JP2000146789A - Method and apparatus for tensile test - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tensile testing apparatus by which the burden of an operator can be reduced when a wirelike material is placed on a tensile testing machine or when the elongation or the restriction of the wirelike material is measured. SOLUTION: A scribing device 50 forms scribing lines on a wirelike member 2 at an interval decided based on measured data, about the diameter of the wirelike member 2, obtained by a diameter measuring device 30. A tensile testing machine 6 has a fixing and bonding means 61 and a fixing and bonding means 62 which fix and bond the end part of the wirelike member 2. The interval and the direction of the fixing and bonding means 61, 62 are adjusted on the basis of measured data, about the bend of the wirelike material 2, obtained by a bend measuring device 40. A handling robot 20 moves the wirelike member 2 to positions of the fixing and bonding means 61, 62. The fixing and bonding means 61, 62 fix and bond the wirelike member 2. The wirelike member 2 is placed on a tensile testing machine 60. An image processor 80 executes a prescribed processing operation to image data on the wirelike member 2 which is fractured by a tensile test. The elongation and the restriction of the wirelike member 2 are measured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tensile test method and a tensile test device for examining mechanical properties of a material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a tensile test has been performed on a linear member such as a wire or a rod to examine the mechanical properties of the material. In the tensile test, the linear member is mounted on a tensile tester, and the linear member is gradually pulled. And
When pulled by a certain load, the linear member breaks without being able to withstand the load. The elongation and the shape of the fractured surface of the broken linear member differ depending on the material of the linear member. For example, if the material has a soft property, the linear member elongates and breaks, and furthermore, the diameter of the broken surface is narrowed down.
On the other hand, if the material has a hard property, the linear member breaks without being stretched so much, and the diameter of the fractured surface is almost the same as other portions. Therefore, by measuring elongation, drawing, and the like of the linear member after the linear member breaks in the tensile test, the mechanical properties of the material can be known. In addition, in a tensile test, usually, in addition to elongation and drawing, the maximum tension and the yield point are measured.

[0003]

By the way, in the conventional tensile tester, the maximum tension and the yield point can be automatically measured while pulling the linear member. On the other hand, the measurement of the elongation and the drawing of the linear member has been performed manually by an operator using calipers after joining the two broken linear members. Therefore, there is a problem that the burden on the worker is large and the working efficiency is not good.
Conventionally, at the stage before conducting the tensile test,
Since the worker himself has to measure the diameter of the linear member or attach the linear member to the tensile tester, there is a problem that the burden on the worker is also large from this point. Therefore, it is desired to realize a tensile test apparatus capable of automatically performing a series of operations such as mounting a linear member on a tensile tester and measuring elongation and drawing, which have been manually performed until now. .

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above circumstances, and a tensile test method and a tensile test capable of reducing the burden on an operator for mounting a linear member on a tensile tester, measuring elongation and drawing, and the like. It is intended to provide a test device.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tensile test method comprising the steps of: measuring a diameter of a linear member; measuring a bending of the linear member; At a certain interval determined based on the measurement data on the diameter of the linear member, a step of marking the linear member, and a tensile tester having two fixing means for fixing the end of the linear member. Mounting the linear member on the fixing means by adjusting the interval and direction of the fixing means based on measurement data on the bending of the linear member; and fixing the linear member by the fixing means. And a step of measuring elongation and drawing of the linear member based on image data obtained by imaging the broken linear member. Things.

In order to achieve the above object, a tensile test apparatus according to the present invention comprises a first measuring means for measuring a diameter of a linear member, a second measuring means for measuring a bending of the linear member, At a fixed interval determined based on the measurement data about the diameter of the linear member, mark forming means for marking the linear member, and two fixing means for fixing the end of the linear member, A tension tester that adjusts the interval and orientation of the fixing means based on measurement data related to the bending of the linear member, and breaks by pulling the linear member fixed by the fixing means, and the broken line An imaging unit that captures image data of the linear member; and measuring the elongation and the aperture of the linear member by performing a predetermined process on the image data of the linear member captured by the imaging unit. An image processing unit, the linear member,
A moving unit that moves to each position where the first measuring unit, the second measuring unit, the mark forming unit, and the fixing unit are provided.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a tensile test device according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the tensile test device, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a diameter measuring device of the tensile test device. 4 is a diagram for explaining a bending measuring device of the tensile test device, FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a marking device of the tensile test device, and FIG. 6 is a diagram in which a linear member is connected to a tensile test machine of the tensile test device. FIG. 7 is a view showing a state when the apparatus is mounted, FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a tensile test performed by a tensile tester, and FIG. 8 is a view showing a state when a linear member is taken out from the tensile tester after completion of the tensile test. is there.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tensile tester according to the present embodiment comprises a stocker 10, a handling robot 20 as moving means, a diameter measuring device 30 as first measuring means, and a second measuring device. A bending measuring device 40 as a means, a marking device 50 as a mark forming means, a tensile tester 60, and a CCD camera 70 as an imaging means
, An image processing device 80, a control device 90, and a remaining material stocker 110. In such a tensile test apparatus, the maximum tension, yield point, elongation, and drawing are measured as the mechanical properties of the material.

In this embodiment, a case where a tensile test is performed on a linear member 2 such as a wire or a bar will be described. In particular, as the linear member 2, a member having a substantially circular cross section and curved in an arc shape is used. It is assumed that the thickness of the linear member 2 is uniform.

The stocker 10 houses the linear member 2 and has a number of shelves 11 as shown in FIG.
Each shelf 11 has, for example, an elongated prismatic shape such that a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to its central axis is square. Each shelf 11 accommodates one linear member 2 one by one. Also,
The stocker 10 is installed such that the central axis of the shelf 11 is inclined at an angle of about 45 degrees from the vertical line. Therefore, when the linear member 2 is inserted into the shelf 11, the linear member 2 is stably in contact with the inner surface of the shelf 11 in a state of being upwardly convex due to its own weight. Therefore, all the linear members 2 can be stored in the respective shelves 11 in the same state.

[0011] The handling robot 20 includes the linear member 2
Is gripped and moved to a predetermined position. Specifically, the linear member 2 is moved to each position where the diameter measuring device 30, the bending measuring device 40, and the marking device 50 are provided, or the linear member 2 is moved to a predetermined mounting position of the tensile tester 60. Or Also, the handling robot 20
The linear member 2 is taken out of the stocker 10. At this time, as described above, the linear members 2 are all accommodated in the respective shelves 11 of the stocker 10 in the same state. Therefore, if the handling robot 20 is made to memorize the positions of the respective shelves 11, the handling robot 20 Is the linear member 2 housed in the shelf 11
Can be reliably held. As the handling robot 20, for example, a 6-axis vertical articulated robot is used. The operation of the handling robot 20 is controlled by the control device 90.

The diameter measuring device 30 measures the diameter of the linear member 2 using a laser. The linear member 2 is attached to the diameter measuring device 30 by the handling robot 20, as shown in FIG. Then, upon receiving an instruction from the control device 90, the diameter measuring device 30 measures the diameter of the linear member 2. The measurement data on the diameter of the linear member 2 is sent to the control device 90. As the diameter measuring device, other than the device using a laser, for example, the linear member 2 is imaged by an imaging device, and the linear member 2 is formed based on the captured image.
May be used to measure the diameter of the particles.

The bending measuring device 40 is capable of bending the linear member 2.
And a table as shown in FIG.
41, a first pressing means 42 movable along the X direction
And second pressing means 43 movable along the Y direction;
A first partition portion 44 formed along the Y direction;
And a second partition 45 formed along the same. Each hold
The means 42 and 43 and each of the partitions 44 and 45 are
1 is provided. In this embodiment, the linear member 2 is a circle.
Since it is curved in an arc shape, the bending of the linear member 2 is characterized.
The length L of the straight line connecting both ends of the linear member 2₁
And the length of the linear member 2 along a direction orthogonal to the straight line.
L_TwoIs used. The linear member 2 is a handling robot.
Hand 20 to the bending measuring device 40 by
As shown in FIG.
Can be done. Then, an instruction from control device 90 is received.
And the first pressing means 42 and the second pressing means 43
They move along the x and y directions, respectively. This allows the line
The member 2 is pressed into the first and second partitions 44 and 45.
The first holding means 42 and the second holding means 43 are stopped.
Stop. At this time, based on the position of the first pressing means 42,
The length L of the linear member 2 ₁However, the second pressing means 43
Of the linear member 2 based on the position_TwoIs measured.
Measurement data (L) relating to the bending of the linear member 2₁, L
_Two) Is sent to the controller 90. Note that the linear member 2 is accurate
Is curved in an irregular shape instead of a circular arc
In the meantime, as a bending measuring device, for example, the image of the linear member 2 is used.
Based on the image, the shape of the linear member 2 and the inclination angles of both ends thereof
It is desirable to use one that measures

As described above, each of the diameter measuring device 30 and the bending measuring device 40 that performs measurement based on image data of the linear member 2 can be used. If the cross section is substantially circular, both the diameter and the bending of the linear member 2 may be measured based on one image data of the linear member 2 using one measuring device.

The marking device 50 cuts marking lines at predetermined intervals on the surface of the linear member 2. The interval between the marking lines is determined according to the diameter D of the linear member 2, for example, 4
D. Normally, the interval between the marking lines is determined based on the nominal value of the diameter of the linear member 2, but in the present embodiment, the control device 90 uses the measurement data on the diameter of the linear member 2 measured by the diameter measuring device 30. To calculate the interval between the marking lines.
Specifically, the interval and depth of the marking line predetermined according to the diameter of the linear member 2 are stored in the storage unit of the control device 90 as some patterns, and the control unit 90 uses the diameter measurement device. Based on the diameter of the linear member 2 measured at 30 (or the diameter of the nominal value), the interval between the marking lines is selected from the pattern. The marking device 50 is, as shown in FIG.
1 and a cutting means 52 movable in the left-right direction of FIG.
And The linear member 2 is a handling robot 20
So that the direction of a straight line connecting both ends of the linear member 2 is parallel to the left-right direction.
It is placed at a predetermined position on the table 51. Then, when receiving the instruction from the control device 90, the cutting means 52 repeats the operation of pressing the blade of the cutting means 52 against the linear member 2 while moving at regular intervals (for example, 4D). A large number of marking lines 2 a are inserted into the shape member 2.
The pressing pressure of the blade of the cutting means 52 can be adjusted in several stages.

The tensile tester 60 breaks the linear member 2 by pulling the linear member 2 under a load. As shown in FIG. 6, the tensile tester 60 is provided with two fixing means 61 and 62 for fixing the ends of the linear member 2. These fixing means 61, 62 are configured to be rotatable around the shafts 63, 63, respectively, and can also lock this rotating operation. In particular, in the present embodiment, a swing chuck mechanism is used as the fixing means. The tensile tester 60 operates based on an instruction from the control device 90.

In the present embodiment, the handling robot 20 and the tensile tester 60 perform an operation of attaching the linear member 2 to the fixing means 61 and 62 in cooperation with each other. Specifically, first, the control device 90 controls the bending measurement device 40.
Based on the measurement data on the bending of the linear member 2 measured in the above, two fixing means 61, 62 that can easily attach the linear member 2 to the fixing means 61, 62.
The interval of 62 and the directions of the fixing means 61 and 62 (rotation angles around the axis 63) are calculated, and the calculated result is sent to the tensile tester 60. Then, the tensile tester 60 adjusts the spacing and orientation of the fixing means 61 and 62 according to the sent instruction. On the other hand, the handling robot 20 moves the linear member 2 to the positions of the fixing units 61 and 62.
Then, the fixing members 61 and 62 fix the upper and lower ends of the linear member 2 respectively, so that the linear member 2 is mounted on the tensile tester 60 as shown in FIG.

When the tensile test is started, the tensile tester 60 pulls the upper end of the linear member 2 upward. Thereby, the linear member 2 is deformed and finally breaks (FIG. 7B).
reference). Further, the tensile tester 60 is provided with a maximum tension / yield point measuring device (not shown) as a third measuring means. The maximum tension / yield point measuring device measures the maximum tension and the yield point of the linear member 2 during the tensile test. The measurement data on the maximum tension and the yield point obtained by the maximum tension / yield point measuring device is sent to the control device 90.

In the tensile tester of this embodiment, the elongation and the drawing of the linear member 2 are measured in addition to the maximum tension and the yield point. The elongation in the tensile test refers to the broken linear member 2
Means the rate of increase. On the surface of the linear member 2, a large number of marking lines are cut in advance at predetermined regular intervals. Therefore, it is possible to determine the elongation by measuring the interval between the marking lines of the linear member 2 after the tensile test. it can.

The drawing in the tensile test means a ratio of a difference between a sectional area of the linear member 2 before and after the fracture and a sectional area of the linear member 2 before and after the fracture. This aperture is measured at the fracture surface position. In addition, according to the JIS standard, after joining the fractured surfaces of the two linear members 2 that have been fractured, the diaphragm when viewed from one direction is measured, and when viewed from a direction rotated by 90 degrees with respect to that direction. It is stipulated that the aperture at the time of measurement is measured.

In this embodiment, the elongation and the drawing of the linear member 2 in the tensile test are automatically measured by using an image processing technique. The process of measuring elongation and drawing is roughly divided into three. That is, a process of measuring a break position of the linear member 2 based on an image of the linear member 2,
And a process of measuring the aperture based on the image of the linear member 2.

The CCD camera 70 is for taking an image of the linear member 2. The CCD camera 70 has a zoom mechanism, and can change the magnification based on an instruction from the image processing device 80. When measuring the breaking position, the magnification of the CCD camera 70 is set so that the two broken linear members 2 appear in one image. On the other hand, when measuring the elongation and the aperture, the magnification of the CCD camera 70 is set so that an image in which a part of the linear member 2 is enlarged can be obtained. The image picked up by the CCD camera 70 is sent to the image processing device 80 and subjected to predetermined image processing. Usually, the CCD camera 70 is arranged so as to face the marking line formed on the linear member 2.

The CCD camera 70 is movable in the vertical direction and the front-back direction, and can rotate around the tensile tester 60. When capturing an image of the linear member 2, the CCD camera 70 is advanced to a predetermined imaging position and is moved up and down to a predetermined vertical position. Then, after imaging the linear member 2, the CCD camera 70 is moved backward. The reason why the CCD camera 70 is configured to be rotatable is to perform aperture measurement conforming to the above JIS standard. Instead of a rotatable CCD camera, two CCD cameras may be prepared so that a linear member can be imaged from directions orthogonal to each other.

Around the tensile tester 60, the linear member 2
An illumination device (not shown) for irradiating light is provided.
The linear member 2 is imaged under this illumination. When measuring the breaking position and measuring the aperture, it is necessary to obtain an image in which the outline of the linear member 2 is clearly seen. Therefore, the illumination device is viewed from the side opposite to the CCD camera 70 when viewed from the linear member 2. Light is applied to the linear member 2. On the other hand, when measuring the elongation, it is necessary to obtain an image in which the marking line provided on the linear member 2 is clearly seen.
Light is applied to the linear member 2 from the camera 70 side.

The image processing device 80 performs predetermined image processing on the image acquired by the CCD camera 70 to measure the breaking position of the linear member 2 and to measure elongation and drawing. Further, the image processing device 80 calculates the position and magnification of the CCD camera 70 suitable for measuring the elongation or the aperture based on the measurement data obtained in the measurement processing of the breaking position, and based on the calculation result. CCD camera 7
Give instructions to 0.

The control device 90 manages each device as a whole. Specifically, the handling robot 2
0, controlling the tensile tester 60, the image processing device 80, etc., the diameter measuring device 30, the bending measuring device 40,
It manages various measurement data sent from the yield point measuring device and the image processing device 80. In the present embodiment, the control device 90 is configured by a computer.

The remaining material stocker 110 accommodates the broken linear member 2. When the measurement of the elongation and the drawing is completed, the linear member 2 is taken out of the tensile tester 60 by the handling robot 20 and the remaining material stocker 11 is removed.
0 on a predetermined shelf.

Next, the operation procedure of the tensile tester according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation procedure of the tensile test apparatus.

As shown in FIG. 2, a number of linear members 2 are
One of them is stored in each shelf of the stocker 10 in advance. First, the handling robot 20 takes out one linear member 2 from the stocker 10 and moves the linear member 2 to the diameter measuring device 30. As shown in FIG. 3, when the linear member 2 is mounted on the diameter measuring device 30, the diameter measuring device 30 measures the diameter of the linear member 2 (step 11). Measurement data on the diameter of the linear member 2 is transmitted from the diameter measuring device 30 to the control device 90.
Sent to After that, the handling robot 20 moves the linear member 2 from the diameter measuring device 30 to the bending measuring device 40. When the linear member 2 is placed on the table 41 of the bending measuring device 40, the bending measuring device 40, as shown in FIG.
3 is operated to measure the bending of the linear member 2 (step 12). The measurement data relating to the bending of the linear member 2 is sent from the bending measuring device 40 to the control device 90.
Next, the control device 90 calculates the interval between the marking lines to be cut on the linear member 2 based on the measurement data regarding the diameter of the linear member 2, and then sends the determined data regarding the interval between the marking lines to the marking device 50. send. Then, the handling robot 20 moves the linear member 2 from the bending measuring device 40 to the marking device 50, and places the linear member 2 on the table 51 of the marking device 50. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the marking device 50 forms a large number of marking lines 2a on the linear member 2 according to the data on the interval between the marking lines sent from the control device 90 (step 13).

Next, the control device 90 determines the distance between the two fixing means 61 and 62 of the tensile tester 60 and the respective fixing means 61 and 62 based on the measurement data on the bending of the linear member 2.
62 direction. The data on the obtained interval and orientation is sent to the tensile tester 60, and the tensile tester 6
0 adjusts the interval and direction of the fixing means 61 and 62 based on the data. And the handling robot 20
Are used to fix the linear member 2 from the marking device 50 to the fixing means 61, 62.
The fixing means 61 and 62 fix the upper and lower ends of the linear member 2 respectively. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6, the linear member 2 is mounted on the tensile tester 60 (step 14).

Thereafter, the tensile tester 60 performs a tensile test on the linear member 2 (step 15). That is, the linear member 2 is pulled upward while gradually applying a large load. At this time,
The shafts 63, 63 of the fixing means 61, 62 are unlocked and are rotatable. For this reason, the linear member 2
, First, the linear member 2 is moved as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. Thereafter, when the load reaches a certain value, the linear member 2 breaks, and the load drops sharply. By detecting that the load has dropped, the tensile tester 60 can know the moment when the linear member 2 breaks. The tensile tester 60 stops the operation of each part after a fixed time from the moment when the linear member 2 breaks. As a result, a gap is formed between the two broken linear members 2, and the linear member 2 is held in a state of being separated into two as shown in FIG. 7B. Further, during the tensile test, the maximum tension / yield point measuring device of the tensile tester 60 measures the maximum tension and the yield point of the linear member 2 and sends the measurement data to the control device 90 (step 16). ). Next, the elongation and drawing of the linear member 2 are measured. The measurement of the elongation and the drawing is performed in the order of the measuring process of the breaking position, the measuring process of the elongation, and the measuring process of the drawing. First, a process of measuring the breaking position of the linear member 2 is executed (step 17).

First, the control device 90 controls the image processing device 80
A signal indicating that an image is to be captured. The image processing device 80 sends a signal to the CCD camera 70, and the CCD camera 70 captures an image of substantially the entire broken linear member 2. This linear member 2
When the image is taken, since the light from the lighting device is irradiated to the linear member 2 from behind, in this image (shade image)
The portion representing the linear member 2 has a low density level (brightness value),
The image of that part is dark. The image obtained by the CCD camera 70 is sent to the image processing device 80. Next, the image processing device 80 performs a filtering process on the image to remove noise, and then performs a binarization process on the image. Here, a value of “1” is assigned to a pixel whose density level is equal to or lower than the threshold, and a value of “0” is assigned to a pixel whose density level is higher than the threshold. Thereby, a binary image representing the linear member 2 can be obtained. Next, the image processing device 80 performs a labeling process on the binary image. Then, a predetermined feature amount is extracted for each labeled island. here,
As the feature amount, for example, the number of islands, the area value of each island, and the position of the center of gravity of each island are used.

Next, the image processing apparatus 80 extracts two linear member regions corresponding to the two broken linear members 2 based on the feature amount. Thereafter, the image processing device 80 calculates the position of the fracture surface and the center position between the fracture surfaces for the two linear member regions. Specifically, it is performed as follows. In the binary image, the lower side of the linear member region located on the upper side represents the upper fracture surface, and the upper side of the linear member region located on the lower side represents the lower fracture surface. For this reason, the top (bottom)
In order to calculate the position of the fractured surface of, for example, a straight line representing the lower side (upper side) based on the position data of each pixel constituting the lower side (upper side) of the linear member region located on the upper (lower) side Is calculated. Then, the center position of the lower side (upper side) of the linear member region is obtained using the equation of the straight line, and this is set as the position of the upper (lower) fracture surface. Further, the center position between the fractured surfaces can be easily obtained by obtaining the midpoint of the positions of the upper and lower fractured surfaces. After measuring the position of the broken surface of the linear member 2 and the like, the image processing device 80 sends the measurement data to the control device 90. This completes the measurement process of the breaking position.

Here, the case where the position and the like of the fractured surface is measured using the image has been described. However, the position and the like of the fractured surface may be detected using a sensor, for example.

Next, the process proceeds to a process for measuring the elongation of the linear member 2 (step 18). FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a process of measuring the elongation of the linear member 2.

First, the control device 90 controls the image processing device 80
A signal indicating that an image is to be captured. Image processing device 80
Calculates a predetermined vertical position and an enlargement magnification of the CCD camera 70 based on the measurement data obtained in the measurement processing of the breaking position, sets the magnification of the CCD camera 70 based on the calculation result, The CCD camera 70 is moved to a predetermined vertical position. When the CCD camera 70 moves to a predetermined vertical position, it captures an image of the linear member 2. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10A, an enlarged image of a portion of the linear member 2 broken into two portions including at least two marking lines and having a broken surface between the marking lines. To get. The reason for obtaining such an enlarged image is to accurately measure the position of the marking line of the linear member 2.

When imaging the linear member 2,
Since the light from the illuminating device is applied to the linear member 2 from the front, in the enlarged image (shade image), the concave marking line portion appears brightest, and the luminance value (density level) is the highest. . The next highest luminance value is the portion of the linear member 2 other than the marking line, and the lowest luminance value is the background portion. This enlarged image is sent to the image processing device 80.

Next, the image processing device 80 performs a filtering process on the enlarged image in order to emphasize the outline of the marking line. Thereafter, the image after the filtering process is subjected to a binarization process. Here, a value of “1” is assigned to a pixel whose density level is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, and a value of “0” is assigned to a pixel whose density level is lower than the threshold. Thereby, a binary image representing the outline of the marking line can be obtained. Next, the image processing device 80 performs a labeling process on the binary image, labels each island, and then extracts a predetermined feature amount for each island. Here, for example, an area value of a circumscribed rectangle for each island is used as the feature amount. After that, the image processing device 80 extracts, from each of the islands, the one that represents the contour of the marking line (gekaki line region) based on the feature amount.

Next, based on the binary image, the image processing device 80 internally performs a process of moving the marking line region located above the position of the fractured surface downward by a predetermined distance d. . Here, the distance d to move downward is obtained based on the difference between the positions of the upper and lower fractured surfaces obtained in the fracture position measurement process and the magnification of the CCD camera 70. Also, whether or not the marking line region is located above the position of the fracture surface can be easily determined based on the measurement data and the like obtained in the fracture position measurement processing. In the example shown in FIG. 10B, the marking line regions R ₁ and R ₂ are located below the fractured surface, and thus are left as they are. Since the marking line regions R ₃ and R ₄ are located above the fractured surface, they move downward by the distance d. As shown in FIG. 10B, in this binary image, the horizontal direction is the x axis, and the vertical direction is the y axis.
Take an xy coordinate system as an axis.

Thereafter, the image processing device 80 acquires the position data (here, the y-coordinate) of each marking line region based on the binary image subjected to the moving process. Specifically, since the marking line region has a substantially rectangular shape, the y coordinate of the center position of the rectangle is set as the position of the marking line region. Then, by taking the difference between the y-coordinates of the adjacent marking line regions, the interval between the marking lines is obtained. The image processing device 80
The elongation of the linear member 2 is calculated based on the measured data on the interval between the marking lines after the tensile test and the measured data on the interval between the marking lines before the tensile test. The measurement data on the calculated elongation is stored in the control device 9.
Sent to 0. This completes the elongation measurement process.

Next, the process shifts to the process of measuring the aperture of the linear member 2 (step 19). FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a process of measuring the aperture of the linear member 2.

First, the control device 90 controls the image processing device 80
A signal indicating that an image is to be captured. Image processing device 80
Calculates a predetermined vertical position and an enlargement magnification of the CCD camera 70 based on the measurement data obtained in the measurement processing of the breaking position, sets the magnification of the CCD camera 70 based on the calculation result, The CCD camera 70 is moved to a predetermined vertical position. When the CCD camera 70 moves to a predetermined vertical position, the CCD camera 70 captures an image of the broken portion of the linear member 2 and forms an enlarged image in which the broken portion is located substantially at the center as shown in FIG. get. The reason for obtaining such an enlarged image is to accurately determine the stop in the vicinity of the fractured surface.

When imaging the linear member 2,
Since the light from the lighting device is applied to the linear member 2 from behind, in this enlarged image (shade image), the portion representing the linear member 2 has a low density level (luminance value), and the portion representing the background is High concentration level. The enlarged image is processed by the image processing device 8.
Sent to 0.

Next, the image processing device 80 performs a filtering process on the enlarged image to remove noise,
The binarization processing is performed on the enlarged image. Here, a value of “1” is assigned to a pixel whose density level is equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold, and a value of “0” is assigned to a pixel whose density level is higher than the threshold. Thereby, a binary image representing the linear member 2 can be obtained. Next, the image processing device 80 performs a labeling process on the binary image. Then, a predetermined feature amount is extracted for each island. Here, as the feature amount, for example, the number of islands, the area value of each island, and the position of the center of gravity of each island are used.

Next, the image processing device 80 extracts two linear member regions corresponding to the two broken linear members 2 based on the characteristic amount. Thereafter, the image processing device 80 performs a border search on the two linear member regions, and takes in coordinate data of each contour point of the two linear member regions. Then, the fracture surface of each linear member region is specified based on the contour shape. In the binary image, since the linear member 2 is vertically separated into two, the lower side of the linear member region located on the upper side represents the upper fracture surface, and the linear member region located on the lower side. The upper side represents the lower fracture surface. Thus, the fracture surface of each linear member region can be easily specified.

Next, the image processing device 80 internally performs a process of moving the linear member area so that the upper and lower fracture surfaces match based on the binary image. Usually, a tensile tester 60
Since the lower end of the linear member 2 is fixed, by moving the upper linear member region substantially downward, the fracture surface of the upper linear member region is changed to the fracture surface of the lower linear member region. To match. As a result, as shown in FIG.
A binary image in which the upper and lower fracture surfaces are joined can be obtained. Thereafter, the image processing device 80 measures the aperture of the linear member 2 at the fractured surface based on the binary image obtained by abutting the upper and lower fractured surfaces. Specifically, first, based on the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the linear member 2 in fracture surface to determine the diameter D ₁ of the linear member 2 in fracture surface. Then, using the obtained result and measurement data on the diameter of the linear member 2 before the tensile test, the aperture value of the linear member 2 at the fractured surface is calculated. The image processing device 80 sends the measurement data regarding the aperture of the linear member 2 thus obtained to the control device 90. The above aperture measurement is performed again at a position where the CCD camera 70 is rotated by 90 degrees. Thus, the process of measuring the aperture of the linear member 2 ends.

When the measurement of the elongation and the drawing of the linear member 2 is completed, the handling robot 20 takes out the broken linear member 2 from the tensile tester 60 as shown in FIG. -Shaped member 2 and remaining stocker 1
Then, it moves to 10 and is stored in a predetermined shelf. Thus, the operation of the tensile test device for one linear member 2 is completed. Thereafter, when a tensile test is performed on another linear member 2, the above operation is repeated.

In the tensile tester of this embodiment, the interval between the marking lines is obtained based on the measurement data on the diameter of the linear member obtained by the diameter measuring device, and the obtained data on the interval between the marking lines is used. By controlling the scribing device, it is possible to automatically perform a process of cutting a marking line on a linear member. Further, after adjusting the interval and direction of the fixing means of the tensile tester based on the measurement data on the bending of the linear member obtained by the bending measuring device, the handling robot moves the linear member to the position of the fixing means, By fixing the linear member by the fixing means, the linear member can be automatically mounted on the tensile tester. Furthermore,
By measuring the elongation and squeezing of the linear member based on the image obtained by imaging the breaking position of the linear member, conventionally, the operator manually performs the elongation and squeezing by using a caliper or the like. Measurements can be made accurately and quickly automatically.
Therefore, in the tensile test device of the present embodiment, a series of operations such as mounting of the linear member on the tensile tester and measurement of elongation and drawing can be automatically performed, and the burden on the operator can be reduced. .

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.

In the above embodiment, the case where the marking line is cut on the surface of the linear member has been described. However, in general, a predetermined mark for a tensile test may be provided on the surface of the linear member. As the mark, in addition to the marking line, for example, a punch hole, a line painted with paint, or the like can be used.

[0051]

As described above, according to the tensile test method of the present invention, the linear members are marked at regular intervals determined on the basis of the measurement data on the diameter of the linear members. Can be easily performed. Further, by adjusting the interval and the direction of the fixing means of the tensile tester based on the measurement data on the bending of the linear member, the work of mounting the linear member on the tensile tester can be easily performed. Furthermore, by measuring the elongation and aperture of the linear member based on an image obtained by imaging the fracture position of the linear member, the elongation and the conventionally performed by a worker manually using a caliper and the like Aperture measurement can be performed accurately and quickly automatically. Therefore, by applying the tensile test method of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator for mounting the linear member on the tensile tester, measuring the elongation and the drawing, and the like.

According to the tensile tester of the present invention,
At a certain interval determined based on the measurement data related to the diameter of the linear member obtained by the first measuring unit, the mark forming unit marks the linear member, thereby performing a process of marking the linear member. It can be done automatically. Further, after adjusting the interval and direction of the fixing means of the tensile tester based on the measurement data on the bending of the linear member obtained by the second measuring means, the moving means moves the linear member to the position of the fixing means. ,
By fixing the linear member by the fixing means, the linear member can be automatically mounted on the tensile tester. Furthermore, by measuring the elongation and aperture of the linear member based on an image obtained by imaging the fracture position of the linear member, the elongation and the conventionally performed by a worker manually using a caliper and the like Aperture measurement can be performed accurately and quickly automatically. Therefore, the tensile test device of the present invention can automatically perform a series of operations such as mounting the linear member on the tensile tester and measuring elongation and drawing, and can reduce the burden on the operator.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a tensile test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the tensile test device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a diameter measuring device of the tensile test device.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a bending measuring device of the tensile test device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a marking device of the tensile test device.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state where a linear member is mounted on a tensile tester of the tensile tester.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a tensile test performed by a tensile tester.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which a linear member is taken out of a tensile tester after completion of a tensile test.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an operation procedure of the tensile test device.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a process of measuring elongation of a linear member.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a process of measuring the aperture of the linear member.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 2 linear member 2a marking line 10 stocker 11 shelf 20 handling robot 30 diameter measuring device 40 bending measuring device 41 table 42 first pressing means 43 second pressing means 44 first screen part 45 second screen part 50 printing apparatus 51 table 52 Cutting means 60 Tensile tester 61, 62 Fixing means 63 Axis 70 CCD camera 80 Image processing device 90 Control device 110 Remaining stocker

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 2F065 AA00 AA02 AA17 AA22 AA26 AA46 AA58 AA65 BB27 DD06 FF01 FF02 FF04 FF67 GG04 HH15 JJ03 JJ05 JJ26 MM06 PP01 PP11 QQ04 QQ17 QQ31 QQ33 ABQ06 A07 CC18 DA07 EA01 EA10 EC05

Claims (8)

[Claims] A step of measuring a diameter of the linear member; a step of measuring a bending of the linear member; and a step of measuring the diameter of the linear member at a predetermined interval determined based on measurement data on the diameter of the linear member. A step of marking the linear member, and using a tensile tester having two fixing means for fixing the ends of the linear member, based on measurement data relating to the bending of the linear member, the distance and orientation of the fixing means. Adjusting the pressure, attaching the linear member to the fixing means, breaking the linear member fixed by the fixing means by pulling, and imaging the broken linear member. Measuring the elongation and the drawing of the linear member based on the image data obtained. 2. The tensile test method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of measuring a maximum tension and a yield point of the linear member during the tensile test. 3. Using a handling robot, place the linear member at a position where the diameter of the linear member is measured, a position where the bending of the linear member is measured, a position where the mark is attached,
3. The tensile test method according to claim 1, further comprising: moving to a position where the fixing means is provided. 4. The tensile test method according to claim 1, wherein the mark is a marking line. 5. A first measuring means for measuring the diameter of the linear member, a second measuring means for measuring the bending of the linear member, and a constant determined based on measurement data on the diameter of the linear member. At intervals of, a mark forming means for marking the linear member, and two fixing means for fixing the end of the linear member,
A tension tester that adjusts the spacing and orientation of the fixing means based on measurement data regarding the bending of the linear member, and that breaks by pulling the linear member fixed by the fixing means; and the broken line. Imaging means for capturing image data of the linear member; and image processing means for measuring elongation and aperture of the linear member by performing predetermined processing on the image data of the linear member captured by the imaging means. And a moving means for moving the linear member to each of the positions where the first measuring means, the second measuring means, the mark forming means and the fixing means are provided. Testing equipment. 6. The tensile test apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising third measuring means for measuring a maximum tension and a yield point of the linear member during the tensile test. 7. The tensile test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the moving means is a handling robot. 8. The tensile test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the mark is a marking line.