JP4796684B2

JP4796684B2 - Unit building

Info

Publication number: JP4796684B2
Application number: JP2000116896A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 英俊五味; 充平松
Original assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date: 1999-05-10
Filing date: 2000-04-18
Publication date: 2011-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 2020-04-18
Also published as: JP2001173105A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、壁式工法による箱形状の建物ユニットの複数からなるユニット建物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、壁式工法の箱形状の建物ユニットからなるユニット建物が、特開昭６０−３３９５８号公報に記載されているように、知られている。これは、床パネルに壁パネルを立設してなる箱形状の建物ユニットの複数と、各建物ユニットの上部に接合される屋根ユニットとを、建築現場で組み立て１戸の建物に構築するものである。この建物ユニットは、工場で予め生産される。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、木質の壁式工法の建物にあっても、３階建てが許されるなど、建物に高強度が要求されるようになってきた。ところが、上記特開昭６０−３３９５８号公報に記載のユニット建物にあっては、建物の構造耐力上主要な壁（耐力壁という）は、すべて、建物ユニットの床パネルの側縁に限定されて立設されていた。
【０００４】
耐力壁は高さの１／３以上の巾を有しなければならない。壁の高さは居室高さより２４００ｍｍ以上必要なので、巾は８００ｍｍ以上必要となる。
従来のユニット建物では、耐力壁は各建物ユニット単位で設けられており、ユニットに股がって耐力壁を構成するものはなかった。
【０００５】
また、建物ユニットは工場から現地へ輸送する必要上、建物ユニットの短辺側寸法は２５００ｍｍ未満とされており、その内８００ｍｍ以上を耐力壁で占有されてしまうと、残りは１７００ｍｍ以下となり、開口部の位置や大きさに制約があった。
例えば、図９イ）に示すように、二つの建物ユニット１，１を長辺側同士並べて、短辺側ａ＋ｂの二辺５０００ｍｍ長の範囲に８００ｍｍ長の耐力壁が一つ必要となる場合、ａの範囲では１８００ｍｍ巾（いわゆる二間間口）の開口部が取れず、１８００ｍｍ巾以上の開口部は一つ（ｂ辺側）しか取れなかった。
あるいは、図９ロ）に示すように、三つの建物ユニット１，２，１を長辺側同士並べて、短辺側ａ＋ｂ＋ｃの三辺７５００ｍｍ長の範囲に８００ｍｍ長の耐力壁が二つ必要となる場合、やはり１８００ｍｍ巾以上の開口部は一つしか取れなかった。
【０００６】
この発明は、上述の従来技術の問題点を解消し、耐力壁パネルを立設しても、間口の位置や大きさに制約が少なく、間取りプランの自由度も上がるユニット建物を提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１記載の発明は、床パネルと、その床パネルの少なくとも一部の側縁に立設される壁パネルとが箱形に組み立てられた建物ユニットを隣接配置してなるユニット建物であって、前記床パネルの２５００ｍｍ以下の長さの側縁における前記壁パネルが立設されていない箇所が隣接するように配置された二つの建物ユニットの床パネルに股がって、巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁パネルが立設され、耐力壁パネルの各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされるとともに、上記建物ユニットに股がって立設される耐力壁パネルには、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に来る柱が各床パネル上にそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項２記載の発明は、床パネルと、その床パネルの少なくとも一部の側縁に立設される壁パネルとが箱形に組み立てられた建物ユニットを隣接配置してなるユニット建物であって、三つの建物ユニットが長辺側同士で並べられ、前記床パネルの２５００ｍｍ以下の長さの側縁における前記壁パネルが立設されていない箇所が隣接するように配置された相隣り合う床パネルに股がって、巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁パネルが二つ立設され、耐力壁パネルの各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされるとともに、上記建物ユニットに股がって立設される耐力壁パネルには、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に来る柱が各床パネル上にそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする。
【０００９】
請求項３記載の発明は、床パネルと、その床パネルの少なくとも一部の側縁に立設される壁パネルとが箱形に組み立てられた建物ユニットを隣接配置してなるユニット建物であって、前記床パネルの２５００ｍｍ以下の長さの側縁における前記壁パネルが立設されていない箇所が隣接するように配置された二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルの前記壁パネルが立設されていない箇所に、巾７００ｍｍ未満の壁枠組みが立設され、壁枠組みの合計長さは８００ｍｍ以上とされ、二つの壁枠組みに面材が渡貼りされて耐力壁となされるとともに、上記二つの壁枠組みには、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に来る柱が各床パネル上にそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
請求項４記載の発明は、床パネルと、その床パネルの少なくとも一部の側縁に立設される壁パネルとが箱形に組み立てられた建物ユニットを隣接配置してなるユニット建物であって、前記床パネルの２５００ｍｍ以下の長さの側縁における前記壁パネルが立設されていない箇所が隣接するように配置された二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルの前記壁パネルが立設されていない箇所に、巾７００ｍｍ未満の耐力壁パネルが立設され、耐力壁パネルの合計長さは８００ｍｍ以上とされ、二つの耐力壁パネルの縦枠同士がスペーサーを介して接合されるとともに、上記耐力壁パネルには、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に来る柱が各床パネル上にそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
請求項５記載の発明は、床パネルと、その床パネルの少なくとも一部の側縁に立設される壁パネルとが箱形に組み立てられた建物ユニットを隣接配置してなるユニット建物であって、前記床パネルの２５００ｍｍ以下の長さの側縁が一列になるように隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに股がって壁パネルが立設され、該壁パネルには上記床パネルに股がる領域に巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁が一体化され、該耐力壁の各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされているとともに、上記耐力壁には、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に来る柱が各床パネル上にそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
そして、本発明は、上記のいずれかに記載のユニット建物であって、上記建物ユニットに股がって立設される耐力壁パネルには、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に来る柱が各床パネル上にそれぞれ設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
（作用）
請求項１記載のユニット建物は、二つの建物ユニットの床パネルに股がって、巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁パネルが立設され、耐力壁パネルの各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされているから、例えば、建物ユニットの短辺側の長さが２５００ｍｍ長の場合、二つを隣接配置して合計５０００ｍｍ長の間に、巾１８００ｍｍ以上の開口部を二つ設けることができる。
【００１５】
請求項２記載のユニット建物は、三つの建物ユニットが長辺側同士で並べられ、相隣り合う床パネルに股がって、巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁パネルが二つ立設され、耐力壁パネルの各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされているから、例えば、建物ユニットの短辺側の長さが２５００ｍｍ長の場合、三つを隣接配置して合計７５００ｍｍ長の間に、巾１８００ｍｍ以上の開口部を二つ設けることができる。
【００１６】
請求項３記載のユニット建物は、隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに、巾７００ｍｍ未満の壁枠組みが立設され、壁枠組みの合計長さは８００ｍｍ以上とされ、工場付けされた二つの壁枠組みに、現地で面材が渡貼りされて耐力壁となされるから、現地施工工数が少なくて済み、壁内配線を床ともつないだ状態で工場付けできる。
【００１７】
請求項４記載のユニット建物は、隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに、巾７００ｍｍ未満の耐力壁パネルが立設され、耐力壁パネルの合計長さは８００ｍｍ以上とされ、工場付けされた二つの耐力壁パネルの縦枠の間に、現地でスペーサーを介して接合されて耐力壁となされるから、現地施工工数が少なくて済み、壁内配線を床ともつないだ状態で工場付けできるし、内面材を渡し貼りにすればさらに耐力壁の強度が上がる。
【００１８】
請求項５記載のユニット建物は、隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに股がって壁パネルが立設され、該壁パネルには上記床パネルに股がる領域に巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁が一体化されているから、ユニット建物の強度が上がる。また、プラン上の自由度が上がる。さらに、壁パネル全体の仕上げ（塗装、クロス貼り、建具取付け）が工場で行うことができ、内外装が一体的になされ美麗に仕上がる。また、現地施工工数も少なくて済む。
【００２０】
そして、本発明のユニット建物は、上記建物ユニットに股がって立設される耐力壁パネルには、その上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に柱が設けられているので、屋根等の上部構造体の荷重を、耐力壁を構成する柱で受け、下階居室ユニットや基礎等に分散でき、ユニット建物の構造強度に優れる。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の一実施例であるユニット建物を説明する斜視図、図２（イ）は開口部を含む部分の壁が立設されたコの字壁状の建物ユニットの斜視図、図２（ロ）は開口部を含む部分の壁が立設された二の字壁状の建物ユニットの斜視図、図３（イ）は建物ユニットを二つ隣接配置した平面図、図３（ロ）は耐力壁を立設する状況を示す斜視図、図４（イ）は建物ユニットを三つ隣接配置した平面図、図４（ロ）は耐力壁を立設する状況を示す斜視図、図５（イ）は建物ユニットを三つ隣接配置した平面図、図５（ロ）は耐力壁を立設する状況を示す斜視図、図６は壁パネル同士を接合して、耐力壁とする状況を示す斜視図である。図７（イ）は開口部と耐力壁一体型壁パネルを立設する状況を示す斜視図、（ロ）はその平面図、図８（イ）は開口部と耐力壁一体型壁パネルと屋根ユニットを立設する状況を示す斜視図、（ロ）はその開口部と耐力壁一体型壁パネルの枠組み割付図である。
【００２２】
図１において、ユニット建物Ｕは、箱形状でコの字壁状の建物ユニット１と、二の字壁状の建物ユニット２と、屋根ユニット８とによって、基礎９の上に３階建てに組み立てられている。
【００２３】
コの字壁状の建物ユニット１は、図２（イ）に示すように、床パネル１１の二つの側縁に耐力壁パネル１２，１３が立設されている。耐力壁パネル１２に相対向する床パネル１１の側縁には開口部１５付きで側部１６の部分が無い壁パネル１４が立設されている。
【００２４】
二の字壁状の建物ユニット２は、図２（ロ）に示すように、床パネル２１の相対向する２つの側縁にそれぞれに耐力壁パネル２２と、開口部２４付きで両側２５，２５の部分が無い壁パネル２３が立設されている。
【００２５】
（実施例１）
図３（イ）は建物ユニット１，１を隣接配置したユニット建物の平面図であり、耐力壁１２，１２に相対向する側縁に開口部１５付き壁パネル１４，１４が立設されている。
建物ユニット１の巾は２５００ｍｍであり、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４の巾は２１００ｍｍであり、４００ｍｍユニット巾より短くなされている。しかし、開口部１５の巾は１８００ｍｍあり、いわゆる二間間口の開口を有している。
そして、図３（ロ）に示すように、二つの床パネル１１（接合長さ４００ｍｍ），１１（接合長さ４００ｍｍ）に股がって、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４，１４の間に合計８００ｍｍの耐力壁パネル３を立設し、耐力壁パネル３の枠組み３１の下端と床パネル１１とは釘打ちされて緊結され、さらに、両側の開口部１５付き壁パネル１４，１４の上端部とが頭つなぎ材（ジョイントプレート）４で連結されている。
すなわち、二つの建物ユニットを並べて、８００ｍｍ巾以上の耐力壁が設けられても１８００ｍｍ巾以上の開口部を二箇所取ることができる。
【００２６】
（実施例２）
図４（イ）は建物ユニット１，２，１を隣接配置したユニット建物の平面図であり、耐力壁１２，２２，１２に相対向する側縁に開口部１５付き壁パネル１４，開口部２４付き壁パネル２３，開口部１５付き壁パネル１４が立設されている。
建物ユニット１の巾、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４の巾、及び開口部１５の巾は実施例１と同様である。また、建物ユニット２の巾は２５００ｍｍであり、開口部２４付き壁パネル２３の巾は１７００ｍｍであり、両側をそれぞれ４００ｍｍづつ合計８００ｍｍユニット巾より短くなされている。そのため開口部２４の巾は１３５０ｍｍであり、１．５間間口のやや狭い開口を有している。
そして、二つの床パネル１１（接合長さ４００ｍｍ），２１（接合長さ４００ｍｍ）及び２１（接合長さ４００ｍｍ），１１（接合長さ４００ｍｍ）にそれぞれ股がって、８００ｍｍの耐力壁パネル３，３を立設し、図４（ロ）に示すように、耐力壁パネル３の枠組み３１の下端と床パネル１１とは釘打ちされて緊結され、さらに、両側の開口部２４付き壁パネル２３、及び開口部１５付き壁パネル１４の上端部とがそれぞれ頭つなぎ材（ジョイントプレート）４で連結されている。
すなわち、三つの建物ユニットを並べて、８００ｍｍ巾以上の耐力壁が二つ設けられても１８００ｍｍ巾以上の開口部を二箇所設けることができる。
【００２７】
（実施例３）
図５（イ）は建物ユニット１，２，１を隣接配置したユニット建物の平面図であり、耐力壁１２，２２，１２に相対向する側縁に開口部１５付き壁パネル１４，開口部２４付き壁パネル２３，開口部１５付き壁パネル１４が立設されている。また、耐力壁パネル３Ａ用の枠組み３２Ａが、建物ユニット１，１にそれぞれ一箇所、建物ユニット２に二箇所，予め工場で立設されている。
建物ユニット１，２の巾、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４の巾、及び開口部２４付き壁パネル２３の巾、開口部１５の巾、及び２４の巾は実施例２と同様である。また、耐力壁パネル３Ａ用の枠組み３２Ａの巾は４００ｍｍであり、枠組み３２Ａを二つ合わせて８００ｍｍ巾となし、渡し貼り面材３１Ａを貼設して耐力壁３Ａとする。
そして、二つの床パネル１１，２１及び２１，１１にそれぞれ立設された４００ｍｍ巾の枠組み３２Ａ，３２Ａに、屋外側より、図５（ロ）に示すように、硬質木片セメント板の渡し貼り面材３１Ａが釘打ちされて貼設され、さらに、両側の開口部２４付き壁パネル２３、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４、及び枠組み３２Ａ，３２Ａの上端部とがそれぞれ頭つなぎ材（ジョイントプレート）４で連結されている。
すなわち、三つの建物ユニットを並べて、８００ｍｍ巾以上の耐力壁が二つ設けられても１８００ｍｍ巾以上の開口部を二箇所設けることができる。
【００２８】
（実施例４）
図６は建物ユニット１，１を隣接配置したユニット建物の斜視図であり、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４，１４の間に耐力壁３Ｂ用の枠組み３２Ｂ，３２Ｂが予め工場で立設され、また、外壁面材３１Ｂ，３１Ｂも予め貼設されている。
建物ユニット１の巾、開口部１５付き壁パネル１４の巾、開口部１５の巾実施例２と同様である。また、耐力壁パネル３Ｂ用の枠組み３２Ｂの巾は４００ｍｍであり、枠組み３２Ｂを二つ合わせて８００ｍｍ巾となし、耐力壁３Ｂとする。
すなわち、二つの床パネル１１，１１にそれぞれ立設された４００ｍｍ巾の枠組み３２Ｂ，３２Ｂに、屋内側より、図５（ロ）に示すように、構造用合板からなるスペーサー５を介して縦枠３２１Ｂ，３２１Ｂを貫通するボルト６，６により連結されて耐力壁３Ｂが設けられる。その後耐力壁３Ｂに内壁面材（不図示）を貼るが、渡し貼りにすれば、さらに耐力壁３Ｂの強度が上がるので好ましい。
【００２９】
（実施例５）
図７（イ）は建物ユニット１，１を隣接配置したユニット建物の斜視図であり、連続する建物ユニット１の短辺側の巾２５００ｍｍ×２＝５０００ｍｍ巾の開口に、１８００ｍｍの開口部１５Ｃを２箇所有し、その間に８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁３Ｃを有し一体になされた、全長５０００ｍｍの壁パネル１０Ｃを現地にて立設する。
図７（ロ）の平面図に示すように、壁パネル１０Ｃは二つの開口部１５Ｃと一体で、且つ耐力壁３Ｃが建物ユニット１，１の床パネル１１，１１に股がって立設されているのでユニット建物の強度が上がる。
壁パネル１０Ｃは工場で内部外部の仕上げ（塗装、クロス貼り、建具取付け）られているので、現地では壁パネル１０Ｃを立設し、ボルト等による締結及び接合部の仕上げのみで完成するので、現地施工工数が少なくてすみ、また美麗に仕上がる。
【００３０】
（実施例６）
図８（イ）は建物ユニット１，１を隣接配置したユニット建物の斜視図であり、連続する建物ユニット１の短辺側の開口に、開口部１５Ｄを２箇所有し、その間に８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁３Ｄを有し一体になされた壁パネル１０Ｄを現地にて立設する。
次いで屋根ユニット８Ａ，８Ｂをそれぞれの屋根トラス８１，８１端部の縦材８１１，８１１が上記壁パネル１０Ｄの耐力壁３Ｄに設けられた柱３３Ｄ，３３Ｄの直上の同一鉛直線上に来るように設置する。
この柱３３Ｄは、枠材を３枚合わせにして、大きな圧縮力に耐えるようにしたものである。
図８（ロ）壁パネル１０Ｄの枠組み割付図に示すように、壁パネル１０Ｄは二つの開口部１５Ｄと一体で、且つ耐力壁３Ｄの中央部分に柱３３Ｄ，３３Ｄが立設され、この柱３３Ｄは、枠材を３枚合わせにして、大きな圧縮力に耐えるようにしたものである。その上に屋根ユニット８Ａ，８Ｂ端部の縦材８１１，８１１が載置されるので建物ユニット１，１の床パネル１１，１１や基礎（不図示）に屋根等の荷重を分散することができ、ユニット建物の強度が上がる。
壁パネル１０Ｄは工場で内部外部の仕上げ（塗装、クロス貼り、建具取付け）られているので、現地では壁パネル１０Ｄを立設し、ボルト等による締結及び接合部の仕上げのみで完成するので、現地施工工数が少なくてすみ、また美麗に仕上がる。
【００３１】
以上、本発明を実施例により説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等があっても本発明に含まれるのは勿論である。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
請求項１記載のユニット建物は、二つの建物ユニットの床パネルに股がって、巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁パネルが立設され、耐力壁パネルの各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされているから、例えば、建物ユニットの短辺側の長さが２５００ｍｍ長の場合、二つを隣接配置して合計５０００ｍｍ長の間に、巾１８００ｍｍ以上の開口部を二つ設けることができる。
【００３３】
請求項２記載のユニット建物は、三つの建物ユニットが長辺側同士で並べられ、相隣り合う床パネルに股がって、巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁パネルが二つ立設され、耐力壁パネルの各床パネルへの接合長さはそれぞれ７００ｍｍ未満とされているから、例えば、建物ユニットの短辺側の長さが２５００ｍｍ長の場合、三つを隣接配置して合計７５００ｍｍ長の間に、巾１８００ｍｍ以上の開口部を二つ設けることができる。
【００３４】
請求項３記載のユニット建物は、隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに、巾７００ｍｍ未満の壁枠組みが立設され、壁枠組みの合計長さは８００ｍｍ以上とされ、工場付けされた二つの壁枠組みに、現地で面材が渡貼りされて耐力壁となされるから、現地施工工数が少なくて済み、壁内配線を床ともつないだ状態で工場付けできる。
【００３５】
請求項４記載のユニット建物は、隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに、巾７００ｍｍ未満の耐力壁パネルが立設され、耐力壁パネルの合計長さは８００ｍｍ以上とされ、工場付けされた二つの耐力壁パネルの縦枠の間に、現地でスペーサーを介して接合されて耐力壁となされるから、現地施工工数が少なくて済み、壁内配線を床ともつないだ状態で工場付けできるし、内面材を渡し貼りにすればさらに耐力壁の強度が上がる。
【００３６】
請求項５記載のユニット建物は、隣り合う二つの建物ユニットの各々の床パネルに股がって壁パネルが立設され、該壁パネルには上記床パネルに股がる領域に巾８００ｍｍ以上の耐力壁が一体化されているから、ユニット建物の強度が上がる。また、プラン上の自由度が上がる。さらに、壁パネル全体の仕上げ（塗装、クロス貼り、建具取付け）が工場で行うことができ、内外装が一体的になされ美麗に仕上がる。また、現地施工工数も少なくて済む。
【００３８】
そして、本発明のユニット建物は、上記建物ユニットに股がって立設される耐力壁パネルの柱とその上に載置される屋根ユニットのトラス端部と同一鉛直線上に柱が設けられているので、屋根等の上部構造体の荷重を、耐力壁を構成する柱で受け、下階居室ユニットや基礎等に分散でき、ユニット建物の構造強度に優れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例であるユニット建物を説明する斜視図である。
【図２】（イ）は開口部を含む部分の壁が立設されたコの字壁状の建物ユニットの斜視図、（ロ）は開口部を含む部分の壁が立設された二の字壁状の建物ユニットの斜視図である。
【図３】（イ）は建物ユニットを二つ隣接配置した平面図、（ロ）は耐力壁を立設する状況を示す斜視図である。
【図４】（イ）は建物ユニットを三つ隣接配置した平面図、（ロ）は耐力壁を立設する状況を示す斜視図である。
【図５】（イ）は建物ユニットを三つ隣接配置した平面図、（ロ）は耐力壁を立設する状況を示す斜視図である。
【図６】壁パネル同士を接合して、耐力壁とする状況を示す斜視図である。
【図７】（イ）は開口部と耐力壁一体型壁パネルを立設する状況を示す斜視図、（ロ）はその平面図である。
【図８】（イ）は開口部と耐力壁一体型壁パネルと屋根ユニットを立設する状況を示す斜視図、（ロ）はその開口部と耐力壁一体型壁パネルの枠組み割付図である。
【図９】イ），ロ）は従来の耐力壁の立設位置を示すユニット建物の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
１コの字壁状の建物ユニット
２二の字壁状の建物ユニット
３，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ，３Ｄ，１２，１３，２２耐力壁
４ジョイントプレート
８，８Ａ，８Ｂ屋根ユニット
１０Ｃ，１０Ｄ開口部付き耐力壁一体型壁パネル
１１，２１床パネル
１４，２３開口部付き壁パネル
１５，１５Ｃ，２４開口部
３１，３１Ａ，３１Ｂ面材
３２、３２Ａ，３２Ｂ枠組み[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a unit building composed of a plurality of box-shaped building units by a wall-type construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a unit building composed of a box-type building unit of a wall type construction method is known as described in JP-A-60-33958. This consists of building a plurality of box-shaped building units with wall panels erected on the floor panel and a roof unit joined to the top of each building unit in a single building. is there. This building unit is produced in advance at the factory.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, even in a wooden wall-type building, high-strength has been required for the building. However, in the unit building described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-33958, all the main walls (called load bearing walls) in terms of structural strength of the building are limited to the side edges of the floor panel of the building unit. It was erected.
[0004]
The bearing wall must have a width of at least 1/3 of the height. Since the height of the wall is 2400 mm or more from the living room height, the width is 800 mm or more.
In the conventional unit building, the load-bearing wall is provided for each building unit, and none of the units has a load-bearing wall formed by crotch.
[0005]
In addition, since the building unit needs to be transported from the factory to the site, the short side dimension of the building unit is less than 2500 mm. If 800 mm or more of the building unit is occupied by a load-bearing wall, the remainder becomes 1700 mm or less, and the opening There were restrictions on the position and size of the part.
For example, as shown in FIG. 9A), when two building units 1 and 1 are arranged side by side on the long side, and one 800 mm long bearing wall is required in the range of two sides 5000 mm long on the short side a + b, In the range of a, an opening having a width of 1800 mm (so-called two frontage) could not be taken, and only one opening (width b side) having a width of 1800 mm or more could be taken.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), three building units 1, 2 and 1 are arranged side by side on the long side, and two 800 mm long bearing walls are required in a range of 7500 mm long on the short side a + b + c. In this case, only one opening having a width of 1800 mm or more could be taken.
[0006]
The present invention provides a unit building that solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and that has less restrictions on the position and size of the frontage and increases the degree of freedom of the floor plan even when the load-bearing wall panel is erected. Objective.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a unit building in which a building unit in which a floor panel and a wall panel standing on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel are assembled in a box shape is arranged adjacently. The floor panel of two building units arranged so that the portion where the wall panel is not erected at the side edge of the floor panel having a length of 2500 mm or less is adjacent to the floor panel, and has a width of 800 mm or more. wall panels is erected, Rutotomoni is less than each of the bonding length in the respective floor panels of bearing walls panels 700 mm, the bearing wall panel that is erected across the building unit, mounting thereon Columns that are on the same vertical line as the truss ends of the roof unit to be placed are provided on each floor panel .
[0008]
The invention according to claim 2 is a unit building comprising a building unit in which a floor panel and a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel are adjacently arranged in a box shape. The adjacent floor panels are arranged such that three building units are arranged on the long side and the portions where the wall panels are not erected on the side edges of the floor panel having a length of 2500 mm or less are adjacent to each other. the straddling, width 800mm or more bearing wall panel is two upright, junction lengths of the respective floor panels bearing wall panels are respectively less than 700mm Rutotomoni, standing across the building unit The load-bearing wall panel to be provided is provided with columns on each floor panel that are on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 3 is a unit building in which a building unit in which a floor panel and a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel are assembled in a box shape is arranged adjacently. The wall panels of the floor panels of each of the two building units are arranged so that the portions where the wall panels are not erected on the side edge of the floor panel having a length of 2500 mm or less are adjacent to each other. if not places, is erected wall framework less than width 700 mm, the total length of the wall framework is the higher 800 mm, and two walls framework surface material is halide made and bearing wall Rutotomoni, the two walls The frame is characterized in that each floor panel is provided with a pillar that is on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 4 is a unit building in which a building unit in which a floor panel and a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel are assembled in a box shape is arranged adjacently. The wall panels of the floor panels of each of the two building units are arranged so that the portions where the wall panels are not erected on the side edge of the floor panel having a length of 2500 mm or less are adjacent to each other. if not places, bearing wall panels less than width 700mm is erected, the total length of the bearing wall panel is greater than or equal to 800 mm, the vertical frame between the two bearing wall panels are joined via a spacer Rutotomoni, the yield strength The wall panel is characterized in that a pillar that is on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon is provided on each floor panel .
[0011]
The invention according to claim 5 is a unit building comprising a building unit in which a floor panel and a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel are adjacently arranged in a box shape. A wall panel is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units so that side edges of a length of 2500 mm or less of the floor panel are in a line, and the floor panel includes the floor panel. A bearing wall having a width of 800 mm or more is integrated in the region where the crotch is crushed , the joining length of each of the bearing walls to each floor panel is less than 700 mm, and the load bearing wall is placed thereon. Columns that are on the same vertical line as the truss ends of the roof unit are provided on each floor panel .
[0013]
And this invention is a unit building in any one of the above, Comprising: In the load-bearing wall panel standing by crotch on the said building unit, the truss edge part of the roof unit mounted on it wherein the pillars come on the same vertical line are provided on each floor panels and.
[0014]
(Function)
The unit building according to claim 1 is crotched between the floor panels of the two building units, and a load-bearing wall panel having a width of 800 mm or more is erected, and the joint length of the load-bearing wall panel to each floor panel is less than 700 mm. Therefore, for example, when the length of the short side of the building unit is 2500 mm long, two openings can be provided adjacent to each other and a total of 5000 mm long can be provided with a width of 1800 mm or more. .
[0015]
In the unit building according to claim 2, three building units are arranged side by side on the long side, crotch on adjacent floor panels, and two load-bearing wall panels having a width of 800 mm or more are erected. For example, when the length of the short side of the building unit is 2500 mm long, the three are adjacently arranged and the total length is 7500 mm. Two openings having a width of 1800 mm or more can be provided.
[0016]
In the unit building according to claim 3, a wall frame having a width of less than 700 mm is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units, and the total length of the wall frame is set to be 800 mm or more, and is installed at the factory. Since surface materials are handed over to the two wall frames to create a load-bearing wall, the number of on-site work is reduced, and it is possible to attach the factory without connecting the wiring in the wall to the floor.
[0017]
In the unit building according to claim 4, a load-bearing wall panel having a width of less than 700 mm is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units, and the total length of the load-bearing wall panels is 800 mm or more, and is attached to the factory. In addition, since the two frame walls are joined to each other via a spacer to form a load-bearing wall, the number of on-site installations can be reduced and the wall wiring can be installed in the factory without a floor. However, if the inner surface material is handed and pasted, the strength of the bearing wall is further increased.
[0018]
In the unit building according to claim 5, a wall panel is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units, and the wall panel has a width of 800 mm or more in a region where the floor panel is crotched. Since the bearing walls are integrated, the strength of the unit building is increased. In addition, the degree of freedom on the plan will increase. In addition, finishing of the entire wall panel (painting, cloth pasting, fitting attachment) can be done at the factory, and the interior and exterior are integrated and finished beautifully. In addition, the number of local construction man-hours can be reduced.
[0020]
In the unit building of the present invention, the load-bearing wall panel that is erected on the building unit is provided with a column on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon. Therefore, the load of the upper structure such as the roof can be received by the pillars constituting the bearing wall, and can be distributed to the lower-floor room units and foundations, and the structural strength of the unit building is excellent.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a unit building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a U-shaped building unit in which a wall of a portion including an opening is erected. 2 (b) is a perspective view of a two-walled building unit in which the wall of the part including the opening is erected, FIG. 3 (a) is a plan view in which two building units are arranged adjacent to each other, and FIG. ) Is a perspective view showing a situation where a bearing wall is erected, FIG. 4A is a plan view in which three building units are arranged adjacent to each other, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing a situation where a bearing wall is erected. 5 (a) is a plan view in which three building units are arranged adjacent to each other, FIG. 5 (b) is a perspective view showing a situation in which a bearing wall is erected, and FIG. 6 is a situation in which wall panels are joined to form a bearing wall. FIG. FIG. 7 (a) is a perspective view showing a situation in which an opening and a load-bearing wall-integrated wall panel are erected, (B) is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 8 (A) is an opening, a load-bearing wall-integrated wall panel and a roof. The perspective view which shows the condition which installs a unit, (b) is the frame allocation figure of the opening part and a load-bearing-wall-integrated wall panel.
[0022]
In FIG. 1, the unit building U is assembled in a three-story structure on a foundation 9 by a box-shaped building unit 1 having a U-shaped wall shape, a building unit 2 having a U-shaped wall shape, and a roof unit 8. It has been.
[0023]
In the U-shaped wall-shaped building unit 1, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), load bearing wall panels 12 and 13 are erected on two side edges of the floor panel 11. On the side edge of the floor panel 11 facing the load-bearing wall panel 12, a wall panel 14 having an opening 15 and having no side portion 16 is erected.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the two-shaped wall-shaped building unit 2 has a load-bearing wall panel 22 and an opening 24 on each of two opposite side edges of the floor panel 21, and both sides 25, 25. A wall panel 23 having no portion is erected.
[0025]
(Example 1)
FIG. 3A is a plan view of a unit building in which the building units 1 and 1 are arranged adjacent to each other, and wall panels 14 and 14 with openings 15 are erected on side edges opposite to the bearing walls 12 and 12. .
The width of the building unit 1 is 2500 mm, and the width of the wall panel 14 with the opening 15 is 2100 mm, which is shorter than the 400 mm unit width. However, the width of the opening 15 is 1800 mm and has a so-called two-hole opening.
Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the two floor panels 11 (joint length 400 mm) and 11 (joint length 400 mm) are crotched, and the total is between the wall panels 14 and 14 with the opening 15. The 800 mm load-bearing wall panel 3 is erected, the lower end of the frame 31 of the load-bearing wall panel 3 and the floor panel 11 are nailed and fastened, and the upper ends of the wall panels 14 and 14 with the openings 15 on both sides Are connected by a head connecting material (joint plate) 4.
In other words, even if two building units are arranged side by side and a bearing wall with a width of 800 mm or more is provided, two openings with a width of 1800 mm or more can be taken.
[0026]
(Example 2)
FIG. 4A is a plan view of a unit building in which the building units 1, 2 and 1 are arranged adjacent to each other. The side panel opposite to the bearing walls 12, 22, 12 has a wall panel 14 with an opening 15 and an opening 24. A wall panel 23 with a wall and a wall panel 14 with an opening 15 are erected.
The width of the building unit 1, the width of the wall panel 14 with the opening 15, and the width of the opening 15 are the same as in the first embodiment. Moreover, the width of the building unit 2 is 2500 mm, the width of the wall panel 23 with the opening 24 is 1700 mm, and each side is shorter than the total 800 mm unit width by 400 mm. Therefore, the width of the opening 24 is 1350 mm, and has a slightly narrow opening with a frontage of 1.5.
Then, the two floor panels 11 (joint length 400 mm), 21 (joint length 400 mm) and 21 (joint length 400 mm), 11 (joint length 400 mm) are crotched, and the 800 mm load-bearing wall panel 3 , 3 are erected, and as shown in FIG. 4B, the lower end of the frame 31 of the load-bearing wall panel 3 and the floor panel 11 are nailed and fastened together, and the wall panel 23 with openings 24 on both sides. And the upper end part of the wall panel 14 with the opening part 15 is connected with the head joint material (joint plate) 4, respectively.
That is, even if two bearing walls with a width of 800 mm or more are provided side by side with three building units, two openings with a width of 1800 mm or more can be provided.
[0027]
(Example 3)
FIG. 5A is a plan view of a unit building in which the building units 1, 2, 1 are arranged adjacent to each other. The side panel opposite to the bearing walls 12, 22, 12 has a wall panel 14 with an opening 15 and an opening 24. A wall panel 23 with a wall and a wall panel 14 with an opening 15 are erected. Further, the frame 32A for the load-bearing wall panel 3A is erected in advance at the factory, one at each of the building units 1 and 1 and two at the building unit 2.
The width of the building units 1 and 2, the width of the wall panel 14 with the opening 15, the width of the wall panel 23 with the opening 24, the width of the opening 15, and the width of 24 are the same as in the second embodiment. Further, the width of the frame 32A for the load-bearing wall panel 3A is 400 mm, and the two frames 32A are combined to form a width of 800 mm.
And, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), 400mm wide frameworks 32A and 32A erected on the two floor panels 11, 21 and 21 and 11, respectively, as shown in FIG. The material 31A is nailed and pasted, and the wall panel 23 with the opening 24 on both sides, the wall panel 14 with the opening 15 and the upper ends of the frames 32A and 32A are respectively connected to the head (joint plate) 4 It is connected with.
That is, even if two bearing walls with a width of 800 mm or more are provided side by side with three building units, two openings with a width of 1800 mm or more can be provided.
[0028]
Example 4
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a unit building in which the building units 1 and 1 are arranged adjacent to each other. The frames 32B and 32B for the load bearing wall 3B are erected in advance at the factory between the wall panels 14 and 14 with the openings 15. The outer wall materials 31B and 31B are also pasted in advance.
The width of the building unit 1, the width of the wall panel 14 with the opening 15, and the width of the opening 15 are the same as in the second embodiment. Further, the width of the frame 32B for the load-bearing wall panel 3B is 400 mm, and the two frames 32B are combined to form a width of 800 mm to be the load-bearing wall 3B.
That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), a vertical frame is attached to 400mm wide frames 32B and 32B standing on the two floor panels 11 and 11 from the indoor side via spacers 5 made of structural plywood. The bearing walls 3B are provided by being connected by bolts 6 and 6 that pass through 321B and 321B. After that, an inner wall surface material (not shown) is pasted on the load bearing wall 3B. However, it is preferable to use a pasting because the strength of the load bearing wall 3B is further increased.
[0029]
(Example 5)
FIG. 7 (a) is a perspective view of a unit building in which the building units 1 and 1 are arranged adjacent to each other, and an opening 15C of 1800 mm is formed in an opening having a width of 2500 mm × 2 = 5000 mm on the short side of the continuous building unit 1. A wall panel 10C having a total length of 5000 mm, which has two places and has a load-bearing wall 3C of 800 mm or more between them and is integrally formed, is erected on site.
As shown in the plan view of FIG. 7B, the wall panel 10C is integrated with the two openings 15C, and the load-bearing wall 3C is erected on the floor panels 11, 11 of the building units 1, 1. As a result, the strength of the unit building increases.
Since the wall panel 10C is finished inside and outside (painting, cloth pasting, fitting attachment) at the factory, the wall panel 10C is erected at the site, and is completed only by fastening with bolts and finishing the joint. The construction man-hours can be reduced, and the finish will be beautiful.
[0030]
(Example 6)
FIG. 8 (a) is a perspective view of a unit building in which the building units 1 and 1 are arranged adjacent to each other. The opening 15D has two openings 15D in the opening on the short side of the continuous building unit 1, and the distance between them is 800 mm or more. A wall panel 10D having a load bearing wall 3D and being integrally formed is erected on site.
Next, the roof units 8A and 8B are installed so that the vertical members 811 and 811 at the ends of the roof trusses 81 and 81 are on the same vertical line directly above the columns 33D and 33D provided on the load-bearing wall 3D of the wall panel 10D. To do.
This column 33D is formed by combining three frame members to withstand a large compressive force.
As shown in FIG. 8B, the wall panel 10D is a frame layout diagram. The wall panel 10D is integrated with the two openings 15D, and columns 33D and 33D are erected at the center of the bearing wall 3D. Is a combination of three frame materials so as to withstand a large compressive force. Since the vertical members 811 and 811 at the ends of the roof units 8A and 8B are placed thereon, the load of the roof and the like can be distributed to the floor panels 11 and 11 and the foundation (not shown) of the building units 1 and 1. , Increase the strength of the unit building.
Since the wall panel 10D is finished inside and outside (painting, cloth pasting, fitting attachment) at the factory, the wall panel 10D is erected at the site, and is completed only by fastening with bolts and finishing the joints. The construction man-hours can be reduced, and the finish will be beautiful.
[0031]
The present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is needless to say that the present invention includes any design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention. It is.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The unit building according to claim 1 is crotched between the floor panels of the two building units, and a load-bearing wall panel having a width of 800 mm or more is erected, and the joint length of the load-bearing wall panel to each floor panel is less than 700 mm. Therefore, for example, when the length of the short side of the building unit is 2500 mm long, two openings can be provided adjacent to each other and a total of 5000 mm long can be provided with a width of 1800 mm or more. .
[0033]
In the unit building according to claim 2, three building units are arranged side by side on the long side, crotch on adjacent floor panels, and two load-bearing wall panels having a width of 800 mm or more are erected. For example, when the length of the short side of the building unit is 2500 mm long, the three are adjacently arranged and the total length is 7500 mm. Two openings having a width of 1800 mm or more can be provided.
[0034]
In the unit building according to claim 3, a wall frame having a width of less than 700 mm is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units, and the total length of the wall frame is set to be 800 mm or more, and is installed at the factory. Since surface materials are handed over to the two wall frames to create a load-bearing wall, the number of on-site work is reduced, and it is possible to attach the factory without connecting the wiring in the wall to the floor.
[0035]
In the unit building according to claim 4, a load-bearing wall panel having a width of less than 700 mm is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units, and the total length of the load-bearing wall panels is 800 mm or more, and is attached to the factory. In addition, since the two frame walls are joined to each other via a spacer to form a load-bearing wall, the number of on-site installations can be reduced and the wall wiring can be installed in the factory without a floor. However, if the inner surface material is handed and pasted, the strength of the bearing wall is further increased.
[0036]
In the unit building according to claim 5, a wall panel is erected on each floor panel of two adjacent building units, and the wall panel has a width of 800 mm or more in a region where the floor panel is crotched. Since the bearing walls are integrated, the strength of the unit building is increased. In addition, the degree of freedom on the plan will increase. In addition, finishing of the entire wall panel (painting, cloth pasting, fitting attachment) can be done at the factory, and the interior and exterior are integrated and finished beautifully. In addition, the number of local construction man-hours can be reduced.
[0038]
And the unit building of this invention is provided with a pillar on the same vertical line as the pillar of the load-bearing wall panel erected on the building unit and the truss end of the roof unit placed on it. Therefore, the load of the upper structure such as the roof can be received by the pillars constituting the bearing wall, and can be distributed to the lower-floor room units and foundations, and the structural strength of the unit building is excellent.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a unit building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a perspective view of a U-shaped wall-like building unit in which a wall of a portion including an opening is erected, and FIG. 2B is a second view in which a wall of a portion including the opening is erected. It is a perspective view of a character-wall-shaped building unit.
3A is a plan view in which two building units are arranged adjacent to each other, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view illustrating a situation in which a bearing wall is erected.
4A is a plan view in which three building units are arranged adjacent to each other, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view illustrating a situation in which a bearing wall is erected.
5A is a plan view in which three building units are arranged adjacent to each other, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view illustrating a situation in which a bearing wall is erected.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a situation where wall panels are joined together to form a load-bearing wall.
7A is a perspective view showing a situation where an opening and a load-bearing wall-integrated wall panel are erected, and FIG. 7B is a plan view thereof.
8A is a perspective view showing a state in which an opening, a load-bearing wall integrated wall panel, and a roof unit are erected, and FIG. 8B is a frame layout diagram of the opening and the load-bearing wall integrated wall panel. .
FIGS. 9A and 9B are plan views of a unit building showing a conventional standing position of a load bearing wall.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 B-shaped building unit 2 B-shaped building unit 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 12, 13, 22 Bearing wall 4 Joint plate 8, 8A, 8B Roof unit 10C, 10D Opening Load-bearing wall-integrated wall panels 11, 21 Floor panels 14, 23 Wall panels with openings 15, 15C, 24 Openings 31, 31A, 31B Face members 32, 32A, 32B Framework

Claims

A unit building in which a floor unit and a building unit in which a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel is assembled in a box shape are arranged adjacent to each other, and is less than 2500 mm of the floor panel. A load-bearing wall panel with a width of 800 mm or more is erected on the floor panel of two building units arranged so that the portions where the wall panel is not erected on the side edge of the length are adjacent to each other. The joining length of each wall panel to each floor panel is less than 700 mm,
The load-bearing wall panels that are erected on the building unit are provided with columns on each floor panel that are on the same vertical line as the truss edge of the roof unit placed on it. A unit building characterized by

A unit building in which a building unit in which a floor panel and a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel are assembled in a box shape is arranged adjacent to each other, and the three building units have long sides. Crawling on adjacent floor panels arranged side by side and arranged so that the wall panels at the side edges of the floor panel having a length of 2500 mm or less are not erected, and have a width of 800 mm The two load-bearing wall panels described above are erected, and the joint length of each load-bearing wall panel to each floor panel is less than 700 mm.
The load-bearing wall panels that are erected on the building unit are provided with columns on each floor panel that are on the same vertical line as the truss edge of the roof unit placed on it. A unit building characterized by

A unit building in which a floor unit and a building unit in which a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel is assembled in a box shape are arranged adjacent to each other, and is less than 2500 mm of the floor panel. A width of less than 700 mm is provided at a portion of the floor panel of each of the two building units arranged so that the portion where the wall panel is not erected on the side edge of the length is adjacent to the portion where the wall panel is not erected . A wall frame is erected, the total length of the wall frame is 800 mm or more, and a face material is handed over the two wall frames to form a bearing wall.
A unit building characterized in that the two wall frames are provided on each floor panel with columns that are on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon.

A unit building in which a floor unit and a building unit in which a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel is assembled in a box shape are arranged adjacent to each other, and is less than 2500 mm of the floor panel. A width of less than 700 mm is provided at a portion of the floor panel of each of the two building units arranged so that the portion where the wall panel is not erected on the side edge of the length is adjacent to the portion where the wall panel is not erected . The load-bearing wall panels are erected, the total length of the load-bearing wall panels is 800 mm or more, and the vertical frames of the two load-bearing wall panels are joined together via a spacer,
A unit building characterized in that the load-bearing wall panel is provided with columns on each floor panel that are on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon.

A unit building in which a floor unit and a building unit in which a wall panel erected on at least a part of a side edge of the floor panel is assembled in a box shape are arranged adjacent to each other, and is less than 2500 mm of the floor panel. A wall panel is erected on each floor panel of two building units adjacent to each other so that the side edges of the length are in a row, and the wall panel has a width of 800 mm in a region where the floor panel is crotched. The above load-bearing walls are integrated , and the joint length of each load-bearing wall to each floor panel is less than 700 mm, respectively .
A unit building characterized in that the load-bearing wall is provided with columns on each floor panel that are on the same vertical line as the truss end of the roof unit placed thereon.