JP2000156843A - Optical disk, device and method for picture recording, device and method for reproduction and program storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the data quantity for special reproduction information and to generate the special reproduction information at the same time with AV data real time picture recording by recording plural pieces of cell information including start time and end time in a program chain area associated with a reproduction sequence. SOLUTION: A VOBU map including the reproduction time of a VOBU and the data size of the VOBU in the order of reproduction time from the front of a VOB in a 2nd time table (VOBU table). A PGC information table 830 including PGC information 831, 832,... is a table where information (cell) showing the video section of a VOB designated by a set of start time and end time is arranged as arrangement reference in the order of reproduction time and represents a series of AV data obtained by logically connecting video sections shown in cells in the order of arrangement. Cells 831 (a), 831 (b),... respectively include an AV file identifier, a VOB identifier and a set of start time and end time showing a video section.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an optical disk used for recording video data, a recording apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium storing a file management program.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, CD-ROMs, DVDs (Digital
An optical disk such as a Versatile Disc-ROM is used for recording video data (hereinafter, referred to as AV data) such as a movie in addition to being used as secondary storage of a computer. Furthermore, as a next-generation recordable recording medium, practical use of a DVD-RAM disc (hereinafter abbreviated as DVD-RAM) is desired.

[0003] Hereinafter, in a conventional DVD-ROM, A
Special playback such as n-times fast forward or rewind playback of V data will be described. A recorded on DVD-ROM
For V data, a variable bit rate compression encoding method is used to increase the compression rate. The variable bit rate means that the compression code amount per one frame image is variable. Therefore, since the compression code amount is not proportional to the reproduction time, it is not possible to obtain an image at a constant time interval even if the AV data is read at a constant code size at regular intervals.

[0004] For this reason, DVD-ROMs employ a technique of recording information for special reproduction anywhere in AV data. Specifically, the AV data is compression-encoded in accordance with MPEG2, and is a section (called a GOP) of 0.4 seconds or more and 1.0 seconds (exceptionally 1.2 seconds at the end of VOB). Each time, a DVD-specific information called an NV pack is added to the head of the GOP. In addition,
The data from the NV pack to before the next NV pack is
It is called OBU (short for Video OBject Unit).

[0005] The NV pack has a size of 2 Kbytes, and includes information for referring to a neighboring NV pack, a GOP, and the like.
Is recorded with the data size of the first reference picture. Here, the information for referencing the neighboring NV packs is based on the time code at the beginning of the VOBU, and the NV pack addresses of the forward and backward VOBUs located at a place separated by a certain time interval, It is indicated by a relative value from the address of its own NV pack. This time interval is
From 1 second to 15 seconds every other second, 20 seconds, 60 seconds, 1
20 seconds and 240 seconds are used.

Next, an example of the operation of special reproduction such as fast forward reproduction and rewind reproduction will be described. By reproducing only the VOBU reference pictures at certain time intervals in accordance with the reproduction speed, it is possible to realize special reproduction at a substantially uniform speed. VO at regular time intervals
In order to read BUs one after another, information indicating the address of a neighboring NV pack having the NV pack is used.

[0007] Further, for each time code at a fixed time interval from the beginning of the AV data, time search map information indicating the address of the AV data in the VOBU corresponding to the time code is recorded. By referring to the time map information, the reproduction of the AV data can be started from the designated time code.

[0008]

However, the technique of recording special reproduction information as an NV pack everywhere in AV data is not suitable for recording on a recordable recording medium such as a DVD-RAM in real time. There was a problem that it could not be used. This is because, even if an attempt is made to record the NV pack while recording the AV data in real time, information relating to the AV data portion to be recorded, such as the address of the NV pack of the backward VOBU, cannot be obtained.

Although it is possible to generate special reproduction information to be recorded in all NV packs after recording of the AV data is completed, the generated information is used as an NV pack as an AV pack.
Recording in the data area cannot be realized in real time, which requires access to the disk approximately the same number of times as the number of VOBUs. Although it is conceivable that the AV data and the special reproduction information are not stored in the same AV data area, it is necessary to store the special reproduction information in the main memory in order to perform the special reproduction at high speed. There is a problem that a large main storage capacity is required.

An object of the present invention is to provide an optical disk recording apparatus, a program storage medium, and an optical disk that reduce the amount of trick play information and generate trick play information simultaneously with real-time recording of AV data.

[0011]

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical disk having a data area, a time map area, and a program chain area, wherein the data area includes at least one data area. A video object composed of a plurality of video object units including pictures is recorded, and in the time map area, first and second tables in which information on a reproduction time of the video object is stored in a hierarchical manner are recorded. In one table, identification information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disc are recorded corresponding to each reproduction time at a certain time interval. Two tables correspond to each of the video object units The playback time and data size of each video object unit are recorded, and the program chain area includes a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object. Are recorded in association with the reproduction order.

Further, the recording apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for recording video data on an optical disk, and an input means for receiving an input of video data to be recorded, and a plurality of video data by compressing the input video data. Compression means for generating a video object comprising an object unit; writing means for writing data to the optical disc; and control means for controlling the writing means, wherein the control means stores the video object in a data area of the optical disc. Controlling the writing means to write, corresponding to each reproduction time at a certain time interval,
Generating a first table in which identification information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disc are stored, and corresponding to each of the plurality of video object units, Generating a second table in which a reproduction time and a data size of the video object unit are stored, controlling the writing means to write the first and second tables in a time map area of the optical disc, A plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying a reproduction section of the optical disc is generated, and the writing unit is controlled to write the plurality of cell information in a program chain area of the optical disc in association with a reproduction order. It is characterized by the following.

[0013] Further, a reproducing apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for reproducing a video object recorded on the optical disk, wherein the reproducing means reads data from the optical disk, the reproducing means reproduces a video object, and the reading means. And control means for controlling the reproduction means, wherein the control means receives an instruction to perform reproduction in accordance with the plurality of cell information, and reads out the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information. By controlling the means and referring to the read first and second tables, a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time is specified for each of the plurality of pieces of read cell information. The reproduction of the section determined based on the specified video object unit And controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so as to be performed in the reproduction order for Le information.

Further, the program recording medium of the present invention is a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for a recording apparatus for recording a video object comprising a plurality of video object units including at least one picture on an optical disk. Writing the video object in a data area of the optical disc; and identifying information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time in correspondence with each of the reproduction times at predetermined time intervals. Generating a first table storing the video object units and a recording address on the optical disc; and storing a first table storing a reproduction time and a data size of each video object unit corresponding to each of the plurality of video object units. 2 tapes Generating the first and second tables in a time map area of the optical disc; and a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary reproduction section in the video object. Generating a plurality of cell information in a program chain area of the optical disc in association with a reproduction order.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable recording medium storing a program for a reproducing apparatus including a reading unit for reading data from the optical disc and a reproducing unit for reproducing a video object. Receiving the instruction to reproduce according to the plurality of cell information, controlling the read means to read the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information, Identifying a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time for each of the plurality of pieces of read cell information by referring to the first and second tables; The playback of the section determined based on the Characterized in that and a step of controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so as to be performed in the reproduction order in the computer information.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (1) Optical Disk (1-1) Physical Structure of Recordable Optical Disk FIG. 1 shows the appearance and recording area of a DVD-RAM disk, which is a recordable optical disk according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. As shown in the figure, the DVD-RAM disk has a lead-in area at the innermost circumference, a lead-out area at the outermost circumference, and a data area between them. In the lead-in area, a reference signal necessary for stabilizing the servo in the recording / reproducing apparatus, an identification signal with another medium, and the like are recorded. The same reference signal as the lead-in area is recorded in the lead-out area.

The data area is divided into sectors (2 kbytes) which are the minimum access unit. In the data area, management information for a file system, AV data, an AV data management file, non-AV data, and the like are recorded. The management information for the file system is DVD-R
This is information including the directory structure of the AM, the recording position of the file, the free state of the data area, and the like, and is used when a file is created, written, read, or deleted.

AV data is recorded as a single file in units called video objects (hereinafter abbreviated as VOBs). The VOB is a file generated by one continuous recording by the optical disc recording apparatus, and corresponds to, for example, all or a part of a movie or all or a part of a television program. The VOB is composed of a plurality of video object units (hereinafter abbreviated as VOBU).

One VOBU is an AV data portion corresponding to about 0.4 to 1.2 seconds of the reproduction time of video data, and is a GOP (Group of Pictur) in the MPEG2 standard.
The video data section called e) is included. This GOP includes an I (Intra) picture (intra-frame coded picture), a P (Predictive) picture (inter-frame forward coded picture), and a B (Bidirectionally Pre-coded picture) in the MPEG2 standard.
dictive) picture (inter-frame bidirectional predictive coded image)
, At least one I-picture. This enables independent reproduction of the GOP. In particular,
In the case of special playback such as fast forward playback or fast reverse playback, or playback at a specified time, an I picture in a GOP is extracted as a playback target image, or a P or B picture to be played back as a reference image is extracted. Will be played.

The AV data management file is a DVD-RA
A file for managing all AV data in M,
Time map information and the like corresponding to VOBs on a one-to-one basis are recorded. The time map information is information in which the playback time of the VOB is associated with the recording position, and has a hierarchical data structure. That is, the time map information has hierarchical first and second time tables.

A first time table (hereinafter also referred to as a time map table or a TMAP table) is a reproduction time corresponding to a VOB and has a fixed time interval (for example, 6 times).
For example, the table shows the recording position (sector address: LSN) of the VOBU corresponding to the reproduction time for each reproduction time in order of (0 second). The second time table (also referred to as a VOBU table) includes, in the order of reproduction time from the beginning of the VOB,
It is a table including a reproduction time and a data size of each VOBU. FIG. 2 is an enlarged and cut-out D at the sector level.
It is a figure showing the section and the surface of VD-RAM. As shown in the figure, one sector is composed of a pit row portion formed on the surface of a reflective film such as a metal thin film, and an uneven portion.

The pit row portion is composed of 0.4 μm to 1.87 μm pits stamped to represent a sector address. The concave-convex portion includes a concave portion (referred to as a groove) and a convex portion (referred to as a land). Each land and groove has a recording mark, which is an alloy thin film capable of phase change, attached to each surface. The phase change means that the state of the attached alloy thin film changes between a crystalline state and an amorphous state by irradiation with a light beam. Data can be written in the concave-convex shape portion by utilizing the phase change. On the MO disk, only the land is used for recording, whereas
-In the RAM, data can be recorded also in the land portion and the groove portion. The realization of data recording in the groove portion increases the recording density as compared with the MO. Error correction processing for a sector is performed for every 16 sectors. In this embodiment, ECC (Error Correcting
ECC is assigned to the sector group (16 sectors)
Call it a block.

In a DVD-RAM, a data area is divided into a plurality of zone areas in order to realize a rotation control called Z-CLV (Zone-Constant Linear Velocity) in a recording / reproducing apparatus. FIG. 3A shows a DVD.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a plurality of zone areas provided concentrically in a RAM. As shown in the figure, the DVD-RAM is divided into 24 zone areas of zone 0 to zone 23. Here, the zone area refers to a group of tracks accessed at the same angular velocity. In the present embodiment, one zone area includes 1888 tracks. The rotational angular velocity of the DVD-RAM is set for each zone area so as to become faster in the zone on the inner peripheral side, and is kept constant while the optical pickup accesses in one zone. Thereby, DVD-RA
The recording density of M is increased, and the rotation control in the recording / reproducing apparatus is facilitated.

FIG. 3B is an explanatory view in which the lead-in area, the zone areas 0 to 23, and the lead-out area shown concentrically in FIG. 3A are arranged in the horizontal direction. The lead-in area and the lead-out area have a defect management area (DMA: Defect Management Area) therein. The defect management area is an area in which position information indicating the position of a sector in which a defect has occurred and alternative position information indicating in which of the above-mentioned alternative areas a sector that replaces the defective sector is recorded. .

Each zone area has a user area inside thereof, and has an alternative area and an unused area at the boundary. The user area refers to an area that can be used as a recording area by the file system. The replacement area is an area used when a defective sector exists.
The unused area is an area that is not used for data recording.
An unused area is provided for about two tracks. The unused area is provided because the sector address is recorded at the same position on an adjacent track in the zone, but the ZC
In the LV, since the recording position of the sector address is different in the track adjacent to the zone boundary, it is to prevent the sector address from being erroneously determined.

As described above, there are sectors not used for data recording at the zone boundaries. For this reason, the DVD-R is designed to continuously show only the sectors used for data recording.
AM is a logical sector number (LSN: Logical) in order from the inner circumference.
Sector Number) is assigned to a physical sector in the user area. As shown in FIG. 3C, an area for recording user data, which is constituted by sectors to which the LSN is assigned, is called a volume space.

As shown in FIG. 3D, volume structure information for treating the disk as a logical volume is recorded on the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the volume space. The portion excluding the inner and outer volume structure information areas in the volume space is an area where user files are recorded, and is called a partition space. In the partition space, a logical block number (LBN: Logical Block Number) is assigned to each sector from the first sector.

FIG. 4 is a diagram hierarchically showing the relationship between sectors and ECC blocks in the zone area. As shown in the figure, each zone area includes a plurality of ECC blocks. It should be noted here that, in the recording apparatus, non-AV data is allocated in areas in units of sectors, whereas AV data is allocated in units of continuous recording areas that can guarantee continuous reproduction.
The continuous recording area referred to here is an EC that does not straddle a zone boundary.
It is an area of an integral multiple of the C block and refers to a continuous sector of a certain size (about 7 Mbytes) or more. However, if the AV data is
In the case of a plurality of extents, the last extent may be smaller than the certain size. The reason that the continuous recording area does not straddle the zone boundary is that if the straddle straddles the zone, the rotation angular velocity of the optical disc is changed, so that continuous reading cannot be performed. In addition, the reason why it is set to an integral multiple of the ECC block is that it is the minimum unit of the ECC processing.

FIG. 5 shows a sector management table included in the file system management information recorded in the volume space and a continuous recording area management file for managing the above-mentioned continuous recording area. In the figure, the volume space,
The sectors and the recorded contents of the sectors are illustrated hierarchically. The first hierarchy shows the volume space shown in FIG.

The second hierarchy indicates a sector area in the partition space where the sector management table is recorded. A sector management table (also called a space bitmap) indicating the data allocation status for each sector is recorded in the sector areas of the logical block numbers 0 to 79. Since the continuous recording area management file is recorded as a non-AV file,
As shown in the third layer, which is recorded not in a fixed area but in a free area as a normal file, the space bitmap indicates that all sectors in the partition space are allocated or unallocated. Represents. In this example, it is a bit map of one bit per sector. For example, logical block numbers 0 to 79
Is assigned as a space bitmap, and thus is "0 (assigned)".

As shown in the third layer, the continuous recording area management file indicates an area in the partition space that has been allocated as a continuous recording area. In the figure, the continuous recording area management file is represented as a table having a list structure including entries e1 to e4. Outside the frame on the left side of the table, the relative address (the number of bytes) from the top of the table is added.

Each entry is composed of a start sector number (LSN), an end sector number, and a pointer from the left side of FIG. The area of the optical disk from the start sector number to the end sector number in each entry represents a part of continuous recording or a sector area to which one continuous recording is allocated.
The pointer points to an entry indicating the subsequent continuous recording area, and is represented by a relative address from the table head. However, the pointer of the last entry e5 takes a value (-1) indicating the end.

In the example shown in the figure, the entry e1 represents a continuous area from sector numbers 6848 to 15983,
The entry e2 (subsequent continuous recording area) recorded from the 12th byte. The same applies to other entries. The entries e1 to e4 indicate one continuous area (6848 to 31983) when AV data is recorded four times and continuous recording areas are sequentially added.

The allocation of the continuous recording area and the space bit map need to be managed in conjunction with each other as follows. For example, in the optical disk recording device, the area allocated as the continuous recording area is changed to the allocated area in the space bitmap. FIG. 6 shows a DVD-RAM
3 shows an example of AV data, non-AV data, and a directory recorded in the.

In the figure, an elliptical figure represents a directory, and a rectangle represents a file. The root directory is a directory called RTRW, File1.DAT, File2.D
AT and two non-AV data files. RTRW
The directory has a plurality of AV files called Movie1.VOB, Movie2.VOB,... And an AV data management file called RTRW.IFO. As shown in FIG. 7, each of the AV files Movie1.VOB, Movie2.VOB,... Is recorded in the data area as one VOB. (1.2) AV data management file FIG. 8 shows the AV data management file (RTRW.I) shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram hierarchically showing recorded contents of (FO). As shown in the figure, the AV data management file includes a title search pointer table 810 and an AV file management table 82.
0, a PGC information table 830 is provided. FIG. 9 shows the logical connection between these tables and VOBs.

Title search pointer table 810
Is a table showing a list of titles recorded on the DVD-RAM. Here, the title includes a program recorded by the user in the recording device, a title created by editing by the user, and the like. 8 and 9, the title search pointer 8 included in the title search pointer table is displayed.
11, only 812... Are shown.

The title search pointers 811 and 812
.. is the PGC (or PGC information) corresponding to the title
Is a pointer to the number. For example, the title search pointer 811 in FIG. 9 indicates the PGC information 831. Here, the PGC refers to a series of AV data in which arbitrary sections of an arbitrary VOB are logically connected. The PGC information refers to information indicating a logical connection relationship of an arbitrary section of an arbitrary VOB.

The AV file management table 820 contains
This is information indicating the correspondence between the playback time of the file, that is, the VOB, and the recording position.
1, 822... Are recorded. Each of the VOB information 821, 822,... Includes VOB general information indicating information unique to the VOB such as a reproduction time, and time map information for associating the reproduction time of the VOB with the recording position.

The VOB general information 821a is a VOB identifier for indicating which VOB the VOB information corresponds to,
This is information indicating the playback time of the corresponding VOB. The time map information 821b includes the above-described first time table and second time table. As shown in FIG. 9, the first time table (time map table) includes, for each playback time at a certain time interval (for example, 60 seconds) on the time axis starting from the start of the VOB, and It is a table in which time maps # 1, # 2,... Indicating the recording position (sector address) of the VOBU at the reproduction time are arranged.

Second time table (VOBU table)
9 is a table in which VOBU maps including the VOBU playback time and the VOBU data size are arranged in the order of the playback time from the beginning of the VOB, as shown in FIG. PGC
The information table 830 includes a plurality of pieces of PGC information 831, 83.
2...

The PGC information 831, 832... Correspond to V specified by a set of a start time and an end time.
This is a table in which information (referred to as cells) indicating video sections in the OB is arranged in the order of reproduction time, and represents a series of AV data obtained by logically connecting the video sections shown in the cells in the arrangement order. Cells 831a, 831b
.. Each include a set of an AV file identifier, a VOB identifier, and a start time and an end time indicating a video section.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, a series of AV data corresponding to one title
11 → PGC information 831 → cells 831a-831c → V
OB information 821 and 822 are specified in the order of VOB # 1 and # 2. In this example, the AV data for one title is composed of two VOBs # 1 and # 2, but the simplest example of PGC information such as a newly recorded title is 1 title → 1 PGC information → 1 cell One title is composed of one VOB, such as → 1VOB information → 1VOB.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the data structure of an AV file, that is, a VOB. As shown in FIG.
Consists of a plurality of VOBUs. The VOBU is an AV data section including compressed video data of about 0.5 seconds including at least one I (Intra) picture and other audio data, and includes a video pack (V # PCK) and an audio pack (A #PCK) and interleaved pack rows. One pack is a packed packet in MPEG2, includes a pack header, a packet header, video data / audio data, and has a size of 2 kbytes, which is the same as the sector size.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a more detailed data structure of time map information corresponding to one VOB. In the figure, time map information 821b is information for associating the playback time of the VOB with the recording position, and includes general time map information 8210, a time map table 8220,
It consists of a VOBU table 8230. FIG. 1 shows a logical connection between the time map table and the VOBU table.
It is shown in FIG.

The time map general information 8210 includes the number of time maps and the number of VOBU maps included in the time map information, a time unit (hereinafter abbreviated as TMU) indicating a fixed time interval in which the time map is provided, a head time and a head time of the VOB. Of the time map (hereinafter, abbreviated as TM # OFS). The time map table 8220 stores the time map general information 8210
.. Are provided at predetermined time intervals indicated by the TMU and are arranged in a time sequence. As shown in FIG. 12, the time maps 8211, 82
.. Indicate the VOBU map existing at the time obtained by adding the head time of the VOB and TM # OFS in order, and after the TMU, 2 TMU, 3 TMU,.

However, TM # OFS is usually “0”. In this case, the time map 8211 corresponds to the start time of the VOB. Also, when editing such as deletion of the VOB head is performed, TM_OFS takes a value other than “0”. FIG. 13 shows a logical connection between the time map table and the VOBU table when the VOB head is deleted. TM_OFS means a time difference between the head time of the VOB and the time of the head time map as shown in FIG. VO
When the B-head is deleted, a value corresponding to the deleted VOB playback time may be set as TM # OFS, so that the amount of calculation for generating the time map table can be reduced.

The reproduction time for the time map #i (hereinafter referred to as time map time) is represented by the following equation. Time map time = (TMU * (i-1) + TM # OFS) The time maps 8211, 8212,.
OBU map number, time difference (abbreviated as TM # DIFF) and VOB
U address (abbreviated as VOBU # ADR).

The VOBU map number 8212a is the number of the VOBU map corresponding to the time map time.
TM # DIFF8212b represents the time difference between the start time of the VOBU and the time map time. Therefore, the head time of VOBU # j is expressed by the following equation. VOBU start time = (TMU * (j-1) + TM # OFS-TM # DIFF) VOBU # ADR8212c is the start address (4-byte sector address) of the VOBU.

The VOBU table 8230 stores the VOBU map 82 corresponding to the VOBU included in the VOB on a one-to-one basis.
31, 8232,... Are arranged. V
The OBU maps 8231, 8232,... Each include a reference image size, a VOBU playback time, and a VOBU size. The reference image size 8232a is the size of the first I picture in the VOBU. It is used for reading a reference image when performing special reproduction or reproduction at a specified time.

The VOBU playback time 8232b is different from the VOBU playback time 8232b.
This is the time required for reproducing the BU, and is 1 byte data in this embodiment. This is used to find a target image in trick play or at a specified time. That is, the playback device specifies one VOBU by sequentially adding the VOBU playback time to the VOBU start time until the time of the target image is reached, and further specifies one image in the VOBU. .

The VOBU size 8232c is the data size of the VOBU, and in this embodiment, is 2 byte data indicating the number of sectors. This is used for specifying the address of the target image at the time of special reproduction or reproduction at a specified time. In other words, the playback device keeps the VOB start time at
By sequentially adding the VOBU size of the VOBU map row starting from the OBU map, one VOBU including the target image is specified, and one VOBU in the VOBU is further added.
One image will be specified. (2) Recording / Reproducing Apparatus Next, an optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (2-1) Overall System FIG. 14 shows an example of the configuration of a system using the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present embodiment.

This system includes an optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus 10 (hereinafter referred to as a DVD recorder 10), a remote controller 6 for operating the same, a display 12 connected to the DVD recorder 10, and an antenna 11. DVD
The recorder 10 uses the DVD-RAM as an optical disc.
Is attached, compresses the audio / video data contained in the analog broadcast wave received through the antenna 11,
Recorded on a DVD-RAM as a file,
-Decompress the compressed audio / video data recorded in the RAM and output the video signal and the audio signal to the display 12. (2-2) Hardware Configuration of DVD Recorder 10 FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the DVD recorder 10.

The DVD recorder 10 includes a control unit 1, M
PEG encoder 2, disk access unit 3, MPEG
Decoder 4, video signal processing unit 5, remote controller 6, bus 7
And a remote control signal receiving section 8 and a receiver 9.
The control unit 1 includes a CPU 1a, a processor bus 1b, a bus interface 1c, and a main memory 1d, and executes a program stored in the main memory 1d, thereby recording, reproducing, and editing AV data in the DVD recorder 10. Take control of the whole. In particular, when recording the AV data, the control unit 1 generates VOB information, PGC information, and the like corresponding to the recorded VOB when recording the AV file (VOB), and records or updates the AV data management file. Further, when reproducing the AV data, the control unit 1 assigns an address based on the VOB information to the section specified by the start time and the end time in the cell included in the PGC information in the AV data management file shown in FIG. Play in search. In particular, in the case of special reproduction, the address of a reference image existing every fixed time (for example, 5 seconds, -5 seconds, etc.) is sequentially obtained based on VOB information, and fast forward reproduction and fast reverse reproduction are performed. ing.

The MPEG encoder 2 compresses the audio / video signal contained in the analog broadcast wave received by the receiver 9 through the antenna 11 into an MPEG stream. The disk access unit 3 has a track buffer 3a therein, and under the control of the control unit 1, records the MPEG stream input from the MPEG encoder 2 on the DVD-RAM via the track buffer 3a.
The MPEG stream is read from the D-RAM and output to the MPEG decoder 4 via the track buffer 3a.

The MPEG decoder 4 reads the MPE read from the DVD-RAM by the disk access unit 3.
A video signal processing unit 5 that expands the G stream and outputs video data and an audio signal as a result of the expansion performs signal processing for converting the video data from the MPEG decoder 4 into a video signal for the display 12.

The remote control signal receiving section 8 receives a remote control signal transmitted from the remote control 6 as shown in FIG.
The control unit 1 is notified of what kind of user operation has been performed. As shown in FIG. 14, the DVD recorder 10 has a configuration premised on substituting a conventional stationary home VTR. Not limited to this configuration, DVD
If the RAM is also used as a recording medium for a computer, the following configuration may be used. That is, the disk access unit 3 is connected to a computer bus as an DVD-RAM drive via an IF called SCSI or IDE. The components other than the disk access unit 3 in FIG. 2 are realized by executing an OS and application programs on computer hardware.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the MPEG encoder 2. As shown in the figure, the MPEG encoder 2 includes a video encoder 2a, a video buffer 2b storing the output of the video encoder, an audio encoder 2c, an audio buffer 2d storing the output of the audio encoder, and encoding in the video buffer 2b. Video data and audio buffer 2d
And a system time clock (STC) unit 2f that multiplexes the encoded audio data in the encoder and generates a synchronization clock for the encoder 2.
And an encoder control unit 2 for controlling and managing these
g.

The encoder control unit 2g passes information such as GOP information and picture information to the control unit 1 in FIG. 15 every time a VOBU is generated, particularly during encoding. Here, the GOP information includes the number of packs of the VOBU and the number of packs of the first I picture in the VOBU. Here, the pack refers to the video pack (V # PACK) and the audio pack (A # PACK) shown in FIG. 10 and has the same fixed length of 2 k bytes as the sector. Therefore, in this embodiment, GO
The P information indicates the number of sectors occupied by the VOBU and the number of sectors occupied by the first I picture in the VOBU. FIG.
2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the MPEG decoder 4. FIG. As shown in the figure, the MPEG decoder 4 includes a demultiplexer 4a for separating an MPEG stream into a video stream and an audio stream, a video buffer 4b for temporarily storing the separated video stream, and a video buffer stored in the video buffer 4b. A video decoder 4c for decoding the stream, and an audio buffer 4d for temporarily storing the separated audio stream
An audio decoder 4e for decoding an audio stream stored in the audio buffer 4d, an STC (system time clock) unit 4f for generating a synchronous clock, an adder 4g for adding an offset to the synchronous clock, a synchronous clock and an offset. And a selector 4h-4j for selecting one of the attached synchronous clocks and supplying the selected one to a demultiplexer 4a, an audio decoder 4e, and a video decoder 4c. (2-3) Functional Block Diagram FIG. 19 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the DVD recorder 10 by function. Each function in the figure is realized by the CPU 1a in the control unit 1 executing the program in the main memory 1d to control the hardware shown in FIG.

In FIG. 19, the DVD recorder 10 includes a disk recording unit 100, a disk reading unit 101, a file system unit 102, a recording / editing / playback control unit 105, a user IF unit 106, an AV data recording unit 110, an AV data editing unit 120, It comprises an AV data reproducing unit 130. The disk recording unit 100 includes the file system unit 10
When a logical sector number and logical data (2048 bytes) in units of one or more sectors are input from 2, the data is recorded. However, actually, the disk recording unit 10
0 reads and writes logical data on the disk in units of ECC blocks (16 sectors). If the logical data is less than 16 sectors, the ECC block is read once, subjected to ECC processing, and then recorded.

When the logical sector number and the number of sectors are input from the file system unit 102, the disk reading unit 101 reads the sector data and transfers the data to the file system unit. However, actually, reading is performed in units of ECC blocks, and only necessary sector data is transferred to the file system unit through ECC processing. This means that when reading AV data, one ECC block is read.
This is because reading is performed in units of 6 sectors, thereby reducing overhead as in the case of the disk recording unit 100.

The file system unit 102 mainly stores
It has an AV file system unit 103 that writes and edits V files, and a common file system unit 104 that performs common processing between AV files and non-AV files.
0, upon receiving a command related to writing or reading of a file from the AV data reproducing unit 130, file management is performed using the sector of the optical disk as a minimum unit.

The recording / editing / playback control unit 105 is a part for controlling the whole of the DVD recorder 10. In particular, the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 controls a guidance display for prompting a user operation, receives a user operation corresponding thereto via the user IF unit 106, Recording of new AV data, reproduction or editing of recorded AV data, etc., according to the operation is performed by the AV data recording unit 110, A
A request is made to the V data editing unit 120 and the AV data reproduction unit 130.

The user IF section 106 receives a user operation from the remote controller 6 and notifies the recording / editing / playback control section 105. The control data management unit 107 reads out an AV data management file, which is non-AV data, onto the main storage 1d, and immediately provides information in response to a request from each unit. A
The V data recording unit 110 receives a recording request from the recording editing / playback control unit 105 and issues a command necessary for the requested recording to the AV file system unit 103. Therefore, the AV data recording unit 110
1 and an AV file management information generation unit 112.

The AV data input unit 111 converts an image signal and an audio signal into MPEG data, that is, encodes in real time, and records the encoded MPEG data on a disk as an AV file. Output to Also,
The AV data input unit 111 performs M
For each VOBU of PEG data, the number of packs constituting the VOBU and the number of packs of the first reference picture are calculated, and the obtained value is used as GOP information in a memory (main storage 1).
d) and passed to the AV file management information generation unit 112 after recording the AV file.

The AV file management information generation unit 112
When the recording of the AV file by the V data input unit 111 ends, the A
VOB information, PGC information, and a title search pointer corresponding to the V file are generated as AV file management information, the AV data management file held in the control data management unit 107 is updated, and the updated AV data management file is stored in a file system. The information is recorded on the DVD-RAM via the unit 102.

The AV data editing section 120 receives an editing request from the recording / editing / playback control section 105 and issues a command required for editing to the AV file system section 103. AV
The data playback unit 130 receives a playback request from the recording / editing / playback control unit 105, and issues a command required for the requested playback to the AV file system unit 103. (2-4) Commands Executed by File System Unit 102 Next, various commands supported by the file system unit 102 will be described.

The file system unit 102 receives various commands from the control data management unit 107, the AV data recording unit 110, the AV data editing unit 120, the AV data reproducing unit 130, the recording editing and reproducing control unit 105, and manages files. Do. FIG. 20 shows the common file system unit 104,
4 is a list showing commands related to file management supported by the AV file system unit 103. Processing contents of the file system unit 102 for each command will be briefly described.

"CREATE" creates a new file on the disk and returns a file identification descriptor. "DELETE" deletes a file that exists on the disk. "OPEN" obtains a file identification descriptor for the file in order to access the file recorded on the disk.

"CLOSE" closes an open file. "WRITE" records the file on the disk. “READ” reads a file recorded on a disk. "SEEK" moves in the data stream recorded on the disc. "RENAME" changes the file name.

"MKDIR" creates a new directory on the disc. "RMDIR" deletes a directory existing on the disk. "STATFS" queries the current status of the file system. "SET # ATTR" changes the attributes of the currently open file. "SEARCH # D
ISCON ”is a discontinuous boundary (zone boundary) in the specified section
Check if there is, return TRUE if there is, return FALSE otherwise.

[MERGE] merges two AV files on a disc with data in a memory. “SPLIT” divides an AV file on a disc into two AV files. "SHORTEN" deletes the end of the AV file on the disc and deletes the unnecessary part of the AV file.

"REPLACE" replaces a part of the AV file with the data in the memory. By combining these commands, the AV data recording unit 110, the AV data editing unit 120, and the AV data reproduction unit 130 realize processing such as recording, editing, and reproduction. (3) Recording / Reproduction Next, in the DVD recorder 10, (3-1) recording of an AV file, (3-2) recording of an AV data management file, (3-3) reproduction of AV data, (3-4) The reproduction from the designated time to the designated time and the special reproduction of (3-5) AV data will be described in detail. (3-1) Recording Processing of AV File Recording processing includes manual recording and scheduled recording. Manual recording refers to a recording process that is started immediately after setting a few items when the “record” key on the remote control is pressed by the user without setting a reservation time. Scheduled recording refers to a recording process when a start time and an end time are set in advance. For example, when the user presses a record button on the remote controller 6, a guidance image 200 as shown in FIG. When the user presses “1” or “select” in the guidance image 200, a guidance image 201 for setting recording conditions (in this example, recording time and recording quality) is displayed. The user sets the recording condition “recording time” by moving the focus to “unlimited” or “specified time” using the cursor button of the remote controller 6 and pressing the “select” button again. When “specified time” is selected, the display is switched to a guidance image for inputting time using the numeric keypad. When the setting of the designated time is completed, the guidance image 201 is displayed again.

The "recording quality" of the recording condition has three types of bit rate and resolution of MPEG data: high image quality, standard, and time priority. Each (bit rate, resolution)
Means (6Mbps, 720 * 480 pixels) for high image quality and (3M
bps, 360 * 480 pixels), time priority (1.5Mbps, 360 * 240
Pixel). Now, as a recording case, “unlimited” and “time priority” are selected in the guidance image 201,
"Recording" of the remote control after shifting to the guidance image 202
Suppose the button was pressed. Thereby, the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 instructs the AV data recording unit 110 to record,
The V data recording unit 110 starts recording processing.

FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a recording process in the AV data recording section 110. In the case of manual recording, the notification of pressing the “recording” button
6 to the recording / editing / playback control unit 105. Upon receiving this notification, the recording / editing / reproduction control unit 105 secures a continuous recording area of the fixed size (about 7 Mbytes) or more.
That is, referring to the space bitmap and the continuous recording area management file, an unused continuous sector area is searched to secure a new continuous recording area (step 22).
0). At this time, there is already recorded AV data,
If the AV data to be recorded is logically continuous, a new continuous recording area is secured so as to be continuous with the existing continuous recording area as much as possible.

Further, the recording / editing / playback control unit 105
The V data input unit 111 is notified of the file identifier and the parameter indicating the time priority set in the recording condition. AV
The data input unit 111 converts the video data and the audio data of the program of the specific channel being received via the receiver 9 into MPEs.
Encoding is started by the G encoder 2, and processing for transferring the encoded MPEG data to the track buffer 3a is started (step 221).

Next, the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 issues a “CREATE” command including designation of a newly allocated continuous recording area to the common file system unit 104 (step 222). In response to this, when a file can be created in a new continuous recording area, the common file system unit 104 returns a new file identification descriptor.

At the same time, the AV data input unit 111
Sends the “OPEN” command to the AV file system unit 103
(Step 223), the information relating to the file identification descriptor and its file entry provided from the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 is held in a work memory (not shown) (hereinafter, the above information in the work memory is stored in the work memory). F
d (file descriptor).

Until the AV data input unit 111 receives a stop command from the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 (step 224), the VOB is encoded every time the VOBU is encoded.
The number of packs constituting U and the number of packs of the first reference image (I picture) of the VOBU are stored in the main storage 1d as GOP information (steps 225 and 226). FIG.
Shows an example of GOP information. In the figure, VOBU # 22
Represents the GOP information stored in the main memory 1d at the time of encoding. In this embodiment, it is assumed that one VOBU includes video data of about 0.5 seconds consisting of 15 frames (or 30 fields).

Further, the AV data input unit 111 issues a “WRITE” command every time a fixed amount of MPEG data is stored in the track buffer 3a.
03 (steps 228, 229). here,
The "WRITE" command is A
It shall be issued to the V file system unit 103.
The three parameters are the above-mentioned Fd opened by the "OPEN" command, the size of the data to be recorded, and the buffer holding the data (the track buffer 3a in this embodiment). Further, Fd specified as a parameter includes information indicating the recording position of the extent and the extent length, similarly to the file entry. This information indicates the continuous recording area secured in step 220. Further, when a plurality of “WRITE” commands are issued from the time when the Fd is opened until the time when the Fd is closed, the Fd is sequentially updated. In the second and subsequent "WRITE" commands, new data is added following the already recorded data.

The AV data input unit 111 receives the “WRITE” command (steps 224 and 23)
0), and further issues a "CLOSE" command (step 231), notifies the AV file management information generation unit 112 that the recording of the AV file (VOB) has been completed (step 232), and ends. The "WRITE" command in step 230 is for recording the remaining track buffer. The “CLOSE” command in step 255 is for writing back the Fd in the work memory by the file identification descriptor and the file entry on the DVD-RAM.

In FIG. 23, the case of manual recording has been described. In the case of reserved recording, a notice of pressing the “recording” button is given by the user I together with a notice of the time designated as the reservation.
This is performed by the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 via the F unit 106. The recording / editing / reproduction control unit 105 secures a continuous recording area corresponding to the designated time. (3-2) Generation and Recording of AV File Management Information FIG.
9 is a flowchart illustrating generation and recording processing of V file management information.

As shown in the figure, the AV file management information generation unit 112 receives a notification from the AV data input unit 111 that the recording of the AV file has been completed (step 25).
1) The VOP corresponding to the GOP information stored in the memory (main storage 1d) by the AV data input unit 111 and the start address of a new continuous recording area in which the AV file is recorded.
Based on the OBU number, VOB information, that is, FIG.
(A) VOB general information and time map information ((b) time map general information, (c) VOBU table, (d) time map table) are generated as follows (step 252). (A) VOB general information (VOB identifier, VOB playback time) If the control data management unit 107 holds an existing AV file management table, the AV file management information generation unit 112 If VOB # 1 is not held, VOB # 1 is used as the VOB identifier, the playback time of the AV file is acquired from the AV data input unit 111, and VOB general information including the playback time is generated. (B) General time map information (number of time map numbers, number of VOBU map numbers, TMU, TM # OFS) The AV file management information generation unit 112 sets the TMU to, for example, 60 seconds and divides the playback time of the VOB by the TMU to obtain a time map. The number is obtained, the number of VOBUs obtained from the GOP information is set as the number of VOBU maps, and TM # OFS is set to 0 (in the case of new recording). (C) VOBU table (reference image size, VOBU playback time, VOBU size) Since the GOP information shown in FIG. 23 indicates the values of the reference image size and the VOBU size of the VOBU table,
The AV file management information generation unit 112 generates a VOBU table by adding the playback time of each VOBU to the GOP information. In this embodiment, the VOBU playback time 15
Because it is a frame (or 30 fields), 0.5 seconds (1
5 frame times). However, since the last VOBU of the AV file has a different playback time, the AV file management information generation unit 112 obtains it from the AV data input unit 111 and sets it in the VOBU table. (D) Time map table (VOBU map No., time difference TM
#DIFF, VOBU address) The AV file management information generation unit 112 sequentially adds the VOBU playback time of the VOBU table, and every time the added value becomes almost an integral multiple of TMU, the AV file management information generation unit 112 deletes the VOBU existing at that time. By seeking, each time map
Find the VOBU map No., (integer multiple of TMU)-(added value)
As the time difference TM # DIFF. Also, VOBU Adress is A
It is calculated by sequentially adding the VOBU size up to each “VOBU map number” to the start address of the continuous recording area obtained from the V data input unit 111.

After generating the VOB information in this way,
The AV file management information generation unit 112 generates PGC information of the title recorded by the AV data input unit 111 (Step 253). AV for scheduled recording
Since one VOB is generated by the data input unit 111, the PGC information is represented by one cell whose start time and end time are the start time and the end time.

The same applies to manual recording. However, if the user pauses during recording, the AV data input unit 111 (MPEG encoder 2)
It is desirable to use a different cell because the operation is completely interrupted and because it is a break in the video scene that is meaningful to the user. In this case, the AV file management information generation unit 112
By acquiring the time of the suspension from 1, a plurality of cells are generated.

Further, the AV file management information generation unit 11
2 generates a title search pointer pointing to the generated PGC information (step 24). Thereafter, if the AV data management file already exists, the AV file management information generation unit 112 issues an OPEN command and a READ command to the file system unit 102 to read the AV data management file, and stores the AV data management file in the file system unit 102. Acquisition (step 255). However, the control data management unit 107
If the AV data management file is held in
It may not be read.

[0086] The AV file management information generation unit 112 stores the acquired AV data management file in steps 252-2.
It is updated by adding the VOB information, PGC information, and title search pointer generated in step 54 (step 25).
6) In order to record the updated AV data management file, the WRITE command
Issue a CLOSE command (step 257),
The file management information generation processing ends. At this time, AV
Since the data management file is a non-AV file, an area is allocated and recorded in sector units.

FIG. 25 shows an example of a time map table and a VOBU table generated based on the GOP information shown in FIG. In the figure, the TMU is set to 5 seconds for convenience. The VOBU playback time indicates the number of field times (1/60 seconds). (3-3) Playback of AV Data In the playback processing, when the user presses “2” or “select” on the guidance image 200 shown in FIG. 21, the guidance image 201 is displayed, and the user further selects “1” or “select”. ", The recording / editing / playback control unit 105 notifies the AV data playback unit 130 of the title name (or title search pointer number). Thus, the reproduction of the title A starts.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing the contents of the normal reproduction process in the AV data reproducing section 130. In the figure, the AV data reproducing unit 130 acquires PGC information and VOB information from the notified title name (or title search pointer number) with reference to the AV data management file held in the control data management unit 107. (Step 281). Further, the AV data reproducing unit 130
Issues an OPEN command specifying the AV file indicated by the VOB information to the file system unit 102 (step 282).

Further, the AV data reproducing unit 130
Steps 283 through 2 correspond to the number of cells set in the C information.
The title A is reproduced by repeating the loop processing of 90. That is, the AV data reproducing unit 130 refers to the time map information for each of the start time and the end time of the cell,
The file is converted into an end address (step 284), and a READ command is issued to the file system unit 102 by designating them. Thus, the reading of the VOB data section indicated by the cell by the disk reading unit 101 is started.

Thereafter, until the reading of the cell is completed, the AV data reproducing unit 130 repeats the recording of the AV data every time a certain amount of AV data is accumulated in the track buffer 3a.
The data is decoded (steps 286-28)
8). When the reading of the cell by the disk reading unit 101 is completed, the AV data reproducing unit 130 decodes the data stored in the track buffer 3a and ends the reproduction of the cell (Step 289).

After decoding of all cells in the PGC information is completed, the AV data reproducing unit 1
30 issues a CLOSE command to the file system unit 102 and ends the reproduction processing. (3-4) Reproduction from Specified Time to Specified Time To reproduce from the specified time to the specified time, in the guidance image 205 of FIG. 21, the user can arbitrarily set the start time and the end time within the range of the reproduction time of the title. Playback when specified.

FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing a reproducing process when a start time and an end time in a title are designated by a user. In the figure, an AV data reproducing unit 130
Refers to the AV data management file held in the control data management unit 107, and from the notified title name (or title search pointer number), PGC information, VOB
Information is obtained (step 295). Further, the AV data reproducing unit 130 converts the start time and the end time designated by the user into a start address and an end address with reference to the time map information (step 296). An OPEN command for designating the indicated AV file is issued to the file system unit 102 (step 297), and a READ command is issued to the file system unit 102 to read the start address and end address obtained by the conversion (step 2).
98). Thus, reading of the data section of the VOB designated by the disk reading unit 101 is started.

Thereafter, the AV data reproducing unit 130 decodes the AV data every time a fixed amount of AV data is accumulated in the track buffer 3a until the reading of the data section is completed (step 299). -3
01). When the reading by the disk reading unit 101 is completed, the AV data reproducing unit 130 decodes the data stored in the track buffer 3a (step 3).
02), a CLOSE command is issued to the file system unit 102 (step 303), and the reproduction process ends. (3-5) Special reproduction of AV data Special reproduction is started when the "fast forward" or "rewind" key of the remote controller 6 is pressed during the reproduction shown in FIGS. When is pressed, the display returns to the original reproduction.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a special reproduction process by the AV data reproducing unit 130. During playback, the AV data playback unit 130 controls the recording / editing / playback control unit 10
When it is notified from step 5 that the "fast forward" or "rewind" key has been pressed, a skip time .DELTA.t for trick play is set (step 310). For example, in the case of the "fast forward" key, it is +1 second, and in the case of the "rewind" key, it is -1 second. If it is notified that the “fast-forward” or “rewind” key has been pressed during the trick play, Δt
May be further increased to +1 second or -1 second.

Further, the AV data reproducing unit 130
The EG decoder 4 is stopped, the time ts is obtained from the MPEG decoder 4, and the track buffer 3a is cleared (steps 311-313). Next, the AV data reproducing unit 130 performs the processing from step 315 to 325 every time the time ts is updated by the skip time Δt until there is a special reproduction end instruction (for example, the “reproduction” key is pressed).

That is, when the updated time ts does not exceed the end time of the cell being reproduced, the AV data reproducing section 130 specifies the VOBU map corresponding to the time ts by referring to the time map information ( Step 318),
The head address is calculated from the time map and the VOBU map, and the reference image size of the specified VOBU map is read (step 319). If the updated time ts
Is longer than the end time of the cell being reproduced and the next cell exists, the AV data reproducing unit 130
Updates the ts so that it is after the start time (steps 315-317), and then calculates the start address and the reference image size.

Further, the AV data reproducing unit 130 issues a SEARCH_DISCON # AV_BLK command to the file system unit 102 together with designation of a data section of the reference image size from the obtained start address (step 320). This is whether the recording area of the reference image does not straddle a discontinuous boundary such as a zone boundary (continuous area or discontinuous area).
Is to check. If discontinuous (step 321), the AV data reproducing unit 130 obtains a VOBU map adjacent to the specified VOBU (step 322) and reads the start address and reference image size (step 323).

The AV data reproducing unit 130 issues a READ command to the file system unit 102 together with the obtained start address and the specified reference image size (step 324). Thereby, the reference image data is stored in the track buffer 3a. The reference image data stored in the track buffer 3a is reproduced by the MPEG decoder 4.

The above process is repeated while updating the time ts by the skip time Δt until the end of the special reproduction is instructed. When there is an instruction to end the trick play (step 32)
5), the AV data reproduction unit 130 sets the time ts as the start time and performs the original reproduction process (step 283 in FIG. 26 or FIG.
(Step 326). As described above, in the special reproduction, the address of the reference image existing for each skip time can be sequentially obtained according to the time map information. In addition, the time map information associates the reproduction times and recording positions (sector addresses) of all VOBUs with hierarchical time map information of a time map table and a VOBU table. (Sector address) is not required, so that the data amount is very small, and therefore it is easy to generate it in real time at the time of recording.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the DVD recorder 10 has a configuration on the assumption that the DVD recorder 10 can be used in place of a conventional stationary home VTR.
Not limited to this configuration, when the DVD-RAM is also used as a recording medium of a computer, the following configuration may be used. That is, the disk access unit 3
IF called SCSI or IDE as D-RAM drive device
Connected to the computer bus via Components other than the disk access unit 3 in FIG. 3 are realized by executing an OS and application programs on computer hardware. In this case, the disk recording unit 100, the disk reading unit 101, and the file system unit 102 are mainly realized as functions by the OS or an application for expanding the functions of the OS, and the other components are mainly realized as functions by the application program. File system unit 10
2 correspond to service commands such as system calls provided to the application.

In the above embodiment, one VOB is recorded in each AV file. However, a plurality of VOB data may be recorded in one AV file. In this case, in the AV data management file (RTRW.IFO), for example, the size of each VOB in each AV file or the offset address from the head of the file may be recorded and managed.

[0102]

According to the present invention, there is provided an optical disk having a data area, a time map area, and a program chain area, wherein the data area includes a plurality of video object units each including at least one picture. Are recorded in the time map area, and first and second tables in which information on the reproduction time of the video object is stored in a hierarchical manner are recorded. In the first table, the reproduction time at a certain time interval is recorded. Corresponding to each of them, identification information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disc are recorded, and the second table stores the plurality of video object units respectively. Of each video object unit according to Time and data size are recorded,
A plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary reproduction section in the video object is recorded in the program chain area in association with a reproduction order.

According to this configuration, since the first table merely records the recording address and the identification information of the video object unit at regular time intervals, the table size is small. The second table does not need to record the recording position (sector address) corresponding to the reproduction time for each video object unit, and includes the reproduction time and the data size for each video object unit. The data size may be shorter, and the table size is smaller. Further, since the second table is recorded for each video object unit based on the unit to be encoded, it is very easy to generate the second table in real time during recording. Also, the time map information is obtained by hierarchically searching the first table and the second table to associate the playback time of the video object with the address. There is an effect that it may be less. Further, in the program chain area, a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object is recorded in association with the playback order. , A series of video objects in which arbitrary reproduction sections specified by time are logically connected can be reproduced.

The recording apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for recording video data on an optical disk. The recording apparatus receives input of video data to be recorded and compresses the input video data to form a plurality of video data. Compression means for generating a video object comprising an object unit; writing means for writing data to the optical disc; and control means for controlling the writing means, wherein the control means stores the video object in a data area of the optical disc. Controlling the writing means to write, corresponding to each reproduction time at a certain time interval,
Generating a first table in which identification information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disc are stored, and corresponding to each of the plurality of video object units, Generating a second table in which a reproduction time and a data size of the video object unit are stored, controlling the writing means to write the first and second tables in a time map area of the optical disc, A plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying a reproduction section of the optical disc is generated, and the writing unit is controlled to write the plurality of cell information in a program chain area of the optical disc in association with a reproduction order. It is characterized by the following.

Also, a reproducing apparatus of the present invention is for reproducing a video object recorded on the optical disk, wherein the reproducing means reads data from the optical disk, the reproducing means reproduces a video object, and the reproducing means. And control means for controlling the reproduction means, wherein the control means receives an instruction to perform reproduction in accordance with the plurality of cell information, and reads out the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information. By controlling the means and referring to the read first and second tables, a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time is specified for each of the plurality of pieces of read cell information. The reproduction of the section determined based on the specified video object unit And controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so as to be performed in the reproduction order for Le information.

According to these configurations, the first table is:
The table size is small because only the recording address and the identification information of the video object unit are recorded at fixed time intervals. The second table does not need to record the recording position (sector address) corresponding to the reproduction time for each video object unit, and includes the reproduction time and the data size for each video object unit.
The playback time and data size may be shorter, and the table size is smaller. Further, since the second table is recorded for each video object unit based on the unit to be encoded, it is very easy to generate the second table in real time during recording. Also,
Since the time map information associates the playback time of the video object with the address by searching the first table and the second table hierarchically, the playback device
There is an effect that the memory amount for holding the time map information may be small. Further, in the program chain area, a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object is recorded in association with the playback order. , A series of video objects in which arbitrary reproduction sections specified by time are logically connected can be reproduced.

Further, the program recording medium of the present invention is a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for a recording apparatus for recording a video object comprising a plurality of video object units including at least one picture on an optical disk. Writing the video object in a data area of the optical disc; and identifying information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time in correspondence with each of the reproduction times at predetermined time intervals. Generating a first table storing the video object units and a recording address on the optical disc; and storing a first table storing a reproduction time and a data size of each video object unit corresponding to each of the plurality of video object units. 2 tapes Generating the first and second tables in a time map area of the optical disc; and a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary reproduction section in the video object. Generating a plurality of cell information in a program chain area of the optical disc in association with a reproduction order.

A program recording medium according to the present invention is a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for a reproducing apparatus including a reading means for reading data from the optical disc and a reproducing means for reproducing a video object. Receiving the instruction to reproduce according to the plurality of cell information, controlling the reading means to read the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information, Identifying a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time for each of the plurality of read cell information by referring to the first and second tables. Playback of the section determined based on the unit is before Characterized in that and a step of controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so as to be performed in the reproduction order for a plurality of cell information in the computer.

According to these configurations, the first table is:
The table size is small because only the recording address and the identification information of the video object unit are recorded at fixed time intervals. The second table does not need to record the recording position (sector address) corresponding to the reproduction time for each video object unit, and includes the reproduction time and the data size for each video object unit.
The playback time and data size may be shorter, and the table size is smaller. Further, since the second table is recorded for each video object unit based on the unit to be encoded, it is very easy to generate the second table in real time during recording. Also,
Since the time map information associates the playback time of the video object with the address by searching the first table and the second table hierarchically, the playback device
There is an effect that the memory amount for holding the time map information may be small. Further, in the program chain area, a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object is recorded in association with the playback order. , A series of video objects in which arbitrary reproduction sections specified by time are logically connected can be reproduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an appearance and a recording area of a DVD-RAM disc which is a recordable optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a DVD-R cut out by enlarging it to a sector level.
It is a figure which shows the cross section and surface of AM.

FIG. 3A shows zone areas 0 to 0 in a DVD-RAM.
FIG. (B) is an explanatory view in which zone areas 0 to 23 and others are arranged in a horizontal direction. (C) Logical sector number (LS) in volume space
FIG. (D) Logical block number (LB) in volume space
FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram hierarchically showing a relationship between a sector and an ECC block in a zone area.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a space bitmap recorded in a volume space and a continuous recording area management file.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a hierarchical directory structure of an AV file and a non-AV file.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing VOBs recorded as AV files Movie1.VOB and Movie2.VOB.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram hierarchically showing recorded contents of an AV data management file (RTRW.IFO).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a logical connection relationship between a title search pointer table, an AV file management table, a PGC information table, and a VOB.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a data structure of an AV file, that is, a VOB.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a more detailed data configuration of time map information corresponding to one VOB.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a logical connection between a time map table and a VOBU table;

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a time difference between the head time of the VOB and the time of the head time map, which is a value other than “0”.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a system using an optical disc recording / reproducing device according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the DVD recorder 10.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a remote controller.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an MPEG encoder 2.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an MPEG decoder 4.

FIG. 19 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the DVD recorder 10 by function.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing commands related to file management supported by the common file system unit 104 and the AV file system unit 103.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a guidance image.

FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a recording process in the AV data recording unit 110.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of GOP information.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing A by the AV file management information generation unit 112;
9 is a flowchart illustrating generation and recording processing of V file management information.

FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of a time map table and a VOBU table generated based on GOP information.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing the content of normal playback processing in the AV data playback unit 130;

FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing a reproduction process when a start time and an end time in a title are designated by a user.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a special reproduction process performed by the AV data reproduction unit 130.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 control unit 1a CPU 1b processor bus 1c bus interface 1d main memory 2 MPEG encoder 2a video encoder 2b video buffer 2c audio encoder 2d audio buffer 2e system encoder 2f STC unit 2g encoder control unit 3 disk access unit 3a track buffer 4 MPEG decoder 4a Demultiplexer 4b Video buffer 4c Video decoder 4d Audio buffer 4e Audio decoder 4f STC unit 4g Adder 4h-4j Selector 5 Video signal processing unit 6 Remote control 7 Bus 8 Remote control signal receiving unit 9 Receiver 10 DVD recorder 11 Antenna 12 Display 100 Disk recording Unit 101 disk reading unit 102 file system unit 103 AV file System unit 104 common file system unit 105 recorded and edited playback control unit 106 the user IF unit 107 controls the data management unit 110 AV data recording unit 111 AV data input unit 112 AV file management information generating unit 120 AV data editing unit 130 AV data reproducing unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H04N 5/85 H04N 5/85 Z G11B 27/10 A 27/00 D (72) Inventor Tokuo Nakatani Osaka 1006 Kadoma Kadoma, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomoyuki Okada 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Pref. Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An optical disc having a data area, a time map area, and a program chain area, wherein the data area is recorded with a video object comprising a plurality of video object units including at least one picture; In the map area, first and second tables in which information relating to the reproduction time of the video object is stored in a hierarchical manner are recorded. The identification information of the video object unit including the picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and the recording address on the optical disc are recorded, and the second table corresponds to each of the plurality of video object units. Playback time and data size of video object unit Is recorded in the program chain area, a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object is recorded in association with a playback order. Optical disc to do. 2. An apparatus for recording video data on an optical disk, comprising: an input means for receiving an input of video data to be recorded; and a video object comprising a plurality of video object units by compressing the input video data. Compression means for generating; writing means for writing data to the optical disc; and control means for controlling the writing means, wherein the control means controls the writing means to write the video object in a data area of the optical disc. And generating a first table in which identification information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disk are stored corresponding to each of the reproduction times at predetermined time intervals. And each of the plurality of video object units In correspondence with the respective video reproduction time and data size to generate a second table stored in the object unit, the optical disc of the time map the the region first and second
Controlling the writing means to write a table; generating a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary reproduction section in the video object; A recording device, wherein said recording means is controlled to write cell information in association with a reproduction order. 3. A recording method in a recording device for recording a video object comprising a plurality of video object units including at least one picture on an optical disc, wherein the step of writing the video object in a data area of the optical disc comprises: Generating a first table in which identification information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disk are stored, corresponding to each reproduction time of the time interval; Generating a second table in which a reproduction time and a data size of each video object unit are stored in correspondence with each of the plurality of video object units; and storing the first and second tables in a time map area of the optical disc.
Writing a table; generating a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object; and storing the plurality of cell information in a program chain area of the optical disc. Writing the data in association with the reproduction order. 4. An apparatus for reproducing a video object recorded on an optical disk according to claim 1, wherein said reproducing means reads data from said optical disk, said reproducing means reproduces a video object, said reading means and said reproducing. Control means for controlling means, wherein the control means receives an instruction to reproduce according to the plurality of cell information, and controls the read means to read the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information. By referring to the read first and second tables, a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time is specified for each of the plurality of read cell information. The playback of the section determined based on the video object unit There the playback apparatus characterized by controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so as to be performed in the reproduction order. 5. A reproducing method in a reproducing apparatus, comprising: a read unit that reads data from an optical disk according to claim 1; and a reproducing unit that reproduces a video object, wherein an instruction to reproduce according to the plurality of cell information is provided. Accepting; controlling the read means so as to read the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information; and referring to the read first and second tables to read the plurality of cell information. Identifying a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time for each of the cell information of the plurality of pieces of cell information. Controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so that Reproducing method characterized by comprising the steps of:. 6. A computer-readable recording medium recording a program for a recording apparatus for recording a video object including a plurality of video object units including at least one picture on an optical disc, wherein the program is a program for the optical disc. Writing the video object in the data area of the video data, and identifying information of a video object unit including a picture to be reproduced at each reproduction time and a recording address on the optical disk, corresponding to each of reproduction times at predetermined time intervals. Generating a first table in which is stored a reproduction time and a data size of each video object unit corresponding to each of the plurality of video object units; The light de Wherein the time map area of the disk first and second
Writing a table; generating a plurality of cell information including a start time and an end time for specifying an arbitrary playback section in the video object; and storing the plurality of cell information in a program chain area of the optical disc. And causing the computer to execute the step of writing in association with the reproduction order. 7. A computer-readable recording medium recording a program for a reproducing apparatus, comprising: a read unit for reading data from the optical disk according to claim 1; and a reproducing unit for reproducing a video object, wherein the program is Receiving an instruction to reproduce according to the plurality of cell information; controlling the reading means to read the first and second tables and the plurality of cell information; By referring to the second table, for each of the plurality of read cell information, identifying a video object unit including a picture corresponding to the start time and the end time, based on the identified video object unit The playback of the defined section is Recording medium, characterized in that and a step of controlling the reading means and the reproducing means so as to be performed in the reproduction order to the computer.