JP2000126735A - Garbage treatment apparatus and garbage treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a low running cost, prevent incineration temperature of an incinerator from being lowered and prevent an offensive odor from being emitted in a treatment of a large quantity of garbage. SOLUTION: This garbage treatment apparatus comprises a fermentation tank in an interior of a housing 1, a heating pipe for allowing a heating medium to flow provided on an outer circumferential face of the fermentation tank, a heating medium circulation passage 30 provided in the heating pipe and a heating medium heater 31 for transferring heat of steam to the heating medium provided in the heating medium circulation passage 30. Furthermore, a hot air supply passage 45 for supplying hot air to the interior of the housing 1 and a fermentation gas discharge passage 46 are provided, and an air heater 49 for heating air by the heat of the steam and blowing the air into the interior of the housing 1 is provided in the hot air supply passage 45 so that the heating medium and the air are heated by introducing steam produced in a factory or the like into the heating medium heater 31 and the air heater 49.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus and a garbage disposal method which do not involve incineration of garbage and have low running costs.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a facility having a food factory or a cafeteria, a large amount of food waste and food waste are generated every day. Conventionally, in a factory or a cafeteria facility having this kind of food processing equipment, when such garbage is treated by its own equipment, it is incinerated in a garbage incinerator. Therefore, the incineration temperature is easily lowered, which is a cause of generating environmental pollutants such as dioxin.

[0003] For this reason, such a refuse disposal method by an incineration method is disadvantageous for environmental protection standards such as ISO14000. Therefore, as a method of treating garbage that does not cause such a decrease in incineration temperature, a method of fermenting and drying garbage has attracted attention.

In this garbage disposal apparatus, a fermentation tank for storing food waste is provided in a fermentation chamber, and a horizontal shaft is rotatably arranged in the fermentation tank. A large number of stirring rods are protruded and the fermenter is heated with a heating tube to promote fermentation and dry. The fermentation chamber is provided with an inlet for food waste and an outlet for the food waste after fermentation and drying. After feeding the food waste from the inlet, the fermentation is performed while heating and maintaining the temperature using a heating tube. In such a garbage fermentation treatment apparatus, since the scale is small, a boiler is usually cooked to heat the heating tube.

[0005]

However, large-scale food factories and canteen facilities in large factories generate large amounts of garbage, which increases the consumption of heavy oil, which is the fuel for boilers, and increases running costs. There is a problem that fermentation gas generated during fermentation is dispersed and odor is generated.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and has low running costs, ferment and dry garbage without using a method of incineration, and can prevent leakage of fermentation gas generated during fermentation. An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus and a garbage disposal method.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for treating garbage, comprising a heating means for heating the garbage by steam in a housing for accommodating the garbage. It is characterized by being arranged.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first aspect, the heating means is connected to a heating medium circulation path, and the heating medium is heated by steam in the heating medium circulation path. It is characterized by having a heating medium heater that performs heating.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a garbage disposal apparatus, wherein a hot air supply path and a fermentation gas exhaust path are connected to a housing for accommodating garbage, and the hot air supply path is supplied with steam. It is characterized by the following.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first or second aspect, a hot air supply path and a fermentation gas exhaust path are connected to the housing. The hot air supply path includes an air heater that heats air by the heat of steam and sends the air into the housing.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the fermentation gas exhaust path is connected to one of an incinerator and a deodorizer. It is characterized by having.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of treating garbage.
A heating medium or steam heated by steam is sent to a heating means of a fermenter for holding the garbage provided in a housing for storing the garbage, and the garbage is heated and fermented. I do.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the garbage disposal method according to the sixth aspect, wherein either the air or the steam heated by the steam is fed into the housing and the garbage is generated in the housing. It is characterized by incineration of fermented gas from garbage in an incinerator or deodorization by a deodorizer.

[0014]

Next, a garbage disposal apparatus and a garbage disposal method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows an external configuration of a garbage processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a housing of a garbage disposal device, and the inside of the housing 1 is a fermentation chamber for fermenting garbage such as garbage. In the upper part of the housing 1, as shown in FIG. 1, an input port 2 for inputting garbage is opened. Note that the garbage disposal apparatus of this embodiment is a garbage disposal apparatus for fermenting and drying food-based dust such as garbage that becomes food waste or a residue in a canteen. It can also be applied to the disposal of residues generated after processing of agricultural, forestry and livestock products and marine products.

A cover 3 is provided in the input port 2.
Is opened and closed by a motor 4. The motor 4 is driven by the control panel 5, and when the garbage input mode is set, the lid 3 is closed.
Is opened, and the lid 3 is closed when the garbage is completely charged. Lid 3
Is detected by the limit switches LS1 and LS2, and the outputs of the limit switches LS1 and LS2 are input to the control panel 5. The open state of the lid 3 is detected by the limit switch LS2, and the rotation of the stirrer 15 described later stops. The state where the lid 3 is opened is detected by the limit switch LS1, and the agitating device 15 becomes rotatable.

An outlet 6 for taking out a fermentation product obtained by fermenting garbage is opened in the lower part of the side wall of the housing 1 (see FIG. 2). The outlet 6 is opened and closed by a lid 7. The lid 7 is attached to a shaft 9 via a pair of arms 8.
Are rotatably held by a pair of bearing plates 10. The shaft 9 is opened and closed by a handle 11 by a worm gear mechanism, and the closed state of the lid 7 is detected by a limit switch LS3. The detection of the closed state of the lid 7 by the limit switch LS3 allows the control panel 5 to rotate the stirrer 15.

A hot air supply pipe 12 for supplying hot air into the housing 1 and a gas exhaust pipe 13 for discharging fermentation gas in the housing 1 are connected to an upper portion of the housing 1. The hot-air supply pipe 12 forms a part of a hot-air supply path 45 described later. The gas exhaust pipe 13 forms a fermentation gas exhaust path 46 described later.

In the housing 1, a fermentation tank 14 for receiving garbage from the input port 2 is stored. The fermenter 14 has a semicircular cross-sectional shape shown by a broken line in FIG. 3, and a shaft 16 of a stirring device 15 extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 is supported at the center of the semicircle of the fermenter 14. Shaft 1 of stirring device 15
A stirring bar 17 is provided at an equal angle around 6, and a stirring blade 18 is attached to the tip of the stirring bar 17.

One end of the shaft 16 is rotatably held by a bearing 20 fixed on a bracket 19A protruding from one side wall 1A of the housing 1. The other end of the shaft 16 is rotatably held by a bearing 21 on a bracket 19B protruding from the other side wall 1B of the housing 1. A sprocket 22 is provided at an end of the shaft 16 on the bearing 21 side. The sprocket 22 is connected to a sprocket 25 of a motor 24 on a base 23 via a chain (not shown). The motor 24 is controlled by the control panel 5 to detect that the lid 3 is open with the limit switch LS1. When the lid 7 is closed by the limit switch LS3, the motor 24 becomes rotatable.

Outside the semicircular cross-section of the fermenter 14, a heating tube 26 as a heating means for the fermenter 14 is provided. A heating medium such as oil is supplied into the heating tube 26. A supply port 28 and a discharge port 29 for the heat medium to be supplied to the heating tube 26 are formed on the side wall of the housing 1, and a supply path 30 for the heat medium is connected to the supply port 28 and the discharge port 29. Examples of the heat medium include water and steam in addition to the above oil. When steam is used as the heat medium, the outlet 29 and the steam drain path 3
7 can be directly connected, and the steam supply path can be simplified.

FIG. 1 shows a circulation path 30 for the heat medium. The heat medium circulation path 30 includes a heat medium heater 31 and a circulation pump 32. The heating medium heater 31 has a steam introduction section 34 and a heating medium introduction section 35. The steam introduction section 34 is provided with a steam supply path 36 through which steam generated in a factory or the like is supplied and a steam drain path 37 through which heat-exchanged steam is discharged. The steam supply path 36 is provided with a valve 38 for controlling the flow rate of the steam. The valve 38 controls the flow rate of the steam by the control panel 5 so that the temperature of the heat medium does not exceed a predetermined value. The steam drain path 37 is provided with a valve 39.

A heat medium introduction path 40 is provided in the heat medium introduction section 35, and a heat medium circulation pump 41 is provided in the heat medium introduction path 40. It is sent to the introduction part 35 of the heater 31. Heat medium circulation pump 41 of heat medium introduction path 40 and outlet 29 of heating pipe 26
Is branched to a heat medium expansion tank 42, the heat medium expanded by heating flows into the expansion tank 42, and the overflowed heat medium flows to the reservoir tank. The amount of heat medium flowing into the expansion tank 42 is detected by the sensor 43, and a detection signal of the sensor 43 is transmitted to the control panel 5. The control panel 5 controls the pump 41 so as to reduce the supply amount of the heat medium when the inflow amount of the sensor 43 becomes larger than a predetermined value.
Control. The heat medium circulation pump 41 supplies the heat medium to the heat medium heater 3
The heat medium is supplied to one heat medium introduction unit 35. The heat medium sent to the heat medium supply unit 35 is heated by the steam introduction unit 34 and sent to the heat medium supply port 28 via the heat medium supply path 44. Supply port 2
The heat medium introduced from 8 into the heating tube 26 heats the fermenter 14 and is sent from the outlet 29 to the circulation pump 41. This heat medium promotes fermentation of the garbage stored in the fermenter 14.

Further, hot air is supplied into the housing 1 as described above, and the garbage is dried during the promotion of fermentation.
The hot air is air heated by steam,
Is connected to a hot air supply path 45 and a fermentation gas exhaust path 46. The hot air supply path 45 is provided with an air heater 49 as a heat exchanger, and the air heater 49 is provided with a steam introduction path 50 and a steam drain discharge path 51. The steam introduction path 50 is provided with a valve 52 for adjusting the flow rate of the steam. The valve 52 is controlled by the control panel 5 to control the flow rate of the steam so that the temperature of the hot air does not exceed a predetermined value. The heated air introduced into the fermentation chamber from the air introduction path 45 is blown into the garbage being fermented to dry the garbage. The fermentation gas of the garbage generated in the fermentation chamber is sent from the fermentation gas exhaust path 46 to the incinerator 47 or the deodorizer 48, where it is incinerated or deodorized.

The fermentation gas exhaust passage 46 has a housing 1
A fan 53 is provided for sucking and discharging the fermentation gas from the inside and introducing hot air into the housing 1.
3 is connected to an incinerator 47 at the exhaust destination,
May be connected. The fan 53 is controlled by the control panel 5 so as to operate when the garbage disposal device is started.

As described above, in this garbage disposal apparatus, the fermenter 14 is provided in the housing 1 forming the fermentation chamber, and the heating pipe 26 through which the heat medium passes is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fermenter 14. A heat medium circulation path 30 is provided in the pipe 26,
A heat medium heater 31 for exchanging heat of steam with the heat medium is provided in the heat medium circulation path 30, and a hot air supply path 45 for supplying hot air to the housing 1 and a fermentation gas exhaust system path 46 are provided. An air heater 49 is provided in the hot air supply path 45 for heating the air by the heat of the steam and sending the air into the housing 1. The steam generated in the factory or the like is introduced into the heating medium heater 31 and the air heater 49 to generate heat. Since the medium and the air are heated, the running cost can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, by introducing the garbage fermentation gas generated in the housing 1 to an incinerator in a factory or the like and burning it, not only the generation of offensive odor can be prevented but also the incineration temperature of the incinerator does not decrease. .

In the above-described embodiment, the heating medium and the air are heated by steam and supplied to the heating tube 26 and the housing 1, respectively.
It is also conceivable to introduce steam directly into the heating tube 26 as a heat source. Alternatively, steam may be supplied directly from the hot air supply path 45 to ferment and dry the garbage.

[0028]

According to the garbage disposal apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention,
Since the heating means for heating the garbage by steam is disposed in the housing for storing the garbage, the garbage is heated by the steam. By supplying the steam generated at the factory or the like to the heating means, the processing amount is reduced. Even large garbage,
Running costs can be reduced.

The garbage disposal apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the heating means is connected to a heating medium circulation path, and the heating medium is heated by steam in the heating medium circulation path. Since the heating medium heater has a heating medium, the steam generated in a factory or the like is supplied to the heating means as in the garbage disposal apparatus of claim 1, so that the running cost can be reduced even if the garbage has a large processing amount. Things.

In the garbage disposal apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention, a hot air supply path and a fermentation gas exhaust path are connected to a housing for accommodating garbage, and the hot air supply path is supplied with steam. The garbage can be fermented and dried by the steam, and the garbage can be fermented and dried by supplying steam generated in a factory or the like to the heating means, as in the garbage disposal apparatus of claims 1 and 2.
The running cost can be reduced even for garbage with a large processing amount.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of the first and second aspects, a hot air supply path and a fermentation gas exhaust path are connected to the housing. Since the hot air supply path is provided with an air heater for heating the air by the heat of steam and sending the air into the housing, the running cost can be reduced even for garbage with a large throughput as in claim 3. In addition, there is no need to provide a pressure-resistant container for steam in the housing.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, the fermentation gas exhaust path is connected to one of an incinerator and a deodorizer. It can prevent the leakage of fermentation gas,
It is possible to prevent a decrease in the incineration temperature caused by putting garbage with a high moisture content into the incinerator, thereby preventing generation of environmental pollutants.

The method for treating garbage according to claim 6 of the present invention is as follows.
In the heating means of the fermenter in the housing that stores the garbage,
Send either the heating medium or steam heated by steam,
Since the garbage is heated and fermented, the running cost can be reduced even if the garbage has a large processing amount as described in claims 1 to 3.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the garbage disposal method according to the sixth aspect, wherein either the air or the steam heated by the steam is fed into the housing and the garbage is generated in the housing. The fermentation gas from the raw garbage is incinerated in an incinerator or deodorized by a deodorizer, which prevents leakage of the fermentation gas and prevents lowering of the incineration temperature due to the introduction of garbage with a high moisture content into the incinerator, resulting in environmental pollution. The generation of substances can be prevented.

Further, according to the garbage disposal apparatus and the disposal method according to the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, the garbage disposal apparatus is advantageous in conformity with environmental conservation standards such as ISO14000.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a heat medium circulation path, a hot air supply system path, and a fermentation gas exhaust path of a garbage processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of a fermenter in the housing of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an external view of a stirring device disposed inside the fermenter of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a view showing a side shape of the stirring device of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 14 Fermenter 26 Heating pipe (heating means) 30 Heat medium circulation path 31 Heat medium heater 45 Hot air supply path 46 Fermentation gas exhaust system path 47 Incinerator 49 Air heater

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A garbage disposal apparatus, wherein a heating means for heating the garbage with steam is disposed in a housing for accommodating the garbage. 2. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating means is connected to a heating medium circulation path, and the heating means has a heating medium heater for heating the heating medium by steam in the heating medium circulation path. Garbage disposal equipment. 3. A garbage disposal apparatus, wherein a hot air supply path and a fermentation gas exhaust path are connected to a housing for accommodating garbage, and the hot air supply path is supplied with steam. 4. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a hot air supply path and a fermentation gas exhaust path are connected to the housing, and the hot air supply path supplies air by heat of steam. A garbage disposal apparatus comprising an air heater for heating and sending the heated garbage into the housing. 5. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said fermentation gas exhaust path is connected to one of an incinerator and a deodorizer. . 6. A heating medium or a steam heated by steam is sent to a heating means of a fermentation tank provided in a housing for accommodating the garbage and holding the garbage, and the garbage is heated and fermented. A method of treating garbage. 7. The garbage disposal method according to claim 6, wherein either air or steam heated by steam is sent into said housing, and fermentation gas of garbage generated in said housing is passed through an incinerator. A garbage disposal method characterized by deodorizing by incineration or a deodorizer.