JP2000116674A - Shaped body for increasing alveolar ridge - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively increase the alveolar bone by forming a shaped body for increasing the alveolar ridge used to thicken the alveolar bone in a part where an implant is to be embedded as a membranous thing having a fixed shape, using a bioabsorbable material. SOLUTION: A shaped body 4 for increasing the alveolar ridge to thicken the alveolar bone in a part where an implant is to be embedded, is formed as a membranous thing having a fixed shape, using a bioabsorbable material. As this bioabsorbable material, a biocompatible material that is absorptive, resistant to infection and unreactive to foreign matters, a polylactic acid, polyglycol acid, collagen or a mixture of those substances or the like. The shape of the shaped body for increasing the alveolar ridge is preferably formed into a saddle to secure a bone formation space (dental bone formation cavity). The shaped body for increasing the alveolar ridge preferably has tissue fluid permeability and the membranous thing is given holes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an alveolar ridge augment for increasing the thickness of an alveolar bone at a site where an implant is to be implanted so that an implant method can be performed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, artificial dental roots have been gradually becoming popular instead of dentures and dentures, and their usefulness is being confirmed. That is, the implant method is a method of fixing an artificial tooth to an artificial tooth root in which titanium or the like is embedded. This state is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, an implant 5 is implanted in a space of the alveolar bone 2 after tooth extraction, and the artificial tooth 1 is fixed on the implanted implant. However, the implant method requires that the alveolar bone at the site to be implanted has a certain degree of thickness and strength. Could not be implemented. As a solution, attempts have been made to increase the thickness of the alveolar bone at the site where the implant method is performed, but it has not been possible to promote the expected increase in the alveolar bone.

Recently, Guided Bone Regen
The translation (GBR) method has been proposed. This method secures a space at the site where the bone is to be formed, suppresses the invasion of other tissues into the space, and attempts to form bone in that space. The usefulness of the alveolar crest is also shown in comparison with conventional artificial bone transplantation and connective tissue graft transplantation. The most important thing in this GBR method is to secure a space for bone formation, but none of the methods proposed so far has been satisfactory. For example, GBR with a Gore-Tex film attached to a frame made of Ti metal on the alveolar ridge to secure space
The membrane is covered to prevent invasion of epithelial tissue. However, the covering of the alveolar ridge with the GBR membrane causes an impairment of tissue fluid supply, resulting in the necrosis of the gingiva or alveolar mucosa. .
Further, as described above, since the membrane is made of a material that is non-absorbable to the living body called Gore-Tex, a secondary operation for removing the Gore-Tex is required, and the danger of infection due to this is also mentioned. . In addition, a screw is set up in the center of the space to secure the space by the membrane, but the practitioner,
Alternatively, the burden on the patient is very large, including time constraints. Recently, there have been some non-absorbable membranes that have been given a shape with metal to eliminate the need for a space-securing material such as a screw.In this case, however, since the membrane itself is a non-absorbable material, the above-described problem is not solved. Not resolved.

[0004]

In view of the above, the present inventor has made various investigations and found that the alveolar ridges of the alveolar alveolar ridges which are all made of an absorptive material and which are shaped to secure space are provided. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an alveolar ridge augment comprising an absorbable shape for use in the GBR method.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The gist of the present invention is an alveolar ridge augmented body characterized in that it is made of a bioabsorbable material and has a fixed shape. The film-like material having the fixed shape means that the film-like material is not flexible but has a certain shape although it is constituted by a film-like material. The alveolar ridge augmentation body is preferably in the form of a membrane having a bulged central portion, and moreover, it is preferred that a large number of membranes are laminated. Then, it is preferable that at least one of the stacked films has a hole, and it is preferable that the film can be sutured. It is also preferable to have a shape retaining film at the center.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
The bioabsorbable material constituting the alveolar ridge augmented body of the present invention refers to a biocompatible material that is absorbable in a living body and does not cause infection, foreign body reaction, and the like. For example, there are biological materials such as collagen, chitosan, chitin, and hyaluronic acid, and synthetic polymers such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, and a mixture thereof. The shaped body for alveolar ridge augmentation of the present invention is a membrane having a fixed shape with the above-mentioned bioabsorbable material. The shaped body for alveolar ridge augmentation of the present invention is composed of only a bioabsorbable material, and therefore, it is important that a certain shape is given only by the bioabsorbable material. It is preferable that the shape be a shape in which the central portion is raised in order to secure a bone formation space (bone formation space). As a method of giving such a shape, a shape is given by a frame made of a film-like material made of a bioabsorbable material, or a shape is given only by a film-like material made of a material for a bioabsorbable material. And the like. In particular, when a shape is provided only with a film-like material made of a bioabsorbable material, the shape can be determined by first determining the shape during the manufacturing process and then performing chemical crosslinking or the like to maintain the shape.

The alveolar ridge augmentation body of the present invention is made of a bioabsorbable material and is in the form of a membrane, but desirably has the permeability of tissue fluid. Therefore, in order to further enhance the permeability of the alveolar ridge augmentation shape of the present invention, it is desirable to make a hole in the membrane of the alveolar ridge augmentation shape. Since it cannot be secured, as a multilayer structure, one of the films forming the layer,
For example, it is desirable to make holes in the film of the intermediate layer. It is preferable that the outer tub prevent the invasion of tissues or cells such as gums. The thickness of the alveolar ridge augmentation body of the present invention varies depending on the material, but if it is too thin, it will be rapidly absorbed and insufficient bone growth will be obtained, and if it is too thick, the membrane will be covered with gingiva after adaptation. 0.1 mm
From about 3 mm. As the shape of the alveolar ridge augmentation material, any of a flat shape, a saddle shape with a raised central portion, a tent shape, and the like are possible, but a saddle shape with a raised central portion is particularly desirable from the viewpoint of the effect. As a preferred form of the alveolar ridge augmentation body of the present invention, for example, a membrane in which holes having a diameter of about 0.2 mm are formed in the saddle-shaped collagen at intervals of about 1 cm is used for the central layer, and both sides thereof are used. After laminating a membrane made of collagen and having a thickness of about 0.5 mm, the whole is maintained in shape by chemical cross-linking to produce a shaped material for alveolar ridge augmentation having excellent permeability and absorptive shape. I can do it.

[0008] As for the size of the shape material, it is necessary to cover an area for securing a space necessary for erecting a required number of implants, and a shape material having a size corresponding to the area is required. However, if the space to be secured is too large, it is difficult to secure the space. Therefore, in practice, it is desirable to secure a space for one to three implants. Regarding the hardness of the shaped material, it is desirable to be hard from the viewpoint of securing a space. For this reason, it is necessary to be soft enough to change its shape when it comes into contact with water or blood.

[0009]

Examples and Comparative Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Example 1 A 2% atelocollagen acidic solution and a 2% tendon collagen acidic dispersion were mixed and dried, and after compression, a collagen film having a thickness of 0.4 mm was formed. This was chemically cross-linked using hexamethylene diisocyanate in methanol. This was cut out into an ellipse and formed into a U-shape. This collagen membrane was adhered to a 0.8 mm diameter collagen rod frame and reinforced to form a shaped material for alveolar bone ridge augmentation. Example 2 An acidic solution of 2% atelocollagen and an acidic dispersion of 2% tendon collagen were mixed, dried, and compressed to form a collagen film having a thickness of 0.4 mm. After attaching a film consisting only of tendon collagen to both sides, the whole shape is made saddle-shaped. This was chemically crosslinked using hexamethylene diisocyanate in methanol to obtain a shaped material for alveolar bone augmentation.

Example 3 A 2% acidic solution of atelocollagen and a 2% acidic dispersion of tendon collagen were mixed, dried, and compressed to form a collagen film having a thickness of 0.4 mm. A hole of about 1 mm
Opened every cm. After attaching a film consisting only of tendon collagen to both sides, the whole shape is made saddle-shaped. This was chemically crosslinked using hexamethylene diisocyanate in methanol to obtain a shaped material for alveolar bone augmentation.

Example 4 The GBR film prepared in Example 1 was used for a dog edentulous alveolar ridge model. Prior to the experiment, the first posterior molar of the lower jaw was removed and left for 3 months until the extracted alveolar bone regenerated. An incision is made with a scalpel at a position about 5 mm apical from the buccal gingival alveolar mucosal border after removal of the first posterior molar, and a longitudinal incision is made at the third distal molar distal end and at the second posterior mesial. After the application, the buccal mucoperiosteal flap was peeled in the lingual direction. A buccolingually continuous artificial bone defect with a mesiocentral width of 5 mm including buccolingual cortical bone was created. A GBR membrane was placed so that the bone defect could be sufficiently covered, and the flap was repositioned and sutured. At one week after the operation, the wound was opened and the membrane was exposed in 2 of the 24 performed operations, and resuturing was performed. However, no infection due to the exposure of the membrane was observed in any case. At the time of thread removal, closure was confirmed by epithelialization of the wound gingiva. The remaining cases showed clinically good healing, no abnormal findings were observed, and no alveolar ridge depression. When the operation site was observed by radiography 12 weeks after the operation, almost no alveolar bone resorption was observed, and it was confirmed that the bone was sufficiently enlarged as the alveolar ridge by the GBR method. Furthermore, almost no remaining collagen membrane was observed, and no inflammatory cells were observed around the membrane installation part.

EXAMPLE 5 A polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer was prepared with a thickness of 0.1 mm.
After forming a 5 mm elliptical shape, a film made of tendon collagen was cut and pasted on both surfaces thereof approximately 5 mm larger than the ellipse to form a shaped material for alveolar ridge augmentation. Example 6 In the elliptical membrane made of the polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer of Example 5, holes of about 1 mm were made at intervals of 1 cm, and otherwise, a shaped material for alveolar ridge augmentation was prepared as in Example 5. did.

Comparative Example 1 An artificial bone defect was created in the edentulous alveolar ridge in the same manner as in Example 4, and then the gingival flap was sutured without using the shaped body and merely repositioning and fitting the gingival flap. At the time of thread removal one week after the operation, a depression was visually observed, and resorption of alveolar bone was remarkably observed by X-ray photography.

[0014]

As described above, the absorbable GBR film according to the present invention can not only increase the alveolar bone serving as the base of the implant, but also use the absorbable GBR film of the present invention as in the prior art. It is clinically simple without the need for secondary surgery, has no problems such as gingival tooth breakage, infection, etc. In addition, because of the shape, it is possible to secure space without using a screw or the like without using a space. Things.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a state in which an alveolar ridge augmented shape of the present invention is used.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an implant method.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 artificial tooth 2 alveolar bone 3 gingiva 4 alveolar ridge augmentation body 5 implant 6 alveolar bone formation cavity

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4C059 AA02 AA10 4C081 AB02 BA12 BB08 CD121 CD35 DC03

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An alveolar ridge augmentation shape body which is made of a bioabsorbable material and has a fixed shape. 2. The shape for alveolar ridge augmentation according to claim 1, wherein the bioabsorbable material is selected from polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and collagen, or a mixture thereof. 3. The shape for alveolar ridge augmentation according to claim 1, wherein the center portion is formed of a film having a raised saddle shape. 4. The alveolar ridge augment according to claim 1, which has a multiplicity of membrane structures. 5. The alveolar ridge augmentation structure according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of membrane structures have holes in one or more layers thereof. 6. The shape for alveolar ridge augmentation according to claim 4, wherein the suturing can be performed by allowing one or more layers in a plurality of membrane structures to be sewn. 7. The film according to claim 4, wherein a shape maintaining film is provided at a central portion, and a film thinner than the central portion is provided around the film.
The shape for alveolar bone ridge augmentation according to any one of the above.