JP2000170258A - Building unit and unit type building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building unit and a unit type building requiring no insertion hole on beams and having improved degree of freedom for installing a large horizontal extension member. SOLUTION: The rectangular solid frame of building units 2, 3 includes double-level ceiling beams 23 arranged with upper edges below the upper end faces of columns 21 and double-level floor beams 25 arranged with lower edges above the lower end faces of columns 21. A large gap G is formed between the double-level ceiling beams 23 of the building unit 2 and the double-level floor beams 25 of the building unit 3, and electric wires L and various pipes 28 are inserted through the gap G. No hole is required to be bored on beams unlike in the past, and the reduction of the strength of beams and the reduction of the efficiency of the beam machining work can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a frame having a rectangular parallelepiped shape by connecting the upper and lower ends of pillars at four corners with beams, and a ceiling beam of another building unit disposed above the frame. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a building unit and a unit-type building in which a gap through which electric wires and pipes can be formed can be formed between the building unit and a floor beam of another building unit disposed therebelow.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, unit-type buildings constructed by combining a plurality of box-shaped building units manufactured in a factory at a building site have been used. As shown in FIG. 7, as a building unit 100 forming a unit building,
A rectangular frame 120 in which the upper and lower ends of four corner columns 121 are connected by ceiling beams 122 and 123 and floor beams 124 and 125.
Is generally used. The frame 120 of the building unit 100 includes, in a factory, interior materials such as ceiling surface materials supported by ceiling beams, floor surface materials supported by floor beams, and partition walls for partitioning a roof, and plates made of lightweight cellular concrete ( An external wall material or the like made of, for example, an “ALC plate” is attached. A plurality of building units forming the building form each floor of the building by arranging the beams 122 to 125 adjacent to each other at the same height level. Further, the building units 100 are vertically stacked by a required number of layers. According to such a unit-type building, the work of assembling the interior material and the outer wall material to the building unit 100 is performed in the factory, and thereafter, the fixing work between the building units and the building unit on the first floor and the foundation is performed. The building is completed only by itself, so the work at the construction site is greatly reduced, and there is an advantage that the construction work can be completed in a short time.

In such a unit-type building, the pillar 121
And the upper edges of the ceiling beams 122 and 123 are flush with each other.
Since the framework 120 of the building unit 100 is formed so that the lower edge surface of the building unit 25 is flush with the lower edge surface of the building unit 100, when the two building units 100 are stacked up and down, between the ceiling beam 122 and the floor beam 124, and Only a small gap is formed between the ceiling beam 123 and the floor beam 125. For this reason, in order to insert a horizontally extending member extending in the horizontal direction such as an electric wire or a sewage pipe provided on the ceiling wall, the beams 122 to 1 are used.
25, for example, as shown in FIG.
8, a horizontally extending member such as a sewage pipe 130 or an electric wire 131 is inserted through the through hole TH as shown in FIG.

[0004]

However, the beam 12
Since the insertion holes TH are provided at the positions 2 to 125, when there are a large number of horizontally extending members installed across a plurality of building units, a large number of the insertion holes T are provided in accordance with the number of these horizontally extending members.
If H is to be provided at one location, the strength of the beams 122 to 125 will be reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to disperse and provide these through holes TH. There is a problem that the total extension distance of the extending member is increased and the amount of work for installing the horizontal extending member is increased. Providing a plurality of insertion holes TH is not limited to beams 122 to 125.
There is also a problem that this may cause the efficiency of the machining operation to be reduced. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-292779 discloses that a gap between the lower surface of a ceiling beam and the upper surface of a ceiling panel is reduced by reducing a beam height, which is a height dimension of a ceiling beam provided in a building unit. It is disclosed that a horizontal extending member is inserted into the gap. However, according to the technology of this publication, it is not necessary to provide an insertion hole in the beam,
There is no allowance for the dimension between the lower surface of the ceiling beam and the upper surface of the ceiling panel, and it is difficult to insert a thicker horizontally extending member.

An object of the present invention is to provide a building unit and a unit-type building in which an insertion hole provided in a beam is not required, and the degree of freedom in installation of a thick horizontal extending member is improved.

[0006]

The first invention of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The building units 2 and 3 having the frame 20 assembled in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped by being connected by 2 to 25, and the upper edge of the building unit is arranged at a position lower than the upper end surface of the column 21 as the beam. Ceiling beam 23 provided in the
It is characterized in that it includes at least one of the uneven floor beams 25 provided so that the lower edge is disposed above the lower end surface of the column 21. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the building unit 3 having the uneven floor beam 25 is placed on the building unit 2 having the uneven ceiling beam 23, and the uneven ceiling beam 23 and the uneven floor beam 25 are placed in the same plane position. When it is placed in, the uneven ceiling beam 2 of the building unit 2
3, a large gap G is formed between the uneven floor beam 25 of the building unit 3 and the electric wire L and various pipes 28 can be inserted through this gap G. Is eliminated, and a reduction in the strength of the beam and a reduction in the efficiency of the beam processing operation are prevented.

[0007] In the above, it is preferable that the frame member forming the stepped ceiling beam 23 and the stepped floor beam 25 provided in the frame 20 be a square pipe-shaped steel material. If a beam formed of such a square pipe-shaped steel material is employed, the beam height of the square pipe-shaped beam can be smaller than that of a channel formed of a channel material in securing the same proof stress against a vertical load. . As a result, in the uneven building units 2 and 3 including the uneven ceiling beams 23 and the uneven floor beams 25, the lower surface of the uneven ceiling beams 23 and the upper surface of the uneven floor beams 25 have the same height level as the normal building unit, and Even if a building including the building units 2 and 3 is formed, a floor surface and a ceiling surface at the same height level as that of a normal building unit can be formed. Conventional building units can be mixed.

The second invention of the present invention is constructed by combining a plurality of building units 2 and 3 having a frame 20 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape by connecting the upper and lower ends of the four corner columns with beams. In the unit building 1, an upper-floor building unit 3 and a lower-floor building unit 2 that are vertically stacked are provided as the building units 2 and 3,
The upper-floor building unit 3 has a stepped floor beam 25 provided so that the lower edge is arranged at a position higher than the lower end face of the pillar, and the lower-floor building unit 2 is higher than the upper end face of the pillar. It has a stepped ceiling beam 23 provided so that an upper edge is arranged at a lower position, and a stepped floor beam 25 of the upper floor building unit 3.
And the stepped ceiling beams 23 of the lower-floor building unit 2 are arranged at the same plane position. In the second aspect of the invention, similarly to the first aspect, the stepped unit having the stepped floor beam 25 is placed on the stepped unit having the stepped ceiling beam 23, and the stepped ceiling beam 23 and the stepped floor When the beams 25 are arranged at the same plane position, a large gap G is formed between the stepped ceiling beam 23 and the stepped floor beam 25, and the electric wire L passes through the gap G.
And various pipes 28 can be provided, so that it is not necessary to make a hole in the beam as in the related art, and a reduction in the strength of the beam and a reduction in the efficiency of the work of processing the beam can be prevented. Since it is formed over the entire length, the degree of freedom in wiring and piping of the ceiling in the unit building is significantly improved.

In the above description, the uneven floor beam 25 of the upper-floor building unit 3 and the uneven ceiling beam 23 of the lower-floor building unit 2
And a plurality of diagonal members 31 are provided between them.
1. It is preferable that the uneven floor beams 25 and the uneven ceiling beams 23 form lattice beams. In this way, to reinforce the frame 20 of the building units 2 and 3,
Even if a lattice beam having a large beam height is provided, the floor beam 25 of the uneven building unit 3 on the upper floor can be used as the upper chord of the lattice beam, and the ceiling beam 23 of the irregular unit on the lower floor can be used as the lower chord of the lattice beam. Since the lattice beam does not protrude below the ceiling beam 23 of the step unit on the lower floor, the height level of the ceiling is lowered to conceal the lattice beam, and a hanging wall is formed on the ceiling. A comfortable room with no feeling of oppression is formed.

The uneven floor beams 2 of the upper-floor building unit 3
5, a ceiling panel 26 serving as a ceiling of a room formed inside the lower-floor building unit 2 can also be attached. Even if the height dimension of the uneven unit is the same as that of a conventional building, the height from the floor to the ceiling of the room formed on the lower floor can be increased. This eliminates the need for building units 2 and 3 having different height dimensions, which make it difficult to connect in the horizontal direction even if the height dimension to the ceiling is expanded, resulting in a defect in the connection work of the building units 2 and 3. Does not occur at all.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a unit-type building 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The unit building 1 has a foundation 1A, a building body 1B constructed on the foundation 1A, and a roof 1C provided on the building body 1B. The building body 1B is a combination of a plurality of building units 2 and 3 formed in a box shape,
It has a building unit 2 on the first floor and a building unit 3 on the second floor. In addition, six building units 2 and 3 are provided on each floor of the building body 1B.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the building units 2 and 3 has a frame 20 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. This skeleton 20 is composed of four corner pillars 21 and these pillars 2
1 and the long side ceiling beam 22 and the short side ceiling beam 23 connecting between the upper ends of the first column 1 and the long side floor beam 2 connecting between the lower ends of the four pillars 21.
4 and a short-side floor beam 25. Each of the ceiling beams 22, 23 and the floor beams 25, 25 is joined to the column 21 via, for example, a fitting (not shown).
The long side ceiling beam 22 and the short side ceiling beam 23 are stepped ceiling beams provided such that the upper edge is disposed below the upper end surface of the pillar 21. Long side floor beam 24 and short side floor beam 25
Is a stepped floor beam provided such that a lower edge is disposed above the lower end surface of the column 21. The building units 2 and 3 provided with these step beams 22 to 25 are step building units. At this time, the stepped ceiling beams 22 and 23 and the stepped floor beams 24 and 25 provided in the frame 20 are provided.
Is a square pipe-shaped steel material.

By stacking the building units 2 and 3 having such uneven beams 22 to 25, as shown in FIG. 3, the uneven floor beams 24 and 25 of the building unit 3 are stacked.
And a gap G having a large opening size is formed between the stepped ceiling beams 22 and 23 of the building unit 2. Here, each ceiling beam 2 of the building units 2 and 3
As shown in FIG. 3, ceiling panels 26 are attached to 2 and 23, while floor panels 27 are attached to uneven floor beams 24 and 25. Then, the ceiling surface material 26 and the floor surface material 27
Is formed between the electric wire L, the sewage pipe 28,
It is an insertion space through which a water pipe (not shown) and a drain pipe (not shown) are inserted. And building units 2, 3
The ceiling pockets P formed therebetween communicate with each other through a gap G. Thereby, between the building units 2 and 3, not only the wire L and the water pipe having a relatively small diameter but also the sewage pipe 28 and the drain pipe having a relatively large diameter extend over the entire building 1 in plan view. It can be freely inserted. The upper end of the sewage pipe 28 extends toward a toilet (not shown), which is a sanitary equipment, and is connected to the toilet.

According to the above-described embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, the stepped ceiling beams 22 and 23 provided so that the upper edge is disposed below the upper end surface of the column 21, and the lower edge is provided above the lower end surface of the column 21. Floor steps 24, 25
Are overlapped to form a large gap G between the stepped ceiling beams 22, 23 and the stepped floor beams 24, 25. The electric wire L and the sewage pipe are passed through the gap G. It becomes possible to insert various pipes such as 28, eliminating the need to make holes in the beam as in the past,
A decrease in the strength of the beams 22 to 25 can be prevented beforehand, and the efficiency of the work of processing the beams 22 to 25 can be improved.

Further, since a square pipe-shaped steel material is adopted as a frame member for forming the stepped ceiling beams 22, 23 and the stepped floor beams 24, 25, the beam height is made smaller than the beam formed by the channel groove. Even when the building 1 is formed to include the building units 2 and 3 having the step beams 22 to 25, the floor and the ceiling at the same height level as the conventional building unit can be formed. In addition, in forming a unit building, a unit building can be constructed by mixing both the uneven building units 2 and 3 and the normal building unit 100.

Further, the building unit 3 having the uneven floor beams 24 and 25 is placed on the building unit 2 having the uneven ceiling beams 22 and 23, and the building units 3 having the uneven ceiling beams 22 and 23 and the uneven floor beams 24 and 25 are placed on the building unit 3. In between these beams 22-25
A large gap G is formed over the entire length of the beam, and various pipes such as the sewage pipe 28 and the electric wire L are inserted into the gap G. In addition, the degree of freedom in setting a route within the ceiling P of the pipe or pipe can be significantly improved, and the efficiency of wiring and piping work can also be improved.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the ceiling provided at the normal height level in the first embodiment is provided at a higher level. That is, in FIG. 4, another two uneven building units 3 are placed on the two uneven building units 2 joined to each other. In the building unit 2 on the left side in the figure, a ceiling panel 26 is attached to the lower surfaces of the ceiling beams 22 and 23 as described in the first embodiment. Thus, the ceiling formed by the ceiling panel 26 is provided at a normal height level. A ceiling panel 26A is not attached to the ceiling beams 22, 23 of the building unit 2A on the right side in the figure. The ceiling panel 26A is attached to the lower surfaces of the floor beams 24 and 25 of the building unit 3A placed on the building unit 2A. Thus, the ceiling formed by the ceiling panel 26A is provided at a height level higher than usual. The building unit 3,
A floor panel 27 is attached to the upper surfaces of the uneven floor beams 24 and 25 of 3A. The partition wall 30 provided in the building unit 2 has a ceiling panel 26 whose upper end is attached to the lower surface of the stepped ceiling beams 22 and 23 of the building unit 2.
Extending to On the other hand, the partition wall 30A provided in the building unit 2A passes through the stepped ceiling beams 22, 23 of the building unit 2 and the ceiling panel attached to the lower surface of the stepped floor beams 24, 25 of the building unit 3A thereabove. 2
The upper end extends to 6A.

In the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be achieved, and the following effects can be added. That is, since the ceiling surface material 26A serving as the ceiling of the room formed inside the lower-floor building unit 2 is attached to the uneven floor beams 24 and 25 of the upper-floor building unit 3, the height of the building unit 2A is increased. However, even if it is the same as the ordinary building unit 100, the height from the floor to the ceiling of the room formed on the lower floor can be increased. This eliminates the need for building units with different height dimensions, which make it difficult to connect in the horizontal direction even if the height dimension to the ceiling is expanded, and causes any problems in the connection work between the building units 2 and 3. Do not let.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the gap G as a simple space in the first embodiment is used as an installation space for lattice beams. That is, in FIG. 5, the uneven building units 2B,
3, the lower building unit 2B is provided with a skeleton 20A from which the long-side floor beams 24 are omitted in order to use the inside as a carport. A plurality of diagonal members 31 are provided between the uneven floor beams 24 of the building unit 3 and the uneven ceiling beams 22 of the building unit 2B,
A lattice beam 32 is formed by the diagonal member 31, the uneven floor beam 24 and the uneven ceiling beam 22. With this lattice beam 32, the frame 20A of the building unit 2B is formed.
Is strengthened, and even if the long-side floor beam 24 is omitted, sufficient rigidity is secured in the building unit 2B. At this time, a frame body 34 in which a frame member 33 such as an angle member is assembled in a square shape is provided around the plurality of diagonal members 31.
In the frame 34, the end of each diagonal member 31 is joined to the frame 34. Thus, the plurality of diagonal members 31 can be transported collectively while maintaining the posture at the predetermined angle.
Further, a joining plate 35 to which an end of the diagonal member 31 is bolted is fixed to the stepped floor beam 24 of the building unit 3 and the stepped ceiling beam 22 of the building unit 2B by welding or the like. Thereby, at the construction site, the building unit 2B
After the building unit 3 is placed on the frame, the frame 34 provided with the plurality of diagonal members 31 is fitted into the gap G, and the end of each diagonal member 31 is bolted to the bonding plate 35. Thus, the lattice beam 32 can be easily formed.

In the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments can be achieved.
The following effects can be added. That is, a lattice beam 32 having a large beam height is provided by the uneven floor beam 24 of the building unit 3, the uneven ceiling beam 22 of the building unit 2 </ b> B, and the plurality of diagonal members 31 provided between the beams 24 and 22. Since the lattice 20A is used to reinforce the frame 20A of the building unit 2B, sufficient rigidity can be secured in the building unit 2B even if the long-side floor beam 24 is omitted from the frame 20A. In addition, the lattice beam 3 between the beams 24 and 22
2 fits in, so the height level of the ceiling will be lower,
No hanging wall is formed on the ceiling, and a comfortable room without feeling of oppression can be formed.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes other configurations capable of achieving the object of the present invention, and includes the following modifications and the like.
For example, the frame of a building unit is not limited to a structure in which all beams are stepped beams, and a structure in which only one of a plurality of beams is a stepped beam may be used.
The uneven beams may be provided in accordance with the gaps for wiring and piping and the places where truss beams for reinforcement should be installed. In addition, the frame member forming the stepped beam is not limited to a rectangular tube having a cross section formed in a square shape, and may have another cross sectional shape such as a round tube having a circular cross section. However, if a rectangular tube is employed, the work of forming the floor panel, ceiling panel, and truss beam can be facilitated.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the insertion hole provided in the beam becomes unnecessary, and the degree of freedom of installation of a thick horizontal extending member can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an entire unit building according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a framework of the building unit of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a ceiling wall according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a framework of a building unit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a skeleton of a conventional building unit.

FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 showing the conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Unit type building 2, 2A, 2B Building unit 3, 3A Building unit 20, 20A Frame 21 Column 22, 23 Stepped ceiling beam 24, 25 Stepped floor beam 26A Ceiling surface material 31 Diagonal material 32 Lattice beam

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A building unit having a rectangular parallelepiped frame by connecting upper and lower ends of pillars at four corners with beams, wherein the beams are upper edges at positions lower than upper end surfaces of the pillars. And a stepped ceiling beam provided to be disposed, and at least one of a stepped floor beam provided so that a lower edge is disposed at a position higher than a lower end surface of the column. Building unit. 2. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein
The building unit characterized in that the stepped ceiling beam provided in the frame and the frame member forming the stepped floor beam are square pipe-shaped steel materials. 3. A unit-type building constructed by combining a plurality of building units each having a rectangular parallelepiped frame by connecting upper and lower ends of pillars at four corners to each other with beams. As an upper-floor building unit and a lower-floor building unit which are superimposed one on top of the other, and the upper-floor building unit has a stepped portion provided such that a lower edge is arranged at a position higher than a lower end surface of the pillar. With floor beams,
The lower-floor building unit has a stepped ceiling beam provided so that an upper edge is disposed at a position lower than an upper end surface of the pillar, and the stepped floor beam of the upper-floor building and the lower-floor building A unit-type building, wherein the stepped ceiling beams of the unit are arranged at the same plane position. 4. The unit type building according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of diagonal members are provided between the stepped floor beams of the upper floor building unit and the stepped ceiling beams of the lower floor building unit. The unit type building, wherein the diagonal members, the uneven floor beams and the uneven ceiling beams form lattice beams. 5. The unit-type building according to claim 3, wherein a ceiling surface material serving as a ceiling of a room formed inside the lower-floor building unit is attached to the uneven floor beam of the upper-floor building unit. Unit-type building characterized by having.