JP2000170318A - Manufacture of wooden block/concrete structural body, structural body obtained thereby and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cementing a large number of wooden blocks to form a new porous structural body, a structural body obtained thereby and a using method thereof. SOLUTION: When a large number of wooden blocks are bound with mortar in a state to hold voids, and the mortar as a binder is so mixed that mortar/ wooden block ratio (Vm/Vwc capacity 5%) becomes 14-60% at water/cement ratio (w/c weight %) 17-25. Cement/wooden block or cement/aggregate/wooden block has a specific mixture ratio, and after dry mixing of them is made, water and chemical admixture are charged, water addition is made to adjust water content after the primary mixture, water/cement ratio and mortar/wooden block ratio are within a specific range, and the secondary mixture is poured into a molding and is molded under the vibration/pressure to cure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to wood chips and cement,
Furthermore, if necessary, using aggregates (mainly fine aggregates such as crushed sand for concrete and silica sand), strength, formability, shape retention with time,
A method of manufacturing a wood chip / concrete structure, and a structure obtained by the manufacturing method and the plant, which enabled planting ability, drainage capacity, air permeability, sound insulation, cushioning, etc. to be designed specifications. It is about usage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a wood producing area, a large amount of waste material is generated. For example, there are thinned lumber, sawdust, sawdust and the like after cutting necessary portions. A large amount of waste material having a size much larger than sawdust powder is generated. In the past, most were incinerated because they are the easiest and least expensive to burn and dispose of.
Sawdust has a disadvantage that it takes a long time to burn (especially when it is wet), and is used in other disposal methods, for example, for livestock breeding beds, as compost, and as an organic source material in fields. As for powder such as sawdust generated in lumbering, a solidified heat-insulating block made of cement is proposed in Utility Model Registration No. 3044017.

[0003]

However, wood chips (chips, approximately 5-45 mm) and other waste materials that are not in the form of small particles such as powder and have a size of several centimeters or more are kept in a state where voids are maintained. It is difficult to solidify with cement. That is, there is no example where such a piece of wood is solidified with cement (mortar) to make it porous, and no example is examined for its use. Therefore, a method of solidifying a piece of wood into cement to form a new porous structure, a structure obtained by the method, and a method of using the same were studied.

[0004]

As a result of examining the above-mentioned problems, when bonding a large number of (flat) pieces of wood with a mortar while maintaining voids, the mortar as a binder is replaced with water.
/ Cement ratio (W / C weight%) of 17 to 25. In addition, the mortar / wood chip ratio (Vm / Vwc volume%) is 1
A method for producing a wood chip / concrete structure characterized by being blended to be 4 to 60. When the mortar / wood chip ratio is in this range, voids are secured and water permeability is also secured.
Experimental results show that the porosity and the hydraulic conductivity have a substantially linear relationship. By setting the porosity at the time of blending design, it is possible to estimate the water permeability to some extent.

[0005] The wood piece referred to here is a flat piece having a side of several cm (particle size of 0.5 to 50 mm) larger than the powder and having a length L
= 10 to 30 mm, width B = 3 to 30 mm, and thickness t = 3 to 6 mm. The smaller the particle size, the smaller the porosity,
Strength increases. In the present invention, the length L of a piece of wood refers to the longer one of the widths in the example shown in FIG. 4 and corresponds to the size of the mesh when sieving. In the above range, the appearance is greatly different from that obtained by solidifying wood powder such as sawdust or the like into concrete, and a large void that contributes to air permeability and water permeability can be secured. Moreover, the shear strength,
Both compressive strength and tensile strength are high. As a means for turning the waste material into such a piece of wood (chip), a device in which a cutting blade generally called a chipper rotates can be used. The type of cement is not particularly limited, such as Portland cement (ordinary, early high, ultra early, moderate heat), blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, and the like.

The ratio of mortar to wood chips is important. If the amount of mortar exceeds 60% of the wood chips, the mortar drips, affecting the voids and affecting water permeability. The mixing ratio of cement and water is also important, and the water / cement ratio (W / C) was confirmed in the case of Portland cement. Sometimes concrete movement occurs, the space between the pieces of wood located at the bottom of the formwork is filled with concrete and it is not possible to maintain the gap,
It flows when joining pieces of wood and cannot function as a binder. When the water / cement ratio is 16 or less, the viscosity of the cement is impaired, the adhesive strength is insufficient, it is difficult for the mortar to adhere evenly to the wood chips even after long hours of mixing work, and the molded product is brittle Bending strength,
Neither compressive strength nor tensile strength can be measured.

[0007] In the case of a wood chip / concrete structure which is degraded over time, for example, after a certain period of time, the water / cement ratio is preferably about 20.

When a large number of pieces of wood are combined with mortar while maintaining a void, the mortar as a binder contains aggregate and has a water / cement ratio (W / C weight%) of 17 to 25, and a mortar / wood piece ratio. (Vm / Vwc volume%) is 14 to 60%. The aggregate used here is fine aggregate (5-0.088
mm), and particularly preferably sand of 1.2 mm or less.

A more detailed description of a method for manufacturing a wood chip / concrete structure is as follows. That is, cement and wood chips, or the mixing ratio of cement and aggregate and wood chips, within the above range, after kneading, water, add an admixture, and primary kneading, then add water The water is adjusted, and the water / cement ratio and the mortar / wood chip ratio are adjusted to the optimum ranges. Then, the secondary kneaded product is put into a mold, molded under vibration and pressure, and cured.

[0010] The term "kneading" as used herein refers to an operation of once stirring a material other than water (a liquid containing an admixture) before adding water to uniformly disperse the material. Subsequent introduction of water and an admixture performs the adhesive function. The admixture is a known one usually used during concrete kneading,
It is added to have a thickening effect and an affinity for wood chips and aggregates.

The vibration is applied to make the mixture of cement and water and wood chips, or the mixture of cement, water, aggregate and wood chips, so that the mortar acts as a binder and enhances its function.
The same applies to pressurization. After molding, curing is preferably performed in water or in a steam atmosphere.

It is effective to wet a piece of wood with water prior to mixing with cement. If you add water to the wood,
(1) Quantitative moisture management of the whole can be done, (2) Water in the mortar is absorbed into the wood chips so that hardening inhibition does not occur,
(3) The mortar is easy to adjust to the surface of the wood piece and has an effect of increasing the adhesive strength.

According to such a manufacturing method, a plate-shaped or block-shaped wooden piece / concrete structure having voids can be obtained. The plate-shaped wood chip / concrete structures with voids are soundproof walls, pavement plates, seawall plates, and planting (greening)
Base material, grass-proof covering material, civil engineering drainage material, etc., having desired porosity (30-60%), water permeability, and strength characteristics. The porosity is desirably between 20 and 65%, more preferably between 30 and 60%. If the porosity is lower than 20%, a desired water permeability cannot be obtained, and the cultivated soil cannot be sufficiently filled in the voids. On the other hand, if the porosity is higher than 60%, there is no shape retention, no strength is obtained, and decomposition is too fast.

Further, a method of using a wood chip / concrete structure which uses this wood chip / concrete structure in combination with another structure has been developed. A wood chip / concrete structure used in combination with another structure referred to herein is, for example, used for a part of a side wall or a bottom plate of a U-shaped waterway block, or a part is cut out to a planting portion of a road separation zone. , Using concrete blocks for both front and rear or left and right,
For example, it is bonded to the entire surface of the concrete slab to make a sound absorbing panel.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, a method for manufacturing a wood chip / concrete structure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
Wood chips and cement (and aggregates in Examples 1 to 4) were blended in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 shown in Table 1 with the composition shown in Table 1. The piece of wood is flat and has an aspect ratio (length L
/ Thickness t%) of 11-14 is used, and the material is cypress (absolute dry specific gravity)
0.473, water supply rate 211.4%), and a piece of wood was pre-hydrated. This was kneaded for about 30 seconds, and cement was applied to the surface of the chip. Next, water (slightly smaller than the amount shown in Table 1)
And an admixture AD type (water reducing agent, for example, naphthalene type, melamine type, etc.) or SP type (high performance water reducing agent, for example, polycarboxylic acid type) in the amount shown in Table 1 was added and mixed (primary kneading). . Further, water was added to adjust the water content to the value shown in Table 1,
Kneading was performed until the entire piece of wood was covered with mortar (secondary kneading).

[0016]

[Table 1]

The kneaded product of the above-mentioned wood chips and mortar was put into a vibrating press mold, and pressed and molded while applying vibration at 1.0 kgf / cm ² . Immediately after molding, the mold was released and cured in a steam atmosphere for 5 hours.

With respect to the wood chip / concrete structures obtained by the above-mentioned manufacturing method, practically usable molded articles were obtained in Examples 1 to 14. FIG. 2 shows an example of the obtained wood chip / concrete structure corresponding to Example 5 (porosity: 40%). FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part. The concrete 2 covering the wood piece connects the wood piece 1 with another wood piece 1,
Further, pores 3 are formed. The pore 3 is a piece of wood of the present invention.
It has continuous pores communicating with the entire concrete structure. The measurement results of the compressive strength (N / mm ² ) are shown in the right column. water
When the / cement ratio is in the range of 25 or less and 19 or more, the compressive strength increases in inverse proportion to the decrease in the porosity.

In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the mortar had no viscosity and thus did not have a function as a binder. Comparative Example 3 was a molded article and had high compressive strength, but had a low porosity and did not exhibit the function as a porous body.

In Examples 1 to 14, NO. 1 having a large compressive strength was used.
No.4 is suitable for pavement plate, slope cover plate, sound insulation plate, shock absorption plate, water purification base, ecological conservation block, plate for substitute for grass sheet, retaining wall block, etc. for permanent use. ing. Nos. 7 to 12 having a large porosity are suitable as drainage materials, drainage materials, drainage materials on the backside of retaining walls, and the like. In particular, Nos. 9 to 14 collapse in a relatively short period of time and are suitable for planting slope blocks, planting base materials, planting pots, planting, and the like.

Table 2 shows the case of cedar wood chips. The smaller the particle size, the smaller the porosity and the higher the strength. Table 3 shows the composition at that time. In Table 2, 1005 means a size that passes through a 10 mm sieve and remains on a 5 mm sieve.

[0022]

[Table 2]

[0023]

[Table 3]

FIGS. 5 to 18 show examples of use of the wood chip / concrete structure 10 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an example in which planting is enabled by using a block of the wood chip / concrete structure 10 of the present invention in the interior partitioned by the concrete frame 11.
The culture soil is filled into the voids and placed on high water revetments or slopes to form planting revetments or slopes. Since the specific gravity of the block is smaller than that of the conventional one using the gravel, it also leads to a reduction in labor for installation work at the building site. In addition, by using a piece of wood having a large water absorption, the water retention is increased, and the planted plant is less likely to wither.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a block of the wood chip / concrete structure of the present invention is used as a root-fixing material for river improvement or the like. By providing holes that can be planted in the blocks, planting aquatic plants, and installing them as root banking materials on the riverbank, the roots of the aquatic plants grow using the voids of the wood chip and concrete structure of the present invention, and Form a revetment. By changing the water / cement ratio or changing the mortar / wood fraction, it gradually decomposes when the aquatic plants form communities and have revetment functions until the plants thrive A structure having degradability with time can be obtained. Although illustration is omitted, it may be formed so that cultivation soil can be put in like a planting pot.

FIG. 7 shows a wood chip / concrete structure 1 of the present invention.
It is sectional drawing which shows the example which uses 0 for water quality purification. In the right side of FIG. 7, a block of the wood chip / concrete structure 10 of the present invention is buried in the soil to be used to filter water, and at the same time, has a function of decomposing organic substances in water by microorganisms as a carrier for retaining microorganisms. Let me. On the left, it is laid on the riverbed as a base material for breeding microorganisms and vegetation for underwater plants to decompose and purify organic matter in the water.

FIG. 8 shows a wood chip / concrete structure 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an example in which 0 is arranged on the side wall and the bottom plate of the waterway block 12. The strength against the earth pressure is ensured by the concrete waterway block main body, and the wood chip / concrete structure 10 of the present invention ensures water permeability, thereby enabling the propagation of plants and moss in the stable waterway.

FIG. 9 shows a wood chip / concrete structure 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which 0 is formed into a waterway block 13. Stoma
Utilizing the remarkable unevenness with many (voids), living organisms that have fallen into the waterway, crawled from the upstream waterway, crawl, or need to cross the waterway, or enter the waterway for drinking It has the characteristic that can be.

FIG. 10 shows a wood chip / concrete structure 1 of the present invention.
This is an example in which 0 is used for the green strip 14 and the sidewalk 15 on the sidewalk.
The sidewalk can be used as a water-permeable block, and the greening separation zone 14 can be used by forming a partially cut-out state so that a tree planting hole 16 can be formed and laying it down. The latter method of use does not affect the growth of planted plants and has the function of suppressing the growth of weeds and the like that invade from the outside (maintenance-free).

FIG. 11 shows a wood chip / concrete structure 1 of the present invention.
This is an example in which 0 is used as collection / drainage material 17. Slope coating 18
Also using the wood chip / concrete structure 10 of the present invention,
The portion formed by the drainage material and the slope coating material 18 is filled with earth and sand. In such a case, sandbags are generally used, but sandbags are difficult to pack, and there are problems such as heavy, easy sinking, and difficulty in taking slope slopes. .

FIGS. 12 to 14 show another example using a plate-shaped wooden piece / concrete structure 10 of the present invention. Figure 12 shows a synthetic resin (expanded polystyrene) for roads, etc. constructed on the slope.
As a substitute for the block, a rectangular block-shaped wooden piece / concrete structure 10 of the present invention is used. FIG. 13 shows an example in which the backrest wall is used as a collection / drainage material 17 on the back of the retaining wall.
FIG. 14 shows an example in which the drainage materials 17, 17 are used on both sides of an underground parking lot. In addition, it can be used in place of the synthetic resin foam drainage material currently used. For example, it can be used below a facility requiring drainage, such as a green, a tennis court, a field, or a road surface in a golf course.

FIG. 15 shows an example of use as a sound-absorbing material or a cushioning material, and shows a state in which a plate-like material of the wood piece / concrete structure of the present invention is adhered to a wall of a roadway. Also, FIG.
Is an example in which the surface of the separator block is covered. These usually function as a sound absorbing material, and have a function of buffering an impact in the event of a car contact or an accident. When the wood chip / concrete structure 10 of the present invention is used as a substitute for glass wool or the like on the wall surface of a house as shown in FIG. 17, indoor noise can be reduced. Also, FIG.
When used on the roof of a building like
Exhibits drainage function. If cultivated soil is put in the upper part, it will be possible to plant on the roof of a building or the like.

Table 4 shows the test results of cultivating various plants by arranging a plate-shaped wooden piece / concrete structure of the present invention in a water tank (1.8 × 1.3 × 0.4 m) so that the surface is above water. Show. Despite planting in summer, which is not suitable for planting, almost all species are growing smoothly, proving that it is useful as a vegetation base.

[0034]

[Table 4]

Further, the durability of the wet and dry cycles was also examined. As a result, the larger the particle size, the faster the breakage. In the fracture mode, the larger the grain size, the more remarkable the cracks of the wood pieces themselves, and the smaller the grain size, the peeling of the cement paste from the wood pieces was observed. From these results, it is necessary to (1) increase the size of the wood piece and (2) reduce the mortar / wood piece ratio in order to obtain a planted wood chip / concrete structure that is expected to be disintegrable after a predetermined period.

[0036]

According to the present invention, wood pieces such as wood chips which have been conventionally discarded or incinerated can be used as porous materials. It contributes to effective use of wood and prevention of air pollution. In addition, various facilities enable sound insulation, collection and drainage, water purification, planting, ventilation, sound insulation, cushioning, and the like.

The wood / concrete structure of the present invention can change the water / cement ratio or the mortar / wood ratio to change the porosity (water permeability), strength (bending strength, compressive strength,
Tensile strength), disintegration over time, sound absorption, buffering capacity, moisture absorption, etc. can be designed, and products with various specifications can be manufactured, including members that create multi-natural spaces.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of the method for producing a wood chip / concrete structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the wood chip / concrete structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a piece of wood.

FIG. 5 shows an example of using the wood chip / concrete structure of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a block of a wood chip / concrete structure of the present invention is used as a root-fixing material for river improvement or the like.

FIG. 7 shows an example of using the same structure.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an example in which the same structure is used for a part of a waterway block.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the same structure is used for an ecosystem conservation type waterway block.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example in which the same structure is used for a greening separation strip on a sidewalk and a sidewalk.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an example in which the same structure is used as a collection / drainage material.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the structure is used in a road.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the same structure is used for the back of a retaining wall.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the same structure is used for a garage side wall outer surface.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the structure is used as a sound absorbing material or a cushioning material.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the same structure is coated on a surface of a separation band block.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of an example in which the same structure is used as a sound absorbing material on a wall surface of a house.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the same structure is used on the roof of a house.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 wood piece 2 concrete 3 pore 10 wood piece / concrete structure 11 concrete frame 12 waterway block 13 waterway block 14 greening separation zone 15 sidewalk 16 planting hole 17 collection / drainage material 18 slope covering material

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme court ゛ (Reference) E02D 17/20 103 E02D 17/20 103H 2E162 29/02 312 29/02 312 4G012 E04B 2/02 E04C 1 / 04 QNF term (reference) 2B260 AA09 AA20 BA01 BA02 BA13 BA18 CB01 CC02 CD30 EB06 EB25 2D018 EA01 2D044 DB52 2D048 CA05 2D051 AA03 AA06 AB03 AB04 AB05 AC11 AF03 AG06 AH02 AH03 DA01 DA11 FA01B01P013 PC03 PC12 PC13

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method in which a large number of wood pieces are combined with a mortar while maintaining voids, wherein a mortar as a binder is blended to have a water / cement ratio (W / C weight%) of 17 to 25. Method of manufacturing wood chips and concrete structures. 2. When bonding a large number of wood pieces with a mortar while maintaining a void, the mortar as a binder is mixed with a water / cement ratio (W / C weight%) of 17 to 25 and a mortar / wood piece ratio.
(Vm / Vwc volume%) 14 to 60. A method for producing a wood chip / concrete structure. 3. A mixture of cement and wood chips, or cement, aggregate and wood chips, having a predetermined mixing ratio, and after kneading them,
Water, admixture is added, after the primary kneading, water is added to adjust the water content, the water / cement ratio and the mortar / wood chip ratio are within a predetermined range, and then the secondary kneaded is put into a molding die. A method for producing a wood chip / concrete structure, which is formed by shaping under pressure and applying vibration. 4. A piece of wood is flat, length L = 10-30 mm, width B =
The method for producing a wood piece / concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness is 3 to 30 mm and the thickness t is 3 to 6 mm. 5. The method for producing a wood piece / concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the wood piece is wetted with water prior to mixing with the cement. 6. A wood chip / concrete structure formed into a plate-like or block-like structure having voids by using the manufacturing method according to claim 1. 7. The wood chip / concrete structure according to claim 6, wherein the porosity is 30 to 60%. 8. A method of using a wood chip / concrete structure using the wood chip / concrete structure according to claim 6 or 7 in combination with another structure.