generated moment 36 ..Positioning pins 37 ・ ・ ・ Outflow fluid 38 ・ ・ ・ Inflow fluid 39 ・ ・ ・ Color filter 40 ・ ・ ・ Color changer 41 ・ ・ ・ Fine adjustment mechanism 42 ・ ・ ・ Adjustment mechanism 50 ・ ・ ・ Image display device 51: Spatial light modulator 52a, 52b: Condensing lens 53a: Red collimating lens 53b: Green collimating lens 53c: Collimating lens 54a: Mirror 54b: Green reflecting mirror 54c ... Blue reflecting mirror 55 ... Blue concave mirror 56 ... Depressurizing container 57 ... Optical signal 58a, 58b ... Focus point 59a, 59b, 59c ... Convergent light 60a, 60b ... Diffusion light 61 ... Image light rays 62, 62b, 62c, ... Parallel light 63a, 63b, 63c, ... Colored parallel light 64 ... Projection lens 500 ... Color E Eel 501: Red filter 502: Green filter 503: Blue filter 504, 507: Red / green filter boundary 505: Green / blue filter boundary 506: Blue / red filter boundary 508 ..Red filter angle: B 509: Moving angle on the boundary: A 510: Ray 511: Rotation direction of the color wheel 512: Scanning center line of the ray

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A first optical member having a total reflection surface capable of transmitting light by total reflection, and extracting evanescent light leaking from the total reflection surface with light incident on the first optical member. A second optical member, and means for moving the first optical member or the second optical member to a first position where the evanescent light can be extracted and a second position where the evanescent light is not extracted,
A color filter that adds color information to the total reflection light or the extracted evanescent light, and moves the first optical member or the second optical member to the first position or the second position A color changer characterized in that the emitted light has different color information. 2. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein said first optical member or said second optical member is formed of an elastic material. 3. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein an elastic film is provided on a surface of the first optical member or the second optical member on a side where the first optical member and the second optical member face each other. A color changer characterized by being provided. 4. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein a multifunctional film is provided on the first optical member or the second optical member. 5. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein the first optical member and the second optical member are provided in a sealed container, and the pressure in the container is set to a low pressure or a vacuum state as compared with the ambient pressure. Characterized color changer. 6. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein the first optical member and the second optical member are provided in a sealed container, and the inside of the container is isolated from the surrounding environment. 7. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein a flow path penetrating a surface facing the first optical member or the second optical member and a periphery thereof is provided. 8. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein said first optical member or said second optical member is fixed by a frame. 9. A color changer according to claim 1, wherein means for moving said optical member is embedded in said first optical member or said second optical member. 10. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein a fluid pocket that does not penetrate from the surface facing the first optical member or the second optical member to the periphery is provided. 11. The color changer according to claim 1, further comprising a guide rail for moving the first optical member or the second optical member to the first position or the second position. A color changer, wherein the optical member moves along a rail. 12. The color changer according to claim 1, wherein light incident on the color changer is converged light. 13. The color changer according to claim 9, wherein the first optical member or the second optical member embedded in the first optical member or the second optical member is placed in the first position or the first position. A color changer comprising one or more adjustment mechanisms for holding the adjustment mechanism at the second position. 14. The color changer according to claim 10, wherein an opening area of a surface facing the fluid pocket is provided to be larger than a cross-sectional area of a back side of the fluid pocket. 15. A first optical member having a light source, a color filter, and a total reflection surface capable of transmitting light by total reflection, and evanescent light leaking light incident on the first optical member from the total reflection surface. A second optical member for extracting light, a color changer including means for moving the second optical member to a first position where the evanescent light can be extracted and a second position where the evanescent light cannot be extracted, and spatial light. An image display device comprising a modulation element and a projection lens, wherein light use efficiency is improved by using the color changer. 16. A first optical member having a total reflection surface capable of transmitting light by total reflection and extracting evanescent light leaking light incident on the first optical member from the total reflection surface. A second optical member, a first position at which the evanescent light can be extracted, and a second position at which the evanescent light is not extracted.
The first optical member and the second optical member are formed by transferring the shape of one of the opposing optical member surfaces. A method for manufacturing an optical path switch, comprising: