JP2000156607A - Antenna system, communication equipment system and digital television broadcast receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antenna system and a communication equipment system that are realized at a low cost where the reception sensitivity is enhanced and the transmission loss can be reduced. SOLUTION: The antenna system is provided with a conductor earth plate 151, a reception element 152 that is placed close to the conductor earth plate 151, and a transmission element 153 placed close to the reception element 152 and having a transmission terminal. One terminal of the reception element 152 and one terminal of the transmission terminal connect in common to the conductor earth plate 151 that connects to ground. A different frequency band is applied between the reception element 152 and the transmission element 153.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention particularly relates to an AM broadcast, an FM broadcast, a T
The present invention relates to an antenna device for a V broadcast, a wireless telephone, and the like, and a communication system using the antenna device.

[0002]

[Prior Art] With the progress of the car multimedia age,
In recent years, in automobiles, not only AM / FM radio,
Various wireless devices such as TVs, wireless telephones, and navigation systems have been installed, and the information and services provided by radio waves will continue to increase,
Antennas are likely to become increasingly important.

In general, in the case of a radio telephone used for mobile communication or a communication device having both functions of transmission and reception, one antenna is used for both transmission and reception, and an input terminal of a reception unit of the communication device and a transmission terminal of the transmission unit are used. The output terminal is made a common terminal using a duplexer such as a duplexer, a mixer, a circulator, and a switch, and is connected to the antenna. At the time of reception, the reception signal is blocked from the antenna to the transmission unit and input to the reception unit by the duplexer. At the time of transmission, the transmission signal is blocked from the transmission unit to the reception unit and output to the antenna. Is done.

[0004]

However, as described above, when one antenna is used for both transmission and reception using a duplexer as a communication device, a high-cost duplexer is generally required, and the entire apparatus is also required. There is a problem that the cost is increased, and that the use of one antenna and the use of a duplexer reduce reception sensitivity and increase transmission loss.

[0005] Further, since the receiving amplifier and the transmitting amplifier are always installed on the communication device side, there is a problem that the reception level is reduced and the transmission power is reduced due to the connection cable between the antenna and the communication device.

An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device and a communication system capable of improving the receiving sensitivity and reducing the transmission loss and reducing the cost in consideration of such problems of the conventional antenna. Things.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device capable of further improving the gain of the antenna device.

Further, the present invention provides a digital television broadcast receiving apparatus and a receiving method for improving a reception failure in mobile reception of digital data.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The first invention (claim 1)
Corresponding to), a conductive ground plane, a receiving element disposed near the conductive ground plane and having a receiving terminal, and a transmitting element disposed near the receiving element and having a transmitting terminal, An antenna device in which one end of a receiving element and one end of a transmitting element are shared and grounded to a conductive ground plane, and the frequency band of the receiving element and the frequency band of the transmitting element are different.

According to a second aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 2), a conductive ground plate, a receiving element having a receiving terminal disposed near the conductive ground plate, and a receiving element disposed near the receiving element are provided. A transmitting element having a transmitting terminal, one end of the receiving element and one end of the transmitting element are separated and grounded at different places on the conductive ground plane, and the frequency band of the receiving element and the transmitting element The antenna devices have different frequency bands.

According to a third aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 12), an electric conductor ground plate, an antenna element having one end grounded to the electric conductor ground plate, formed on a common circuit board, and drawn out of the antenna element are provided. And a feeder terminal, and a resonance circuit is inserted midway between the feeder terminal and one end of the antenna element opposite to the ground side.

A fourth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 18) is to provide an antenna element formed on a conductive ground plate, a common circuit board disposed near the conductive ground plate, and a connection between the antenna element and the feed terminal. An antenna device having a receiving amplifier provided on a common circuit board, a receiver having a power supply unit for supplying power to the receiving amplifier of the antenna device, a power supply terminal of the antenna device and a receiver A power supply line for connecting the signal input unit; a capacitor for blocking direct current is provided between the receiving amplifier and the power supply terminal of the antenna device and at an input end of the receiving amplifier of the receiver; This is a communication system that supplies power to a receiving amplifier through a power supply line.

A fifth invention (corresponding to claim 20) provides an antenna device according to the invention (corresponding to claim 15) and a reception channel setting device for generating a bias voltage of a voltage variable capacitor element of the antenna device. And a power supply line for connecting a signal input portion of the receiver and a power supply terminal of the antenna device. The voltage variable capacitor element of the antenna device and the power supply terminal are connected, and the antenna element and the power supply terminal are connected to each other. A communication system in which a DC blocking capacitor is provided between the input terminals of the receiving amplifier of the receiver and the receiver, and the receiving channel is set by changing a bias voltage generated from the receiving channel setting device. .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 21), the antenna device of the present invention (corresponding to any one of claims 1 to 10), a communication device having a receiving amplifier and a transmitting amplifier, and A communication system including a reception connection line connecting a reception terminal and a reception amplifier of a communication device, and a transmission connection line connecting a transmission terminal of the antenna device and a transmission amplifier of the communication device.

A seventh aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 22) is a receiving element having a conductive ground plate, a receiving terminal formed on a common circuit board disposed near the conductive ground plate, and a receiving element having the same. A transmitting element formed on a common circuit board near the receiving element and having a transmission terminal, and an antenna device provided on the common circuit board and having a transmission / reception switcher capable of switching between the reception terminal and the transmission terminal; It has a power supply line connected to the transmission / reception switch, and a transceiver capable of transmitting and receiving connected to the power transmission line, and the transmission / reception switch of the antenna device uses a switch signal when switching to a transmission operation in the communication device. The communication system is controlled by switching.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 23), there is provided a transmitting / receiving apparatus having an antenna device according to the present invention (corresponding to claim 11) and a power supply unit for supplying power to a receiving amplifier of the antenna device. Provided with a possible communication device and a feed line connecting the common terminal of the antenna device and the signal input / output unit of the communication device, and a DC blocking device between the duplexer and the common terminal of the antenna device and the input / output terminal of the communication device. Is provided,
This is a communication system that supplies power from a power supply unit to a reception amplifier of an antenna device through a power supply line.

A ninth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 30) is an antenna element connected substantially in parallel to a conductive ground plane via a first ground connection part, An antenna device comprising: a parasitic element connected to the conductive ground plane via another second ground connection portion along the antenna element.

[0018] A tenth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 38) is an antenna device according to the present invention (corresponding to any one of claims 1 to 37), comprising: input means for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal; Delay means for inputting and delaying a signal from
A synthesizing unit for synthesizing the signal obtained from the delay unit and the signal obtained from the input unit, a receiving unit for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing unit, and a signal obtained from the receiving unit. A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus, comprising: demodulation means for converting a signal into a baseband signal, wherein a delay time in the delay means and a combining ratio in the combining means can be arbitrarily set. .

The eleventh invention (corresponding to claim 39) is:
An input unit for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, which is an antenna device of the present invention (corresponding to any one of claims 1 to 37); a delay unit for inputting and delaying a signal from the input unit; Synthesizing means for synthesizing the obtained signal and the signal obtained from the input means, receiving means for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing means, and converting the signal obtained from the receiving means to baseband. Demodulation means for converting a signal indicating the demodulation status obtained from the demodulation means, a delay wave estimation means for estimating a delay wave included in a signal obtained by the input means, and the delay wave estimation means A synthesizing means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in accordance with a signal obtained from the synthesizing means. A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus characterized by controlling at least one of the delay time setting.

A twelfth invention (corresponding to claim 40) is:
Input means for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, which is an antenna device of the present invention (corresponding to any one of claims 1 to 37), and receiving means for performing frequency conversion of a signal from the input means;
Delay means for inputting and delaying a signal from the receiving means, synthesizing means for synthesizing a signal obtained from the delay means and a signal obtained from the receiving means, and a signal obtained from the synthesizing means. A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus, comprising: demodulation means for converting to a baseband signal, wherein a delay time in the delay means and a combining rate in the combining means can be arbitrarily set.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention (corresponding to claim 41) is:
Input means for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, which is an antenna device of the present invention (corresponding to any one of claims 1 to 37), and receiving means for performing frequency conversion of a signal from the input means;
Delay means for inputting and delaying a signal from the receiving means, synthesizing means for synthesizing a signal obtained from the delay means and a signal obtained from the receiving means, and a signal obtained from the synthesizing means. Demodulation means for converting into a baseband signal, delay wave estimation means for receiving a signal of the demodulation status obtained from the demodulation means and estimating a delay wave contained in a signal obtained by the input means, and the delay wave estimation means And a synthesizing control means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in accordance with a signal obtained from the synthesizing means, and a synthesizing rate of the signal in the synthesizing means and a delay in the delay means in response to a signal from the synthesizing control means. A digital television broadcast receiving device that controls at least one of time settings.

The fourteenth invention (corresponding to claim 42) is:
An input unit for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, which is an antenna device of the present invention (corresponding to any one of claims 1 to 37), a receiving unit for performing frequency conversion of a signal obtained from the input unit, and a receiving unit Demodulation means for converting the signal of the signal into a baseband signal; delay wave estimating means for estimating a delay wave included in a signal obtained by an input means with information on a demodulation state obtained by the demodulation means as an input; Demodulation control means for controlling the demodulation means based on the delayed wave information from the wave estimation means, and controlling a transfer function handled by the demodulation means based on a control signal obtained by the demodulation control means. Digital television broadcast receiving apparatus.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing an embodiment. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view and a sectional view showing an antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The present antenna device is composed of a receiving element 152 and a transmitting element 153 whose antenna surfaces are arranged to face an antenna ground (conductive ground plane) 151,
The receiving element 152 is provided with a receiving terminal 154,
The transmission element 153 is provided with a transmission terminal 155. Receiving element 152 and transmitting element 153
As shown in FIG. 2, each of the resonance frequencies differs according to the element length, thereby improving the isolation performance between the reception signal and the transmission signal. One end of each of the receiving element 152 and the transmitting element 153 is commonly grounded to the antenna ground 151. Thus, the receiving element 152 and the transmitting element 15
3 can be used independently of each other, so that the antenna can be set to an optimal state for each of reception and transmission,
Improvements in reception sensitivity and transmission efficiency can be expected.

In the figure, the parentheses show the case where the resonance frequencies of transmission and reception are reversed, whichever is optional, and the same applies to the following examples.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which the receiving element 352 and the transmitting element 353 of the antenna device having the above-described configuration are formed by printed wiring or the like on a common circuit board 356 provided to face the antenna ground 351. ,
Functionally, it is the same as the above-described antenna device, but since each element is fixed on the common circuit board 356, the stability performance is improved.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which the receiving element 452 is formed on the opposite side of the transmitting element 453 of the common double-sided circuit board 456, that is, on the surface close to the antenna ground 451 in the configuration of FIG.
The formation surface of the transmission element 453 may be reversed.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the grounding of the receiving element 552 and the transmitting element 553 is provided at a separate ground connection portion (different place) 557 of the antenna ground 551 in the configuration of FIG. In this example, the receiving element 552,
Each remote end of the transmitting element 553 is separately grounded. With this configuration, the isolation performance of the transmission signal and the reception signal can be improved as compared with the case where the common ground is used. FIG. 6 also shows a configuration in which the ground connection part is separated, but in this case, the nearer one end of the reception element 652 and the transmission element 653 is grounded.

FIG. 7 shows an antenna device having a configuration in which the antenna surfaces of the receiving element 752 and the transmitting element 753 are arranged so that they do not overlap with each other, and one end on the closer side is separately separated and grounded. The arrangement of the elements further improves the isolation performance. FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which the far ends of the receiving element 852 and the transmitting element 853 are separately grounded in the configuration of FIG. FIG. 9 shows an example in which the directions of the receiving element 952 and the transmitting element 953 are arranged in the same direction, and have the same functions as described above.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the direction of the receiving element 1052 and the direction of the transmitting element 1053 are arranged in point symmetry, and the far ends of the respective elements are separately separated and grounded. FIG. 11 shows a configuration in which one end of each of the elements approaching is separated and grounded in the configuration of FIG. Further, FIG. 12 shows a configuration in which the receiving element 1252 is grounded at one inner side and the transmitting element 1253 is grounded at the outer one end in the arrangement of the respective elements in FIG. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view and a sectional view showing an antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This antenna device is different from the antenna device of FIG. 3 in that the receiving element 1352 and the receiving terminal 13
54, a receiving amplifier 1357 is connected. This receiving amplifier 1357 includes a common circuit board 1356
Since it is provided in the immediate vicinity of the upper receiving element 1352, the received signal can be sent out from the receiving terminal 1354 after being amplified by the receiving amplifier 1357, and becomes strong against noise from the middle of the feeder line, and the receiving sensitivity is improved. .

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration example in which a transmission amplifier 1458 is provided on a common circuit board 1456 between a transmission element 1453 and a transmission terminal 1455 in addition to the configuration of FIG. As a result, not only the reception sensitivity can be improved, but also the power loss in the power supply line can be reduced, and the efficiency at the time of transmission is improved.

FIG. 15 shows a configuration in which the receiving amplifier 1557 is provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the antenna elements 1552 and 1553 are formed using the common double-sided circuit board 1556 in the configuration of FIG. It is connected to a receiving element 1552 through 1558. According to this configuration, since the receiving amplifier 1557 is disposed between the common double-sided circuit board 1556 and the antenna ground 1551, space can be saved.

FIG. 16 shows a configuration in which a receiving terminal and a transmitting terminal are shared by a duplexer 1655 to form one common terminal 1654. On a common circuit board 1656, a duplexer, a mixer, a circulator, a switch, and the like are used. Shared device 1655
Is provided, and the power supply terminals for the transmission and reception of the reception element 1652 and the transmission element 1653 are connected to one common terminal 1.
654. FIG. 17 shows an example in which a receiving amplifier 1775 is inserted between the receiving element 1752 and the duplexer 1755 in addition to the above configuration. According to these configurations, since only one power supply terminal is required, the communication device can be connected with one cable. (Third Embodiment) FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view and a sectional view showing an antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This antenna device has an antenna ground 185
One end is grounded to an antenna ground 1851 on a common circuit board 1855 disposed in parallel with the power supply terminal 185.
4 is formed, and a resonance circuit 1853 is inserted in the middle of the antenna element 1852. The resonance circuit 1853 has a frequency f.
Appropriate inductor 1856 and capacitor 185 to have impedances jX1 to jX2 for 1 to f2.
7 are connected in parallel. As shown in FIG.
As the / C resonance frequency f0, the resonance circuit 1853 indicates that the impedance is jX1 to jX in the frequency range f1 to f2.
There is a peak of the gain changing to X2, and the antenna functions as an antenna having a band of frequencies f1 to f2.

FIG. 20 shows a configuration in which the capacitor part of the resonance circuit of FIG. 18 is replaced with a fixed DC current blocking capacitor 2055 and a voltage variable capacitance element (varicap) 2057 connected in series. As shown in the right figure, the voltage variable capacitance element 2057 is an element whose capacitance Cv changes with a change in the bias voltage V. By changing the bias voltage, the capacitance, that is, the resonance frequency can be controlled. FIG.
As shown in (1), when the bias voltage of the varicap is reduced, the L / C resonance frequency decreases (f01), the loaded reactance jX increases (jX21 to jX22), and the antenna tuning frequency decreases (f1). Conversely, when the bias voltage of the varicap is increased, the L / C resonance frequency increases (f02), and the loaded reactance jX decreases (j
X11 to jX12), the antenna tuning frequency increases (f2
). As described above, according to the present embodiment, the tuning frequency can be changed by controlling the bias voltage of the voltage variable capacitance element (varicap) 2057. (Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 22 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main part of an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. That is, in this embodiment, a resonance circuit (trap circuit) having a predetermined resonance frequency is inserted into the antenna element and the feed terminal of each of the above-described antenna devices. 22 and 23, the trap circuit 1 (f
1) The trap circuit 3 (f1) 2254 inserted in the portion of 2252 and the feeding terminal 2255 has a resonance frequency in the transmission band, and the other trap circuit 2 (f2) 2253 inserted in the middle of the antenna element 2251 It has a resonance frequency of another band f2 opposite to the transmission band f1 with respect to the reception band f0. As described above, by providing the trap circuit having the resonance frequency in the frequency band on both sides of the reception frequency, the isolation performance between the antenna element and the other element in an arbitrary band between the antenna elements can be improved.

In FIG. 22, the trap circuit of the power supply terminal portion is configured to be inserted between the power supply terminal and the antenna element. However, as shown in FIGS. The power supply terminal 2453 may be drawn from between the capacitors of the trap circuits 2452 and 2462 inserted in the middle or from the middle of the inductor.
Further, as shown in FIG.
2 may be inserted between the power supply terminal 2453 and the ground between the antenna ground. In this way, the value of the inductor can be reduced as the trap circuit is placed closer to the ground,
Since the trap circuit can be downsized, the antenna can be downsized.
Weight reduction becomes possible. (Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 25 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main part of an antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. That is, in the present embodiment, a band-pass circuit having the same resonance frequency as the resonance frequency (f0) of the antenna is inserted into the antenna element and the feeder terminal of each of the above-described antenna devices. This bandpass circuit is formed by connecting an inductor and a capacitor in series, and includes a bandpass circuit 1 (f0) 2552 inserted into the antenna element 2551 and a bandpass circuit 2 (f0) 2553 inserted into the feeding terminal 2554. Have the reactance characteristics as shown in FIG.
Thereby, as shown in FIG. 26B, when a band-pass circuit is inserted as compared with the case of a single antenna element, the selection characteristics of the antenna are improved, and high selectivity can be realized.

As shown in FIGS. 125 (a) and (b), a low-pass circuit or a high-pass circuit may be inserted between the antenna element and the power supply terminal.

In FIG. 125 (a), the low-pass circuit 1
02 is provided in a power supply terminal portion between the antenna element 101 and the power supply terminal 103. The low-pass circuit 102 has a characteristic of passing a low-band signal including a tuning frequency of the antenna and blocking a high-band signal higher than the tuning frequency of the antenna. The influence of interference on band signals can be prevented. Therefore, when the tuning frequency of the closely arranged element is higher than the tuning frequency of the element, interference can be prevented. In FIG. 125B, the high-pass circuit 105 is connected to the antenna element 101 and the power supply terminal 10.
3 in the power supply terminal section. This high-pass circuit 10
5 as a band signal lower than the antenna tuning frequency by having a characteristic of passing a high band signal including the tuning frequency of the antenna and blocking a lower band signal than the tuning frequency of the antenna. On the other hand, the influence of interference can be prevented. Therefore, interference can be prevented when the tuning frequency of an element arranged in close proximity is lower than the tuning frequency of the element.

Although FIG. 125 shows an example in which the low-pass circuit and the high-pass circuit are constituted by capacitors and inductors, the circuit is not limited to this circuit configuration as long as they have similar characteristics. (Sixth Embodiment) FIG. 27 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a communication system using an antenna device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 27, the antenna device has an antenna element 2752 formed on a common circuit board 2755 disposed in parallel with an antenna ground 2751, and the antenna element 2752 and the feed terminal 27.
53, a receiving amplifier 2754 and a DC blocking capacitor 2577 are provided on a common circuit board 2755. The power supply terminal 2753 and the power supply terminal of the reception amplifier 2754 are connected by a DC power supply line 2756.

On the other hand, a receiver 2759 which is a communication device includes:
DC power supply unit 2760 for supplying DC power to reception amplifier 2754 on the antenna side and reception amplifier 2761
And the like, and a DC blocking capacitor 2762 is provided at the input terminal of the receiving amplifier 2761. The feed terminal 2753 of the antenna and the receiver 2759 are connected by a coaxial cable 2758.

In such a configuration, the receiver 2759
The DC signal 2764 is transmitted from the DC power supply unit 2760 via the coaxial cable 2758 to the receiving amplifier 27 on the antenna side.
54. At this time, the DC blocking capacitor 2
757 and 2762, the intrusion of the DC signal into the output terminal of the receiving amplifier 2754 and the input terminal of the receiving amplifier 2761 is prevented.
Each is blocked. On the other hand, the antenna element 275
The radio wave received at 2 is amplified by the receiving amplifier 2754, and the RF signal 2763 is input to the receiving amplifier 2761 of the receiver 2759 through the coaxial cable 2758.

As described above, the reception signal is once amplified by the reception amplifier 2754 on the antenna side and transmitted to the receiver side, so that the RF signal passing through the coaxial cable 2758 has a sufficient signal strength, and noise such as external noise is generated. The influence can be reduced and the receiving sensitivity can be improved. Further, since the receiving amplifier 2754 is provided on the antenna side, the amplifier configuration on the receiver 2759 side can be simplified.

FIG. 28 shows a configuration in which the DC power supply unit 2860 is connected to the receiving amplifier 2854 on the antenna side in the configuration of FIG.
A reception amplifier controller 2861 for controlling the power supply to the power supply is added. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. According to this, the power supply from the DC power supply unit 2860 to the reception amplifier 2854 on the antenna side can be controlled to be continued or stopped by the reception amplifier controller 2861. Therefore, when an unnecessary interference signal or the like exists, The interference signal can be prevented from being amplified and input to the receiver 2859. (Seventh Embodiment) FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram showing a communication system using an antenna device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 29, the antenna device has an antenna element 2952 formed on a common circuit board 2957 disposed in parallel with an antenna ground 2951, and an inductor 2955 and a (voltage) variable capacitance element 29 in the middle of the antenna element 2952.
Variable resonance circuit loading section 2954 constituted by
(See FIG. 20). The cathode of the variable capacitance element 2956 is connected to the power supply terminal 2953, and a DC blocking capacitor 2 is connected to the power supply terminal 2953.
958 are provided.

On the other hand, a receiver 2960 as a communication device includes:
A receiving channel setter (tuning channel control DC voltage generator) 2961 for supplying a bias voltage to the variable capacitance element 2956 on the antenna side, and a tuner 2
962 are provided, and a DC blocking capacitor 2963 is provided at an input terminal of the tuner 2962.
In addition, a feed terminal 2953 of the antenna and a receiver 2960 are connected by a coaxial cable 2959. Here, the reception channel setting unit 2961 has a function of generating a voltage corresponding to a capacitor that can obtain a desired tuning frequency. For example, a predetermined voltage is set corresponding to each channel. When a channel is selected, a voltage corresponding to the selected channel is generated.

In such a configuration, when a reception channel is selected, the reception channel setting unit 2961 applies a variable capacitance element bias voltage 2965 determined for each channel to the variable capacitance element 2956 via the coaxial cable 2959. Then, as described with reference to FIG. 21, the capacitor changes and the tuning frequency of the antenna is adjusted to the frequency of the selected channel. The signal of the channel that matches the tuning frequency of the antenna is input to the receiver 2960 through the coaxial cable 2959 as a reception RF signal 2964 at the maximum gain. (Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 30 is a schematic block diagram showing a communication system using an antenna device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. 30, the antenna device is the same as the antenna device of FIG. 3 described above. That is, in the antenna device, the receiving element 3052 and the transmitting element 3053 are formed on the common circuit board 3056 arranged in parallel with the antenna ground 3051, and the receiving element 3052 and the transmitting element 305 are formed.
3 includes a reception terminal 3054 and a transmission terminal 305, respectively.
5 are provided.

On the other hand, the communication device 3059 is
0, a transmission amplifier 3061, and the like. The reception terminal 3054 and the reception amplifier 3060 of the antenna, and the transmission terminal 3055 and the transmission amplifier 3061 are respectively a reception coaxial cable 3057 and a transmission coaxial cable 3058.
Connected by

According to this configuration, a duplexer which is generally expensive, large in weight, and large in passing loss is not required, and cost reduction, weight reduction, and high sensitivity can be achieved.

FIG. 31 shows a configuration in which a receiving amplifier is provided at the receiving terminal of the antenna device in the configuration of FIG.
Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. That is, an example is shown in which the same antenna device as that of FIG. 13 is used.
Above) and the need for a communication amplifier, especially a first-stage receiving amplifier.

FIG. 32 shows a configuration in which a transmission amplifier is provided at the transmission terminal of the antenna device in the configuration of FIG. 31, and the other configuration is the same as that of FIG. That is, FIG.
4 shows an example in which the same antenna device as that of FIG. 4 is used. This eliminates the need for a duplexer, improves the reception sensitivity (for example, about 6 dB or more), and eliminates the need for a first-stage receiving amplifier on the communication device side. In addition, transmission loss is reduced,
The transmission amplifier on the communication device side is also unnecessary. (Ninth Embodiment) FIG. 33 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a communication system using an antenna device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 33, the antenna device is basically the same as the above-described antenna device of FIG.
355 has been added. That is, the antenna device
A receiving element 3352 and a transmitting element 3353 are formed on a common circuit board 3356 disposed in parallel with the antenna ground 3351.
2 and the transmitting terminal of the transmitting element 3353 are connected to the transmitting / receiving element switching relay switch 3355.
Is connected to the power supply terminal 3354 via the.

On the other hand, the communication device 3358
65, a duplexer 3361, a reception amplifier 3359, a transmission amplifier 3061, and the like, and further, a handset 3362 used for transmission is provided. The handset 3362 includes a microphone 3364 and a press-talk switch 3363.
363 is an audio modulator 3365 and transmission / reception on the antenna side.
It is connected to the drive coil of the receiving element change relay switch 3355 and is connected to the DC power supply 3368 by pressing. In addition, the feeding terminal 3354 of the antenna and the communication device 3
358 input / output end (shared terminal of duplexer 3361)
They are connected by a coaxial cable 3357.

According to this configuration, at the time of reception, the transmission / reception element switching relay switch 3355 is connected to the reception element 3352 side, and at the time of transmission, that is, when the pre-talk switch 3363 is pressed, the transmission / reception element switching relay is switched. The coil of the switch 3355 is excited,
Switching to the transmitting element 3353 side, the received RF signal 3366 and the transmitted RF signal 3367 both pass through the coaxial cable 3357, so that only one coaxial cable is required to connect the antenna and the communication device. The duplexer 3361 of the communication device 3358 may be linked with the same transmission / reception element switching relay switch 3355 used on the antenna side. Instead of the microphone 3364 and the sound modulator 3365, a general signal input device (such as a digital signal input device) and a modulator (such as a digital modulator) may be used. (Tenth Embodiment) FIG. 34 shows a first embodiment according to the present invention.
1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a communication device system using an antenna device according to an embodiment of FIG. In FIG. 34, the antenna device is basically the same as the antenna device of FIG. 17 described above. That is, the antenna device includes a receiving element 3452 and a transmitting element 345 on a common circuit board 3456 arranged in parallel with the antenna ground 3451.
3 is formed, the transmission terminal of the transmission element 3453 is connected to the duplexer 3457 provided on the common circuit board 3456, and the reception element 3452 is connected via the reception amplifier 3455 similarly provided on the common circuit board 3456. The common terminal of the common use device 3457 is connected to a power supply terminal 3454 via a direct current blocking capacitor 3449. The receiving amplifier 3
The power supply terminal 455 is connected to a power supply terminal 3454 by a DC power supply line 3458.

On the other hand, the communication device 3461 is provided with a duplexer 346.
5. The receiving amplifier 346 connected to the duplexer 3465
2, a transmission amplifier 3463, a modulator 3464 connected to the transmission amplifier 3463, a DC power supply unit 3 for the reception amplifier
A DC current blocking capacitor 3466 is provided between the common terminal of the duplexer 3465 and the signal input / output terminal of the communication device 3461. The feed terminal 3454 of the antenna and the communication device 3461 are coaxial cable 3460
Connected by

According to this configuration, the reception amplifier DC power supply 3470 of the reception amplifier 3455 on the antenna side is connected to the coaxial cable 3460 from the reception amplifier DC power supply 3467.
The RF signal 3468 is supplied to the communication device 3461 via the coaxial cable 3460 and is input to the reception amplifier 3462 on the communication device 3461 side via the duplexer 3465. Also,
The transmission RF signal 3469 output from the transmission amplifier 3463 of the communication device 3461 is sent to the feeding terminal 3454 of the antenna via the duplexer 3465, and is radiated from the transmission element 3453 via the duplexer 3457.

FIG. 35 is obtained by adding a handset 3565 used for transmission to the configuration of FIG. 34, and the handset 3565 is provided with a microphone 3567.
And a press talk switch 3566. The press talk switch 3566 is connected to the audio modulator 3564 and the DC power supply unit 3568 for the receiving amplifier, and is connected to the DC power supply 3574 by pressing.

With this configuration, at the time of reception, the receiving amplifier DC power supply 3573 is supplied from the receiving amplifier DC power supply unit 3568 to the receiving amplifier 3555 on the antenna side so that the receiving amplifier 3555 functions. By being pressed, the power supply from the receiving amplifier DC power supply unit 3568 is stopped or the level is lowered to stop the function of the receiving amplifier 3555 on the antenna side or to reduce the amplification degree. As a result, power supply or the like when unnecessary can be prevented.

In each of the above embodiments, the area of the antenna ground facing the antenna element is shown to be smaller than the outer area of the antenna element. However, the area of the antenna ground is substantially equal to the outer area of the antenna element. It is better to do.

In each of the above embodiments, the method of installation and the location of the antenna device are not described.
The antenna ground may be placed close to and opposed to the ground of the main body such as various fixing devices, moving devices, and automatic moving bodies, and furthermore, may be installed while maintaining the insulated state. Here, for example, as a fixed device, a house or a building, a stationary communication device or the like, as a mobile device, a portable communication device, a mobile phone, or the like, and as an automatic moving body, an automobile, a train, an airplane, a ship, or the like is given. .

The shape and number of elements of the antenna device described in the above embodiment are merely examples, and are not limited to those illustrated.

Next, other examples, such as the installation method and location of the antenna device as described above, and the shape and number of antennas applicable to the antenna device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 36A shows that the antenna element 201 is
The antenna element 201 is arranged close to the conductor ground plane 205 so that the antenna plane is parallel to the antenna element 201, and a feeding terminal 202 is provided at a predetermined position of the antenna element 201. The portion 203 is made of the conductive base plate 2
The antenna device is grounded at 05. FIG.
(B), the antenna element 204 is formed of a linear conductor having four bent portions, and the antenna element 204 is disposed close to the conductor ground plane 205 so that the antenna plane is parallel to the antenna element 204; This is an antenna device in which a power supply terminal 202 is provided at a predetermined position and one end portion 203 is grounded to a conductive base plate 205. In such an antenna device, the installation area can be reduced, and the antenna plane is
Since the antennas are arranged close to each other so as to be parallel to 05, the directivity gain performance is improved. Note that the number of bent portions of the antenna element is not limited to the number shown in the above example. This is the same in the following embodiments.

FIG. 11 shows a specific example of the antenna shown in FIG.
3 is shown. In FIG. 113, an antenna element 8501 of a linear conductor bent at two places is a conductor ground plate 8504.
The antenna plane is arranged substantially in parallel at a predetermined interval, and one end of the antenna element 8501 is
A conductive plate 8 for antenna grounding provided substantially vertically on
503 is connected to the end. Here, the area of a plane formed by antenna element 8501 and conductive ground plate 8504 are described.
Are approximately equal in area. Also, the antenna element 850
A power supply unit 8502 is provided in the middle of 1.

The conductive plate 8503 has a width sufficiently larger than the width of the antenna element 8501, that is, the antenna element 850.
The width is such that the effect of the reactance determined by the tuning frequency of 1 is not practical. Therefore, it acts as an earth. If the width is small, it is combined with the antenna element 8501 to form an antenna element as a whole, which is different from that of the present invention. When the wavelength of the antenna element 8501 is, for example, 940 mm, the total length of the element is 220 mm and the width is 2 mm, so that the antenna element 8501 can be made compact. Here, the antenna plane and the surface of the conductive ground plane may be inclined as long as an effective potential difference is generated between the antenna element and the ground plane. When the area of the conductive ground plane is larger than the area of the antenna plane (for example, four times), the gain is the same for vertically polarized waves, and the gain decreases for horizontally polarized waves.

The difference between the above-mentioned antenna and the conventional antenna is as follows. For example, the performance of the conventional inverted F antenna decreases when the antenna element is brought close to the ground plate, but the performance of the antenna device of the present invention is improved. I do.

FIG. 114 shows the impedance characteristics and VSWR characteristics of the antenna of FIG. FIG. 115 shows directivity gain characteristics. As shown in FIG.
The thirteen antennas exhibit a substantially circular directivity for vertically polarized waves.

The shape and the number of antenna elements are as follows.
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this example.

It is more desirable that the distance between the conductor ground plane and the antenna element be 1/40 or more of the wavelength.

FIG. 37A shows that the antenna element 401 is
A dipole antenna is formed by a linear conductor having a bent portion at a location, and the antenna element 401 is disposed close to the conductor ground plane 405 so that the antenna plane becomes parallel to the antenna element 401, and a feed terminal 402 is provided at a predetermined position of the antenna element 401. The antenna device is provided with one end 403 grounded to a conductive ground plane 405. FIG. 37 (b) shows a configuration in which the antenna element 404 is a dipole antenna made of a linear conductor having eight bent portions, and the antenna element 404 is disposed close to the conductor ground plane 405 so that the antenna plane is parallel to the antenna plane. A feeding terminal 402 is provided at a predetermined position of the antenna element 401, and one end 40
This is an antenna device in which the ground 3 is grounded to a conductive ground plane 405. As described above, in the antenna device of the present embodiment, the installation area can be reduced, and when the antenna device is disposed close to the conductive ground plane 405 so that the antenna plane is parallel to the conductive ground plane 405, the directivity gain performance is further improved. .

FIG. 38 (a) has two bent portions,
Three monopole antenna elements 601 having different element lengths
a, 601b, 601c on the same plane
7, the antenna elements 601a, 601
A reactance element 602 for adjusting impedance is provided between the taps b and 601c and the power supply terminal 603 and between the power supply terminal 603 and the ground terminal 605, respectively.
a, 602b, 602c, and 604 are connected. FIG. 38 (b) is the same as FIG.
The antenna elements 601a and 601 of the antenna device of FIG.
b, 601c is an antenna element 60 having four bent portions
6a, 606b, and 606c.

In the above configuration, by setting the tuning frequency of each antenna element at predetermined intervals, an antenna device having a desired frequency band can be realized. FIG. 68 is a diagram showing a combined band in the case where the number of antenna elements is seven. The bandwidth of one antenna element is narrow, but by combining the elements, it is possible to have a wide frequency characteristic.

A specific example of the band synthesis is shown by the VSWR characteristics shown in FIGS. That is, this is an example in which four antenna elements having different tuning frequencies are used, and the tuning frequencies are 196.5 MHz (FIG. 116), respectively.
198.75 MHz (Fig. 117), 200.5 MHz
(FIG. 118) and 203.75 MHz (FIG. 119). FIG. 120 is a VSWR characteristic diagram when these antenna elements are band-combined, and it can be seen that the band is widened. FIG. 121 is a diagram when the range on the vertical axis is widened (5 times).

FIG. 39A shows an antenna device having the same configuration as that of FIG.
The configuration is such that reactance elements 808a and 808b for band synthesis are provided between a, 801b and 801c. FIG.
9B shows an antenna device having the same configuration as that of FIG.
06c between the reactance elements 808a and 8
08b is provided.

FIG. 40 (a) has four bends,
Three dipole antenna elements 100 having different element lengths
1, 1002, 1003 on the same plane
07 and the antenna elements 1001, 1002,
A reactance element 100 is provided between the tap 1003 and the power supply terminal 1008 and between the power supply terminal 1008 and the ground terminal 1010 to adjust the impedance.
4, 1005, 1006, and 1009 are connected. FIG. 40 (b) is the same as FIG.
The antenna elements 1001 and 100 of the antenna device of FIG.
Antenna element 10 having 8,1002 bent portions
11, 1012, and 1013.

FIG. 41A shows an antenna device having the same structure as that of FIG.
Between 201, 1202, and 1203, two reactance elements 1214, 1215, 1216, and 1217 for band synthesis are provided.
It is a configuration provided separately for each location. FIG. 41 (b)
In the antenna device having the same configuration as that of FIG. 40B described above, reactance elements 1214, 1215 for band synthesis are arranged between the antenna elements 1211, 1212, and 1213.
This is a configuration in which 1216 and 1217 are provided in two places.

FIG. 42A shows antenna elements 1301 and 130 of three dipole antennas having different element lengths.
2, 1303 is an antenna device formed on a printed circuit board 1304. FIG. 42 (b) is the same as FIG.
An antenna device having the same configuration as that of (a), in which a conductive ground plane 1308 is formed on a printed circuit board 1304 on a surface opposite to the antenna element 1320.
As described above, the antenna element 13 is formed using the printed circuit board.
01, 1302, 1303 (1305, 1306, 13
07) and the formation of the conductive base plate 1308 not only save space of the antenna, but also simplify the fabrication and improve the reliability and stability of the performance.

The antenna device shown in FIG.
In this configuration, a conductor for band synthesis is formed on the surface of the printed circuit board opposite to the antenna element so as to intersect with the antenna element. That is, FIG. 43A shows the antenna elements 1401, 1402, 140 of three dipole antennas having different element lengths.
3 is formed on a printed circuit board 1404, and the printed circuit board 1 is formed.
The antenna device has a structure in which two conductors 1405 are formed in a direction that intersects with the antenna element on a surface opposite to a surface on which the antenna element 1410 is provided. FIG.
43B illustrates an antenna device having the same configuration as that of FIG. 43A except that a conductive ground plane 1406 is arranged close to the side opposite to the antenna element 1410. FIG. This conductive ground plane 1406 may be formed on a printed circuit board using a multilayer printed circuit board. According to the above configuration, it is easy to manufacture an element for band synthesis.

FIG. 44 shows antenna elements 1501 and 150
2, 1503 in a conductive ground plane 1504
5 is an antenna device configured to be housed in the antenna device 5. With this configuration, projection from the vehicle body such as an automobile is eliminated, and the directivity gain performance can be improved by the interaction between the peripheral end of the antenna element 1510 and the conductive ground plane 1504.

The antenna device shown in FIG. 45A has an antenna 1610 composed of antenna elements 1601, 1602, 1603 and antenna elements 1606, 1607, 160
8 is disposed in the same plane as the antenna 1620 and housed in a concave portion 1605 provided in the conductive base plate 1604. Here, the antenna 1610 and the antenna 1620 are configured by antennas having different sizes and shapes, but may have the same size and shape. Note that the antennas are arranged so that the respective feeding units are close to each other. FIG. 45B is a diagram illustrating an example in which a similar antenna is arranged close to a planar conductor ground plate 1609.

In the antenna device shown in FIG. 46A, an upper antenna 1710 and an lower antenna 1720 composed of antenna elements 1701, 1702 and 1703 are vertically arranged, and a concave portion provided on a conductive base plate 1704 is provided. 1705
This is an antenna device configured to be housed inside. Here, the antenna 1710 and the antenna 1720 have the same size,
Although configured in shape, they may be different. FIG.
6 (b) shows a similar antenna with a planar conductor ground plate 17;
It is a figure showing the example arranged near 06. When the size of each antenna element is the same, the tuning frequencies are all the same. Therefore, the bandwidth of the entire antenna device is the same as that of a single element, but as shown in FIG. 69, since the gain of each antenna element is accumulated as compared with the case of a single antenna element, The gain of the entire antenna device is increased, and an antenna with high gain and high selectivity can be realized.

The antenna device shown in FIG. 47A has three antennas 1801, 1802, and 1803 each including a plurality of dipole antenna elements each having a bent portion.
Is formed using a multilayer printed circuit board 1806 and housed in a recess 1805 provided in a conductive ground plane 1804. Here, three antennas 1
Although 801, 1802, and 1803 have the same size and shape, they may be different. In addition, antenna 3
However, four or more layers may be formed. FIG.
(B) shows a similar antenna with a planar conductor ground plane 180;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example in which the device is arranged in proximity to No. 7; As described above, if a plurality of antennas are stacked using a multilayer printed circuit board, an antenna having high gain and high selectivity can be easily obtained.

The antenna shown in FIG. 48 has a configuration in which two linear conductors each having four bent portions are provided for the feeding portion. That is, FIG. 48A has two linear conductors 1902 and 1903 whose bending directions are opposite to each other when viewed from the feeding point 1901.
FIG. 8 (b) shows a structure having two linear conductors 1904 and 1905 whose bending directions are the same as viewed from the feeding point 1901. With this shape, miniaturization on a plane is possible, and in addition, omnidirectionality can be realized.

On the other hand, FIG. 49A shows an antenna element 200 in which the length from the feeding portion 2001 to the first bending point P is relatively longer than the length from the first bending point P to the second bending point Q.
2 illustrates an antenna device having a second antenna device. FIG.
(B) shows an antenna device having an antenna element 2002 in which the length from the feeding section 2001 to the first bending point P is relatively shorter than the length from the first bending point P to the second bending point Q. . With the above configuration, it can be installed even in a long and narrow place.

In the above configuration example, two linear conductors are shown for the power supply portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one linear conductor may be used. Also, the number of bent portions is not limited to these.

In the above configuration example, two linear conductors are shown for the power supply portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one linear conductor may be used. Also, the number of bent portions is not limited to these.

Further, in the above configuration example, the linear conductor is shown as being bent, but it may be curved or may be spiral. For example, as shown in FIG.
In view of this, a configuration having two linear conductors 2102 and 2103 having curved portions whose bending directions are opposite to each other, or 2 having a curved portion having the same curved direction as viewed from the power supply portion 2101.
A configuration having two linear conductors 2104 and 2105 may be used. In addition, as shown in FIG.
As seen from 101, the spiral direction of the winding direction is 2
A configuration with two linear conductors 2106, 2107,
Alternatively, two spiral linear conductors 2108 and 2109 having the same winding direction as viewed from the power supply unit 2101
May be provided.

When the antenna of the above configuration example is manufactured, it is needless to say that the antenna element may be formed by processing a metal member, but it may also be formed by using printed wiring on a substrate. The use of printed wiring greatly simplifies the fabrication of the antenna, and can be expected to reduce costs, reduce size, and improve reliability.

The antenna device shown in FIG. 51 is arranged close to the conductive ground plane, and has a configuration in which the ground terminal of the antenna and the ground plane are connected. For example, as shown in FIG. 51A, an antenna element 2201 is arranged close to a ground plane 2204, and its ground terminal 2203 is connected to the ground plane 2204. This antenna device is the same as that shown in FIG.
Is similar to that of the first embodiment, except that the power supply terminal 2202 is
A different point is that it is provided at a position penetrating through 204. With the above configuration, desired impedance characteristics and directivity can be obtained.

FIG. 51B shows a configuration in which a switching element is provided between the ground terminal of the antenna and the conductive ground plane. As shown in FIG.
The switching element 2205 is provided between the ground terminal 2203 and the conductive ground plane 2204, and a state in which optimal radio wave propagation is obtained can be selected depending on whether or not the switching element 2205 is connected. In this case, the switching element 2
205 may be configured to be remotely controllable, and may be controlled according to the radio wave reception state. Here, the ground terminal 220
When 3 is connected, the antenna becomes a vertically polarized antenna, and when not connected, it becomes a horizontally polarized antenna.

In FIG. 51B, the power supply terminal 22
52 has been shown penetrating the conductor base plate 2204, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 52, the power supply terminal 2302 and the ground terminal 2303 are connected to the conductor base plate 2304.
It does not matter if it does not penetrate.

FIG. 53 shows the positional relationship between the conductor ground plane and the antenna. As shown in FIG. 53A, the plane of the conductor ground plane 2402 and the plane of the antenna 2401 are arranged so as to be parallel at a distance h. in this case,
By controlling the distance h, the directivity of the antenna 2401 can be changed in a desired direction. When the antenna 2401 and the conductive ground plane 2402 approach each other, the tuning frequency increases, and when they separate, the tuning frequency decreases. Therefore, the distance h may be controlled in accordance with the reception state of propagation. This distance h is controlled by
For example, an antenna 2401 is provided with a feed mechanism (not shown),
The antenna may be moved in a direction perpendicular to the antenna plane by using a slide mechanism or the like. Alternatively, an insulator spacer (not shown) may be inserted between the antenna 2401 and the conductive base plate 2402, and the spacer may be inserted into the antenna. By moving the spacer in a direction parallel to the plane, the insertion amount of the spacer may be adjusted. Here, the size of the spacer may be determined in order to obtain desired antenna performance when the antenna is manufactured. Note that a low dielectric constant material such as styrene foam can be used for the spacer between the ground plate and the antenna.

As shown in FIG. 53 (b), three-dimensional arrangement may be made such that a predetermined angle θ (in this case, 90 °) is provided between the plane of the conductive ground plane 2402 and the plane of the antenna 2403. The directivity of the antenna 2403 can be controlled by adjusting the predetermined angle θ using a hinge mechanism or the like.

Further, in the above description, the case where the number of antenna elements is one is shown, but the number is not limited to this and may be two or more. Further, although the ground plane is formed by a single conductor, for example, a car body of an automobile or the like can be used as the ground plane.

FIG. 54 shows a configuration in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a predetermined range, and a single feed antenna element group forms one antenna. As shown in FIG. 54 (a), a plurality of antenna elements 2501, 2502, 25
03 is made into a single feed, and one antenna is constituted by the antenna element group. For example, each of a plurality of antenna elements
By covering different frequency bands, a broadband antenna covering a desired frequency band as a whole can be realized. In particular, in the case of the arrangement shown in FIG. 54 (a), the element length of the outer antenna 2501 is inevitably
503, the antenna 2501 having a long element length is set to a relatively low tuning frequency,
It is easy to set 503 to a relatively high tuning frequency, and an antenna covering a wide band as a whole can be configured.

As shown in FIG. 54 (b), the antenna elements share the antenna plane, but may be arranged so as not to enter each other.

When the band covered by each of the plurality of antenna elements is the same, the antenna efficiency can be increased.

In order to obtain the isolation between the individual antenna elements, the distance between each antenna element is
The antennas may be arranged with an interval to obtain a predetermined isolation, or an isolator or a reflector may be connected to each antenna element.

In this configuration example, the number of antenna elements is two or three, but the number of antenna elements is two.
The number is not limited to this, and the number is not limited thereto.

The difference between the antenna of FIG. 55 and the antenna described above is that the antenna element 26 shown in FIG.
01, 2602, 2603 or 2604, 260
5, 2606 are arranged in layers in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane. Note that the arrangement state of the antenna elements on the projection plane may be entirely overlapping as shown in the left diagram, may be partially overlapping as shown in the right diagram, or may be further apart. FIG. 55 (b)
Shows an application example of the present embodiment, and shows a multilayer printed circuit board 2
Antenna 26 formed using printed wiring on 609
It is a partially cutaway view showing 11, 2612, and shows a state where the arrangement of the antenna on the horizontal plane partially overlaps. Coupling of both elements at predetermined positions can be achieved by passing a conductor through the through hole 2610.

FIG. 56 (a) shows an example of a feeding section of an antenna in which a plurality of antenna element groups are fed into a single feed. As shown in FIG. 56 (a), each antenna element 27
Tap 270 at a predetermined position of 01,2702,2703
4, 2705, and 2706, and these are connected to the power supply terminal 2
707. Here, the direction of tapping is the same direction for all antenna elements, but may be set arbitrarily for each antenna element.

FIG. 56B shows an antenna in which the electrodes from the feed terminal to the tap position of each antenna element are shared. As shown in FIG.
Tap 270 at a predetermined position of 701, 270, 2703
4, 2705 and 2706 are formed, and the electrode 2708 from the tap position to the power supply terminal 2707 is common. This not only simplifies the configuration, but also allows the space saving to be achieved by arranging the electrode 2708 in parallel with the outermost antenna element 2701, for example.

FIG. 57 shows an antenna in which each antenna element is tapped via a reactance element. As shown in FIG. 57 (a), each antenna element 2801, 2802, 2803 is separately supplied to the power supply terminal 28 via a reactance element 2804, 2805, 2806.
07, or as shown in FIG.
Common electrode 280 between power supply terminal 2807 and tap position
8, a reactance element 2809 may be provided. In this case, a reactance element may be provided between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal. Thus, by using an appropriate reactance element, it is possible to obtain a desired impedance, band, and maximum efficiency. The reactance element may be adjusted using a variable reactance element.

FIG. 58 shows a case where a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a predetermined range near a conductor ground plane, and one antenna is constituted by a single feed antenna element group. The main plate is connected. As shown in FIG. 58, a plurality of antenna elements 2901, 29
02, 2903 are fed as a single power supply from a feed terminal 2907 disposed through the conductor base plate 2909, and one antenna is constituted by an antenna element group, and the ground terminal 2908 of the feed section is connected to the conductor base plate 2909. are doing. With the above configuration, a small, high-gain antenna can be installed on a flat surface near the conductive ground plane.

In the antenna shown in FIG. 59A, the tuning frequency is controlled by setting the distance between the opposing portions 3001 and 3002 on the open terminal side of the antenna element to a predetermined distance and controlling the coupling between the two. .

Regarding the setting of the coupling between the opposing portions 3001 and 3002 on the open terminal side of the antenna element,
A dielectric 3003 may be provided as shown in FIG. 59B, or both may be connected via a reactance element 3004 as shown in FIG. At this time, the coupling may be controlled with the dielectric 3003 being movable, or the coupling may be controlled with the reactance element 3004 as a variable reactance.

In this configuration example, the number of antenna elements is one. However, as in the antenna shown in FIG. 54, the number of antenna elements may be two or more.
Not limited to this.

The antenna shown in FIG. 60 (a) has an open terminal side 3101 and 3102 of the antenna element and a neutral point 310
3 or opposing portions 3111 and 311 near the neutral point
The tuning frequency is controlled by setting the distance between the two to a predetermined distance.

As for the setting of the coupling between the open terminal side of the antenna element and the neutral point or an opposing portion near the neutral point, as shown in FIGS. May be provided, or both may be provided by a reactance element 3
105 or 3106. At this time, similar to the thirteenth embodiment, the dielectric 310
4 may be configured to be movable, and the coupling may be controlled, or the reactance elements 3101 and 3102 may be configured to be variable reactance to control the coupling.

Also, in the above configuration example, the number of antenna elements is one. However, as in the antenna shown in FIG. 54, the number of antenna elements may be two or more.
Not limited to this.

In the antenna device of FIG. 61, at least one linear conductor is connected to each pole of the coil, and a ground terminal is formed from a neutral point of the coil, and a tap is formed from a predetermined position of each linear conductor or the coil. Then, the power supply terminal is taken out therefrom. As shown in FIG. 61 (a), the coil 3203 has linear conductors 3201 at both poles.
A ground terminal 3206 from the neutral point of the coil 3203 and a tap 3204 from a predetermined position of the linear conductor (here 3202) to form the power supply terminal 32.
05 is taken out. Further, as shown in FIG. 61 (b), tap 3 from a predetermined position of coil 3203.
204 may be formed, and the power supply terminal 3205 may be taken out.

With the above configuration, the tuning frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by the number of windings of the coil, and the size and the bandwidth can be reduced.

FIG. 62 shows a case where the coil has a plurality of linear conductors. As shown in FIG. 62 (a), a coil 3307 has a plurality of linear conductors 330 on both poles.
1,33023303 and 3304,3305,3306
And a ground terminal 3311 from the neutral point 3310 of the coil 3307 to each linear conductor (here, 3304,
Tap 3308 from a predetermined position of 3305, 3306)
Is formed to take out the power supply terminal 3309. Further, as shown in FIG. 62B, a tap 3312 is formed from a predetermined position of the coil 3307, and the power supply terminal 33 is formed.
09 may be taken out. Although the number of linear conductors on one side is three here, the number is not limited to three as long as it is two or more.

Further, in the above configuration example, the linear conductor serving as the antenna element has only a linear shape, but may have at least one bent portion or curved portion, or may have a spiral shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

The antenna device shown in FIG. 63 has a structure in which a plurality of linear conductors are shared, and one or two linear conductors are provided to a power supply unit via a coil. As shown in FIG. 63, a plurality of linear conductors 3401, 3402, 34
Electrodes 3407 and 3408, which share the components 03, 3404, 3405, and 3406, and the power supply unit 3411 are connected via coils 3409 and 3410. With the above configuration, the tuning frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by the number of turns of the coil, and furthermore, downsizing and a wide band can be realized.

The antenna apparatus shown in FIG. 64 has a configuration in which a plurality of antennas each composed of a plurality of antenna element groups are installed within a predetermined range, and diversity reception is performed to select an optimum reception condition among the antennas. It is what it was.
For example, in FIG. 64, two antennas 3501, 3
At 502, a diver change-over switch 3503 connected to the feeder selects the antenna that provides the best radio wave propagation. Here, the number of antennas is not limited to two as in this example, and may be three or more. Further, the type of antenna is not limited to the antenna having the shape shown in FIG. 64, but may be another type of antenna described in the above embodiment, different types of antennas, or the like.

In the control for selecting the optimum antenna from a plurality of antennas, control for selecting the antenna with the maximum input to the receiver may be performed. Further, control for selecting an antenna having the minimum multipath interference level may be performed.

Further, a balanced-unbalanced converter, a mode converter, or an impedance converter is connected to each antenna element feed section of the above-described antenna or the feed section of the antenna in which a plurality of antenna element groups are made into a single feed. You may.

When each of the above-mentioned antennas is mounted on a car, and the antennas are to be installed vertically, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5 (a), a spoiler 3701, 3
702 both ends 3703 and sun visor ends 3703
Or the like, or as shown in FIG.
704. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and other parts of the automobile can be installed as long as they are inclined to some extent from the horizontal plane. By arranging at these positions, it is possible to easily receive a desired polarization.

As described above, in each of the above antenna devices, the antenna plane and the vehicle body plane serving as the conductive ground plane can be arranged in parallel and close to each other, so that they can be installed without projecting from the vehicle body, and the occupied area can be increased. Is small, so it can be installed in a small space. Therefore, the appearance can be improved, wind noise can be suppressed, and problems such as the risk of theft and removal during car washing can be solved.

FIG. 66 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a mobile communication device having an antenna device. As shown in FIG.
An antenna 3801 according to any of the above-described embodiments is provided on a ceiling of a vehicle body 3805 such as an automobile. At this time, the concave portion 38 in which the antenna 3801 is formed in the ceiling portion
06, the antenna does not protrude from the outline of the vehicle body 3805. The antenna 3801 is connected to a communication device 3804 including an amplifier 3802 and a modem 3803 mounted inside the vehicle body 3805.

FIG. 67A shows, for example, a case in which a conductive shield case 3902 provided inside a resin case 3901 of a cellular phone is used as a conductive ground plane, and is parallel to the shield case 3902. Antenna 3
903 is an example in which it is arranged on the inner side surface of a case 3901.
FIG. 67 (b) shows a case 39 made of resin for a mobile phone.
01, an antenna 3904 is arranged on the upper outside
This is an example in which a conductor ground plate 3905 is provided inside the antenna 3904 with the antenna 901 interposed therebetween. In this case, the upper part of the shield case 3902 is not used as a conductive ground plane because the area is usually small. In both FIGS. 67 (a) and (b), the antenna used is
In particular, one having a large number of bent portions or a large number of turns that can be easily reduced in size may be used.

With such a configuration, the directivity gain on the conductor ground plane side is extremely small when viewed from the antenna. Therefore, if the conductor ground plane side is used on the human body side, the antenna efficiency can be reduced without dropping the antenna efficiency. Electromagnetic interference can be reduced.

Although the example in which the antenna device is installed in a car has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and another moving body such as an airplane or a ship may be used. Alternatively, it may be installed on a road surface, a road shoulder, a toll gate, in a tunnel, a wall surface of a building, a window, or the like of a traffic road such as a highway, not limited to a moving body.

Further, the antenna device has been described by taking a mobile communication device as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any device that receives or transmits radio waves, such as a television, a radio-cassette, or a radio, can be used.

Further, the mobile phone has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to other mobile wireless devices such as a PHS, a pager, and a navigation system.

FIG. 70A shows a monopole-type broadband antenna, in which a main antenna element 4202 having one end connected to the ground 4204 and a main antenna element 4202 are provided.
202, the antenna element 4202
This is an antenna device including an antenna element 4201 and an antenna element 4203 whose both ends are not grounded and whose element length is shorter than that of the antenna element 4201 and the antenna element 4202 whose both ends are not grounded. Main antenna element 4
The 202 is provided with a tap and connected to a feeding point 4206 through a reactance element 4205 for impedance adjustment. FIG. 70 (b) is the same as FIG.
The antenna elements 4201 and 420 of the antenna device of FIG.
2, 4203 are formed on a printed circuit board 4207 using printed wiring.

FIG. 71 shows a dipole type antenna device. That is, FIG.
Is a dipole type broadband antenna, and a main antenna element 430 having a central portion connected to the ground 4304
2 and an antenna which is disposed close to the main antenna element 4302, has a longer element length than the antenna element 4302, is not grounded at all, and has a shorter element length than the antenna element 4302 and is not grounded at all. An antenna device including an element 4303. The main antenna element 4302 is provided with a tap, and a reactance element 4305 for impedance adjustment.
Is connected to the feeding point 4306 via FIG. 71
FIG. 71B shows a case where the antenna elements 4301, 4302 and 4303 of the antenna device shown in FIG.
307 is formed using printed wiring.

With the above configuration, it is possible to achieve a wide band, a high gain, and easy adjustment with a simple configuration.

In this example, each of the antenna elements shorter and longer than the main antenna element arranged close to the main antenna element is constituted by one each. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and two or more antenna elements are each used. A configuration in which they are arranged close to each other may be used.

FIG. 72 (a) is similar to the antenna device described with reference to FIG. 40 and the like in which a conductive ground plane is arranged close to the antenna device, but differs from those antenna devices in that the antenna elements 4401, 4402, The point is that the size of the conductive ground plane 4404 disposed close to 4403 is set to be substantially the same as or smaller than the size of the outermost antenna element 4401. According to such a configuration, the horizontal polarization gain can be improved as compared with the case where the conductive ground plane is larger than the antenna element.

FIG. 72 (b) is the same as FIG.
In this example, the antenna device is stored in a concave portion provided in, for example, a mobile body, a communication device case, a house wall, or another device case.
4 and the case grounds are not connected. With this configuration, a high gain can be obtained for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. FIG. 122 shows the directivity gain characteristic of this antenna in vertical polarization. The installation distance (that is, the separation distance) between the antenna ground and the case ground is 10 mm for (a), 30 mm for (b),
(C) is 80 mm, (d) is 150 mm, and the shorter the installation distance, the higher the gain. That is, the closer the antenna ground and the case ground are, the better the performance is. In this example, in order to prevent the antenna from jumping out of the outer case, the antenna ground 440 is used.
4 is housed in a concave portion provided in a mobile body, a communication device case, a house wall, other device cases, etc., but even if it is installed close to a flat surface of the case ground with a certain installation distance, it can be used as an antenna. The effect is the same, and this case is also included in the present invention.

In this embodiment, the configuration is such that a balanced type antenna element is used. However, a configuration using an unbalanced type antenna element is also effective.

FIG. 73 is an example showing how far the conductive ground plane should be placed close to the antenna element, and FIG. 73 (a) shows an example in which one antenna element is used. This is an example of the case. That is, the distance h between the antenna element 4501 (accurately, the antenna ground connection portion) and the conductive ground plane 4502 is 0.01 to 0.25 times the wavelength λ at the resonance frequency f of the antenna (that is, 0.1 to 0.25). 01λ to 0.25λ). With this configuration, it is possible to increase the gain and facilitate the adjustment.

FIG. 73 (b) shows that the number of antenna elements is four.
Antenna elements 4503, 4504, 4
505 and 4506 are arranged at different distances from the conductive base plate 4507, respectively. As shown in FIG. 73 (b),
If the element lengths are different, the shorter the element length, the higher the resonance frequency of the antenna element and the shorter the wavelength. Therefore, the distance h of the antenna element 4506 having the shortest element length is obtained.
1 is set to be the smallest, the distance h2 between the antenna elements 4503 having the longest element length is set to be the longest, and the distance between the intermediate antenna elements 4504 and 4505 is set according to the wavelength at the resonance frequency of each antenna element. Just do it. In that case, each antenna element 4503, 45
04, 4505, 4506 and the conductor ground plane 4507 are 0.01 to 0.25 times (ie, 0.01 λ to 0) times the respective wavelengths at the resonance frequency of each antenna element as described above. .25λ).

In FIG. 74, a high dielectric constant material is provided between the antenna element 4601 and the conductive ground plane 4602. Therefore,
Among the above-mentioned antenna devices, the present invention is applicable to those having a configuration in which a conductive ground plane is arranged close to an antenna element. Here, by providing a high dielectric constant material between the antenna element and the conductive ground plane, the distance between the antenna element and the conductive ground plane can be equivalently reduced.

FIG. 75 shows that one of the above-described antenna devices is installed at all four positions of the vehicle body pillar portions 4701 on the front, rear, left and right sides of the vehicle and one portion of the roof portion, thereby providing diversity with these planar antennas. Configuration. This configuration enables good transmission and reception for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. Here, the installation locations of the antenna are five, but the installation locations are not limited thereto.

FIG. 76 shows that any one of the above-described antenna devices can be installed on the surface of a vehicle body 4801 such as a roof panel, a hood, a vehicle body pillar, a vehicle body side surface, a bumper, a tire wheel, and a floor of the vehicle body 4801 of the vehicle. It is to be installed at any place or at multiple places. In FIG. 76, an antenna 4802 is provided in a place where the antenna plane is substantially horizontal, an antenna 4803 is provided in a place where the antenna plane is obliquely inclined, and an antenna 4804 is provided in a place where the antenna plane is substantially inclined. It is installed in a vertical location. The figure shows an appropriate place for installing the antennas, and it is not necessary to install all of them. Also, it is needless to say that it may be installed at a place other than that shown in the figure. Further, the type of car is not limited to a passenger car as shown in the figure, but may be a car such as a bus or a truck.

Although the antenna 4805 is installed so that the antenna plane is horizontal, it is installed especially on the back side (lower side) of the floor and the directional characteristics are directed to the road surface direction. It is suitable for communication with a radio source installed (or embedded) on a road used for communication, detection of the location of a vehicle body, and the like.

Usually, the radio waves of TV and FM broadcasts are radio waves mainly of horizontal polarization, and the radio waves of mobile phones and wireless communication devices are radio waves mainly of vertical polarization. Whether it is suitable for horizontal polarization or vertical polarization is determined. As shown in FIG.
In an unbalanced three-element antenna 4902 that is installed parallel to the plane of the conductive ground plane 4901 that is a part of the ground plane and is connected to the ground end, the electric field is horizontal as shown in the right figure. Since the sensitivity to horizontal polarization can be increased, it is effective as an antenna for horizontal polarization. This can be realized by installing the antenna at the location indicated by the antenna 4804 in FIG. Further, since the antenna 4802 is an antenna installed in parallel with the horizontal surface of the vehicle body 4801, its electric field is vertical and the antenna has high sensitivity to vertical polarization, so that it is effective as a vertical polarization antenna. . Further, the antenna 4803 is an antenna that is installed obliquely and has a balanced sensitivity between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization according to the degree of inclination, and is not so affected by the polarization direction. Can be used. FIG. 77 (b) is a diagram showing an example of a balanced type antenna. In this case, as in the case described above, the antenna is effective as a horizontally polarized antenna.

The antenna device of FIG. 78 differs from the above-described antenna devices in that the direction of transmitting and receiving radio waves is not on the antenna element side but on the conductor ground plane side. Fig. 78
As shown in (a), a three-element antenna 5002 is arranged at a predetermined interval in parallel with a conductive ground plane 5001, and the ground end of the antenna 5002 is connected to the conductive ground plane 5001, and the conductive ground plane 5001 side is outside. This is a configuration facing the This antenna has a conductive ground plane 50 corresponding to the area covered by the antenna 5002 surface in FIG.
01 (the side opposite to the antenna 5002);
It has target directivity characteristics below antenna 5002. Therefore, the antenna 5002 and the conductive ground plane 5
Even if the direction of arrangement with respect to 001 is opposite to that of the conventional arrangement, the same effect as that of the antenna of the embodiment described above can be obtained. Further, as shown in FIG. Similar characteristics are obtained even when the case 5003 has a closed case shape, and the antenna 50 inside the conductive base plate 5003 has the same characteristics.
02 can be communicated to the outside through the conductive ground plane 5003.

FIG. 79 shows an example in which the antenna device of FIG. 78 is an unbalanced type antenna device, but is a balanced type antenna device, and has the same effects as described above.

FIG. 80 is a diagram showing an example in which the antenna device according to the present embodiment is applied to various places of the vehicle body similar to FIG. In FIG. 80, as in FIG. 76, the antenna 5202 is installed in a place where the antenna plane is almost horizontal, the antenna 5203 is installed in a place where the antenna plane is inclined obliquely, and the antenna 5204 is provided. Is installed in a place where the antenna plane is almost vertical. The antenna 5205 is installed so that the antenna plane is horizontal.
Particularly, it is installed inside the floor, and is suitable for communication with a radio wave source installed on the road as in the case of FIG. These antennas are all arranged inside the vehicle body 5201. However, for the above-described reasons, the same performance as when installed on the vehicle body surface can be realized, and since the antenna is not exposed to the outside of the vehicle body, the appearance, damage, theft, etc. This is extremely advantageous from the point of view. Further, as shown in FIG. 80, a rearview mirror, an indoor sun visor, a license plate, etc.
Usually, even in a place where it cannot be installed outside, it can be installed by using the inside.

FIG. 81 is an external view showing an example in which any of the above-described antenna devices is applied to a mobile phone. An antenna 5302 is installed inside a conductor ground outer box 5301, and the antenna ground is connected to the ground outer box. 5301. With this configuration, the antenna is connected to the outer case 53.
The antenna can be used in the same manner as the case where the antenna is provided outside the antenna, and the antenna is not exposed to the outside, which is advantageous in handling. Here, a mobile phone has been described as an example.
V, PHS, and other wireless devices are also applicable.

FIG. 82 is an external view showing an example in which any of the above-described antenna devices is applied to a general house. That is, the antenna 5402 is installed inside a conductive door of a house 5401, the antenna 5403 is installed inside a conductive window (for example, a shutter), the antenna 5404 is installed inside a conductive wall, and the antenna 5405 is installed. Is installed inside the roof of the conductor. Thus, the house 5401
If the antenna is installed using the inside of the structure that is a conductor, the antenna is not exposed to the outside, so that damage and deterioration due to wind and rain can be prevented, leading to a longer life.

Even if the house is a structure that is not a conductor, it can be easily installed by mounting a conductor only outside the place where the antenna is to be installed.

FIG. 83 shows a structure in which the conductive ground plane 5501 and the antenna 5502 installed in parallel and close to it are simultaneously rotatable (or rotatable) about an axis indicated by a dashed line. is there. As shown in FIG. 83 (a), when the antenna 5502 is in a vertical state, the electric field is horizontal as shown in the right figure, so that the antenna 5502 has high sensitivity to horizontal polarization, and as shown in FIG. 83 (b), When the 5502 is in a horizontal state, the electric field is vertical as shown in the right figure, so that the sensitivity becomes high with respect to the vertical polarization, and the antenna can be adjusted to the optimum direction according to the state of the polarization. Of course, it may be set in a state of being inclined obliquely. FIG. 123 shows the directivity gain characteristics in the installation state of FIG. 83 (a), and FIG. 124 shows the directivity gain characteristics in the installation state of FIG. 83 (b).
As is clear from these figures, when the antenna is vertical, the sensitivity is high for horizontal polarization, and when the antenna is horizontal, the sensitivity is high for vertical polarization.

Here, the method of rotating the conductive base plate 5501 and the antenna 5502 may be a manual method in which a handle is manually turned, or an automatic method using a driving device such as a motor.

FIG. 84 (a) is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna device for realizing the above-mentioned effect without rotating the antenna. That is, a structure is adopted in which a ferroelectric substance 5603 is arranged between the conductive ground plane 5601 and the antenna 5602 so as to sandwich the antenna 5602. With this configuration, as shown in the right diagram of FIG.
The electric field between 604 and antenna 5605 is
Since it is spread in the horizontal direction through the line 06, the vertical component becomes smaller and the horizontal component becomes larger as compared with the case where there is no ferroelectric in the left figure. In this way, the antenna can be set for vertical polarization or horizontal polarization depending on the presence or absence of the ferroelectric substance.
When the antenna is installed in a vertical state, the above is reversed. The ferroelectric substance 5603 may be prepared in two types, one that is attached at the time of manufacture and one that is not attached, or may be configured to be easily detachable by providing a detachable groove or the like.

The antenna device described above uses an element that is bent so that the installation space can be reduced. However, the antenna device shown in FIG. 85 is designed so that it can be installed on an elongated component attached to an automobile or the like. A linear element or an element having a shape adapted to the shape of the constituent member is used.

FIG. 85 (a) shows an example in which a three-element linear antenna 5702 is arranged close to the surface of an elongated plate-shaped conductor ground plate 5701. FIG. 13B shows a three-element linear antenna 5 on the surface of a pipe-shaped conductive ground plane 5703.
704 is an example in which the elements are arranged close to each other so as to be equidistant from the conductive ground plane 5703. FIG.
In this example, a three-element linear antenna 5706 is arranged close to a surface of a square cylindrical conductor ground plate 5705 so that each element is equidistant from the conductor ground plate 5705.

FIG. 86 is a view showing an example in which, in the example of FIG. 85, when the shape of the conductive base plate is curved or bent, the element is curved or bent along the shape. 86 (a) shows an example in which a three-element antenna 5802 similarly curved is arranged close to the surface of a curved pipe-shaped conductor ground plate 5801 so that each element is at the same distance from the conductor ground plate 5801. In the same figure (b), a three-element antenna 5804 similarly bent on the surface of a square cylindrical conductive base plate 5803 bent in the middle is arranged close to each other so that each element is equidistant from the conductive base plate 5803. This is an example. Figure (c)
Is an example in which a three-element antenna 5806 similarly bent is arranged close to the surface of a plate-shaped conductor ground plate 5805 bent halfway.

FIG. 87A shows an antenna 59 installed along the periphery of the surface of a cylindrical conductive ground plate 5901.
FIG. 2B shows a spherical conductive ground plate 59.
11 shows an example of an antenna 5904 installed along the periphery of the surface of No. 03.

In the above-described example, the case where the antenna is installed outside the constituent member that is the conductive ground plate has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the antenna is installed inside the plate member or inside the cylindrical member. It may be configured to be installed.

FIG. 91 and FIG. 93 are diagrams showing application examples of the antenna device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 91 shows an example in which an antenna 6302 is installed on the surface of an elongated roof rail 6303 on the roof of a vehicle body 6301. FIG.
An example in which an antenna 6502 is installed inside a long and thin roof rail 6503 on a roof of a vehicle body 6501 is shown.

FIGS. 92 and 94 are diagrams showing examples of application of the antenna device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 92
Is an elongated roof box 64 on the roof of the car body 6401
94 shows an example in which an antenna 6403 is installed on the surface of a vehicle body 021, and FIG. 94 shows an example in which an antenna 6603 is installed in an elongated roof box 6602 on the roof of a vehicle body 6601.

The antenna device shown in FIGS. 88 (a) and 88 (b)
In a configuration having a three-element antenna 6002 having a relatively long element length and a three-element antenna 6003 having a short element length with respect to the ground end connected to the conductor ground plate 6001, each of these antennas 6002 and 6003 Feed points A6005 and B6004 are provided. As shown in FIG. 88 (c), the shorter antenna 6
003 is tuned to the relatively high frequency band A band,
The longer antenna 6002 is tuned to the relatively low frequency band B band, and an antenna that can support two tuning bands with one antenna can be realized. The power supply points A6005 and B6004 may be connected to each other.

FIGS. 89 (a) and 89 (b) show examples of unbalanced type antennas having two tuning bands. This antenna has one end connected to a conductive ground plane 6101 and is composed of four elements arranged close to the conductive ground plane 6101. Of the four elements, an antenna of two elements having a relatively long element length is used. A feeding point B 6104 is set at 6102, and a feeding point A 6105 is set at a two-element antenna 6103 having a relatively short element length. As shown in FIG. 8C, this configuration can cope with two tuning bands, that is, a high-frequency A band and a low-frequency B band, as described above. The feeding point A60
05 and B6004 may be connected to each other.

FIGS. 90 (a) and 90 (b) show examples of balanced type antennas having two tuning bands. This antenna is a four-element antenna having a central point connected to a conductive ground plane 6201 and arranged in close proximity to the conductive ground plane 6201. Of the four elements, two antennas having a relatively long element length are used. A feed point B6204 is set on the antenna 6202, and the feed point B6204 having a relatively short element length is set.
A feeding point A6205 is set to the antenna 6203 of the element. As shown in FIG. 90 (c), this configuration can cope with two tuning bands of a high frequency A band and a low frequency B band as described above. The feeding point A60
05 and B6004 may be connected to each other.

As described above, according to the above-described antenna, a high-performance antenna device capable of handling a plurality of tuning bands can be provided while minimizing the installation space for the antenna device. It is also applicable to

In this configuration example, the number of tuning bands is two. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration may be such that it can support three or more bands. In that case, a plurality of antennas having an element length corresponding to each tuning band may be provided, and a feed point may be set for each antenna.

The antenna device shown in FIG.
U-shaped antenna element 670 provided close to
The coil 6703 is inserted in the middle of 1 and the antenna element 6
701 has one end connected to a conductive ground plane 6702. In addition, the power supply unit 6704 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 6701 between the coil 6703 and the conductive base plate 6702. According to this configuration, current concentrates on the coil, and the gain of the antenna device does not change and the antenna device can be reduced in size. For example, if the antenna element is constituted by a strip line, the area of the antenna is reduced to 1/4.
And smaller. In addition, the bandwidth becomes narrow and the band characteristics become sharp.

FIG. 96 shows two antenna elements having the configuration shown in FIG. 95 connected in parallel to perform band synthesis. That is, two antenna elements 6801a and 6801b having different bands (lengths) in which coils 6803a and 6803b are respectively inserted in the middle of the elements are arranged in parallel, one end of each is connected to the conductive ground plane 6802, and 6801a and 6801b are commonly connected to a power supply 6804 via reactance elements 6805a and 6805b, respectively. With this configuration, the bands of the two antenna elements can be combined, and the antenna device can have a wider band in addition to the above effects.

The antenna device shown in FIG.
U-shaped antenna element 690 provided close to
1 and one end of the conductor 6902
Is inserted, and the other end of the coil 6903 is
902 is grounded. In addition, the power supply unit 6
Reference numeral 904 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 6901. According to this configuration, as in the case of the thirty-second embodiment, current concentrates on the coil, so that the gain of the antenna device is unchanged and the size can be reduced.

FIG. 98 shows two antenna elements having the configuration shown in FIG. 97 connected in parallel to perform band synthesis. That is, the antenna element 700 having two different bands (lengths)
1a and 7001b are arranged in parallel, and one end of each is commonly connected to one end of a coil 7003.
Is connected to the conductive ground plane 7002. Also,
The antenna elements 7001a and 7001b are commonly connected to a feeding unit 7004 via reactance elements 7005a and 7005b, respectively. With this configuration, the bands of the two antenna elements can be combined, and the antenna device can have a wider band in addition to the above effects. Also, since the coil is shared by the two antenna elements, only one coil is required and the configuration is simplified.

The antenna of FIG. 99 differs from the antenna of FIG. 97 in that, as shown in FIG.
2 is that an insulator 7105 is provided over the antenna 2 and the antenna element 7101 and the coil 7103 are connected to the insulator 7105. With this configuration, the coil 7103 can be easily installed and convenient for mounting, and the coil can be installed stably. FIG. 100 shows two antenna elements 7201
a, an example of a configuration for performing band combining by 7201b,
Although the number of antenna elements increases and connection with the coil 7203 becomes complicated, the insulator 72 on the conductive ground plane 7202
Since the connection point is provided on 05, connection between the antenna element and the coil is further facilitated.

In the antenna device shown in FIG. 101, the coil portion is divided into two parts, and the antenna element and the coil are connected using two insulators 7305a and 7305b provided on the conductive ground plate 7302. That is, one end of a U-shaped antenna element 7301 provided close to the conductive ground plane 7302 and one end of the coil 7303a are connected on the insulator 7305a, and the other end of the coil 7303a and another coil 7303b are connected. One end and power supply unit 730
4 is connected on another insulator 7305b, and the other end of the coil 7303b is grounded to the conductor ground plate 7302. FIG. 102 shows two antenna elements 740
This is an antenna device for band synthesis using 1a and 7401b, in which an antenna element, a coil, and a feeding unit are connected in the same manner as in FIG.

According to these configurations, since the terminals of the power supply unit are provided on the circuit board, connection with other circuit components is facilitated.

The antenna device of FIG. 103 has a zigzag pattern 750 instead of the coil in the configuration of FIG.
3 is inserted into the antenna element 7501. In the configuration using a coil, the shape spreads three-dimensionally. However, with the use of this pattern 7503, it can be formed on the same plane as the antenna element 7501 and can be manufactured by a printed wiring method or the like. FIG. 104 shows a band combining type using two antenna elements 7601a and 7601b, in which zigzag patterns 7603a and 7603b are inserted into each of the antenna elements 7601a and 7601b. This pattern may be a sawtooth-wave pattern as shown in FIG.

The antenna device shown in FIG.
The whole antenna element 7701 arranged in the vicinity of the antenna element 702 is formed in a zigzag pattern,
01 is connected to one end of a coil 7703 whose one end is grounded. The feeding unit 7704 is provided in the middle of the zigzag antenna element. According to this configuration, the loss increases, but the antenna device is, for example, 1/6.
The size can be further reduced to 1/8. In addition, the shape of the antenna element may be, for example, a pattern shape as shown in FIGS. 106 (b) and (c). FIG. 2B shows a three-dimensional coil shape.

The antenna device shown in FIG.
An insulator 7904 is provided over the insulator 902.
Above, the lead wire 7 drawn from the antenna element 7901
905 and a power supply unit 7903 are connected. With this configuration, the power supply unit 7903 is provided on the circuit board, so that connection with other circuit components is facilitated.

FIG. 108 shows that a through hole 8005 is provided in conductive base plate 8002 and insulator 800 is placed on conductive base plate 8002 on the side opposite to the side where antenna element 8001 is present.
4 is provided. Then, the antenna element 8001
A lead wire 8006 drawn out of the insulator 804 is passed through the through-hole 8005 and the insulator 8004 so that the power feeding portion 8003 is
04. Thereby, the conductor ground plane 800
Since the circuit components can be connected on the back side of 2, the handling of other circuit components connected to the power supply unit 8003 becomes more convenient than the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 109 shows the back surface of the conductor ground plate (the surface opposite to the antenna element) in the configuration of FIG. 108 described above.
Is provided with another conductor plate, and various circuit components are mounted on the conductor plate. That is, the conductive base plate 8102
In addition, a through hole 8104 through which a lead wire 8111 drawn from the antenna element 8101 is passed is formed in the conductor plate 8105, and an insulator 8103 is provided on the conductor plate 8105 side of the through hole 8104. Also, on the surface of the conductor plate 8105,
A necessary number of insulators 8106 for connecting various circuit components are provided. Then, the lead wire 8111 is connected to the through hole 8.
104, and is connected to the insulator 8103 through the circuit component 810.
7 to 8110 are connected to the insulator 8103 and the respective 8106.

According to this configuration, the circuit can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the antenna, and the shield between the antenna and the circuit can be easily performed by using the conductive plate, which is effective for downsizing the device.

FIG. 110 shows an example of a configuration in which circuit components are arranged on the antenna element side. That is, a necessary number of insulators 8203 for connecting lead wires 8205 drawn out from the antenna element 8201 and insulators 8206 for connecting various circuit components are provided on the conductor ground plate 8202. Further, a conductive shield case 8204 is provided on the conductive base plate 8202 so that the antenna element 8201 and the conductive base plate 8202 can be shielded from each other, and a through hole 8207 for passing the lead wire 8205 is formed. Then, the lead wire 8205 is passed through the through hole 8207 to form the insulator 820.
3 and circuit components 8208 to 8210 on the insulator 8203 and each of the conductors 8206. One end of the antenna element 8201 is grounded to the shield case 8204.

According to this configuration, the circuit is accommodated between the antenna element and the conductive ground plane, but is shielded by the shield case, so that the size of the device can be further reduced as compared with the case of FIG.

The antenna device shown in FIG.
An antenna element 8301 is formed in a pattern on one surface of the antenna element 5, and one end 8307 of the antenna element 8301 penetrates the insulator plate 8305.
Of the lead wire 83 penetrating through the insulator plate 8305
03, and the lead wire 8303 is connected to the insulator plate 8
A lead 8306 patterned in parallel with the antenna element 8305 is connected to the opposite surface of the
A power supply unit 8304 is connected to 306. Here, the power supply unit 8
304 is provided at a position close to one end 8307 of the antenna element 8301. Then, the insulator plate 8305 and the conductor ground plate 8302 are arranged in parallel, and the antenna element 830
One end 8307 is connected to a conductive ground plane 8302.

According to such a configuration, since the grounding portion of the antenna element and the feeding portion are close to each other, it is convenient when a coaxial cable is connected.

The antenna device shown in FIG. 112 has another conductor ground plate 8404 provided on a wide conductor ground plate 8402 via an insulator plate 8405, and the antenna element 8401 is arranged close to the conductor ground plate 8404. It is. Here, one end of the antenna element 8401 is connected to the conductive base plate 8404.
Connect to ground. It is preferable that the size of the conductive base plate 8404 be equal to the area of the antenna element 8401. Specifically, the conductive base plate 8402 includes a body of an automobile or a train, a metal case of a receiver or a communication device, a metal structure of a house, and the like. The installation method may be either inside the vehicle or outside the vehicle.

According to such a configuration, the elevation angle having the maximum gain becomes nearly horizontal, which is suitable for communication radio waves (vertical polarization) coming from the side.

Note that the antenna devices of FIGS. 95 to 112 also correspond to FIGS. 65, 75, 76, 80, 8.
Needless to say, it can be installed and used in the places described in 1, 82 and the like.

In the antenna devices shown in FIGS. 95 to 112, the number of antenna elements is one or two. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of antenna elements is three or more. Of course it is good.

In the antenna devices shown in FIGS. 95 to 112, the shape of the antenna element has been described as a U-shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may have another shape such as a loop shape.

The configuration in which connection points are formed using the insulators shown in the antenna devices of FIGS. 107 to 112 can be applied to all the antenna devices of the other embodiments described above.

Next, embodiments of the present invention mainly aimed at improving the gain will be described.

FIG. 126 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numeral 4003 denotes a conductive ground plane, which is connected to the conductive ground plane 4003 via a first ground connection portion 4005.
The antenna main element 4001 is connected substantially in parallel. Further, a connection portion between the main element 4001 and the first ground connection portion 4005 is separately grounded 4007. Further, a power supply terminal 4006 is connected in the middle of the main element 4001, and the power supply terminal 4006 is connected to the power supply terminal 4006.
Are connected to the ground 4007.

Further, the antenna element 400
Along with 1, a parasitic element 4002 is connected to the conductor ground plane 4003 via another second ground connection part 4004.

By providing the parasitic element 4002 in this way, as can be seen from the graphs of FIGS. 139 and 149, the gain can be improved. A white square line indicates an ideal monopole line, a black square line indicates one element, and a black circle line indicates an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the gain characteristics are improved in a narrow band.

FIG. 127 shows another embodiment, and FIG.
The difference from the case of No. 26 is that the ground of the power supply terminal 4006 is a conductor ground plate 4003. The gain of the embodiment of FIG. 126 is better.

FIG. 128 shows another embodiment in which the shape of the main element 4001 and the parasitic element 4002 are circular in FIG. 126 while being linear in FIG. There are features. The position of the parasitic element 4002 may be outside or inside the present element 4001.

FIG. 129 shows the element 4001 described above.
And the parasitic element 4002 with the conductive ground plane 4003
FIG. 3 is a diagram viewed from a direction perpendicular to FIG. (A) is a linear shape,
(B) to (d) show bent shapes, and (e) and (f) show circular shapes. Numeral 4010 indicates the directivity. As can be seen from the figure, the case of a substantially perfect circular shape as shown in FIG. Conversely, if it is desired to obtain a specific directivity, another shape may be selected.

FIG. 130 shows a case where the power supply terminal 400 is circular.
6 shows a case where the ground of the conductor 6 is the conductor ground plane 4003.

FIG. 131 shows a case where the power supply terminal 400 is circular.
6 is a ground 400 different from the conductive ground plane 4003.
7 is shown.

FIG. 132 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a ground 4012 such as a larger-sized vehicle body is provided under an electric conductor base plate 4003 with an insulator 406011 interposed therebetween. The size and shape of the insulator 4011 are as follows:
Desirably, it matches the outer main element 4001. When the parasitic element 4002 is located outside, it is preferable that the shape and size of the parasitic element 4002 be the same as the insulator 4011. Further, the distance between the present element 4001 and the parasitic element 4002 is about 1 / 600λ, and both elements 4001 and 4002
It is desirable that the distance between the conductor and the ground plane 4003 be about 1 / 20λ, and the thickness of the insulator 4011 be about 1 / 60λ.

FIG. 133 shows a case where the ground connection portions 4004 and 4005 are realized by one connection plate 4013 in the case of FIG. As a result, the structure can be further simplified and the band can be narrowed.

FIG. 134 shows an example in which two parasitic elements 4002 and 4002 are arranged on both sides of the element 4001. As a result, two peaks of gain can be formed as shown in FIG.

FIG. 135 shows an example in which two circular main elements 4001 are provided in parallel.
6 is connected via a capacitor 4014. As a result, band synthesis can be realized. (B) shows the situation.

FIG. 136 shows the parasitic element 4 on both sides of the two main elements 4001 in the case of FIG. 135.
003 and 4003 are provided. By doing so, the gain of the band combination is improved as shown in FIG. 135B as compared with the case of FIG. 135.

FIG. 137 shows an example in which one parasitic element 4003 is provided between the two main elements 4001 and 4001 in the case of FIG. 135.

FIG. 138 shows an example in which a circular book element 4001 is arranged above a printed board 4015, and a parasitic element 4002 is arranged below the printed board 4015. The main element 4001 and the parasitic element 4002 face each other. The above-described conductor ground plate 4003 is arranged in parallel with the printed board 4015.

Next, an embodiment of a digital television broadcast receiver using the above-described antenna device of the present invention will be described.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 138 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. In FIG. 138, 6
001 is input means, 6002 is delay means, 6003 is synthesis means, 6004 is reception means, 6005 is demodulation means, 6
007 is a delay wave estimating unit, 6008 is a position information determining unit, and 6009 is a vehicle information detecting unit. The receiving operation of the digital television broadcast in the mobile object will be described with reference to FIG.

Radio waves of television broadcasting are converted into electric signals by input means 6001 such as a receiving antenna and transmitted to delay means 6002 and synthesizing means 6003. The television broadcast signal converted into the electric signal is delayed by the delay unit 6002 in accordance with the delay control signal from the combination control unit 6006, and transmitted to the combination unit 6003. In the combining means 6003, the combining control means 6
Input means 6001 according to the synthesis control signal from
The obtained signal and the signal obtained from the delay unit 6002 are combined with gain (gain) added thereto, and transmitted to the receiving unit 6004. Here, a simple operation such as addition or selection of the maximum value can be used as the synthesis method.

In receiving means 6004, combining means 6003
Extract only the signal of the required frequency band from the signal from
The signal is converted into a signal having a frequency that can be processed by the demodulation unit 6005, transmitted to the demodulation unit 6005, and demodulated and output by the demodulation unit 6005. On the other hand, the demodulation means 6005 transmits the demodulation information to the delay wave estimation means
In step 07, the delay wave included in the received wave is estimated based on the demodulation information obtained from the demodulation means 6005.

Here, the method of demodulation and delayed wave estimation will be described. Currently, in terrestrial digital broadcasting in Japan, where broadcasting system standardization activities are being carried out, OFDM is used as a modulation system.
(Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system)
At 05, a process of performing OFDM demodulation and decoding the transmitted code is performed. In this decoding process, various pilot signals are included in the signal in order to perform frequency analysis using FFT and the like and to demodulate data, and to estimate the transfer characteristics of the signal using those pilot signals. Is possible. For example, the delay time can be detected by detecting the dip position and the number of dips of the frequency component as a result of the frequency analysis by the FFT.

FIG. 147 shows an example of frequency analysis in OFDM. When there is no delay wave, the frequency characteristic becomes flat, but when there is a delay wave, as shown in FIG. There is a dip in the frequency component of. Further, it is possible to detect a delayed wave by observing a signal change of the pilot signal or a lack of the pilot signal. Further, it is also possible to acquire data position information having an error from the error correction processing after the FFT processing, and to estimate a delay time of an interference wave based on the information. In the above description, the digital broadcasting system in Japan has been described. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to analog broadcasting and digital broadcasting in various countries.

Next, control of synthesis and delay will be described. The combining control means 6006 includes a delay wave estimating means 60
07, based on the delayed wave information estimated in 07,
02 and a signal for controlling the synthesizing means 6003. A case will be described in which a gain control unit 6061 and a delay time control unit 6062 according to a configuration example of the synthesis control unit 6006 are provided. The gain control means 6061 sets the combined gain in the combining means 6003 based on the delayed wave information obtained from the delayed wave estimating means 6007. This setting method will be described with reference to FIG. The horizontal axis in FIG. 148 is the magnitude of the delay wave, and the vertical axis is the ratio of the signal gain (signal A gain) from the input means 6001 to the signal gain (signal B gain) from the delay means 6002 (= signal A gain / Signal B gain). If the delay wave level is large, especially when the level of the direct wave is almost the same, both gains should be the same.If the delay wave level is low or the delay wave level is higher than the direct wave level, Control is performed such that the gain of the signal from the means or the signal from the input means is reduced and a gain difference is provided to combine the signals. Further, when performing gain control based on the delay time of the delayed wave obtained from the delayed wave estimating means 6007,
When the delay time is large (a in FIG. 148) and when the delay time is small (b in FIG. 148), as shown in the figure, control is performed so that the larger the delay time, the larger the gain difference.

Next, the operation of the delay time control means 6062 will be described. The setting of the delay time to be delayed by the delay unit 6002 is controlled so that the delay unit 6002 delays the same time as the delay time estimated by the delay wave estimation unit 6007. At this time, for example, as shown in FIG. 149, the relationship between the delay wave and the error rate of the demodulated signal may deteriorate rapidly when the delay time is small (point B: about 2.5 μs or less). When the delay time obtained by the estimating means 6007 is small, the deterioration of the error rate can be effectively avoided by setting a fixed delay time instead of the obtained delay time, for example, a delay time equal to or longer than the point B in FIG. it can. However, the upper limit of the delay time given here must be shorter than the guard period added to the OFDM signal. In order to prevent the error rate from being deteriorated due to such a delay wave having a short delay time, the delay unit 600 is used.
In 2, it is possible to always set the determined delay time. As a set value in this case, for example, about 2
By setting the value to twice, the influence of the short delay time can be surely eliminated. When a signal is obtained from one antenna as shown in FIG. 141, a delay time smaller than the reciprocal of the bandwidth of the received signal is given to the signal and added to reduce the noise level of the received signal and reduce the error rate. It is possible to improve. This is because the dip position generated by the added signal can be out of the signal bandwidth. For example, if the signal bandwidth is 500 kHz, the delay time given is:
It is necessary to set it to 2 μs or less. The above-described method of adding a signal with a short delay time is an effective means, particularly in narrowband broadcasting used as a service broadcast for mobile reception, because it has an effect of improving the reception level of the signal band.

Next, how to use the vehicle information detecting means 6009 will be described. The vehicle information detecting means 6009 detects information on the vehicle that is moving and receiving. For example, a configuration is conceivable in which the speed (vehicle speed) detecting means 6091 detects the speed of a vehicle performing mobile reception, and the position detecting means 6092 detects the position. Vehicle information detecting means 600
Needless to say, a navigation device can be used as the device 9, and a GPS device can be used as a position detection device, or location detection by a road control system such as a PHS, a mobile phone, or a VICS can also be used. The detected vehicle information is transmitted to position information determining means 6008.

The position information judging means 6008 examines from which broadcasting station there is a possibility of receiving radio waves at the receiving position, and considers the distance from those broadcasting stations or the reflection due to mountains or buildings. Then, the delay time at the receiving point or the strength of the radio wave is estimated. For this purpose, information such as the frequency transmitted from a transmitting station such as a broadcasting station or a relay station, the position of the transmitting station, and the transmission output is previously stored, or downloaded and stored by a communication means such as broadcasting or telephone. , Vehicle information detecting means 600
9 to obtain the position information. Thereby, the delay wave time and the magnitude at the receiving point can be obtained.

Further, information such as the position, size, and height of the building around the receiving point is shown on a map together with the broadcasting station position.
By considering the reflection and the like by these, the delay wave time and the magnitude can be more accurately known. It goes without saying that a system such as a navigation system can be used as a device for handling information on these transmitting stations, buildings, mountains and the like. Further, since the speed of the mobile reception can be known by the speed detecting means 6091, the next delayed wave can be predicted.
It is possible to follow the delayed wave earlier.

The combining control means 6006 performs combined gain control and delay time control based on the delay wave information obtained by the position information determining means 6008 as described above.
The control method in this case can be performed in the same manner as when using the delayed wave information by the delayed wave estimating means 6007. Further, it is possible to use the information of the delay wave estimating means 6007 and the position information estimating means 6008 in combination. In this case, the gain and the delay time control can be performed only when the two pieces of delay information are close to each other, or the two pieces of information can be used. When the delay information is distant, control can be performed based on the information that is maintained as is or has a large delay wave level. In the above description, the case where the vehicle information detecting means 6009 is provided and the mobile reception is performed has been described.
It is also possible to use mobile reception and fixed reception using only 92.

In the above description, the configuration shown in FIG. 141 is applied to the case where the number of input means is one. However, the configuration in FIG. 142 in which a plurality of input means and delay means corresponding to each input means are provided is also shown in FIG. Is an effective configuration. In this case, even when each input means receives the same broadcast wave, the state of the multipath interference is different, so that different input signals are obtained, thereby obtaining the dip position (frequency) as shown in FIG. )
And at different depths. Accordingly, by adding a plurality of different input signals, signals having different dip positions and dip depths can be obtained, and as a result, the error rate of the signal can be reduced. The receiving operation in FIG. 142 is almost the same as the operation described in FIG.
As control of the delay means 6002 and the synthesizing means 6003, the obtained delay time is appropriately set so as to be relatively set by the delay means 1 to the delay means N, and the gain is set according to the delayed signal. Can be realized. In addition, when the installation positions of the plurality of antennas are sufficiently shorter than the wavelength of the baseband, the reception signal level can be improved by adding the plurality of input signals in the baseband.

As described above, according to the digital television broadcast receiving apparatus of the tenth embodiment, it is possible to reduce the dip of the signal by synthesizing the signals, thereby improving the error rate of the digital data. By setting the delay time so as to avoid the influence of a signal having a short delay time, it is possible to prevent the error rate from deteriorating. Further, by obtaining an accurate delay wave by the delay wave estimating means and the vehicle information detecting means and the position information judging means, there is an effect that the signal dip is more accurately avoided, thereby further improving the error rate.

On the other hand, signals obtained from a plurality of antennas can be used while being switched according to the error situation. The antenna switching condition when the antenna is switched will be described with reference to FIG. First, the C / N ratio of an input signal and a fixed period in the past, such as one frame period, are obtained. When the C / N ratio is large and the error rate is low, antenna switching is not performed. Also, even if the error rate is high,
Even when an error occurs in a short burst and is not continuous, antenna switching is not performed. On the other hand, antenna switching reduces the C / N level of the input signal,
Performed when the high error rate continues. Here, the antenna switching timing may be a guard interval period added to the OFDM signal. It is also possible to calculate the timing of antenna switching in combination with vehicle speed information and position information. Note that the antenna switching timing may be a guard interval period added to the OFDM signal. This makes it possible to switch antennas optimally in response to a change in reception conditions during mobile reception. FIG.
In FIG. 142, the antenna 6
By providing 011 and amplifying means 6012, it is possible to prevent signal loss or matching loss due to distribution, and to perform the subsequent processing accurately.

(Embodiment 11) FIG. 143 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. In FIG. 143, 6
001 is input means, 6002 is delay means, 6003 is synthesis means, 6004 is reception means, 6005 is demodulation means, 6
007 is a delay wave estimating unit, 6008 is a position information determining unit, and 6009 is a vehicle information detecting unit. The configuration of the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 143 is different from the configuration of the tenth embodiment in that the receiving means 6004 is connected immediately after the input means 6001 in the eleventh embodiment. Hereinafter, the operation of receiving digital television broadcasts by a mobile unit in Embodiment 11 will be described.

[0213] Television broadcast radio waves are converted into electric signals by an input means 6001 such as a receiving antenna and transmitted to a receiving means 6004. The receiving means 6004 extracts only a signal in a necessary frequency band from the signal obtained from the input means 6001 and transmits the signal to the delay means 6002 and the synthesizing means 6003. The signal obtained by the receiving means 6004 is delayed by the delay means 6002 according to the delay control signal from the combining control means 6006 and transmitted to the combining means 6003. The combining means 6003 receives the receiving means 60 according to the combining control signal from the combining control means 6006.
Each of the signal obtained from the signal 04 and the signal obtained from the delay unit 6002 is weighted with a gain (gain), combined, and transmitted to the demodulation unit 6005. Here, as in the case of the tenth embodiment, a simple operation such as addition or maximum value can be used as the combining method. The demodulation means 6005 demodulates and outputs the signal.

On the other hand, based on the demodulation information from demodulation means 6005 and the mobile reception information obtained from vehicle information detection means 6009, delay wave estimation means 6007 and position information determination means 6008 determine delay waves, respectively, as in the tenth embodiment. The estimation is transmitted to the combining control means 6006, and the combining control means 6006 controls delay and combining for obtaining control signals to the delay means 6002 and the combining means 6003. The detailed operation of the combining control means and the operation of the vehicle information detecting means in the receiving operation is the same as in the tenth embodiment. According to the receiving apparatus of Embodiment 11,
The processing of the delay unit 6002 or the combining unit 6003
While the frequency and band are limited by the receiving means 1 at the preceding stage, the processing can be simplified,
An effect equivalent to that of the tenth embodiment can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 144, the input means 60
01, a receiving means 6004, and a delay means 6002, each of which is provided with a plurality of receiving means. The operation of the configuration shown in FIG. 144 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Input means 6001, receiving means 6
004, By installing a plurality of delay means 6002, even when each input means receives the same broadcast wave, the state of interference is different and each input means has a different input level.
As a result, dips are generated at different positions (frequency) and different depths as shown in FIG. Accordingly, by adding a plurality of different inputs, the dip position and the dip depth are different, and as a result, the error rate of the signal can be reduced.

(Twelfth Embodiment) FIG. 145 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 145, 6
001 is an input unit, 6004 is a receiving unit, 6005 is a demodulating unit, 6007 is a delayed wave estimating unit, 6055 is a demodulating control unit, 8 is a position information determining unit, and 9 is a vehicle information detecting unit. Hereinafter, the operation of receiving a digital television broadcast at a mobile object or at a fixed place will be described with reference to FIG.

An electric wave of a television broadcast is converted into an electric signal by input means 6001 such as a receiving antenna and transmitted to receiving means 6004. The receiving means 6004 extracts only a signal in a necessary frequency band from the signal obtained from the input means 6001 and transmits the signal to the demodulating means 6005.
The demodulating means demodulates the signal from the receiving means 6004 and outputs a digital signal, and outputs the delayed wave estimating means 6007
To the demodulation status.

Here, the operation of the demodulation means 6005 will be described in detail. Frequency analysis means 605 as demodulation means 6005
The operation of an example of a configuration including 1, an adjusting unit 6052, and a decoding unit 6053 will be described. The signal obtained from the receiving unit 6004 is subjected to frequency analysis by a frequency analysis method such as FFT, real FFT, DFT, or FHT by the frequency analysis unit 6051, converted into a signal on the frequency axis, and transmitted to the adjustment unit 6052. The adjusting unit 6052 operates the signal on the frequency axis obtained by the frequency analyzing unit 6051 based on the control signal from the demodulation adjusting unit 6055.
As an operation method, a method of applying a transfer function to a signal obtained by the frequency analysis means 6051 based on a signal from the demodulation control means 6055, a method of configuring a filter, and calculating,
A method of emphasizing a specific frequency component or interpolating a frequency component considered to be missing can be considered. The signal obtained by the adjusting means 6052 is decoded by the decoding means 6053 into a digital code. The delayed wave estimating means 6007 estimates a delayed wave based on the signal obtained from the demodulating means 6005. At this time, as a signal to be referred to, the frequency spectrum obtained from the frequency analysis unit 6051, the decoding unit 6
053 in the decoding process. As shown in FIG. 147, the frequency spectrum of the received signal causes a dip or the like in accordance with the presence of the delayed wave. In the ODFM modulation method used in digital television broadcasting, the frequency spectrum becomes flat, so that it is possible to estimate the magnitude and delay time of the delay wave. In addition, the magnitude and delay time of the delay wave can be estimated from the phase change or lack of the pilot signal. Demodulation control means 6
In step 055, the adjusting unit 6052 is controlled based on the delayed wave information obtained from the delayed wave estimating unit 6007 or the position information determining unit 6008. Adjusting means 6 as a control method
In this case, the control parameter corresponding to the control signal 052 is determined and transmitted. For example, when a transfer function is applied to the adjusting means 6052, the demodulation control means 6055 obtains a transfer function corresponding to the delay wave and transmits it. Alternatively, a filter coefficient is transmitted for a filter, and an interpolation value is transmitted for interpolation. Here, the position information judging means 6008 and the vehicle information detecting means 6009 are equivalent to those in Embodiments 10 and 11, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the adjusting means 6052 operates so as to reduce the influence of the delayed wave, thereby enabling accurate decoding and improving the error rate of the received digital signal. Has the effect of being.

FIG. 146 shows a configuration using a plurality of input means 6001. In this case, receiving means are required in accordance with the number of input means, and a plurality of frequency analyzing means are required. A plurality of adjusting means and decoding means may not be required by selecting a signal to be processed. FIG.
6, the frequency analysis means 6051 and the adjustment means 60
52, each block of the decoding means 6053 is one for the sake of simplicity of expression. However, as described above, each of these means has a plurality of means according to the number of input means. I do.

In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 146, since the frequency analysis is performed for each input means, the size and delay time of the delay wave can be estimated for each input means. Therefore, the adjusting means 6
At 052, it is possible to select the signal with the best reception state. Further, it is also possible to adjust the transfer function, the filter, the interpolation, and the like as described above for each signal, and decode the signals by the decoding means 6053. Decoding means 5
The third or adjustment means 6052 selects and processes only the signal of the frequency spectrum in a good reception state from the result of the frequency analysis of the signal from each input means, thereby enabling good demodulation of the digital code. As described above, FIG.
In the configuration of 46, the reception error can be further improved by providing a plurality of input means.

In the digital television broadcast receiving apparatus of the various inventions described above, when the antenna has a plurality of antenna elements, the antenna elements are designed so that their angles are different from each other, so that different polarization planes are obtained. It can be installed to have the maximum gain for radio waves.

[0223]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has an advantage in that in an antenna device and a communication system including the same, it is possible to improve reception sensitivity and reduce transmission loss, thereby reducing costs. Have.

Further, an antenna device having good gain characteristics can be provided.

Further, in the digital television broadcast receiving apparatus according to the present invention (claim 38, etc.), the input signal is delayed and synthesized immediately after the input or after the reception, so that the interference caused by the delay wave included in the input signal is obtained. And the error rate after demodulation is improved.

In the digital television broadcast receiver according to the present invention (claim 39, etc.), the delay time and the delay amount are obtained from the signal demodulated or the signal in the demodulation process for the control of the above-mentioned delayed synthesis. By performing synthesis and delay control using the estimated delay amount and time, it is possible to accurately remove a disturbance due to a delayed wave and further improve the error rate after demodulation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a frequency band in the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of the antenna device of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of the antenna device of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a main part of an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of the antenna device of FIG. 22;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view showing another example of the main part of the antenna device according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a main part of an antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of the antenna device of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a communication system using the antenna device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a communication system using the antenna device according to the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a communication system using the antenna device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a communication system using an antenna device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a communication system using the antenna device according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a communication system using the antenna device according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a communication system using an antenna device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a communication system using the antenna device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a communication device system using the antenna device according to the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 36 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 47 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 48 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 49 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 50 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 51 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 52 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 53 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between an antenna and a conductive ground plane according to the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 57 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 59 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 60 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 65 is an external view illustrating an example of an installation place in the antenna device of the present invention.

FIG. 66 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a mobile communication device including the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 67 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a mobile phone including the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 68 is a diagram illustrating an example of band combining according to the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a diagram illustrating an example of gain accumulation in the present invention.

FIG. 70 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 71 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 72 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 73 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 74 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 75 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna device of the present invention is applied to a vehicle body.

FIG. 76 is an external view showing an example of application of the antenna installation location to various parts of the vehicle body according to the present invention.

FIG. 77 is a diagram illustrating properties of an antenna according to the present invention.

FIG. 78 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 79 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 80 is an external view showing an example of application of the antenna installation location to various parts of the vehicle body in the present invention.

FIG. 81 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna of the present invention is applied to a mobile phone.

FIG. 82 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna of the present invention is applied to a general house.

FIG. 83 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 84 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an example of an antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 84 (b) is an explanatory diagram thereof.

FIG. 85 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 86 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 87 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIGS. 88 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams showing an example of the configuration of an antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 88 (c) is a diagram for explaining the frequency characteristics thereof.

89 (a) and 89 (b) are schematic diagrams showing the configuration of an example of the antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 89 (c) is a diagram for explaining the frequency characteristics thereof.

90 (a) and 90 (b) are schematic diagrams showing a configuration of an example of an antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 90 (c) is a diagram for explaining the frequency characteristics thereof.

FIG. 91 is a diagram illustrating an example of application of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 92 is a diagram illustrating an example of application of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 93 is a diagram illustrating an example of application of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 94 is a diagram illustrating an example of application of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 95 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 96 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 97 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 98 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 99 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 100 is a schematic view showing an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 101 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 102 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 103 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 104 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 105 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 106 is a schematic view showing various pattern examples of an element in the present invention.

FIG. 107 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 108 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 109 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 110 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 111 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 112 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 113 is a perspective view showing a specific configuration of the antenna device according to the present invention.

114 is a diagram illustrating impedance and VSWR characteristics of the antenna of FIG. 113.

115 is a diagram illustrating directivity gain characteristics of the antenna of FIG. 113.

FIG. 116 is a diagram showing VSWR characteristics of one element for explaining band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 117 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of another element for describing band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 118 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of another element for describing band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 119 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of another element for describing band synthesis in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 120 is a diagram showing VSWR characteristics when the four-element antennas of FIGS. 116 to 119 are band-combined.

121 is a diagram showing VSWR characteristics when the range of the vertical axis in FIG. 120 is increased.

FIG. 122 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics when the installation distance between the antenna ground and the device ground in the antenna of FIG. 72 (b) is changed.

123 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics of the antenna of FIG. 83 (a).

FIG. 124 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics of the antenna of FIG. 83 (b).

FIG. 125 (a) is a diagram in which a low-pass circuit is provided at a feed terminal portion in the antenna device of the present invention, and FIG. 125 (b).
FIG. 3 is a diagram in which a high-pass circuit is similarly provided in a power supply terminal unit.

FIG. 126 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 127 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 128 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

Fig. 129 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 130 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 131 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 132 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 133 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 134 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 135 is a schematic view showing an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 136 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

Fig. 137 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 138 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 139 is a diagram illustrating gain characteristics of an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 140 is a diagram showing gain characteristics of an example of the antenna device according to the present invention.

FIG. 141 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 142 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 143 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 144 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 145 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 146 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 147 is a conceptual diagram showing a result of frequency analysis after reception when reception of delayed waves is received during reception.

FIG. 148 is a conceptual diagram illustrating gain control of the combining unit.

FIG. 149 is a conceptual diagram showing a delay time of a delayed wave and an error rate.

FIG. 150 is a diagram for describing antenna switching conditions when switching antennas.

[Explanation of symbols]

101, 104 Antenna element (linear conductor) 102 Power supply terminal 151 Antenna ground 152 Receiving element 153 Transmitting element 205 Conductor ground plane 356 Common circuit board 502, 504 Reactance element 1304 Printed circuit board 1357 Receiving amplifier 1458 Transmitting amplifier 1505 Concavity 1655 Duplexer 1806 Multilayer printed circuit board 1853 Resonant circuit loading section 1901 Power supply point 2760 DC power supply section 2961 Receive channel setting device 3003 Dielectric 3203 Coil 3355 Transmit / receive element switching relay switch 3362 Handset 3365 Audio modulator 3503 Diver switching switch 3804 Communication device 3805 Body 3902 Shield case 4603 High permittivity material 5603, 5606 Ferroelectric 4001 Element 40 2 Parasitic element 4003 Conductor ground plane 4004 Ground connection part 4005 Ground connection part 4006 Power supply terminal 6001 Input means 6002 Delay means 6003 Synthesis means 6004 Receiving means 6005 Demodulation means 6006 Synthesis control means 6007 Delay wave estimation means 6008 Position information determination means 6009 Vehicle Information detecting means 6011 Antenna 6012 Amplifying means 6061 Gain controlling means 6062 Delay time controlling means 6091 Speed detecting means 6092 Position detecting means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H04B 1/26 H04B 1/26 A H04N 5/44 H04N 5/44 Z (72) Inventor Noboru Nomura Osaka 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Matsushita Communication Industrial Co., Ltd., 4-3-1 Tsunashima Higashi, Kohoku-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Tetsu Yamada 4-3-1, Tsunashima Higashi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture F-term (reference) 5C025 AA21 AA22 AA25 AA27 AA28 BA26 BA28 BA30 DA01 DA07 DA08 DA10 5J021 AA02 AA05 AA06 AB02 AB06 CA03 CA06 DB05 FA26 FA31 FA32 GA08 HA05 HA10 JA03 JA05 JA07 5J046 AA0 7 AA19 AB01 AB03 AB13 AB17 BA02 BA03 LA02 LA07 LA17 PA07 SA07 TA03 5K020 AA02 DD11 DD21 EE01 EE05 EE16

Claims (43)

[Claims] 1. A conductive ground plane, comprising: a receiving element arranged near the conductive ground plane and having a receiving terminal; and a transmitting element arranged near the receiving element and having a transmitting terminal; One end of the receiving element and one end of the transmitting element are shared and grounded to the conductive ground plane, and the frequency band of the receiving element and the frequency band of the transmitting element are different. Antenna device. 2. A conductor ground plane, a receiving element arranged near the conductor ground plane and having a receiving terminal, and a transmitting element arranged near the receiving element and having a transmitting terminal, One end of the receiving element and one end of the transmitting element are separated and grounded at different places on the conductive ground plane, and the frequency band of the receiving element and the frequency band of the transmitting element are different. An antenna device characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving element and / or the transmitting element includes a plurality of elements. 4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving element and the transmitting element are formed on one surface of a common circuit board. 5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving element and the transmitting element are separately formed on both sides of a common circuit board. . 6. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein a receiving amplifier is provided between the receiving element and the receiving terminal and on the common circuit board. 7. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein a transmission amplifier is provided between the transmission element and the transmission terminal and on the common circuit board. 8. A receiving amplifier and a transmitting amplifier are provided between the receiving element and the receiving terminal and between the transmitting element and the transmitting terminal, respectively, on the common circuit board. The antenna device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: 9. The receiving amplifier is provided on a surface opposite to a surface on which the receiving element is formed,
The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein the receiving amplifier is connected to the receiving element via a through hole provided in the common circuit board. 10. The transmission amplifier is provided on a surface opposite to a surface on which the transmission element is formed, and the transmission amplifier is provided through a through-hole provided in the common circuit board. 8. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein the antenna device is connected to a trust element. 11. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein the reception terminal and the transmission terminal are shared by a common terminal by a duplexer. 12. An antenna element comprising: a conductive base plate; an antenna element grounded at one end to the conductive base plate; an antenna element formed on a common circuit board; and a feed terminal drawn out from the antenna element. An antenna device, wherein a resonance circuit is inserted halfway between one end on the opposite side and the power supply terminal. 13. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein the antenna element includes a plurality of elements, and the resonance circuit is inserted in each of the elements. 14. The resonance circuit according to claim 1, wherein the resonance circuit is a parallel circuit of an inductor and a capacitor unit.
14. The antenna device according to 2 or 13. 15. The antenna device according to claim 14, wherein said capacitor section is a series circuit of a capacitor and a voltage variable capacitor element. 16. A trap circuit having a predetermined resonance frequency is inserted in said receiving element and / or said transmitting element and / or a power receiving terminal and / or a power transmitting terminal. An antenna device according to any one of the above. 17. A band-pass circuit having a resonance frequency substantially equal to a resonance frequency of an antenna is inserted in the receiving element and / or the transmitting element and / or the power receiving terminal and / or the power transmitting terminal. The antenna device according to claim 1. 18. An antenna element formed on a conductive ground plane, a common circuit board disposed near the conductive ground plane, and provided on the common circuit board between the antenna element and a power supply terminal. An antenna device having a receiving amplifier, a receiver having a power supply unit for supplying power to the receiving amplifier of the antenna device,
A power supply line for connecting a power supply terminal of the antenna device and a signal input portion of the receiver; and a DC blocking portion between the reception amplifier and the power supply terminal of the antenna device and an input terminal of the reception amplifier of the receiver. Is provided,
A communication system, wherein power is supplied from the power supply unit to the reception amplifier of the antenna device through the power supply line. 19. The communication system according to claim 18, wherein the receiver includes a power control unit that controls on / off of the power supply unit. 20. A receiver having the antenna device according to claim 15, a receiver having a reception channel setting device for generating a bias voltage of the voltage variable capacitor element of the antenna device, a signal input section of the receiver, and the antenna device A power supply line connecting the power supply terminal to the power supply terminal, wherein the voltage variable capacitor element of the antenna device is connected to the power supply terminal, and an input between the antenna element and the power supply terminal and an input of a reception amplifier of the receiver. A communication system, comprising a capacitor for blocking direct current at an end, wherein a receiving channel is set by changing a bias voltage generated from the receiving channel setting device. 21. The antenna device according to claim 1, a communication device having a reception amplifier and a transmission amplifier, and a reception connection for connecting a reception terminal of the antenna device to the reception amplifier of the communication device. A communication system, comprising: a line; and a transmission connection line connecting a transmission terminal of the antenna device and the transmission amplifier of the communication device. 22. A receiving element having a conductor ground plane, a receiving terminal formed on a common circuit board disposed near the conductor ground plane, and the common circuit board near the receiving element. A transmission element formed on the common circuit board and having a transmission / reception switch capable of switching between the reception terminal and the transmission terminal; and a power supply connected to the transmission / reception switch. An electric wire, comprising a communication device capable of transmission and reception connected to the power supply line, wherein the transmission / reception switch of the antenna device is controlled to be switched using a switch signal when switching to a transmission operation in the communication device. Characteristic communication system. 23. The antenna device according to claim 11, a transceiver capable of transmitting and receiving having a power supply unit for supplying power to the reception amplifier of the antenna device, a common terminal of the antenna device, and the communication device. A power supply line for connecting the signal input / output unit of the antenna device, and a DC blocking capacitor provided between the duplexer and the common terminal of the antenna device and at the input / output end of the communication device. A communication unit for supplying power from the unit to the receiving amplifier of the antenna device through the power supply line. 24. The communication system according to claim 23, wherein the power supply unit is turned on and off using a switch signal when switching to a transmission operation in the communication device. 25. A low-pass circuit that allows a low-band signal including a tuning frequency of an antenna to pass therethrough and blocks a band signal that is higher than the tuning frequency of the antenna to the power receiving terminal unit and / or the power transmitting terminal unit. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna device is provided. 26. A high-pass circuit that passes a high-band signal including a tuning frequency of an antenna and blocks a low-band signal that is lower than the tuning frequency of the antenna through the power receiving terminal unit and / or the power transmitting terminal unit. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna device is provided. 27. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein an area of the conductive ground plane is substantially equal to an area of an outer shape of the antenna element. 28. The conductive base plate is placed in an insulated state so as to be close to and opposed to a main base plate of various fixing devices, moving devices, or automatic moving bodies. The antenna device according to any one of the above. 29. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna main body is installed at a key point of each part of an automobile, a train, or an airplane. 30. A conductor ground plate, an antenna element connected substantially in parallel to the conductor ground plate via a first ground connection, and another second ground connected along the antenna element. An antenna device comprising: a parasitic element connected to the conductive ground plane via a connection portion. 31. The antenna device according to claim 30, wherein the main element and the parasitic element have a circular shape when viewed from a direction substantially perpendicular to the conductive ground plane. 32. A grounding terminal of a power supply terminal for the main element is connected to a joint portion between the main element and the ground connection portion.
0. The antenna device according to 0. 33. The conductive base plate, via an insulator,
It is fixed to a conductive structure larger than the conductive ground plane,
31. The antenna device according to claim 30, wherein the size and shape of the conductive ground plane are the same as the size and shape of the main element or the parasitic element on the outside. 34. The first ground connection portion connected to the main element and the second ground connection portion connected to the parasitic element constitute a single plate-like ground connection portion. 31. The antenna device according to claim 30, wherein: 35. The antenna device according to claim 30, wherein two parasitic elements are provided on both sides of the main element. 36. A plurality of the present elements are provided,
The same power supply terminal is connected to these elements to enable band synthesis.
6. The antenna device according to any one of 5. 37. The element according to claim 30, wherein the main element and the parasitic element are mounted in a pattern such that their positions correspond to the front and back surfaces of a printed circuit board. An antenna device according to any one of the above. 38. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal as the antenna device according to claim 1, a delay device for inputting and delaying a signal from the input device, and the delay device. A signal obtained from the synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the input means, and a receiving means for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing means,
Demodulating means for converting a signal obtained from the receiving means into a baseband signal, wherein a delay time in the delay means and a combining ratio in the combining means can be arbitrarily set. Television broadcast receiver. 39. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a delay device for inputting and delaying a signal from the input device, and the delay device. A signal obtained from the synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the input means, and a receiving means for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing means,
A demodulation unit for converting a signal obtained from the reception unit into a baseband signal; and a signal indicating a demodulation state obtained from the demodulation unit as an input, and estimating a delay wave included in the signal obtained by the input unit. Delay wave estimating means, and a synthesizing control means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in accordance with a signal obtained from the delay wave estimating means; and A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus for controlling at least one of a signal combining rate and a delay time setting by said delay means. 40. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a receiving device for performing frequency conversion of a signal from the input device, and the receiving device. Delaying means for inputting and delaying the signal of (i), synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the delaying means and the signal obtained from the receiving means, and a baseband signal obtained from the synthesizing means. And a demodulation unit for converting the delay time in the delay unit and a combining ratio in the combining unit. 41. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, the receiving device for performing frequency conversion of a signal from the input device, and the receiving device, wherein the antenna device is the antenna device according to claim 1. Delaying means for inputting and delaying the signal of (i), synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the delaying means and the signal obtained from the receiving means, and a baseband signal obtained from the synthesizing means. Demodulation means for converting the signal of the demodulation status obtained from the demodulation means into an input, a delay wave estimation means for estimating a delay wave included in a signal obtained by the input means, and a signal obtained from the delay wave estimation means And a synthesizing control means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in response to the signal. A digital television broadcast receiving device, wherein at least one of the constants is controlled. 42. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a receiving device for performing frequency conversion of a signal obtained from the input device, and the receiving device. Demodulation means for converting a signal from the baseband signal into a baseband signal, delay wave estimating means for estimating a delay wave included in a signal obtained by the input means as input information of the demodulation status obtained by the demodulation means, Demodulation control means for controlling the demodulation means based on delay wave information from the delay wave estimation means, and controlling a transfer function handled by the demodulation means based on a control signal obtained by the demodulation control means. A digital television broadcast receiving device. 43. A case where a plurality of antenna elements are provided, each of which is installed so as to have a maximum gain with respect to radio waves having different polarization planes. Digital television broadcast receiver according to any one of the above.