KR20120068102A - Glass adhesion type integration exterior antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A window attached integration external antenna is provided to acquire excellent reception performance by eliminating signal interference between film antennas for ground wave signals. CONSTITUTION: A patch antenna is attached on a printed circuit board arranged inside a predetermined housing. The patch antenna receives a GPS satellite signal. A ground wave signal receiving film antenna is attached on a vehicle window. A conductive gasket for signal transmission is connected to a PCB. The conductive gasket is connected to the ground wave signal receiving film antenna. The patch antenna selectively utilizes a feeding pin type antenna or a surface mounting device type antenna. The ground wave signal receiving film antenna includes one or more patterns among conductive patterns which provide a DMB(Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) frequency or a WiFi(Wireless Fidelity) frequency.

Description

Glass Adhesion Type Integration Exterior Antenna

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a window-mounted integrated external antenna, and more particularly, a smartphone, a PMP, a tablet PC, and a vehicle navigation terminal or vehicle interior mounted inside a vehicle and simultaneously using GPS and terrestrial DMB functions. When using a multi-function terminal, when the built-in antenna performance is insufficient or when the terminal is embedded in the dashboard of the car, it can be easily installed in the window of the car interior, and at the same time, transmitting and receiving satellite signals such as GPS and terrestrial signals such as terrestrial DMB Excellent reception performance between the microstrip patch antenna for satellite signal reception inside the housing and the film antenna for terrestrial signal transmission and reception and the film antenna for terrestrial signal located outside the housing and close to the microstrip patch antenna inside the housing. Implement The present invention relates to a miniaturized window mounted integrated external antenna that can be used.

In the case of a terminal used for a vehicle, a vehicle-only terminal embedded in a navigation terminal or a dashboard was mainly used, but nowadays, convergence has been progressed, so that a personal portable terminal such as a smartphone or a tablet PC can be used in a vehicle, and it is small and light in weight. As many multi-function internal antennas are installed in the terminal, such as terrestrial DMB, WIFI, and CDMA, but they can be used as personal portable devices due to mutual signal interference in a narrow space, but they are shielded by ground and are not suitable for use in vehicles with high electric noise. The performance of the antenna is poor.

In the aftermarket or non-pore market, the navigation terminal embedded in the vehicle is widely used by attaching the shark antenna mounted on the outside of the vehicle to the roof of the vehicle, but it is complicated to install and expensive. Since it is installed, there is a problem of immersion by rainwater.

Inexpensive method is to purchase and install each external antenna by frequency. For example, GPS external antenna can be purchased and installed on the dashboard. In case of terrestrial DMB antenna, the antenna for terrestrial DMB is purchased and attached to the window. Or, the pig tail external antenna is mounted on the roof of the vehicle, but there is a risk of theft, and some users may use the pig tail external antenna on the vehicle dashboard.

As the number of external antennas by frequency increases, the driver's dashboard becomes messy due to external antennas and coaxial cables and obscures the driver's vision due to signal interference between GPS patch antennas and terrestrial DMB antennas. At the same time, no indoor integrated antenna has been developed that can receive satellite signals such as GPS and transmit and receive terrestrial signals such as terrestrial DMB.

FIG. 1A is an exploded view of a Shark antenna which is a conventional integrated antenna for a vehicle mounted on a vehicle roof, and FIG. 1B is an assembled view. 101 is a directional antenna for omnidirectional terrestrial DMB (200 MHz band), 102 is a directional GPS patch antenna for receiving GPS satellite signals (1575 MHz), and an amplifying stage is separately mounted at the rear end of the antenna.

In general, the GPS patch antenna has a directivity in the patch direction (sky direction). If the helical antenna for the DMB covers the top surface of the patch, the gain of the GPS patch antenna may be degraded or signal interference may occur. Since the antenna housing must be spaced apart from the GPS patch antenna so as not to interfere with the reception performance, there is a problem in that the housing of the antenna becomes large. To implement a 200MHz terrestrial DMB antenna, the length of the antenna must be less than 200 mm. For this reason, there is a problem that a low gain helical antenna must be implemented as shown in the photo (even if a low gain helical antenna is used, the antenna gain can be improved by using infinite ground of the vehicle roof, so the reception performance is not significantly degraded. ).

If manufactured only in the form of a shark antenna, it is impossible to install inside the vehicle, but because of its large size, it obscures the driver's field of view, and when mounted inside the vehicle, the dashboard does not have a ground plane, so the maximum performance was achieved by using an infinite ground plane such as the roof of the vehicle. The performance of the helical antenna is degraded and the shark antenna size is large, making it impossible to mount it on the vehicle window or inside the vehicle.

In addition, as it is mounted on the rear of the vehicle as shown in Figure 1c, in order to connect with the terminal installed in front of the driver, the length of the coaxial cable should be longer than 5M. RG-174 cable, which is mainly used as an external antenna cable, has a 200MHz band (terrestrial wave). DMB band) causes line loss of more than 2dB with about 0.4dB of line loss per meter, and line loss is increased in 2.4GHz band (WIFI, BT frequency band), resulting in 1.5dB per meter. To make up for this, an amplifier (LNA) must be added to the GPS patch antenna inside the shark antenna and the helical antenna for terrestrial DMB.

In the case of the current shark antenna, the helical antenna for terrestrial DMB installed inside is a structure that cannot transmit and receive terrestrial DMB signals, but has an LNA installed and amplified by an amplification stage (LNA) of more than 10 dB behind the helical antenna. It can compensate for the low gain and cable loss of the antenna, but in the future, when the terrestrial DMB broadcasting of bidirectional communication is started, the LNA stage that can receive only cannot be used, and only the helical antenna, which is a pure passive antenna, must transmit and receive. In order to improve the desired antenna gain, the gain must be increased by increasing the antenna size to 200 mm or more, and therefore, a problem that the Shark antenna size becomes much larger than the current will occur due to the performance of the terrestrial DMB antenna.

In addition, most terrestrial signals are not only receiving, but also transmitting and receiving, and WIFI also needs to transmit and receive. For example, in order for the WIFI external antenna to work well, the gain must be realized over 1 ~ 3dBi, but when 5M cable is used, more than 7dB of cable loss occurs, so the gain over 5 ~ 7dBi used in the wireless router (AP) as shown in FIG. Since an external dipole antenna of 100 ~ 180mm or more should be used as possible, the antenna size becomes very large and there is a problem in securing WIFI transmission / reception performance.

Figure 2a is an external pig tail terrestrial DMB antenna (also known as a pigtail external antenna) mounted on the roof of the vehicle and implemented with a monopole antenna or a helical structure partially wound with a screw thread in the middle portion of the monopole antenna structure to reduce the antenna length to 200 mm or less. It is designed to reduce the size, and because the size is large, there is no ground plane that obscures the driver's field of view and improves antenna performance when the vehicle is mounted inside the vehicle. It is used exclusively for terrestrial DMB antennas and a separate GPS external antenna must be installed to improve GPS satellite reception performance.

3 is a commercially available terrestrial DMB film antenna, which is used as a passive antenna without an amplifying stage, and is attached to the upper part of the front window of the driver's seat as shown in the photo. The low pass filter circuit is designed inside the housing to remove RF noise of other frequencies. It is designed to be. Since it is used exclusively for terrestrial DMB reception, a separate GPS external antenna must be installed to improve GPS satellite reception performance.

FIG. 4a illustrates a conventional GPS external antenna. The antenna uses a 25x25mm microstrip patch antenna that transmits and transmits starboard polarization in the sky direction to receive satellite signals. An amplifier stage (LNA) that amplifies more than ~ 25dB is provided.

GPS external antenna is used only for GPS signal reception and can be installed on the roof of the vehicle or on the dashboard of the vehicle interior as shown in FIG. 4B. However, since there is no ground plane in the dashboard, GPS antenna performance is degraded so that the antenna gain can be improved. Install a 70x70mm ground plate on the bottom of the antenna as shown in 4c.

 Disadvantages of GPS antenna and terrestrial DMB using the external antenna in areas where the GPS antenna performance is excellent but the navigation set is embedded inside the vehicle or the navigation set performance is poor. Since each of the DMB external antennas must be installed, the cable arrangement is complicated and expensive to purchase inside the vehicle, and if you do not want to use each external antenna, you need to pay a separate installation cost and install the shark antenna outside the vehicle as shown in FIG. 1.

The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a multi-function terminal such as a smartphone, a PMP, a tablet PC, or a vehicle navigation terminal mounted inside a vehicle and simultaneously using GPS and terrestrial DMB functions. When the built-in antenna performance is insufficient or the terminal is embedded in the dashboard of the car, it can be easily installed in the window of the car, and at the same time, it can transmit and receive satellite signals such as GPS and terrestrial signals such as terrestrial DMB. Miniaturization to achieve excellent reception performance without signal interference between the connection of the microstrip patch antenna for satellite signal reception and the film antenna for terrestrial signal transmission and the terrestrial signal film antenna located outside the housing and close to the microstrip patch antenna sash It is an object to provide an attachable integrated external antenna.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a window-mounted integrated external antenna, which includes a patch antenna attached to a PCB embedded inside a housing and receiving a GPS satellite signal; A film antenna for receiving terrestrial signals attached to a vehicle window; And is connected to the PCB, characterized in that it comprises a conductive gasket for signal transmission in contact with the film antenna for receiving terrestrial signals.

In this case, the patch antenna may selectively use a feeding pin type antenna or an SMD type antenna.

The film antenna for receiving a terrestrial signal may include a conductive pattern for implementing a DMB frequency and a conductive pattern for implementing a WIFI frequency.

The patch antenna may be implemented with 12x12x4 mm or less.

In addition, a 12x12 mm GPS patch antenna may be embedded inside the housing and attached to the edge of the vehicle windshield to increase antenna gain by using ground on the side and top surfaces of the vehicle.

In addition, when mounted on the vehicle windshield, the asymmetric ground surface of the vehicle body can be used to tilt the directing direction at an angle far from the terrestrial DMB radiation direction, thereby minimizing interference of the terrestrial DMB film antenna.

In addition, the radiation direction of the film antenna and the patch antenna may be implemented in a horizontal structure to be parallel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the performance of the built-in antenna when using a vehicle navigation terminal mounted inside the vehicle and using the GPS and terrestrial DMB functions at the same time, or a terminal having a multifunction such as a smartphone, PMP, tablet PC in the car If it is insufficient or if the terminal is embedded in the dashboard of the car, it can be easily installed in the window of the car interior and at the same time can transmit and receive satellite signals such as GPS and terrestrial signals such as terrestrial DMB. The connection between the strip patch antenna and the film antenna for terrestrial signal transmission and reception and the film antenna for terrestrial signal located outside the housing and adjacent to the microstrip patch antenna can achieve excellent reception performance without signal interference.

1 is a view showing an example of a conventional vehicle integrated shark antenna mounted on the vehicle roof.
2 is a view showing an example of a conventional external pigtail antenna mounted on the vehicle roof.
3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional antenna for terrestrial DMB.
4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional GPS external antenna.
5 is a diagram illustrating an implementation principle of a patch antenna.
6 is a diagram illustrating a GPS patch antenna.
7 is a diagram illustrating a first feature of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a diagram illustrating a second feature of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a diagram illustrating a third feature of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a fourth feature of an antenna according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a view showing the internal structure of the housing of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating types of types of patch antennas of FIG. 11.
13 is a diagram showing an example of the design structure of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the multiple patch antenna of 11;
15 is a diagram illustrating another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
16 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
17 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
19 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
20 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
21 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
22 is a view showing another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
23 is a view showing still another example of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
24 is a diagram illustrating a structure in which a GPS signal and a terrestrial signal are connected to a terminal.
FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a structure in which an amplification stage is formed behind each antenna and an isolation characteristic is improved by using a bandpass filter.
FIG. 26 is a view illustrating an improved structure for reducing costs of FIG. 25.
27 is a view showing a structural example according to still another embodiment of FIG. 25.
28 is a diagram illustrating a structural example according to still another embodiment of FIG. 25.
29 is a diagram illustrating a structural example according to still another embodiment of FIG. 25.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a window-mounted integrated external antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In general, the implementation principle of the patch antenna is a fringing field generated between the ground plane of the antenna bottom surface and the conductive radiator (patch) at the top surface of the dielectric as shown in FIG. 5. The larger the fringing field is, the larger the antenna is. The gain will increase. If the patch antenna ground is small as shown in FIG. 5A, the fringing field is excited to the bottom of the patch antenna. Thus, the radiation reversed in the radial direction is called back lobe and reduces the gain in the desired direction. In order to maximize the performance, the back lobe should be avoided as much as possible. Increasing the ground of the patch antenna bottom reduces the back lobe and increases the gain in the direction by the fringing field which is increased between the ground plane and the conductive radiator (patch). do.

If the ground is small (35x35mm) as shown in Fig. 5b, the gain decreases in the direction of the patch antenna, and the unnecessary back lobe increases in the rear of the antenna. If sufficient ground is secured (70x70mm), the gain is maximized in the direction. The beam width is also wider and the unnecessary back lobe is reduced.

As the size of the patch antenna increases, the gain increases as the gain increases, and as the size of the antenna decreases, the gain decreases and the beam width becomes very narrow.To use it for receiving GPS satellite signals, three to four or more dispersed in the sky direction are used. If the beam width is too small, it cannot be used as a GPS antenna.

As shown in FIG. 6, the GPS patch antenna has a conductive radiator that emits radiation at the top of the ceramic, which is called a patch. The GPS patch antenna has directivity in the direction of the top of the patch, and has a maximum gain. When standing vertically over 10mm, the harmonic component of terrestrial dmb close to the GPS frequency is introduced in the maximum radiation direction of the patch antenna, which interferes with the patch antenna radiation, resulting in deterioration of gain and reception performance and poor isolation characteristics. In order to improve this, the reception performance of the GPS antenna can be guaranteed only when the terrestrial DMB antenna is located at a distance from the GPS patch antenna as shown in FIG. 1.

For example, a GPS patch antenna used as an external antenna generally uses a 25x25x4mm patch antenna to maximize the antenna gain. When using an infinite ground of a vehicle roof like a shark antenna, the antenna gain is maximized but the antenna gain is high. As the side lobe is generated on the side besides the direction to be directed, the beam width is unnecessarily widened. When the terrestrial DMB antenna (176 ~ 217 MHz) having a resonance frequency lower than the GPS frequency (157542 MHz) is located nearby, the terrestrial wave Since the harmonic component of the DMB antenna has a resonance point similar to that of the GPS frequency, which deteriorates the gain and reception performance of the GPS antenna, the GPS antenna and the terrestrial DMB antenna should be spaced at a certain distance as shown in FIG. 1.

The present invention has been structurally designed to receive the GPS antenna and terrestrial DMB antenna signals simultaneously without mutual interference by using the characteristics of the patch antenna and the structural radiation direction of each antenna, and improved isolation characteristics by utilizing the following features. And GPS antenna performance.

First, as shown in FIG. 7, interference with the terrestrial DMB antenna was removed by using a patch antenna having a low gain and a narrow beam width. The shark antenna used a patch antenna of 25x25x4mm, but in the present invention, a patch antenna of 12x12x4mm or less is used. Depending on the ground environment, the shark antenna may be used up to 15x15mm patch antenna, and a rectangular patch antenna may also be used. In the case of a 25x13mm antenna, 13x13mm The gain is slightly better than the antenna. Generally, the antenna gain, beam width, and performance are determined by the size of the narrow plane between the width and the length of the patch antenna.

Secondly, when the 12x12x4mm patch antenna used in the present invention is used separately, the gain is somewhat low to use as an GPS external antenna, but the 12x12mm GPS patch antenna is built in the housing as shown in the present invention and attached to the edge of the vehicle glass window to the side of the vehicle. The antenna gain is increased by using ground on the top surface. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the side ground surface and the upper surface ground of the vehicle body adjacent to the patch antenna may act as the ground surface of the patch antenna to increase the gain in the directing direction.

Third, when mounted on the vehicle windshield, the asymmetric ground surface of the vehicle body was used to tilt the directing direction at an angle away from the terrestrial DMB radiation direction to minimize the interference by the terrestrial DMB film antenna.

In general, if the patch is located at the center of the square ground, the beam width is formed evenly around the sky direction, whereas if the ground plane is positioned asymmetrically from the patch antenna, the ground plane is excited in a wide direction and the ground plane is excited. The radiation pattern is concentrated and the gain is reduced in the part without the ground. When the external antenna is attached to the side of the window as in the present invention, the radiation pattern is directed to the opposite side to the radiation direction of the terrestrial DMB antenna. Will be less affected.

Fourth, the radiation direction of the film antenna and the GPS patch antenna is structurally positioned in parallel to minimize the interference by the terrestrial DMB antenna.

In the Shark antenna structure, as shown in FIG. 9, the GPS patch antenna emits vertically (sky direction) while the terrestrial DMB antenna is oriented in a horizontal plane. When the antenna spacing is close, the two polarizations cross each other at right angles to each other and interfere with each other. Isolation will be worse. On the other hand, both the film antenna and the GPS antenna attached to the front windshield of the vehicle emit toward the front, and because the two polarizations are parallel and the beam width of the GPS antenna is narrow, there is little mutual interference. Even if introduced into the side loop of the patch antenna, the gain is low, so the interference is small enough that it does not affect the GPS antenna gain or reception performance.

In addition, even if the film antenna partially covers the radiating conductors (patches) of the GPS patch antenna, since the radial directions are parallel to each other, the interference is significantly lower than the interference affecting orthogonal to the patch antenna radiating direction like the Shark antenna.

Fifth, if the ground is located higher than the conductive radiator (patch) that forms the GPS radiation, or if there is an antenna of another frequency band, the GPS antenna gain itself is reduced, as shown in FIG. 10. The height of the conductive radiator (patch) and terrestrial DMB film antenna radiated from the patch antenna is the same height relative to the windshield, so the signal interference of the film antenna is less and the film antenna is structurally higher than the Shark antenna structure even if the film antenna is higher than 1mm. Although the degradation is small, the Shark antenna continuously covers one side along the direction of the patch antenna in the direction of the patch antenna, whereas in the film antenna structure, one to several points or thin lines are arranged parallel to the patch instead of the antenna radiation plane. Partially patched antenna side Since the interference effect is very small.

Sixth, in addition to the above method, the interference can be minimized by eliminating harmonics that occur in the same frequency band as the GPS in the film antenna, but the optimization of the conductive pattern of the film antenna can reduce the gain of the terrestrial DMB antenna. When designing a film antenna as a multi-band antenna for transmitting and receiving terrestrial signals, it is difficult to remove harmonic components.

 Terrestrial DMB signals that interfere with the performance of GPS antennas are harmonic components in the same frequency band as GPS antennas.When designing terrestrial DMB film antennas, design conductive patterns so that the harmonic components are far from the GPS antenna frequency, or harmonics close to the GPS antenna frequency. Impedance mismatching can reduce interference to GPS patch antennas so that even if a component is generated, radiation does not occur in the GPS frequency band.

 11A is a basic design structure of the antenna inside the housing of the present invention, and FIG. 11B is a structure assembled to an external housing. A patch antenna for receiving GPS satellite signals is attached to a PCB embedded inside the housing and connected to the same PCB. Conductive gasket is a structure that is in contact with the film antenna for receiving terrestrial signals attached to the vehicle windshield, and there is no need to install multiple external antennas for each frequency. It can smoothly provide signal reception and transmission and reception of terrestrial signals.

In addition, the GPS signal and terrestrial DMB signal are internally bundled with a combiner to connect with one coaxial cable as shown in FIG. 11 and connected to a terminal as shown in FIG. 11C. Since the window is installed close to the terminal, the coaxial cable can be shortened to within 1 ~ 2M, reducing the line loss.

If GPS RF connector and terrestrial DMB connector are separated in general terminal, separate signal with DIVIDER before connecting terminal and connect with each coaxial cable or with one connector outside of terminal such as built-in terminal or built-in antennaless structure. If it is connected and separated by divider inside the terminal, you can connect to the terminal connector with one coaxial cable.

The patch antenna used in FIG. 11 may selectively use a feeding pin type antenna or an SMD type antenna as shown in FIG. 12. The conductive gasket connecting between the film antenna and the PCB and contacting the film antenna terminal can use various structures such as a rivet structure or a C clip.

FIG. 13A is an exploded view of a housing type external antenna in which the antenna of FIG. 11A is embedded, and the patch antenna is structured to receive GPS satellite signals by facing out of a glass window, and is attached to a film antenna, adhesive tape, bottom injection molding, and PCB from the left. It consists of a conductive gasket for contacting the patch antenna and the film antenna terminal, an RF circuit stage including an amplifier stage (LNA), and an upper injection structure.

FIG. 13B is a structure in which a patch antenna is protruded by the thickness of the injection molding by removing a portion of the bottom injection molding in order to reduce the overall thickness of the external antenna in FIG. 13A. FIG. 13C is a side view of the vehicle when the integrated antenna of the present invention is attached to the front windshield of the vehicle. Perspective view from above.

The microstrip patch antenna for satellite signal reception can use not only circular polarization but also linear polarization patch antenna. As shown in FIG. 14, when the patch antenna is implemented as a stacked patch, satellite signals having directivity and two or more frequencies can be transmitted and received. Multiband patch antennas can be used.

In addition, the film antenna for terrestrial signal transmission and reception can also be implemented as a dual-band film antenna having a single input and output (Single feeding output) to enable the transmission and reception of the WIFI signal in addition to the terrestrial DMB signal transmission, WIFI frequency in addition to the terrestrial DMB frequency as shown in Figure 15 To implement the conductive pattern may be added in the form of a film antenna.

In the case of a high frequency antenna such as WIFI (2.4 GHz), the antenna length is short, so that the antenna is spaced apart from the film antenna as far as possible so as not to interfere with the terrestrial DMB film antenna. The WIFI antenna can be built inside or projected out of the housing.

FIG. 16 is a two-port output structure, in which the two signals in FIG. 11 can be used as a one-port output using a combiner inside the housing, but when two different frequencies are close to each other or sufficient isolation cannot be obtained. Each antenna reception performance can be degraded, so each coaxial cable is used to transmit signals without using a combiner inside the housing.

In the case of designing a multi-band, a coaxial cable that transmits signals as much as the frequency band used must be connected to each antenna, which leads to a complicated structure and an increase in antenna manufacturing cost.

FIG. 17 illustrates a structure in which the GPS patch antenna is attached to the vehicle windshield in the structure of FIG. 11 and the film antenna is located at the bottom of the PCB, and thus the GPS antenna gain is closer to the ground of the vehicle roof besides the side ground of the vehicle compared to FIG. The DMB film antenna, which can be increased and is horizontal to the roof surface of the vehicle, is far from the ground surface, so the antenna gain is further increased to improve reception performance, but the driver's field of view is weaker than that of FIG.

FIG. 18 is a structure in which the conductive radiator (patch) of the patch antenna faces the inside of the vehicle and receives the GPS satellite signals through the back lobe of the patch antenna unlike the FIG. 11.

When the film antenna is designed as a multi-band transmit / receive antenna, the conductive radiator is invaded to the lower part of the patch antenna. In the design structure as shown in FIG. 1, the distance between the patch top surface and the film antenna is too close to about 1mm, so that the film antenna is at the upper part of the conductive radiator. GPS antenna performance is drastically reduced when the pattern is invaded. To improve this problem, as shown in FIG. 18, when the patch antenna is positioned on the opposite side of the film antenna and directed, the pattern gap between the conductive conductor of the patch and the film antenna is at least 7 mm apart. Distance, and the gain of the patch antenna is slightly reduced.

In the patch antenna structure using the back lobe, the direction of the patch direction is reversed so that GPS satellite signals outside the vehicle cannot be received in the forward direction, but the back lobe excited by the patch antenna bottom due to the small ground of the patch antenna itself is excited. In the case where a lot of patches are covered by the film antenna, it can be used when the gain of the back lobe is larger than the normal patch direction, and since it has circular polarization characteristics in the same direction, GPS satellite signals can be received smoothly.

FIG. 19 is a structure in which a conductive gasket is attached to the back side of a PCB to which a patch antenna is attached and a film antenna is contacted so that the patch antenna direction is the same and the film antenna contact terminal does not affect the GPS patch antenna, as shown in FIG. However, when attaching the film antenna to the window, a part of the film antenna must be bent and attached, so the durability of the film antenna is weakened.

The C pin or other contact pin structure of the contact pin contacted to the back of the PCB without bending the film antenna is designed so that the C clip or other contact pin is extended from the back of the PCB to the front instead of bending the film antenna without contacting the film antenna from the back. It is also possible to make contact with the film antenna attached to the vehicle windshield.

20 is a method of improving antenna performance by separating a GPS patch antenna and a terrestrial signal antenna into two PCBs without implementing on a single PCB inside the housing. In the case where two PCBs are parallel, a method of connecting an RF coaxial cable is preferable. In a structure where two PCBs are stacked up and down, a C clip or a conductive gasket is used to connect the PCBs.

21 is a structure in which a GPS patch antenna is attached to a PCB, and a general terrestrial DMB dipole antenna is connected to a conductive gasket on the same PCB. The patch is attached to the upper part of the car window as shown in the figure so that it faces the window and has the same effect as in FIG.

FIG. 22 is a structure in which a conductive gasket is attached to a back side of a PCB to which a patch antenna is attached and a film antenna is contacted so that the patch antenna orientation is the same and the film antenna contact terminal does not affect the GPS patch antenna as shown in FIG. 21. However, when attaching the film antenna to the window, a part of the film antenna must be bent and attached, so the durability of the film antenna is weakened.

By designing the C pin or other contact pin structure on the back of the PCB without bending the film antenna, the C clip or other contact pins are extended from the back of the PCB to the front instead of bending the film antenna without touching the film antenna from the back. It is also possible to make contact with the film antenna attached to the vehicle windshield.

As shown in FIG. 23, the integrated antenna of the present invention can be used as a parking license plate by additionally attaching a phone number (parking number) to a transparent film part so that a phone number that can be contacted when the vehicle is parked on a film antenna can be described. The phone number can be changed to any location that can be identified inside the film antenna.

In addition, in the same release paper, design with the film cut out so that it can be separated into the film antenna with adhesive tape and the film license plate with adhesive tape, or the numbers are separately attached to the transparent film with the same structure as the film antenna separately. The transparent thin adhesive tape is attached to the back of the film antenna so that it can be removed from the paper when it is later attached to the vehicle window, and designed to be attached to the window. If the consumer is provided with a parking license plate and an integrated external antenna, the parking license plate is integrated. It can be attached separately from the antenna attachment area or overlapped with the film antenna if necessary.

When a cable is connected to a GPS patch antenna and a terrestrial DMB film antenna by a long cable, an antenna gain loss occurs. Therefore, an amplifier stage (LNA) is generally provided at the rear of the antenna.

In case of terrestrial signal reception, LNA can be used to increase the signal reception rate. However, in case of terrestrial signal transmission / reception antenna, one antenna must be transmitted and received.

In addition, in order to reduce cost and simplify cable arrangement when connecting from the housing to the terminal, the combiner is configured inside the housing to bundle two signals and connect them directly to the terminal and connector with one coaxial cable, and then separate the two signals inside the terminal. When dividers are designed and used separately or when the GPS antenna external terminal and the terrestrial signal external terminal are separated like the general navigation terminal, the divider is designed at one coaxial cable output terminal to separate the GPS satellite signal and the terrestrial signal, It can be disconnected and connected to the terminal and connector.

The circuit and output method of the GPS patch antenna and the terrestrial DMB film antenna located inside the housing can be designed as follows according to the intended use.

24A shows a structure in which a GPS amplifier and a terrestrial signal are combined, amplified by a broadband amplifier, and then output by one coaxial cable, and then connected to a terminal. Before the two signals are separated or connected to the terminal as shown in FIG. 24B, a divider is implemented to divide the two signals and connect the two signals to respective external connectors.

The DC power supply is supplied from the GPS external antenna connector of the terminal, and the combiner and divider can be easily designed by combining a low pass filter and a hipass filter or using a strip line using stubs.

Figure 24 shows the lowest fabrication structure, but it is not easy to find wideband LNA components with a frequency band of about 1,300 MHz, such as terrestrial DMB (175-220 MHz) and GPS (1575 MHz), circuit design is difficult, and isolation characteristics are somewhat There is a bad problem.

FIG. 25 is a structure in which an amplifying stage is formed at the rear end of each antenna and a bandpass filter is used to improve isolation characteristics. Although the isolation and electrical characteristics are excellent, there is a problem that coaxial cable cost increases and it is difficult to organize the cables inside the vehicle. In circuit design, the bandpass filter can be omitted in the amplifier stage.

In general, in the case of the navigation terminal, DC power is supplied to the connector for the GPS external antenna, but in the case of the terrestrial DMB external antenna connector, the DC power is not supplied. Therefore, in order to have the structure of FIG. It must be designed to be able to supply DC with connector.

FIG. 26 is a structure in which a combiner is designed inside the housing for cost reduction in the structure of FIG. 25 and configured as a 1PORT output inside the housing, and then a signal is transmitted to the terminal through one coaxial cable to the outside of the housing.

The divider is designed inside the terminal to separate and use the signal or the divider is used outside the terminal to separate the signal and then transfers each signal to the terminal using the 2PORT output method.In the circuit design, the bandpass filter is omitted as necessary. This is possible.

27 is a circuit structure in which a terrestrial film antenna is used for transmission and reception and a GPS patch antenna is used for reception. As the terrestrial film antenna is an antenna for transmission and reception, there is no amplification stage and only a GPS patch antenna forms an amplifier and reduces costs. In the housing, two signals are bundled with a combiner and two signals are transmitted to the outside of the housing through one coaxial cable, and the signals are separated from the inside of the terminal to design a divider or to separate two different signals. It is a structure that separates signals using dividers and delivers each signal to 2PORT output.

In addition, FIG. 27 shows that even when the terrestrial DMB film antenna is not used for transmitting and receiving, in addition to the above uses, the terrestrial DMB film antenna can be used when the performance is excellent, and when the film antenna is mounted on the vehicle windshield, the length of the coaxial cable is short enough as 1 to 2M. Since the signal loss is small, it is possible to use it as the antenna for terrestrial DMB reception and to connect the terminal directly with the passive film antenna without the amplification stage.

FIG. 28 is a structure output from the housing with two coaxial cables without using a combiner inside the housing to improve the isolation between the GPS antenna and the terrestrial DMB antenna in the structure of FIG. 27.

When terrestrial DMB film antenna has good performance or the coaxial cable length is short enough that the cable signal loss is small, it can be used for direct connection with terminal with passive film antenna without amplifying stage as terrestrial DMB receiving antenna.

29 is a structure in which both the terrestrial DMB antenna and the GPS patch antenna are directly connected to the terminal without an amplifying stage when the cable loss is small because the coaxial cable length is short enough. As shown in FIG. For connection or cost reduction, the combiner is designed inside the housing to bundle two signals and connect them with one coaxial cable to connect with the terminal for signal transmission.

Claims (7)

A patch antenna attached to a printed circuit board (PCB) embedded in a predetermined housing and receiving a GPS satellite signal;
A film antenna for receiving terrestrial signals attached to a vehicle window; And
And a conductive gasket for signal transmission connected to the PCB and in contact with the film antenna for receiving the terrestrial signal. The method of claim 1,
The patch antenna,
Integrated window-mounted external antenna, optionally using a feeding pin type antenna or a surface mounted device (SMD) type antenna. The method of claim 1,
The terrestrial signal receiving film antenna,
And at least one of a conductive pattern implementing the DMB frequency and a conductive pattern implementing the WIFI frequency. The method of claim 1,
The patch antenna is implemented in the size of less than 12x12x4 mm, integrated window antenna attached to the window. The method of claim 4, wherein
The patch antenna,
And integrated in the housing and attached to an edge of the vehicle window to increase antenna gain by using the vehicle side and top surfaces as ground. The method of claim 1,
The film antenna,
When the windshield is mounted on the vehicle window, the asymmetric ground surface of the vehicle body is used to tilt the directing direction at an angle away from the terrestrial DMB radiation direction to minimize interference effects from the terrestrial DMB film antenna. The method of claim 1,
The film antenna and the patch antenna,
And a window structure integrated external antenna arranged in a horizontal structure such that the radial direction of the film antenna and the patch antenna are parallel to each other.

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