JP2000158185A - Manufacture of welding wire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a welding wire to prevent occurrence of fume, scale, soot, and the like. SOLUTION: An antifriction alloy billet 101 such as a white metal is cold extrusion molded while using a super hard extrusion die 103 mainly composed of tungsten, so as to form a welding wire 106. A dimethyl silicone oil having a dimethyl siloxane structure at a range of 100-10,000 viscosity [25 deg.C, mm2/ s(cSt)] is used as a lubricant. The welding wire 106 extruded from the super hard extrusion die is wound around a bobbin 105 without performing a draw processing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a welding wire, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a welding wire in which a lubricant hardly remains on a surface portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Anti-friction alloys such as white metal are alloys having high wear resistance. This metal is widely used for parts requiring high wear resistance, such as bearings and print.
Here, methods for casting a part using a lubricating alloy such as white metal include a pouring method (occasional method) and a centrifugal casting method.

[0003] The pouring method is a method in which a dovetail groove is formed on the surface of a plate, and a molten anti-friction alloy is poured into the dovetail groove (casting). In this method, since the target anti-friction alloy layer becomes thicker, machining for finishing the surface is required to be smooth, which takes a lot of man-hours and time, and furthermore, there is a problem that "cavities" which are casting defects are generated. And the product yield is poor.

[0004] The centrifugal casting method is a method of casting an anti-friction alloy on the inner surface of a cylindrical structure using centrifugal force. First, the surface of the structure is machined, tinned, and then cast. Therefore, equipment having a size corresponding to the structure is required, and cost and time are required for machining.

Therefore, for example, it has been studied to form a bearing surface portion of a bearing by overlay welding of white metal.
If white metal can be overlay-welded using an automatic TIG welding machine, large equipment will not be required, and furthermore, it will be possible to shorten the processing time and reduce the number of workers, thereby achieving a significant cost reduction for the end user. .

In order to perform TIG welding, it is necessary to use white metal as a wire. Therefore, the inventor manufactured a white metal welding wire using existing wire manufacturing technology. In the case of manufacturing white metal welding wire with existing wire manufacturing technology, the first step is to extrude a wire thicker than the final finish dimension by extrusion, and then perform wire drawing using a wire drawing machine. The wire having a predetermined diameter is finished. More specifically, as shown in FIG.
The original wire slightly thicker than the target size was extruded from the die hole 13 by using mineral oil as a lubricant. Reference numeral 1 denotes a billet, and reference numeral 4 denotes a white metal welding wire.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, this original wire was passed through a die hole 15 of a plurality of drawing dies 14 of a wire drawing machine to obtain a white metal welding wire of a final finished size. When the original wire is drawn, it is necessary to use a lubricating oil containing a large amount of carbon and having a high viscosity because the deformation resistance of the drawing wire 14 is large. If such a lubricating oil is not used, the wire is torn off and broken each time the original wire passes through the wire drawing die 14, and if there is no lubricity, the original wire cannot pass through the die hole 15, resulting in wire drawing. The operation of the machine may be stopped. Reference numeral 5 denotes a bobbin for winding a completed welding white metal welding wire.

[0008]

However, when welding is performed using a white metal welding wire 4 manufactured by a conventional method, fumes, scales, soot, etc., bleed on the welding surface of the welded portion and its peripheral portion. Out, it was found that a good weld surface could not be formed. Fume, scale, soot, etc., oozing out on the surface portion cause delamination of the laminated portion of the welded portion or cause cracks in the welded portion to cause poor welding. Further, if the surface of the welded portion is stained black by soot or the like, there is a problem that the appearance of the welded portion is poor and the appearance of the product is impaired.

It was presumed that the cause of the occurrence of soot and the like was in the lubricating oil. Therefore, the lubricating oil for drawing attached to the surface of the finished product after the drawing was washed away using a hydrocarbon-based or alcohol-based solvent, and then further cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning. Was not able to be reduced to a level that would not cause a problem. The purpose of the present invention is
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a welding wire for a friction-reducing alloy such as white metal, which can suppress the generation of fumes, scale, soot, and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily manufacturing a wire made of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal for welding.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventor has studied why the generation of soot and the like cannot be suppressed even by cleaning. As a result, when extruding the original wire using the steel die 12, small and large scratches, cracks, etc. (hereinafter simply referred to as "scratch") formed on the surface of the original wire are stretched. The lubricating oil used in wire processing enters, and the lubricating oil that has entered the wound due to the drawing of the surface by the wire drawing die 14 is trapped in the surface of the wire, and the trapped lubricating oil causes soot and the like. I found that.

Therefore, in the method of manufacturing a welding wire according to the present invention, the welding wire is manufactured only by a step of forming a billet of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal into a wire by using a lubricant by a cold extrusion method. It was decided to. That is, in the present invention, wire drawing is not performed using a wire drawing die. In the specification of the present application, the term "anti-friction alloy such as white metal" refers to white metal or an alloy having wear resistance equivalent to the wear resistance of white metal. Means an alloy suitable for forming. Since the present invention does not wire drawing using a wire drawing die, lubricating oil for wire drawing used at the time of wire drawing,
It does not get into the wound made on the surface of the wire and get trapped inside the wire. Further, since the wire drawing is not performed, most of the lubricant that has entered the scratches on the surface of the wire can be removed by washing.

Therefore, when welding is performed using a welding wire made of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal manufactured by the method of the present invention, generation of fume, scale, soot, and the like can be suppressed as compared with the conventional case. As a lubricant used in cold extrusion, if a lubricant that hardly remains on the surface of the wire and most of the carbon becomes fume when heated is used, a cleaning step is not required thereafter. The generation of soot and the like can be significantly suppressed.

When directly extruding a welding wire made of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal having a final diameter dimension without performing wire drawing, a carbide extrusion die made of a cemented carbide is used. It is preferable to use this, and according to this, the number of scratches formed on the surface of the raw wire of the anti-friction alloy such as white metal extruded from the die hole of the carbide die is reduced. Therefore, the use of a carbide extrusion die can further suppress the occurrence of soot and the like.

[0014] A search was made for a cemented carbide material capable of minimizing the occurrence of scratches when extruding a billet of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal. It turned out to be. It was also found that dimethyl silicone oil having a dimethylsiloxane structure was preferable as the lubricant. Although this silicone oil contains carbon, the carbon content is very small, and only a small amount of carbon remains on the surface of the extruded wire. Diverged by fumes. Therefore, when this silicone oil is used, generation of fume, scale, soot, and the like during welding can be further suppressed.

The size of the billet used for cold extrusion,
It is necessary to appropriately select the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil depending on the alloy composition of the white metal, the final diameter of the wire, and the extrusion conditions (extrusion pressure, heating temperature) and the like. However, when the viscosity is 100 to 10,000 [25
° C, mm ² / s (cst)], it is possible to obtain a welding wire with less generation of fumes, scales, soot, etc. during welding without having to worry about various conditions.

According to experiments, when the viscosity of dimethyl silicone oil falls below 100 [25 ° C., mm ² / s (cst)], the lubricating effect tends to decrease. The viscosity is 10,000 [25 ° C., mm ² / s (cst)].
When the ratio exceeds the limit, the thickness of the dimethyl silicone oil remaining on the surface of the wire increases, and the generation of scale, soot, and the like increases. Therefore, if an optimum viscosity is selected in consideration of these tendencies and extrusion conditions, it is possible to minimize the occurrence of scale, soot, and the like.

Further, when the billet is heated to a temperature within a temperature range of 90 ° C. ± 30 ° C. and cold-extruded, not only the amount of scratches formed on the surface of the wire at the time of extrusion can be reduced, but also the extruding operation becomes difficult. It becomes smooth and the amount of lubricant remaining on the surface of the wire can be reduced. Therefore, when these heating conditions are used, it is possible to further suppress the generation of scale, soot, and the like.

The wire extruded by a cold extrusion method using a carbide extrusion die may be wound around a bobbin. When a wire is formed only by extrusion without going through a wire drawing process as in the present invention, a wire diameter error due to tension when the wire passes through a die is less likely to occur, and the finished dimensional accuracy of the wire is increased.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a method for manufacturing a welding white metal wire according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of an implementation facility used when a white metal welding wire is manufactured by the welding wire manufacturing method of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a cross-sectional view and a perspective view are shown in combination for easy understanding.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 denotes a cylindrical white metal billet, which is inserted into a cylindrical cylinder 102 of a cold extruder. At the front end of the cylinder 102, an extrusion die 103, which will be described in detail later, is arranged. The distal end of a piston 104 that pushes out the billet 101 is inserted into the rear opening of the cylinder 102. Sign 1
Reference numeral 05 denotes a bobbin for winding the white metal welding wire 106 extruded from the extrusion die 103 of the cold extruder.

The white metal as a raw material used for manufacturing the wire can be of various components. In this embodiment, white metal (3.0 to 8.5% of copper, 5.0 to 10.0% of antimony, and the balance substantially composed of tin and impurities (component range of Class I and Class II of JIS) Billet 1 using white metal belonging to
01 was formed. As the billet 101 prepared in this example, a billet having a diameter of about 74 mm and a length of about 25 cm was used.

In this example, a carbide extrusion die 103 was used as the extrusion die. The carbide extrusion die 103 is formed of a cemented carbide material containing tungsten carbide as a main component. Carbide extrusion die 1
03 has a diameter (4 m) substantially the same as the diameter of the wire of the final product.
m) has a die hole 103a. Note that in practice,
The structure is such that the carbide extrusion die 103 does not come out of the front end of the cylinder 102.

The billet 10 is provided inside the cylinder 102.
Before inserting 1, a lubricant is applied to the inner surface of the cylinder 102. In this example, the lubricant applied to the inner surface of the cylinder 102 of the extruder has a viscosity of 100 to 10,000 [2
A dimethyl silicone oil having a dimethylsiloxane structure in the range of 5 ° C., mm ² / s (cst)] was used. Although this silicone oil contains carbon atoms, it has very low carbon atom content, has heat resistance and pressure resistance, and when heated in a thin film state, contains carbon fumes. Easy to be.

Next, the billet 10 in the cylinder 102
1 is heated to a temperature within a temperature range of 90 ° C. ± 30 ° C., and a billet 10 is pressed with a piston (not shown) at a pressure of 200 kg / cm ² or more using a hydraulic press or the like.
Cold extrusion was performed by adding to the back end of No. 1.

As a result, the billet 101 is inserted into the die hole 1
03a is squeezed into a wire shape and extruded to form a white metal welding wire 106. Then, the wire 106 is directly connected to the bobbin 105 without drawing.
To complete the welding wire 106 of the present embodiment.

Next, a white metal welding wire manufactured by the method of the present embodiment (the wire of the example) and a white metal welding wire manufactured by the existing wire manufacturing method by wire drawing (comparative example) 2), the state of scratches on the surface of each wire and the appearance of a weld formed using these wires were compared. The welding wire of the comparative example was extruded using a steel die 12 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 using a lubricant composed of mineral oil, and then a plurality of drawing dies 14. This was used to perform wire drawing to finish it to the same diameter (4 mm) as in this example.

Table 1 shows the number of scratches having a depth dimension of 20 μm or more per unit area on the surface of the wire, and the appearance of the welded portion when each wire was used for welding the inner peripheral wall material of the high load bearing. Are shown.

[0028]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, it can be seen that the number of scratches formed on the surface of the wire of the white metal welding wire manufactured by the method of the above embodiment is higher than that of the wire manufactured by the existing manufacturing method. It can be seen that there is little, and the appearance of the welded portion becomes clean. In this example, as the white metal, white metal belonging to the type I and type II component ranges specified in JIS was used. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and other white metals included in JIS are used. Naturally, it can be applied to the case where a white metal having a component range is used.

In this embodiment, a specific silicone oil is used as a lubricant, but it goes without saying that a lubricant other than the specific silicone oil can be used. Further, a steel die may be used as the extrusion die. This is because even when a lubricant other than a specific silicone oil and a steel die are used, in the present invention, since the wire drawing is not performed, the lubricant that has entered the inside of the wound formed on the surface of the wire is not removed. This is because the rate of being trapped in the part is small. In this case, if the surface of the wire formed by extrusion is washed out using a hydrocarbon-based or alcohol-based solvent, and then further cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning, the amount of the lubricant that has entered the inside of the wound can be increased. Parts can be removed. In the above example, the welding wire was manufactured using an anti-friction alloy classified as white metal according to JIS, but the method of the present invention is applied to a case where a welding wire is manufactured using another anti-friction alloy other than white metal. Naturally, it can be applied.

[0031]

According to the present invention, since wire drawing is not performed using a wire drawing die, the wire drawing lubricant used during wire drawing enters a scratch formed on the surface of the wire, and the inside of the wire is damaged. You will not be trapped in. Therefore, when welding is performed using a welding wire made of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal manufactured by the method of the present invention, generation of fume, scale, soot, and the like can be suppressed, and a glossy and extremely beautiful finish can be obtained. Can be In particular, when dimethyl silicone oil having a dimethyl siloxane structure is used as a lubricant and a super-hard extrusion die is used, generation of fume, scale, soot, and the like during welding can be further suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an implementation facility used for manufacturing a white metal welding wire by using the welding wire manufacturing method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an extrusion step according to a conventional method.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a mode of a pulling step by a drawing die according to a conventional method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Billet 4 ... White metal welding wire 5 ... Bobbin 12 ... Steel die 13 ... Dice hole 14 ... Wire drawing die 15 ... Die hole 101 ... White metal billet 102 ... Cylinder 103 ... Carbide extrusion die 103a ... Super Die hole of hard extrusion die 104 ... Piston 105 ... Bobbin 106 ... Welding wire of white metal

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C10M 107/50 C10M 107/50 // C22C 13/02 C22C 13/02 C10N 20:02 30:02 30: 08 40:32 (72) Inventor Ryoji Miki 257, Kanehara, Takeshi-cho, Tsukui-cho, Tsukui-gun, Kanagawa Japan Welding Rod Co., Ltd. Nippon Welding Rod Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tatsuya Fujiwara 257, Kanahara, Taketake-cho, Tsukui-cho, Tsukui-gun, Kanagawa Japan Nippon Welding Rod Co., Ltd. 322 Nakawari, Kawaatami, Shirai-cho, Inba-gun 2 F-term in Matsumura Metal Co., Ltd. (reference) 4E02 9 LA03 MB07 4H104 CJ05A EA02A LA20 PA37

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a welding wire, comprising forming a billet of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal into a wire by cold extrusion using a lubricant. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion die used in the cold extrusion molding method is a cemented carbide extrusion die made of cemented carbide, and dimethyl silicone oil having a dimethylsiloxane structure is used as the lubricant. A method for manufacturing the welding wire according to claim 1. 3. The method for manufacturing a welding wire according to claim 2, wherein the cemented carbide contains tungsten as a main component. 4. The dimethyl silicone oil having a viscosity of 10
The method for producing a welding wire according to claim 2, wherein the temperature is 0 to 10,000 [25 ° C., mm ² / s (cst)]. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the billet is cold extruded in a temperature range of 90 ° C. ± 30 ° C.
5. The method for producing a welding wire according to 2, 3, or 4. 6. A wire-shaped welding wire is manufactured by cold-extrusion of a billet of an anti-friction alloy such as white metal using the cemented carbide extrusion die made of cemented carbide. A method for manufacturing a welding wire, comprising winding the welding wire extruded from a hard extrusion die onto a bobbin.