JP2000132080A - Fire simulation device for fire extinguishing training - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire extinguishing simulation device for fire extinguishing training which enables trainees to carry out fire extinguishing training with a high sense of fulfillment by making it possible to simulate and display many kinds of fire state images meeting the fire extinguishing work in the event of an actual fire with simple constitution without using large-scale equipment. SOLUTION: Fire image information is stored in the form of a data base by the fire state indices indicating the fire states into a memory means 2 and the fire extinguishing information corresponding to the fire extinguishing work is inputted by an input means 3 therein. An arithmetic means 4 outputs the requested fire state index changing according to the fire extinguishing information. An image control means 5 extracts the fire image information corresponding to the requested fire state index from the memory means 2. A display means 6 displays the fire image extracted by the input from the image control means 5 and displays the fire extinguishing image inputted from the input means 3. The fire image displayed on this display means 6 changes according to the fire extinguishing information inputted from the input means 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training that can easily carry out fire extinguishing training when a fire occurs using a computer image simulating a fire site.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical conventional technique is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-48.
No. 419. In this conventional technique,
A video signal reproducing device for reproducing a video signal of a fire whose scale is enlarged or reduced, a video display device for inputting an output signal of the video signal reproducing device and displaying a video, and a simulated nozzle, and a simulated ejection of a fire extinguishing agent An operable simulated fire extinguisher, a means for detecting a simulated jetting operation of the fire extinguishing agent, a means for detecting, as a nozzle pointing position, a position on a video display device to which the nozzle is directed at the time of the simulated blowing of the extinguishing agent, A simulation for fire extinguishing training, comprising: means for obtaining an evaluation value indicating a fire extinguishing effect from a pointing position; and means for controlling a video signal reproducing apparatus in accordance with the evaluation value and changing the scale of a reproduced fire in an expanding direction or a reducing direction. An apparatus is disclosed.

[0003] Another conventional technique is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-11178.
No. 2 discloses this. This conventional technique includes a video signal reproducing device that reproduces video signals of fires having different shooting distances and fire scales recorded in advance, a video display device that displays an output signal of the video signal reproducing device, and a simulated nozzle. A fire extinguisher capable of simulating the extinguishing agent, a means for detecting the simulating operation of the extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing according to the position in the image display device corresponding to the directional direction and according to the extinguishing distance. Effect evaluation means for determining data representing an effect, and image selection means for controlling a video signal reproducing device and selecting a fire image of a shooting distance and a fire scale corresponding to the fire extinguishing distance and the data representing the fire extinguishing effect. A fire simulator for fire fighting training is disclosed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-48.
In each of the conventional techniques disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 419 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-117812, an image reproduced and displayed by the video signal reproducing device is an image of a fire or an image showing a state in which a fire extinguisher is injected from a fire extinguisher. And fire extinguishing effect data, the number of types of fire condition images displayed by simulation is extremely small compared to the types of actual fire extinguishing work by firefighters and fire brigade members. There is a problem that sufficient training cannot be performed immediately. There are about 150,000 firefighters and about 970,000 fire brigade members who are engaged in fire, rescue, and disaster relief. There is a demand for an apparatus that can easily perform fire extinguishing training without using large-scale facilities for these many firefighters and firefighters.

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to simulate and display many types of fire state images in accordance with an actual fire extinguishing operation in a simple fire without using a large-scale facility. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training that enables high fire extinguishing training.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage means for storing fire image information in a database based on a fire state index indicating a fire state, and inputting fire extinguishing information corresponding to a fire extinguishing operation. Input means for changing the fire state index, computing means for outputting a fire state index changed in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input from the input means, and in response to the fire state index from the computing means, Image control means for extracting fire image information corresponding to the fire state index from storage means, and displaying a fire image based on the extracted fire image information in response to an output from the image control means; Display means for displaying a fire-extinguishing image based on the input fire-extinguishing information.

[0007] According to the present invention, the storage means stores fire image information in the form of a database based on a fire state index indicating a fire state, and fire input information corresponding to fire extinguishing work is input by the input means. The calculating means outputs a fire condition index that changes in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input from the input means, and the image control means responds to the fire condition index output from the calculating means and outputs the fire condition index from the storage means. Extract fire image information corresponding to.

The display means displays a fire image based on the extracted fire image information in response to an output from the image control means, and displays a fire extinguishing image based on the fire extinguishing information input by the input means. The fire image displayed on the display means changes according to the fire extinguishing information input from the input means. The fire extinguisher changes the operation amount by the input means according to the fire extinguishing state while watching the changing image. ,
Alternatively, training can be performed to obtain a more appropriate fire extinguishing operation through an input operation of keeping the flame as small as possible in a short time.

Since such a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training can be realized by a personal computer, there are many types of fire extinguishing work in an actual fire with a simple configuration without using large-scale equipment. Can be simulated and the fire extinguishing training with a high degree of fulfillment can be performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the storage means,
A video image previously recorded with a fire is digitized as a still image, and the still image is stored as a database based on the fire condition index, and the image control means responds to the fire state index from the arithmetic means and responds to the visual condition of the human. The fire image information is selected and extracted from the storage means in the still image switching period ΔTd corresponding to the above, and the fire image based on the extracted fire image information is repeatedly displayed on the display means.

According to the present invention, the storage means digitizes a video image in which a fire is recorded in advance as a still image, and stores the still image in a database based on the fire state index. The image control means selects and extracts the fire image information from the storage means in response to the fire state index from the arithmetic means at the switching period ΔTd of the still image corresponding to the human visual ability, and extracts the fire image information. The fire image based on the information is repeatedly displayed on the display means.

Since the fire condition image displayed by the display means is realized by a moving image by repeatedly displaying a still image, even if there are many types of fire condition images, the existing data compression technique is used. Thus, the total amount of image data stored in the storage means can be small, and thereby, the fire extinguishing technique of the trainee can be displayed without sizing the apparatus by, for example, simulating and displaying a sufficient fire state by full color display. Experience, learning and studying.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the storage means,
Fire image information determined by a function using a fire state index representing a fire state as a variable is stored as a database, and the image control unit outputs the fire state index from the arithmetic unit to the storage unit and derives from the storage unit. The fire image information to be fired is output to display means, and a fire image based on the fire image information is displayed on the display means.

According to the present invention, the storage means stores in a database fire image information determined by a function using a fire state index indicating a fire state as a variable, and the image control means stores the fire image information from the arithmetic means. The state index is output to the storage means, the fire image information derived from the storage means is output to the display means, and a fire image based on the fire image information is displayed on the display means. Such a fire image can be realized using three-dimensional computer graphics. For example, a plurality of background images and flame images are created by combining basic solids called primitives, and these basic solids are mapped. Alternatively, the fire image model may be stored in the storage means, and the fire image model may be changed in real time in accordance with the fire state index of the arithmetic means. According to such a configuration, fire extinguishing training can be performed while changing the fire state image displayed by the display means in accordance with fire extinguishing information in accordance with an input operation from the input means. Fire fighting training can be conducted.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the fire state index includes the number of fire extinguishers, water discharge amount, water discharge pressure, water discharge angle, fire extinguishing distance, water discharge position, flame center position, flame area, flame height. , And time.

According to the present invention, as the fire state index, the number of fire extinguishers, water discharge amount, water discharge pressure, water discharge angle, fire extinguishing distance, water discharge position, flame center position, flame area, flame height, and time Is used, it is possible to simulate and display a fire state image similar to a fire extinguishing operation at an actual fire site, and to perform a fire extinguishing training with a high degree of fulfillment.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the fire image is a composite image of a background image and a flame image.

According to the present invention, since a fire image is composed of a composite image of a background image and a flame image, the number of image models of the background image with little change is reduced, and the image model of the flame image with many changes is reduced. By increasing the number, the total image data amount can be reduced, and the storage capacity of the storage means can be saved.

[0019]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a fire simulator for fire fighting training using still images according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a fire fighting apparatus shown in FIG. It is a front view showing the appearance of training fire simulation device 1. The fire simulation apparatus 1 for fire extinguishing training according to the present embodiment includes a storage unit 2 in which fire image information is stored in a database based on a fire state index representing a fire state, and an input for inputting fire extinguishing information corresponding to fire extinguishing work. Means 3, an operation means 4 for outputting a fire state index changed in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input from the input means 3, and a fire state indicator from the storage means 2 in response to the fire state index from the operation means 4. Image control means 5 for extracting fire image information corresponding to the index, and image control means 5
And a display unit 6 for displaying a fire image based on the extracted fire image information in response to the output from the computer, and displaying a fire extinguishing image based on the fire extinguishing information input by the input unit 3.

The fire condition index includes the number n of fire extinguishers, the water discharge amount Qn, the water discharge pressure Pn, the water discharge angle θn, and the fire extinguishing distance L.
n, water discharge position (Xqn, Yqn, Zqn), flame center position (Xc, Yc, Zc), flame area A, flame height H, and time T, α, β are set. The arithmetic means 4 and the image control means 5 are realized by a central processing unit (abbreviated as CPU) mounted on a motherboard or the like in the main body of the personal computer, various memories and registers. The storage means 2 is realized by a hard disk in a personal computer main body. Further, the input means 3 is realized by a keyboard, a joystick, and a mouse, and the fire extinguishing personnel n, the water discharge amount Qn, the water discharge pressure Pn, the water discharge angle θn,
Fire extinguishing distance Ln and water discharge position (Xqn, Yqn, Zq
n) is input as fire extinguishing information. Further, the display means 6 is realized by a display device such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), and has a resolution of, for example, 640 × 48.
The number of dots is 0, and the RGB full color mode can be displayed in 256 gradations.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a procedure for displaying on the display means 6 using the fire image information stored in the storage means 2. The storage means 2 digitizes a video image in which a fire has been recorded in advance as a plurality of still images, converts these still images into a database using the fire state index, and patterns them according to, for example, the type and scale of the fire. In other words, in a fire inside and outside the building,
A still image when the fire is small in the initial state of the fire is pattern M1, a still image when the fire is large is pattern M2, and a still image when the fire is too large and an explosion occurs is pattern M3. The plurality of still images are included in the pattern M4, such as a still image when the fire is being extinguished and the fire that has once increased becomes smaller becomes a pattern M4.
1, pattern M2, ..., pattern Mm-1, pattern M
m. A plurality of still images S1, S2, ..., Sn-1, Sn are stored for each of the patterns M1 to Mm.

The image control means 5 responds to the fire condition index from the arithmetic means 4 and patterns the fire image information from the storage means 2 with the switching period ΔTd of the still image corresponding to the human visual ability. A still image is selected and extracted, and a still image as a fire image based on the extracted fire image information is repeatedly displayed on the display unit 6.

According to the experiment conducted by the present inventor, even when the number of still images per one image pattern is 3 to 5, almost no discomfort was felt. In general, it is known that a moving image of 15 frames / second, preferably 20 frames / second or more, does not cause a sense of discomfort. However, according to an experiment performed by the inventor of the present invention, the switching period Δtd is actually set to 0. Even at .14 seconds (= approximately 7 frames / second), there was not much discomfort. When an experiment was performed on the recording time interval Δta of the still image,
When ta = Δtd, it was confirmed that there was no uncomfortable feeling. Based on such experimental results, the recorded fire video image was digitized and recorded as a still image on the hard disk of the storage means 2, and the number of repeated still images R was calculated as R =
3 to 15 and the switching period Δtd was determined to be Δtd = 1/5 seconds to 1/20 seconds.

As described above, in the present embodiment, among the still images patterned according to the scale of the fire, among the patterns M1 to Mm selected according to the fire state index from the arithmetic means 4, Still images S1 to Sn of one pattern
(N = R = 3 to 15) are switched at the period Δtd, and are repeatedly displayed.

Since the still images are recorded in digital form, the images can be stored in a database, and the fire image information can be unified using the fire state index as an attribute. Next, the display contents of the display means 6 will be described.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which a fire image and a fire state index are displayed on the display screen 7 of the display means 6. The display screen 7 of the display means 6 includes a title bar display area 8, a control menu display area 9, a fire image display area 10, a water discharge angle display area 11a, a water discharge amount display area 11b, a nozzle diameter display area 11c, and a distance to a flame. A display area 11d, a nozzle pressure display area 11e, a water source water storage amount display area 11f, a tank remaining amount display area 11g, a mode display area 11h, and an initial state return switch 12 are provided.

In carrying out fire extinguishing training, two joysticks of the input means 3 are used for water discharge operation.
On the fire image display area 10, a white “+” mark is a cursor J1 that is moved by operating the first joystick, and a gray “+” mark is a cursor J2 that is moved by operating the second joystick. Each joystick is provided with a trigger button. When the trigger button is pressed, water is released at each of the cursors J1 and J2 on the screen. When the trigger button is released, the water is stopped. FIG. 5 shows a state in which water is discharged using the first joystick, and FIG. 6 shows a state in which water is discharged using the second joystick.
a and 15b show the trajectories of the water discharge. These joysticks can be operated by two trainers in cooperation with each other, so that fire fighting training can be performed by a plurality of trainees.

In the fire image display area 10, a background image 13 showing a building and a flame image 1 showing a flame coming out of the building are displayed.
4 is displayed as a moving image, indicating that the flame is burning on the screen. Each trainee operates each joystick described above, moves each cursor J1, J2 on the flame image 14, presses the trigger button, and simulates the fire extinguishing activity while changing the water discharge position so that the fire is weakened. I do. The vertical position of each cursor J1, J2 on the screen changes by the operation of each joystick in the front-back direction, and the horizontal position of each cursor J1, J2 on the screen changes by the operation in the left-right direction.

The angle (゜) of the water discharge nozzle with respect to the ground surface on the screen is displayed in the water discharge angle display area 11a, and the water discharge amount (l / min) is displayed in the water discharge amount display area 11b.
Is displayed, and the diameter (mm) of the water discharge nozzle used is displayed in the nozzle diameter display area 11c. The distance (m) from the water discharge nozzle to the flame is displayed in the distance to flame display area 11d, and the supply pressure (kg / cm2) of the water supplied to the water discharge nozzle is displayed in the nozzle pressure display area 11e. In the water source storage amount display area 11f, the storage amount (m3) of the water stored in the water source is displayed.
1 g indicates the remaining amount (l) of water in the tank. Further, in the mode display area 11h, the type of fire, such as a building indoor / outdoor fire, a building indoor fire, and a forest fire, is displayed as, for example, "building indoor / outdoor fire". When the initial state return switch 12a is clicked, the fire image display area 10 becomes
Returning to the initial image, as shown in FIG. When the mode selection switch 12b is clicked, the type of fire can be selected.

If the water discharge is appropriate, as shown in FIG. 8, the momentum of the flame is reduced and the fire is being extinguished. If water continues to be discharged to the flaming spot, as shown in FIG. 9, the flame image disappears from the screen, the flaming spot disappears, and the fire is completely extinguished. In addition, when water is not properly discharged to the flaming spot, as shown in FIG. 10, the fire is further increased.
An explosion occurs as shown in FIG.

Since the fire condition image displayed by the display means 6 is realized by a moving image by repeatedly displaying a still image, the existing data compression technique is used even for many types of fire condition images. Thus, the total image data amount stored in the storage means 2 can be reduced, and a sufficient fire state can be simulated and displayed by, for example, full-color display without increasing the size of the apparatus. Experience, learning and studying.

FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a fire simulator 1a for fire fighting training using three-dimensional computer graphics according to another embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the fire simulator for fire extinguishing training 1a of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
Are similar to those of the fire simulator for fire extinguishing training shown in FIG. 1, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of overlapping components may be omitted or simplified in some cases.

In this embodiment, the storage means 2 of the fire simulator for fire extinguishing training 1a stores in a database fire image information determined by a function using a fire state index representing a fire state as a variable. The control means 5 outputs the required fire state index from the calculation means 4 to the storage means 2 and displays the fire image information derived from the storage means 2 on the display means 6.
And a fire image based on the fire image information is displayed on the display screen 7 of the display means 6.

The fire condition index from the arithmetic means 4 is input to the image control means 5, and the fire is displayed in full color in three-dimensional computer graphics using a mathematical combustion model. Here, as the mathematical combustion model, general physical equations such as a mass conservation equation, a momentum conservation equation, an energy conservation equation, a state equation, and a chemical reaction rate equation are used.

More specifically, a fire simulator 1a for fire extinguishing training
A three-dimensional virtual space (also referred to as a virtual space) is constructed in the computer, and a fire extinguishing worker who moves in the space in accordance with the operation of the joystick or the mouse of the input means 3 is displayed. When performing a fire fighting training, first, the fire fighting worker keeps the same position, moves the three-dimensional virtual space, and displays as if the fire fighting worker is heading to the fire spot. The screen is arranged so that the fire extinguishing operator and the fire occurrence location are present at the same time.

After arriving at the site, the trainee performs a fire extinguishing operation using the joystick or the mouse of the input means 3 instead of the actual operation of the fire extinguishing nozzle. In this case, since the fire state changes according to the operation content, the fire state is represented by a plurality of parameters, that is, the number of fire extinguishers n, the water discharge amount Qn, the water discharge pressure Pn, the water discharge angle θn, the fire extinguishing distance Ln, and the water discharge position (X
qn, Yqn, Zqn), the center position of the flame (Xc, Y
c, Zc), flame area A, flame height H, and time T, α, β, and other fire state indices. As described above, each of these fire state indices is derived by the arithmetic means 4, and the image control means 5 extracts a fire model from the storage means 2 according to the fire state indices, and fire image information corresponding to the fire model. Is output to the display means 6 to display a composite image of the fire image and the fire extinguishing image.

The above fire model will be described. First, the fire state index, that is, the parameters are: the number of persons to extinguish n, the water discharge amount Qn, the water discharge pressure Pn, the water discharge angle θn, the fire extinguishing distance Ln, the water discharge position (Xqn, Yqn, Zqn), and the flame center position (Xc, Yc, Zc), the flame area A, the flame height H, and the times T, α, and β. Also, K1
, K (j-1, n-1) and Kjn are constants, and F1n, F2n, ... are functions.

Further, as conditions relating to the water discharge amount Q, the water discharge amount increases as the water discharge pressure Pn increases, and the water discharge amount becomes stable when the water discharge angle θn is appropriate, and the water discharge amount becomes stable when the fire extinguishing distance Ln is appropriate. . Furthermore, the larger the number n of the fire extinguishers, the greater the water discharge amount. If the water discharge position (Xqn, Yqn, Zqn) is appropriate, the water discharge amount is stable. According to these conditions, the water discharge amount Q is as follows: Q = k11 · P1 · F11 (θ1) · F21 (d1) · F31 (zq1) + k12 · P2 · F12 (θ2) · F22 (d2) · F32 (zq2) + ... + K1n · Pn · F1n (θn) · F2n (dn) · F3n (zqn) (1)

The function F1n, F2n,... Is a function that outputs a value of 0 to 100% when the argument is within a predetermined range, and outputs 0 when the argument is out of the predetermined range.

Next, Qmax is set to a predetermined minimum water discharge amount, Qm
Assuming that in is a predetermined maximum water discharge amount and γ is a number that randomly changes depending on the position (x, y), Qmin <= Q <Qm
If ax, dA / dt = F4 (A) (2) Here, F4 (A) is a general combustion model when fire extinguishing is not performed.

If Qmin ≦ Q <Qmax, then dA / dt = α / Q (3), if Qmax ≦ Q, then dA / dt = α / (Qmax−Q) (4) The distance L is L = (1 + γ) · β · A (5). Therefore, if the fire condition index is determined as a parameter, the area A of the flame and the height H of the flame are obtained by calculation, and the scale of the fire is obtained by the calculation. The fire image is switched according to the values of the area A of the flame and the height H of the flame. The constants K11, K12,..., K (j−
(1, n-1), Kjn are determined by adjusting based on actual data.

The fire image information determined by the function using the fire state index representing the fire state as a variable is stored in the storage means 2 as a database, and the image control means 5 The fire state index is output to the storage means 2, the fire image information derived from the storage means 2 is output to the display means 7, and a fire image based on the fire image information can be displayed on the display means 7.

Such a fire image can be realized using three-dimensional computer graphics. For example, a plurality of background images and flame images are created by combining basic solids called primitives, and these basic solids are mapped. After processing, the fire image model is stored in the storage means 2, and a method called vector graphics which changes this fire image model in real time in accordance with the required fire state index of the arithmetic means 4 is adopted. Is also good. According to such a drawing process using vector graphics, since image data is held as a geometric figure, fine image correction can be performed on a graphic unit basis. As another embodiment of the present invention, a method called raster graphics (also referred to as a bitmap method) may be adopted instead of the vector graphics. Since this raster graphics treats an image as a collection of points arranged in a grid, it is possible to display a fine image and obtain a fire image with a high sense of reality.

As described above, since the fire extinguishing training can be performed while changing the fire state image displayed by the display means 7 in accordance with the fire extinguishing information corresponding to the input operation from the input means 3, higher realism can be achieved. The fire extinguishing training can be performed with a sense of feeling, and the trainee changes the operation amount by the input means 3 according to the fire extinguishing state while watching the image that changes according to the fire extinguishing information input from the input means 3, or Through the input operation of keeping the flame as it is and reducing the flame in as short a time as possible, it is possible to perform training for learning more appropriate fire extinguishing work. In addition, since fire images can be realized by three-dimensional computer graphics of a personal computer, there are many types of fire conditions that are simple to configure without using large-scale equipment and that are suitable for extinguishing fires during an actual fire. The image can be displayed in a simulated manner, and a high-quality fire extinguishing drill can be performed.

Further, in this embodiment, the image control means 5 generates a fire image by a composite image of the background image and the flame image, reduces the number of image models of the background image with little change, and sets the flame image with many changes. By increasing the number of image models, the total image data amount can be reduced, and the storage capacity of the storage means can be saved.

As another embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the parameters such as the number of fire extinguishers n, the water discharge amount Qn and the water discharge pressure Pn, the parameters for changing the fire condition include the weather such as wind and rain. May be applied so that the simulation can be performed under conditions close to the actual fire.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of personal computers are connected to a network, that is, communicably connected to each other, so that a trainee who is at a remote place creates one virtual space created by the computers. They may be shared so that fire drills can be jointly conducted. Further, in the case of using such a network-connected computer, three or more trainees can share a single virtual space and jointly extinguish a fire. Of course, the above device can be trained by only one trainee.

[0048]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the fire image displayed on the display means changes according to the fire extinguishing information input from the input means. Can change the operation amount of the input means in accordance with the fire extinguishing situation or keep it as it is, and can perform training for obtaining a more appropriate fire extinguishing operation through an input operation for reducing the flame in as short a time as possible. In addition, such a fire simulation image for fire extinguishing training has a simple configuration without using large-scale equipment, and can simulate and display many types of fire state images according to the fire extinguishing work at the time of actual fire, Fire extinguishing training with a high degree of fulfillment will be possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the fire condition image displayed by the display means is realized by a moving image by repeatedly displaying a still image. By using the data compression technology, the total amount of image data stored in the storage means can be reduced, and thereby, without increasing the size of the device, for example, a full-color display can simulate a sufficient fire state, It can assist trainees to experience, acquire and study fire extinguishing techniques.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, fire image information determined by a function using a fire state index representing a fire state as a variable is stored in a database and stored, and a fire image is displayed on the display means. Such a fire image can be realized using three-dimensional computer graphics, and the fire state image displayed by the display means is changed according to fire extinguishing information according to an input operation from the input means. Since fire extinguishing training can be performed, fire extinguishing training can be performed with a higher sense of reality.

According to the present invention, at least the number of fire extinguishers, water discharge amount, water discharge pressure, water discharge angle, fire extinguishing distance, water discharge position, center position of flame,
Since the area of the flame, the height of the flame, and the time are used, it is possible to simulate and display a fire state image similar to a fire extinguishing operation at an actual fire site, and to perform a high-quality fire extinguishing training.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since a fire image is constituted by a composite image of a background image and a flame image, the number of image models of the background image with little change is reduced, and the flame with many changes is reduced. The image has many image models,
The total image data amount can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an appearance of the fire simulator for fire extinguishing training shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a procedure for displaying on the display means 6 using fire image information stored in the storage means 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which a fire image and a fire state index are displayed on a display screen 7 of a display means 6;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which water is discharged using a first joystick.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which water is discharged using a second joystick.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state where a display screen 7 of the display means 6 has been returned to an initial image.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a display screen 7 in a state where a fire is being extinguished.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which a fire has been extinguished.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which the fire is stronger than the initial image of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state where an explosion has occurred due to an increase in fire image.

FIG. 12 is a view schematically showing a configuration of a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training according to another embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training shown in FIG.
7A is a diagram illustrating a fire image displayed on the display screen 7 of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a fire image in a state where a plurality of persons are performing a fire fighting activity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a Fire simulator for fire fighting training 2 Storage means 3 Input device 4 Computing means 5 Image control means 6 Display means 7 Display screen 8 Title bar display area 9 Control menu display area 10 Fire image display area 11a Water discharge angle display area 11b Release Water amount display area 11c Nozzle diameter display area 11d Distance display area to flame 11e Nozzle pressure display area 11f Water source water storage amount display area 11g Tank remaining amount display area 13 Background image 14 Fire image 15a, 15b Water discharge trajectory J1, J2 Cursor

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 28, 1999 (1999.12.
28)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0006

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage means in which fire image information is stored in a database based on a fire state index indicating a fire state, and fire extinguishing information corresponding to a fire extinguishing operation. In response to the fire condition indicator from the computing device, the input device for changing the fire condition index in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input by the input device, and outputting the changed fire condition indicator, Image control means for extracting fire image information corresponding to the fire state index from storage means, and displaying a fire image based on the extracted fire image information in response to an output from the image control means; Display means for displaying a fire extinguishing image based on the input fire extinguishing information, wherein the storage means digitizes a video image in which a fire has been recorded in advance as a still image, Still image is stored in a database by the fire status index, the image control unit,
In response to the fire condition index from the calculating means, the fire image information is selected and extracted from the storage means at 3 to 15 still images at a switching period Δtd of 1/5 to 1/20 second, and the display means is displayed. Repeatedly displays a fire image based on the extracted fire image information, wherein the input means is operable in cooperation with a plurality of persons, and the fire extinguishing image is a water discharge which changes according to the fire extinguishing information input by the input means. This is a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training, characterized by including a trajectory.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0007] According to the present invention, the storage means stores fire image information in the form of a database based on a fire state index indicating a fire state, and fire input information corresponding to fire extinguishing work is input by the input means. The calculating means changes the fire state index according to the fire extinguishing information input from the input means, and outputs the fire state index. The image control unit extracts fire image information corresponding to the fire state index from the storage unit in response to the fire state index output from the arithmetic unit.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The display means displays a fire image based on the extracted fire image information in response to an output from the image control means, and displays a fire extinguishing image based on the fire extinguishing information input by the input means. The fire image displayed on the display means changes in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input from the input means, and the fire extinguisher trains the operation amount of the input means while watching the image changing in accordance with the fire extinguishing information. Can be trained to learn a more appropriate fire extinguishing operation through an input operation that changes or keeps the flame as small as possible in a short time. Also, since the input means can be operated by a plurality of fire extinguishing trainers,
Fire fighting training can be conducted by multiple people in cooperation. Further, on the display means, the fire image and the fire extinguishing image are displayed as described above, and since this fire extinguishing image includes a trajectory of water discharge that changes according to the fire extinguishing information input by the input means, a higher sense of reality is provided. Fire fighting training can be conducted.

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, the storage means digitizes a video image including a fire in advance as a still image, and stores the still image in a database based on the fire state index. The image control means selects and extracts fire image information from the storage means in response to the fire state index from the arithmetic means and at a switching period of a still image corresponding to human visual ability Δtd, and extracts the fire image information. The fire image based on the information is repeatedly displayed on the display means.

[Procedure amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The fire image displayed by such a display means is such that 3 to 15 still images are repeatedly displayed at a switching period td of 1/5 to 1/20 second, so that a fire image without a sense of incongruity is displayed. A small amount of image data can be displayed on the display means, so that even for many types of fire images, the total amount of image data stored in the storage means is small and sufficient for performing fire extinguishing training. It is possible to support the trainees to experience, learn, and study fire extinguishing techniques by simulating the display of a natural fire condition.

[Procedure amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0013

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage means in which fire image information is stored in a database based on a fire state index indicating a fire state, and input means for inputting fire extinguishing information corresponding to a fire extinguishing operation. Computing means for changing the fire condition index in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input by the input means, and outputting the changed fire condition index; and responding to the fire condition index from the computing means, storing the fire condition index from the storage means. Image control means for extracting fire image information corresponding to the index, and in response to an output from the image control means, display a fire image based on the extracted fire image information, and display the fire extinguishing information input by the input means. Display means for displaying a fire extinguishing image based on the fire image information determined by a function using a fire state index representing a fire state as a variable. The image control means outputs the fire state index from the arithmetic means to the storage means, outputs fire image information derived from the storage means to the display means, and outputs the fire image information based on the fire image information. An image is displayed on the display means by three-dimensional computer graphics. The input means is operable by a plurality of persons in cooperation with each other, and the fire extinguishing image is a water discharge which changes according to the fire extinguishing information input by the input means. This is a fire simulator for fire extinguishing training, characterized by including a trajectory.

[Procedure amendment 9]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0014

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the present invention, the storage means stores fire image information in the form of a database, and the fire image information is determined by a function using a fire state index representing a fire state as a variable. The image control means outputs the fire condition index from the arithmetic means to the storage means, outputs fire image information derived from the storage means to the display means, and outputs the fire image based on the fire image information to the three-dimensional computer. It is displayed on the display means by graphics. As described above, the fire image is displayed by the three-dimensional computer graphics while being changed according to the fire extinguishing information according to the input operation by one or more persons, so that the fire extinguishing training can be performed with a higher sense of realism, With a simple configuration without using large-scale equipment, it is possible to simulate and display many types of fire images according to the fire extinguishing work at the time of an actual fire, and it is possible to perform a high-quality fire extinguishing training. Further, since the input means can be operated by a plurality of fire extinguishing trainers, a plurality of people can perform fire extinguishing training in cooperation. Further, on the display means, the fire image and the fire extinguishing image are displayed as described above, and since this fire extinguishing image includes a trajectory of water discharge that changes according to the fire extinguishing information input by the input means, a higher sense of reality is provided. Fire fighting training can be conducted.

[Procedure amendment 10]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0015

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the fire condition index includes the number of fire extinguishers, water discharge amount, water discharge pressure, water discharge angle, fire extinguishing distance, water discharge position, flame center position, flame area, flame height. , And time.

[Procedure amendment 11]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the fire image is a composite image of a background image and a flame image.

[Procedure amendment 12]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0020

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The fire condition index includes the number n of fire extinguishers, the water discharge amount Qn, the water discharge pressure Pn, the water discharge angle θn, and the fire extinguishing distance L.
n, water discharge position (Xqn, Yqn, Zqn), flame center position (Xc, Yc, Zc), flame area A, flame height H, and time T, α, β are set. The arithmetic means 4 and the image control means 5 are realized by a central processing unit (abbreviated as CPU) mounted on a motherboard or the like in the main body of the personal computer, various memories and registers. The storage means 2 is realized by a hard disk in a personal computer main body. Further, the input means 3 is realized by a keyboard, a joystick, and a mouse, and the number of extinguishers n, the water discharge amount Qn, the water discharge pressure Pn, the water discharge angle θn,
Fire extinguishing distance Ln and water discharge position (Xqn, Yqn, Zq
n) is input as fire extinguishing information. Further, the display means 6 is realized by a display device such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), and has a resolution of, for example, 640 × 48.
The number of dots is 0, and the RGB full color mode can be displayed in 256 gradations.

[Procedure amendment 13]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0022

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The image control means 5 responds to the fire condition index from the arithmetic means 4 and patterns the fire image information from the storage means 2 with a switching period .DELTA.td of a still image corresponding to the human visual ability. A still image is selected and extracted, and a still image as a fire image based on the extracted fire image information is repeatedly displayed on the display unit 6.

[Procedure amendment 14]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0032

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a fire simulator for fire fighting training 1a using three-dimensional computer graphics according to another embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the fire simulator for fire extinguishing training 1a of the present embodiment is the same as that of the fire simulator for fire extinguishing training 1 shown in FIG.
Corresponding parts have the same reference characters allotted, and description of overlapping configurations may be omitted or simplified in some cases.

[Procedure amendment 15]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0042

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The fire image information determined by the function using the fire state index representing the fire state as a variable is stored in the storage means 2 as a database, and the image control means 5 The fire state index is output to the storage means 2, the fire image information derived from the storage means 2 is output to the display means 7, and the fire image based on the fire image information is displayed as shown in FIG. Means 7
Can be displayed.

[Procedure amendment 16]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0045

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, in the present embodiment, the image control means 5 generates a fire image from a composite image of the background image and the flame image, reduces the number of image models of the background image with little change, and sets the flame image with many changes. By increasing the number of image models of the image, the total image data amount can be reduced, and the storage capacity of the storage means can be saved.

[Procedure amendment 17]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0047

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In still another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of personal computers are connected to a network, that is, communicably connected to each other, so that a trainee who is at a remote place creates one virtual space created by the computers. They may be shared so that fire drills can be jointly conducted. Further, in the case of using such a network-connected computer, as shown in FIG. 14, three or more trainees can share a single virtual space and jointly exercise fire extinguishing. Of course, the above device can be trained by only one trainee.

[Procedure amendment 18]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0049

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Since the fire image is repeatedly displayed with 3 to 15 still images at a switching period td of 1/5 to 1/20 second, a fire image without a sense of discomfort is displayed with a small amount of image data. As a result, even if there are many types of fire images, the total amount of image data stored in the storage means can be small, and the fire condition for performing fire extinguishing training can be simulated and the We can support experience, learning and study of fire extinguishing technology. Further, since the input means can be operated by a plurality of fire fighting trainers, a plurality of people can perform fire fighting training in cooperation. Further, since the fire extinguishing image displayed together with the fire image on the display means includes a trajectory of water discharge that changes according to the fire extinguishing information input by the input means, fire extinguishing training can be performed with a higher sense of realism.

[Procedure amendment 19]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0050

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the fire image is displayed by three-dimensional computer graphics while being changed according to the fire extinguishing information input by one or more persons, fire extinguishing training with a higher sense of reality is provided. High-quality fire extinguishing with a simple configuration without using large-scale equipment and with the ability to simulate and display many types of fire images that match the actual fire extinguishing work. Training can be performed. Further, the input means can be operated by a plurality of fire extinguishing trainers, so that a plurality of people can perform fire extinguishing training in cooperation. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing image displayed together with the fire image on the display means includes a trajectory of water discharge that changes according to the fire extinguishing information input by the input means, so that fire extinguishing training can be performed with a higher sense of reality.

[Procedure amendment 20]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0051

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the third aspect of the present invention, at least the number of fire extinguishers, water discharge amount, water discharge pressure, water discharge angle, fire extinguishing distance, water discharge position, center position of flame,
Since the area of the flame, the height of the flame, and the time are used, it is possible to simulate and display a fire state image similar to a fire extinguishing operation at an actual fire site, and to perform a high-quality fire extinguishing training.

[Procedure amendment 21]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0052

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since a fire image is formed by a composite image of a background image and a flame image, the number of image models of the background image with little change is reduced, and the flame with many changes is reduced. The image has many image models,
The total image data amount can be reduced.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Tsuneyoshi Sawai 1-1, Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside Akashi Plant (72) Inventor Kenichiro Matsui 1-1-1, Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries Akashi Factory Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] A storage means for storing fire image information in a database based on a fire state index representing a fire state; and input means for inputting fire extinguishing information corresponding to a fire extinguishing operation and changing the fire state index. Computing means for outputting a fire state index changed in accordance with the fire extinguishing information input from the input means; and fire image information corresponding to the fire state index from the storage means in response to the fire state index from the computing means. Image display means for extracting a fire image based on the extracted fire image information in response to an output from the image control means, and displaying a fire extinguishing image based on the fire extinguishing information input by the input means. Means for simulating fire extinguishing training. 2. The storage means digitizes a video image of a fire recorded in advance as a still image, stores the still image in a database based on the fire state index, and stores the fire state from the arithmetic means. In response to the index, the switching period ΔTd of the still image corresponding to the human visual ability
2. The fire simulator for fire extinguishing training according to claim 1, wherein the fire image information is selected and extracted from the storage means, and a fire image based on the extracted fire image information is repeatedly displayed on the display means. 3. The storage means stores in a database fire image information determined by a function using a fire state index representing a fire state as a variable, and the image control means stores the fire state index from the arithmetic means. 2. Fire extinguishing training according to claim 1, wherein the fire image information derived from the storage means is outputted to a display means, and a fire image based on the fire image information is displayed on the display means. Fire simulator. 4. The fire condition index includes the number of fire extinguishers, water discharge amount, water discharge pressure, water discharge angle, fire extinguishing distance, water discharge position, flame center position, flame area, flame height, and time. The fire simulator for fire extinguishing training according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The fire simulator for fire fighting training according to claim 1, wherein the fire image is a composite image of a background image and a flame image.