CN114530703A - Vehicle-mounted antenna device, vehicle-mounted antenna system, glass and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted antenna device, a vehicle-mounted antenna system, glass and a vehicle, wherein the vehicle-mounted antenna device comprises: the multi-band radiation module is arranged on the vehicle, is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals of at least two different frequency bands, and is electrically connected with a vehicle-mounted control unit of the vehicle; the device at least can receive and transmit electromagnetic wave signals in two different first directions and second directions; the automobile external environment light incidence side of each reflecting element is correspondingly provided with at least one multiband radiation module, and the reflecting element is used for improving the radiation capability of the corresponding multiband radiation module on the automobile external environment light incidence side of the reflecting element. The multi-band radiation module is used for receiving and transmitting multi-band electromagnetic wave signals, and the high gain of the vehicle-mounted antenna device in multiple directions is realized based on the enhancement of the reflection element to the signals.

Description

Vehicle-mounted antenna device, vehicle-mounted antenna system, glass and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicle antennas, in particular to a vehicle-mounted antenna device, a vehicle-mounted antenna system, glass and a vehicle.

Background

With the rapid development of wireless communication, people have higher and higher requirements on communication quality. As a vehicle used by people in daily life, a vehicle-mounted antenna is required to have higher requirements so as to obtain better transmission efficiency and signal transmission quality.

At present, a traditional Digital Television (DTV) antenna for an automobile mainly takes a silver paste printed antenna as a main antenna, and the frequency band covers 470MHz to 710 MHz. The printed antenna is directly printed on the inner surface of the glass in a thin line form, but the conventional DTV antenna cannot meet the requirements in terms of directivity and gain due to the limitation of the antenna form and the frequency band characteristics thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an on-vehicle antenna device, an on-vehicle antenna system, a glass, and a vehicle, which solve the problem in the prior art that the directivity and gain of the digital broadcast/television of the automobile cannot reach ideal values.

In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus, including:

the multi-band radiation module is arranged on the vehicle, is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals of at least two different frequency bands, and is electrically connected with a vehicle-mounted control unit of the vehicle; the multi-band radiation module is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals in a first direction, the multi-band radiation module is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals in a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction;

the reflection element is arranged in the vehicle, at least one multiband radiation module is correspondingly arranged on the ambient light incidence side outside the vehicle of each reflection element, and the reflection element is used for improving the radiation capacity of the corresponding multiband radiation module on the ambient light incidence side outside the vehicle of the reflection element.

In one embodiment, each multiband radiation module comprises:

a first feed point;

a first radiating element connected to the first feed point;

a second feed point;

a second radiating element connected to the second feed point;

the first radiating element and the second radiating element are used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals of at least one frequency band.

In one embodiment, the first radiating element in at least one multiband radiating module comprises a first radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a third direction, and/or a second radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a fourth direction; the fourth direction is the reverse direction of the third direction;

the second radiating element comprises a third radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in a fourth direction, and/or a fourth radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in a fourth direction;

the lengths of the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are different.

In one embodiment, the first radiating arm is an annular radiating arm, and the third radiating arm is an annular radiating arm.

In one embodiment, the first radiating element in the at least one multiband radiating module comprises a fifth radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a fifth direction, and/or a sixth radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a sixth direction, the sixth direction being perpendicular to the fifth direction;

the second radiating element comprises a seventh radiating arm connected with the second feed point and extending along the sixth direction, an eighth radiating arm extending along the reverse direction of the sixth direction and a ninth radiating arm used for connecting the terminal end of the seventh radiating arm and the starting end of the eighth radiating arm; and/or a tenth radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in a sixth direction;

the lengths of the fifth radiation arm, the sixth radiation arm, the first combination branch and the tenth radiation arm are different, and the first combination branch comprises a seventh radiation arm, an eighth radiation arm and a ninth radiation arm.

In one embodiment, the second radiating element includes an eighth radiating arm and a tenth radiating arm, and the eighth radiating arm and the tenth radiating arm at least partially overlap in the fifth direction.

In one embodiment, the first radiating element in the at least one multiband radiating module comprises an eleventh radiating arm extending in the seventh direction, and a point on the eleventh radiating arm is connected to the first feed point, and/or a twelfth radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in the seventh direction;

the second radiation element comprises a thirteenth radiation arm connected with the second feed point and extending along the eighth direction, a fourteenth radiation arm extending along the direction opposite to the eighth direction, and a fifteenth radiation arm for connecting the terminal end of the thirteenth radiation arm and the starting end of the fourteenth radiation arm; and/or a sixteenth radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in a seventh direction;

the length of a part of the eleventh radiation arm, which extends from the first feed point along the seventh direction, a part of the eleventh radiation arm, which extends along the reverse direction of the seventh direction, the length of the twelfth radiation arm, the length of the second combined branch and the length of the sixteenth radiation arm are different;

wherein the second combined branch comprises a thirteenth radiation arm, a fourteenth radiation arm and a fifteenth radiation arm.

In one embodiment, the starting end of the sixteenth radiating arm is connected to a point on the thirteenth radiating arm.

In one embodiment, the multiband radiation module is used for transceiving at least two of the following frequency band signals:

the electromagnetic wave signal of the television broadcasting frequency band, the electromagnetic wave signal of the 810-960 MHz frequency band, the electromagnetic wave signal of the 1.429-1.501 GHz frequency band and the GPS signal.

In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus further includes:

and the feed network is arranged on the vehicle, is electrically connected with each multi-band radiation module and is used for electrically connecting the vehicle-mounted control unit.

On the other hand, the vehicle-mounted antenna system comprises a vehicle-mounted control unit and the vehicle-mounted antenna device.

The glass comprises a glass piece and the vehicle-mounted antenna device, wherein each multiband radiation module in the vehicle-mounted antenna device is arranged on the glass piece or at least partially embedded in the glass piece; the reflective element is arranged on the side of the glass element facing away from the ambient light.

The present application further provides a vehicle, comprising:

a vehicle body;

the vehicle-mounted control unit is correspondingly arranged on the vehicle body;

at least one of the above glasses; each glass is correspondingly arranged on the vehicle body.

In one embodiment, the glass comprises a front windshield, and/or a side window, and/or a rear windshield, and/or a roof window.

The vehicle-mounted antenna device, the vehicle-mounted antenna system, the glass and the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application have the following beneficial effects at least:

according to the vehicle-mounted antenna device, the multi-band signal is transmitted and received by providing the at least two multi-band radiation modules supporting multi-band electromagnetic wave signal transmission and reception, the signal is enhanced based on the reflection element, so that the gain of a single multi-band radiation module on the light incidence side of the environment outside the vehicle is greatly enhanced, the multi-band radiation modules are arranged in multiple directions, multi-channel multi-band electromagnetic wave signal transmission and reception are achieved, and the performances of the vehicle-mounted antenna in the aspects of directivity and gain are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus provided in an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of antenna gain patterns for two cases with and without reflective elements in one embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiband radiation device in the vehicle-mounted antenna device provided in one embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiband radiation device in a vehicle-mounted antenna device provided in another embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure of a multiband radiation device in a vehicle-mounted antenna device according to still another embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a glass in one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle in one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a gain pattern of a two-channel vehicle antenna system in one embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a gain pattern of a four-channel vehicle antenna system in one embodiment;

fig. 10 is a gain pattern of a six-channel vehicle antenna system in one embodiment.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "adjacent to," "connected to" or "coupled to" other elements, it can be directly on, adjacent to, connected to or coupled to the other elements or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" other elements, there are no intervening elements present. It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various elements, components, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, layer, doping type or section from another element, component, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

Spatial relational terms, such as "under," "below," "under," "over," and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements or features described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. In addition, the device may comprise additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," or "having," and the like, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

The angle diversity antenna receives electromagnetic wave signals through a plurality of different paths and reaches a receiving end at different angles so as to improve the high performance of the antenna. The receiving end can separate the signals from different directions by using the receiving antennas with different sharp directivities, and because the components have mutually independent fading characteristics, the angle diversity can be realized and the anti-fading effect can be obtained. The angle diversity antenna is mainly applied to the high-frequency field at present.

The traditional digital broadcast/television antenna (DTV antenna, 470 MHz-710 MHz frequency band) of the car mainly uses silver paste printing antenna as main, the antenna is directly printed on the inner surface of the glass in the form of thin line, and the size of the low-frequency band antenna is larger, and the performance of the antenna is easily influenced by the car body.

The limitation of the antenna form and the characteristics of the frequency band cause that the traditional automobile digital broadcasting/television cannot reach ideal values in the aspects of directivity and gain. It is usually necessary to compensate for the gain defect with a high gain amplifier, but this also results in the noise signal being enhanced. DTV antenna frequency range is lower, the wavelength is longer, corresponding antenna size is bigger, the size is usually a quarter of the wave length of received electric wave, seriously influences the pleasing to the eye when applying on the car glass.

In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus, which is applied to a vehicle, as shown in fig. 1. The device specifically includes: the multi-band radiation module comprises at least two multi-band radiation modules 20, wherein each multi-band radiation module 20 is arranged on the vehicle, is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals of at least two different frequency bands, and is electrically connected with a vehicle-mounted control unit 60 of the vehicle; wherein, at least one multiband radiation module (20) is used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals in a first direction, and at least one multiband radiation module (20) is used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals in a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction. So as to receive and transmit electromagnetic wave signals of a plurality of frequency bands in a plurality of directions, in addition, the device also comprises at least one reflecting element 40, the reflecting element 40 is installed in the vehicle, and the light incidence side of the environment outside the vehicle of each reflecting element 40 is correspondingly provided with at least one multiband radiation module 20, for example, one reflecting element 40 can correspond to one multiband radiation module 20, or one reflecting element 40 can correspond to two or more multiband radiation modules 20, which is determined by the size of the applied vehicle and the requirements of users, for example, if the multiband radiation module 20 is installed on the glass of the vehicle window, in order to avoid the influence of the overlarge area of the reflecting element 40 matched with the multiband radiation module on the visual field during driving, at the moment, a single reflecting element 40 can correspond to one multiband radiation module 20, and each multiband radiation module 20 can be dispersedly arranged on one or more pieces of glass of the vehicle, the multi-angle diversity receiving and sending of electromagnetic wave signals of multiple frequency bands is achieved, information interaction between the vehicle-mounted control unit 60 and external equipment is achieved, the radiation capability of the corresponding multi-band radiation module 20 on the vehicle-mounted ambient light incident side of the reflection element 40 can be improved through the reflection element 40, the requirement on the length of the radiation arm of the multi-band radiation module 20 can be reduced, and the size of the vehicle-mounted antenna device is reduced.

The reflective element 40 may be a reflective straight plate or a reflective plate with a curved surface structure, and the specific form thereof may be determined according to the installation position of the corresponding multiband radiation module 20, for example, if the corresponding multiband radiation module 20 is embedded on the front windshield, the reflective element 40 may select a curved surface structure matching the curvature of the front windshield. When the distribution area of the corresponding multiband radiation module 20 is small, the straight-plate type reflection element 40 can be uniformly adopted to enhance the radiation capability, and the gain is improved. By using the reflecting element 40, the radiation capability and gain of the antenna device outside the vehicle can be enhanced, thereby improving the receiving sensitivity of signals, enhancing the receiving capability of the vehicle-mounted antenna device, and the reflecting element 40 also can block and shield other electric waves from the inner side of the vehicle on the side of the reflecting element 40 far away from the ambient light, so as to prevent the electric waves from interfering the receiving and sending of signals outside the vehicle by the antenna device.

The vehicle-mounted antenna device realizes the transceiving of multi-band signals by providing at least two multi-band radiation modules 20 supporting the transceiving of multi-band electromagnetic wave signals, and greatly enhances the gain of a single multi-band radiation module 20 on the light incidence side of the environment outside the vehicle based on the enhancement of the signals by the reflection element 40, and realizes the transceiving of multi-channel and multi-band electromagnetic wave signals by arranging the multi-band radiation modules 20 in multiple directions, thereby improving the performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna in the aspects of directivity and gain.

The multiband radiation module 20 can be electrically connected with the onboard control unit 60 through a feed point and a feed line 82. The feeder 82 may be a microstrip line, and may be disposed on a dielectric substrate to implement transmission of a wave signal, so as to implement communication between the vehicle-mounted control unit 60 and an external device. The On-board Control Unit 60 may be an On-board computer (On-board computer), an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), or the like.

In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the multiband radiation module 20 includes, but is not limited to, a Digital Television (DTV) frequency band: 470MHz to 710 MHz. By combining the reflection enhancement and the angle diversity setting described in the above embodiments, a scheme of high-sensitivity reception of low-frequency band signals by a small-volume antenna device can be implemented. The installation space required when the automobile is installed on the automobile can be reduced, for example, when the automobile is installed on a window glass, a larger visual field can be obtained, and the performance of the automobile in the visual field can be improved.

In one embodiment, the distance between the reflective element 40 and its corresponding multiband radiation module 20 may be a distance between wavelengths 1/20 to 1/4.

Since the wavelength of the DTV band is large, in the range of 422.5mm to 638.3mm, the closer the reflection element 40 is to the mounting substrate (e.g., the mounting substrate may be a vehicle-mounted glass) of the multiband radiation module 20 is better for the integration of the system. Thus, in one embodiment, one-twentieth of a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency can be selected as the distance of the reflective element 40 from its corresponding multi-band radiation module 20. For example, the radiation arm for transceiving DTV band signals in the multiband radiation module 20 may be disposed at a position about 25mm from the reflection element 40.

The effective reflection area of the reflection element 40 is not smaller than the area occupied by the corresponding multiband radiation module 20 on the mounting substrate (such as vehicle-mounted glass), so as to ensure the effect of improving the gain. The reflecting element 40 can be made of aluminum alloy with a small loss value, and can be welded behind a front windshield sheet metal part of the vehicle (as shown in fig. 1), and can also be applied to a rear side window and a rear windshield sheet metal part of the vehicle. For the installation and size setting of the reflective element 40 when applied to the rear side window and the sheet metal part of the rear windshield of the vehicle, the implementation of the front windshield installation in fig. 1 can be referred to, and the specific installation size and the distance from the corresponding multiband radiation module 20 can be adjusted according to the debugging result of the antenna device.

Referring to fig. 2, a comparison of the results of the gain direction test before and after the application of the reflective element 40 to the left side of the front windshield of fig. 1 (the left side being the left side of the front windshield at the viewing angle where the user is located inside the vehicle cabin and facing the front windshield), wherein the gains are both results in horizontal polarization. The dotted line in fig. 2 is a pattern diagram showing the gain test result of the vehicle-mounted antenna device on the left side of the front windshield glass before the reflecting element 40 is used, and the solid line shows the gain test result of the antenna device on the left side of the front windshield glass after the reflecting element 40 is used. It can be clearly seen that: the gain of the directivity pattern near 30 ° after the addition of the reflective element 40 is significantly larger in the main direction than before the addition of the reflective element 40, and the radiation direction is more concentrated in the main direction, i.e., the ambient light incident side outside the vehicle. The average gain is increased by about 2.25dB after the reflection element 40 is added, and the performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna device is enhanced to a certain extent.

In one embodiment, the at least two multiband radiation modules 20 are used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals in at least two directions to realize angle diversity, and can be realized by arranging two multiband radiation modules 20 with different radiation main directions on the same side of the vehicle, or by arranging two multiband radiation modules 20 with different radiation main directions on different sides of the vehicle. For example, two multiband radiation modules 20 with different radiation main directions can be arranged at the front position of the vehicle to realize angle diversity, electromagnetic wave signals can be transmitted and received from all directions, and the requirements on the size of the radiation module are reduced by matching with the installation of the reflection element 40, so that the design with small volume is realized.

For another example, a multiband radiation module 20 and a corresponding reflection element 40 may be respectively disposed on two rear side windows of a vehicle to realize signal transceiving on the left and right sides of the vehicle body, and on the basis, the multiband radiation module 20 and the corresponding reflection element 40 may be mounted on a position overlapping a front windshield and a rear windshield of the vehicle to realize signal transceiving of more channels and enhance the angle diversity effect. The omnidirectional and high-gain characteristics of the vehicle-mounted antenna device are realized, and in addition, the effect of angle diversity can be more obvious by increasing the number of channels of each frequency band antenna.

In order to further improve the angle diversity effect, in one embodiment, the distance between every two multiband radiation modules 20 should be greater than or equal to 0.6 wavelengths, i.e. the distance d is greater than or equal to 0.6 λ, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signals to be transmitted and received, and the wavelength of a certain frequency band can be represented by the wavelength of the center frequency of the frequency band. For example, an odd multiple of 1/4 wavelengths may be selected, and tests have shown that this spacing parameter selection achieves better diversity. The interval between every two multiband radiation modules 20 may be set to 0.75 λ or set to about 0.75 λ.

In one embodiment, each multiband radiation module 20 comprises: a first feed point; a first radiating element connected to the first feed point; a second feed point; a second radiating element connected to the second feed point; the first radiating element and the second radiating element are used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals of at least one frequency band. The feeding point refers to an electrical connection point capable of performing electromagnetic wave signal transmission. By adopting the implementation mode of the bipolar antenna, the stability of the vehicle-mounted antenna device can be improved. Each radiating element can realize the transceiving of electromagnetic wave signals of at least one frequency band through the wiring arrangement of the radiating arm, the bipolar multi-band radiating module 20 can realize the transceiving of signals of at least two frequency bands, and the matched first radiating element and the matched second radiating element can be correspondingly arranged according to the application environment of the vehicle-mounted antenna device and the frequency band of the signals required to be interacted, so as to meet the interaction requirement under the determined application environment.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a multiband radiation module 21 is provided, the vehicle-mounted antenna arrangement comprising at least one multiband radiation module 21, the first radiating element of which comprises a first radiating arm 213 connected to the first feed point 211 and extending in a third direction, and/or a second radiating arm 214 connected to the first feed point 211 and extending in a fourth direction; the fourth direction is the reverse direction of the third direction; the second radiating element comprises a third radiating arm 215 connected to the second feed 212 and extending in a fourth direction, and/or a fourth radiating arm 216 connected to the second feed 212 and extending in a fourth direction; the lengths of the first radiating arm 213, the second radiating arm 214, the third radiating arm 215 and the fourth radiating arm 216 are different from each other.

For better illustration of the implementation manner of the installation of the first and second radiating elements, the third and fourth directions and the arrangement of each radiating arm can be shown by taking the installation position on the front windshield of the vehicle as an example in fig. 3. In the view angle of fig. 3, when the multiband radiation module and the reflection element are arranged on the front windshield of the vehicle, the multiband radiation module can be integrated at the glass black edge position of the front windshield of the vehicle, the multiband radiation module can be arranged on the inner surface of the glass or embedded in the glass interlayer, and the radiation module and the reflection element corresponding to the radiation module are arranged at the glass black edge position, so that the aesthetic degree of the vehicle can be improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first radiating arm 213 is a ring-shaped radiating arm, and the third radiating arm 215 is a ring-shaped radiating arm. The annular radiation arm can reduce the area required by the installation of the multiband radiation module, so that the multiband radiation module is more miniaturized. As shown in fig. 3, the second radiating arm 214 may be flush with an edge of the first radiating arm 213 extending in the third direction F3, reducing the volume. The sides of the fourth radiating arm 216 and the third radiating arm 215 in the extending direction may be disposed at a parallel interval. The annular radiating arm may have a quadrangular ring structure. When the vehicle-mounted antenna device is mounted on the left side of the front windshield 101 when the user faces the front windshield 101 in the vehicle, the third direction F3 may refer to a direction that is flush with the glass black edge and on the right side of the user. Of course, the installation mode of the vehicle-mounted antenna device is not limited to this, and an appropriate installation position may be selected according to the specific form of the vehicle.

The first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 are implemented by using quadrilateral electrical connection points, and one side of each feed point can be parallel to the glass black side, so that the arrangement of the radiation arm shown in fig. 3 is conveniently implemented on the basis. In some embodiments, the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 212 may be square electrical connection points with a side of 6 mm.

In one embodiment, the dimensions of the radiating arms in fig. 3 can be set as follows, but it should be noted that the choice of the dimensions of the radiating elements is not limited to the arrangement of the distances:

when the first radiation arm 213 has a quadrangular ring-shaped structure, its extension length in the third direction F3 is 48mm, and its extension length in a direction perpendicular to the third direction F3 is 7 mm. The length of the second radiating arm 214 is 13mm to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals in a high frequency band, so that the gain of the vehicle-mounted antenna device in a high frequency part is ensured. When the third radiating arm 215 has a quadrilateral ring-shaped structure, the extension length thereof in the fourth direction is 72mm, and the extension length thereof in the direction perpendicular to the fourth direction is 7mm, that is, the first radiating arm 213 and the third radiating arm 215 may be disposed on the same side of the feed point as shown in fig. 3, and extend the same length in the direction perpendicular to the third direction F3, thereby reducing the installation volume of the antenna device. The length of the fourth radiating arm 216 may be 48 mm. Through set up the radiation arm of different length in third direction F3 and the direction perpendicular thereto, realize the receiving and dispatching of different frequency channel signals.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, another multiband radiation module is provided, in which at least one multiband radiation module 22 may be used, the first radiation element of which comprises a fifth radiation arm 223 connected to the first feed point 221 and extending in a fifth direction F5, and/or a sixth radiation arm 224 connected to the first feed point 221 and extending in a sixth direction, the sixth direction being perpendicular to the fifth direction F5; the second radiating element includes a seventh radiating arm connected to the second feed point 222 and extending in the sixth direction, an eighth radiating arm extending in a direction opposite to the sixth direction, and a ninth radiating arm for connecting a terminal end of the seventh radiating arm and a start end of the eighth radiating arm; and/or a tenth radiating arm 226 connected to the second feed point 222 and extending in a sixth direction; the lengths of the fifth radiating arm 223, the sixth radiating arm 224, the first combined branch 225 and the tenth radiating arm 226 are different, and the first combined branch 225 includes a seventh radiating arm, an eighth radiating arm and a ninth radiating arm.

For better illustration of the implementation of the installation of the first and second radiating elements, the fifth direction F5 and the sixth direction and the arrangement of the radiating arms can be shown by taking the installation in the rear side window glass 102 of the vehicle as an example in fig. 4. In the view of fig. 4, the vehicle-mounted antenna device is a bipolar antenna having a first feed point 221 and a second feed point 222 each having a square shape of 6mm on a side, and the upper and lower boundaries of each feed point may be parallel to the black edge of the vehicle rear side window glass 102 so as to lead out the radiation arm from the corner of the feed point as shown in fig. 4.

In one embodiment, the sixth radiating arm 224 may extend downward from the lower left corner of the first feeding point toward a direction parallel to the glass black edge, and has a length of 8.5 mm. The fifth radiating arm 223 may extend 72mm from a point on the first feeding point or the sixth radiating arm 224 in a fifth direction F5 perpendicular to the glass black edge. The fifth radiation arm 223 may extend from a node at which the sixth radiation arm 224 is 1.5mm from the first feeding point to an end point.

The tenth radiating arm 226 extends downwards from the lower right corner of the second feed point 222 along the sixth direction parallel to the glass black edge to the end point, and the length is 36 mm; the first combined branch 225 extends downwards 72mm from the left lower corner of the second feeding point along the sixth direction parallel to the glass black edge, then extends 7.2mm towards the right along the direction perpendicular to the glass black edge, and then extends 48mm along the direction parallel to the glass black edge to the end point in the opposite direction of the sixth direction.

In one embodiment, the second radiating element includes an eighth radiating arm and a tenth radiating arm 226, and the eighth radiating arm and the tenth radiating arm 226 at least partially overlap in the fifth direction F5. The first combined branch 225 and the tenth radiating arm 226 have at least a part of overlapping portions arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the length of the overlapping portions and the distance between the overlapping areas are adjustable. When the multiband radiation module is mounted on the inner surface of the vehicle glass, the ninth and tenth radiation arms 226 may be extended and contracted to achieve adjustable overlap length and overlap interval. If a silver paste printing implementation mode is adopted, the length of the overlapped part and the distance between the overlapped areas can be adjusted according to a test result in a design stage.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the vehicle-mounted antenna device may further employ a multiband radiation module 23 as shown in fig. 5, wherein the first radiation element in the multiband radiation module 23 comprises an eleventh radiation arm 233 extending in a seventh direction F7, and a point on the eleventh radiation arm 233 is connected to the first feed point 231, and/or a twelfth radiation arm 234 connected to the first feed point 231 and extending in the seventh direction F7; the second radiating element includes a thirteenth radiating arm connected to the second feed point 232 and extending in the eighth direction, a fourteenth radiating arm extending in a direction opposite to the eighth direction, and a fifteenth radiating arm for connecting a terminal end of the thirteenth radiating arm and a starting end of the fourteenth radiating arm; and/or a sixteenth radiating arm 236 connected to the second feed point 232 and extending in a seventh direction F7; the length of the eleventh radiating arm 233, the part of the eleventh radiating arm 233 extending from the first feed point 231 in the seventh direction F7, the part of the eleventh radiating arm extending in the opposite direction of the seventh direction F7, the twelfth radiating arm 234, the second combined branch 235 and the sixteenth radiating arm 236 are different; wherein second combined branch 235 includes a thirteenth radiating arm, a fourteenth radiating arm, and a fifteenth radiating arm.

As shown in fig. 5, the multiband radiation module will be described by taking as an example the case where the in-vehicle antenna device is mounted on the left side of the rear windshield 103 of the vehicle. A first feed point 231 and a second feed point 232 of 10mm by 14.4mm rectangular shape may be used, and the upper and lower short boundaries of the feed points may be arranged parallel to the glass black edge. The eleventh radiation arm 233 may be formed in the seventh direction F7 by extending 7mm upward from the upper right corner of the first feeding point 231 in the vertical direction of the glass black side and then extending 50mm leftward and 76mm rightward, respectively, to constitute a T-shaped structural element. The twelfth radiating arm 234 extends from the lower right corner of the first feed point 231 to the right side in a seventh direction F7 parallel to the glass black side to an end point with a length of 54 mm. The second combined branch 235 extends downwards 62mm (thirteenth radiating arm) from the second feed point 232 to the eighth direction perpendicular to the glass black edge, then extends 11mm (fifteenth radiating arm) to the right side along the direction parallel to the glass black edge, and finally extends 11mm (fourteenth radiating arm) to the end point along the opposite direction of the eighth direction; the sixteenth radiation arm 236 extends to the right side toward the seventh direction F7 parallel to the glass black side to an end point, and has a length of 57mm, and the sixteenth radiation arm 236 improves the gain of the low frequency part of the antenna device.

In one embodiment, the starting end of the sixteenth radiating arm 236 is connected to a point on the thirteenth radiating arm. The sixteenth radiation arm 236 extends 57mm toward the seventh direction F7 parallel to the glass black edge, starting from the junction where the thirteenth radiation arm is 13mm down in the eighth direction.

In one embodiment, the multiband radiation module is used for transceiving at least two of the following frequency band signals: the electromagnetic wave signal of the television broadcasting frequency band, the electromagnetic wave signal of the 810-960 MHz frequency band, the electromagnetic wave signal of the 1.429-1.501 GHz frequency band and the GPS signal. And selecting the multiband radiation module meeting the requirement according to the frequency band characteristic of the signal to be communicated of the applied vehicle. As described in the above embodiments, a multiband radiating module comprising four radiating arms of different lengths may be implemented to support signal communication in four bands here.

The in-vehicle antenna device according to the embodiment of the present application can receive analog television broadcasting in a UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band and digital television broadcasting in various regions of various countries (for example, 470MHz to 710 MHz). In addition, the method is also suitable for receiving signals of higher frequency bands, such as signals of 810-960 MHz frequency bands for automobile phones, 1.5GHz frequency bands (1.429-1.501 GHz) for automobile phones, GPS signals of artificial satellites (such as 1.575GHz +/-10 MHz, 1.228GHz, 1.381GHz and 1.841GHz) and other frequency bands.

In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus further includes: and the feed network 80 is arranged on the vehicle, the feed network 80 is electrically connected with each multiband radiation module 20, and the feed network 80 is used for electrically connecting with the vehicle-mounted control unit. The feeding network 80 is a combination of electrical elements and wires for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals between the vehicle-mounted control unit 60 and the multiband radiation module 20. The feed network 80 may comprise an amplifier 81 as shown in fig. 1, which amplifier 81 may be arranged on the body of the vehicle. The amplifier 81 is connected to the feed point in the above embodiment by a feed line 82.

In one embodiment, the radiation arms in the radiation module can be implemented by silver paste printing.

It should be noted that the multiband radiation module 20 adopted in the vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus may be a structure of the first radiation element and the second radiation element given in any of the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that the first feed points in different multiband radiation modules 20 refer to different, not actually the same, points, and the first feed point and the second feed point are mainly used to distinguish two feed points in one multiband radiation module 20.

On the other hand, the vehicle-mounted antenna system comprises a vehicle-mounted control unit and the vehicle-mounted antenna device. The vehicle-mounted antenna system with the vehicle-mounted antenna device has the advantages that the vehicle-mounted control unit can be in signal communication with external equipment, the functions of television broadcast listening, telephone answering and the like are realized, the signal receiving sensitivity is high, and the omnidirectional signal receiving and sending of a vehicle can be realized.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a glass, as shown in fig. 6, including a glass member 110 and the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted antenna device, where each multiband radiation module 20 in the vehicle-mounted antenna device is disposed on the glass member 110 or at least partially embedded in the glass member 110; the reflective element 40 is arranged on the side of the glass piece 110 facing away from the ambient light. The glass is applied to vehicles, can provide high gain of the ambient light incidence side outside the vehicles, can shield signal interference in the vehicles, and can realize multichannel signal receiving and transmitting in multiple directions.

Taking the laminated glass structure shown in fig. 6 as an example, the glass member 110 may include a first glass plate 111 and a second glass plate 112, and the multiband radiation module 20 is disposed between the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112 in fig. 6, wherein the first glass plate 111 is disposed on the ambient light incident side outside the vehicle. Reflective element 40 may be disposed on a side of second glass plate 112 remote from multiband radiation module 20, enhancing the radiation capability of multiband radiation module 20 on the ambient light incident side outside the vehicle. The laminated glass structure can protect the multiband radiation module (20). Based on the vehicle-mounted antenna device in the embodiment, the high gain omni-directionality of the antenna is realized, the gain requirement on a single radiation module is reduced when the radiation module is designed, the size of a radiation arm in the radiation module can be properly reduced, the miniaturization of the antenna device is realized, the distribution area of the antenna device in glass is reduced, and the large-view design of the glass is realized. Of course, it is also possible for the multiband radiation module 20 to be embedded in insulating glass. An interlayer 130, such as a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film, can be included between the first glass sheet 111 and the second glass sheet 112 as shown in fig. 1 and 6, but not limited thereto.

The present application further provides a vehicle, as shown in fig. 7, including: a vehicle body 10; the vehicle-mounted control unit is correspondingly arranged on the vehicle body 10; at least one of the above glasses 100; each glass 100 is mounted to the vehicle body 10. The vehicle with the glass 100 has good anti-fading effect and high-gain effect in multiple directions by using the angle diversity principle, and provides better communication interaction experience for users.

In one embodiment, the glass 100 includes a front windshield 101, and/or a side windshield 102, and/or a rear windshield 103, and/or a roof 104. That is, the glass 100 having the on-vehicle antenna device 120 may be provided at one or more positions of the vehicle, so that the signal transmission and reception in the plurality of directions of the vehicle body 10 may be realized. If the vehicle-mounted antenna device 120 is additionally disposed on the vehicle body 10, one or more of the three implementations of the multiband radiation module 20 described in the above embodiments can be adopted.

As shown in fig. 7, the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention is divided into cases in which a dual-channel vehicle-mounted antenna system, a four-channel vehicle-mounted antenna system, and a six-channel vehicle-mounted antenna system are mounted, according to the multiband radiation module 20 included in the vehicle body 10, by disposing the multiband radiation module 20 in each position of the vehicle.

In some embodiments, the dual-channel vehicle-mounted antenna system can be implemented by mounting the multiband radiation module 20 and the reflection element 40 (but not limited to the combination) on two rear side window glasses 102 of the vehicle, since each multiband radiation module 20 can realize high-gain transceiving of signals in multiple frequency bands, and the distance between the multiband radiation modules 20 on the two rear side window glasses 102 exceeds 0.6 wavelength. Through experiments, under the application of a selected vehicle model, the radiation of a single multiband radiation module 20 mainly covers the angle ranging from 60 degrees to 150 degrees, and the horizontal polarization gain of the radiation in the main radiation direction can reach about 3.1dB under the action of the reflecting element 40, as shown in a horizontal polarization gain pattern after angle diversity in fig. 8. The radiation of the dual-channel diversity antenna system consisting of the two multi-band radiation modules 20 on the two rear side window glasses 102 not only covers 60-150 degrees, but also covers angles in the range of 210-300 degrees, the coverage rate is doubled compared with the direction coverage rate of a single channel, and under the dual effect of the angle diversity of the reflection element 40 and the radiation modules 20, the overall gain and the direction characteristic are greatly improved. In fig. 8, SW _ L indicates a gain pattern of the multiband radiation module provided on the rear side window on the left side of the vehicle, and SW _ R indicates a gain pattern of the multiband radiation module provided on the rear side window on the right side of the vehicle. It should be noted that, the left/right sides of the vehicle herein refer to the division from the rear of the vehicle to the front of the vehicle, and are intended to help those skilled in the art understand the implementation manner of the dual-channel vehicle-mounted antenna system in one embodiment of the present application.

It should be emphasized that, the dual-channel and multiband scheme is exemplified herein, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited, and the dual-channel signal transceiving of each frequency band can also be realized by arranging a multiband radiation module 20 on the front windshield 101 and a multiband radiation module 20 on the rear windshield 103. According to the angle range to be covered, a multiband radiation module 20 can be arranged on the rear side window glass 102 of the vehicle body 10 and a multiband radiation module 20 can be arranged on the front windshield 101 to realize a dual-channel design, and when facing a specific application vehicle, a person skilled in the art can install the glass 100 at a proper position of the vehicle body 10 according to the communication requirement of the application scene, which is not described herein.

For a four-channel implementation, a multiband radiation module 20 can be configured on the rear side window glass 102 on both sides of the vehicle, and a multiband radiation module 20 can be respectively arranged on both sides of the front bumper to form a four-channel vehicle-mounted antenna system (but not limited to the combination), the multiband radiation modules 20 are correspondingly provided with the reflection elements 40, and the distance between every two multiband radiation modules 20 exceeds 0.6 wavelength. Under a certain vehicle application object, the horizontal polarization gain directional diagram after the angle diversity is shown in fig. 9, the radiation of the antenna system with the four-channel diversity covers other angles except the range near 180 degrees, the high gain coverage rate reaches about 91.7 percent, and the overall gain and the directional characteristic are greatly improved. Wherein WS _ L in fig. 9 is a gain pattern of the multiband radiation module disposed on the front windshield 101 on the left side of the vehicle, and WS _ R is a gain pattern of the multiband radiation module disposed on the front windshield 101 on the right side of the vehicle.

In another embodiment, in order to avoid the situation that the gain is low near 180 °, two multiband radiation modules 20 may be further added on the left and right sides of the rear windshield 103, and form a six-channel vehicle-mounted antenna with the left and right multiband radiation modules 20 on the front windshield 101 and the multiband radiation module 20 on the rear windshield 102, and each multiband radiation module 20 is provided with a reflective element 40 correspondingly. Under a certain vehicle application object, the horizontal polarization directional diagram is as shown in fig. 10, the radiation of the six-channel diversity antenna covers all angles within the range of 0-360 degrees, the horizontal polarization gain at all angles is improved under the action of the reflecting element 40, the average gain reaches 3.4dB, and the omni-directional and high-gain characteristics of the vehicle-mounted antenna system are realized. The vehicle mounted with the vehicle mounted antenna system and the vehicle using the front windshield 101, the rear windshield 103 and the rear side window 102 to realize the distribution of the vehicle mounted antenna system realize the omnidirectional high gain effect, and because the high gain omnidirectional is realized, the gain requirement on the single multiband radiation module 20 is reduced, the size can be properly smaller, and the miniaturization of the vehicle mounted antenna system is realized. In fig. 10, RW _ L is a gain pattern of the multiband radiation module provided on the vehicle left side rear windshield 103, and RW _ R is a gain pattern of the multiband radiation module provided on the vehicle right side rear windshield 103. The left side and the right side of the vehicle refer to the left and the right with the head of the vehicle as the front.

In the description herein, references to the description of "some embodiments," "other embodiments," "desired embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, a schematic description of the above terminology may not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

All the possible combinations of the technical features of the embodiments described above may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. An on-vehicle antenna device, characterized in that the device comprises:

the multi-band radiation module is arranged on a vehicle, is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals of at least two different frequency bands, and is electrically connected with a vehicle-mounted control unit of the vehicle; at least one multiband radiation module is used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals in a first direction, at least one multiband radiation module is used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals in a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction;

the multi-band radiation module comprises at least one reflection element, wherein the reflection element is arranged in the vehicle, at least one multi-band radiation module is correspondingly arranged on the ambient light incidence side outside the vehicle of each reflection element, and the reflection element is used for improving the radiation capacity of the corresponding multi-band radiation module on the ambient light incidence side outside the vehicle of the reflection element.

2. The vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the multiband radiation modules includes:

a first feed point;

a first radiating element connected to the first feed point;

a second feed point;

a second radiating element connected to the second feed point;

the first radiating element and the second radiating element are both used for transceiving electromagnetic wave signals of at least one frequency band.

3. The vehicle antenna device according to claim 2, wherein the first radiating element in at least one of the multiband radiating module comprises a first radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a third direction, and/or a second radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a fourth direction; the fourth direction is opposite to the third direction;

the second radiating element comprises a third radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in the fourth direction, and/or a fourth radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in the fourth direction;

wherein the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are different in length.

4. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 3, wherein the first radiation arm is an annular radiation arm, and the third radiation arm is an annular radiation arm.

5. The vehicle antenna device according to any of claims 2-4, wherein the first radiating element in at least one of the multiband radiating module comprises a fifth radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a fifth direction, and/or a sixth radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in a sixth direction, the sixth direction being perpendicular to the fifth direction;

the second radiating element comprises a seventh radiating arm connected with the second feed point and extending along the sixth direction, an eighth radiating arm extending along the direction opposite to the sixth direction, and a ninth radiating arm for connecting a terminal end of the seventh radiating arm and a starting end of the eighth radiating arm; and/or a tenth radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in the sixth direction;

the lengths of the fifth radiating arm, the sixth radiating arm, the first combined branch and the tenth radiating arm are different, and the first combined branch comprises the seventh radiating arm, the eighth radiating arm and the ninth radiating arm.

6. The vehicle antenna device according to claim 5, wherein the second radiating element includes the eighth radiating arm and the tenth radiating arm, and the eighth radiating arm and the tenth radiating arm at least partially overlap in the fifth direction.

7. The vehicle antenna device according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 6, wherein the first radiating element in at least one of the multiband radiating module comprises an eleventh radiating arm extending in a seventh direction, and a point on the eleventh radiating arm is connected to the first feed point, and/or a twelfth radiating arm connected to the first feed point and extending in the seventh direction;

the second radiation element comprises a thirteenth radiation arm connected with the second feed point and extending along an eighth direction, a fourteenth radiation arm extending along a direction opposite to the eighth direction, and a fifteenth radiation arm for connecting a terminal end of the thirteenth radiation arm and a starting end of the fourteenth radiation arm; and/or a sixteenth radiating arm connected to the second feed point and extending in the seventh direction;

the length of a part of the eleventh radiation arm extending from the first feed point along the seventh direction is different from the length of a part of the eleventh radiation arm extending along the reverse direction of the seventh direction, the length of the twelfth radiation arm, the length of the second combined branch and the length of the sixteenth radiation arm are different from each other;

wherein the second combination branch comprises the thirteenth radiating arm, the fourteenth radiating arm, and the fifteenth radiating arm.

8. The vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a starting end of the sixteenth radiating arm is connected to a point on the thirteenth radiating arm.

9. The vehicle-mounted antenna device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 8, wherein the multiband radiation module is configured to transceive at least two of the following frequency band signals:

electromagnetic wave signals of a television broadcasting frequency band, electromagnetic wave signals of a 810-960 MHz frequency band, electromagnetic wave signals of a 1.429-1.501 GHz frequency band and GPS signals.

10. The vehicle-mounted antenna apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8, characterized by further comprising:

and the feed network is arranged on the vehicle, is electrically connected with each multiband radiation module and is used for being electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted control unit.

11. A vehicle-mounted antenna system characterized by comprising a vehicle-mounted control unit and the vehicle-mounted antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. Glass, comprising a glass piece and the vehicle antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein each multiband radiation module in the vehicle antenna device is arranged on the glass piece or at least partially embedded in the glass piece; the reflective element is arranged on the side of the glass element facing away from ambient light.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle comprises:

a vehicle body;

the vehicle-mounted control unit is correspondingly arranged on the vehicle body;

at least one glass according to claim 12; each glass is correspondingly arranged on the vehicle body.

14. A vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the glazing comprises a front windscreen, and/or a side window, and/or a rear windscreen, and/or a roof window.

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