JP2000096070A - Facility for producing solid fuel - Google Patents
Facility for producing solid fuelInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000096070A JP2000096070A JP10266564A JP26656498A JP2000096070A JP 2000096070 A JP2000096070 A JP 2000096070A JP 10266564 A JP10266564 A JP 10266564A JP 26656498 A JP26656498 A JP 26656498A JP 2000096070 A JP2000096070 A JP 2000096070A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solid fuel
- power generation
- waste
- crusher
- combustible waste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、一般家庭やオフィ
スなどから排出された可燃性のごみから固形燃料を製造
するための固形燃料製造設備に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid fuel production facility for producing solid fuel from combustible waste discharged from households and offices.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般家庭やオフィスなどから排出された
可燃性のごみを焼却する場合、旧式な中小の焼却炉で焼
却するよりも大規模で、かつ、高性能の焼却炉で焼却し
た方が経済的であるばかりでなく、ダイオキシンなどの
有害物質の排出規制をクリアする上で有利である、と言
われている。2. Description of the Related Art When incinerating combustible waste discharged from households and offices, it is better to incinerate in a large-scale and high-performance incinerator than to incinerate an old and small incinerator. It is said that it is not only economical, but also advantageous in clearing the emission regulations for dioxins and other harmful substances.
【０００３】このため、上記の如き可燃性のごみを、予
め、所定の形状に圧縮成型して固形燃料（ＲＤＦ）にす
ることが提唱され、その普及が期待されている。一般
に、固形燃料製造設備に送り込まれたごみは、破砕工
程、選別工程、混合工程（生石灰を混合する）、圧縮成
型工程、及び乾燥工程を通って固形燃料となるが、ごみ
の固形燃料化は、破砕機、選別機、混合機、圧縮成型機
が必要とする動力や、乾燥炉の熱源として多くのエネル
ギーを必要とするため、普及し難い一因になっている。For this reason, it has been proposed to compress the combustible waste as described above into a predetermined shape to obtain a solid fuel (RDF), and its spread is expected. Generally, garbage sent to the solid fuel production facility becomes solid fuel through a crushing step, a sorting step, a mixing step (mixing quicklime), a compression molding step, and a drying step. In addition, power required by a crusher, a sorter, a mixer, and a compression molding machine, and a large amount of energy as a heat source of a drying furnace are required, which is one of the factors that are difficult to spread.
【０００４】因に、固形燃料製造設備の所要電力は、ご
み１トン当たり８０ｋＷ必要であり、乾燥エネルギー
（灯油換算）は、ごみ１トン当たり２５０，０００ｋｃ
ａｌ必要であり、換言すれば、ごみ１トン当たり灯油が
３５リットル必要である。また、ごみの固形燃料化は、
上記の製造プロセス以外に、破砕工程、乾燥工程、選別
工程、混合工程（消石灰を混合する）、及び圧縮成型工
程からなる製造プロセスもあるが、エネルギー消費量に
は、殆ど変わりがない。[0004] The power required for the solid fuel production equipment is required to be 80 kW per ton of waste, and the dry energy (kerosene conversion) is 250,000 kc per ton of waste.
al, in other words, 35 liters of kerosene per ton of waste is required. Also, the conversion of garbage to solid fuel
In addition to the above manufacturing process, there is also a manufacturing process including a crushing step, a drying step, a sorting step, a mixing step (mixing slaked lime), and a compression molding step, but the energy consumption is hardly changed.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、係る問題に
鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、
一般家庭やオフィスなどから排出された可燃性のごみか
ら固形燃料を製造するに際し、エネルギー消費量が少な
く、経済的で、かつ、地球に優しい固形燃料製造設備を
提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object the following:
An object of the present invention is to provide an economical and earth-friendly solid fuel production facility that consumes less energy when producing solid fuel from combustible waste discharged from general households and offices.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
め、本発明の固形燃料製造設備は、ごみを所定の大きさ
に破砕する破砕機、不燃物と破砕された可燃性のごみを
選別する選別機、破砕された可燃性のごみにバインダー
を混合させる混合機、バインダーが混合されたごみを所
定の形状に圧縮成型する圧縮成型機の電力として自家発
電で発電した電気を用いると共に、自家発電中に排出さ
れる排ガスの熱エネルギーを利用して破砕機で破砕され
たごみ又は圧縮成型機で圧縮成型された湿潤状態の固形
燃料を乾燥させることを特徴とするものである。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a solid fuel production facility of the present invention is a crusher for crushing waste into a predetermined size, and separates non-combustible materials and crushed combustible waste. A separator that mixes a binder with crushed flammable waste, a compression molding machine that compresses and molds the garbage mixed with the binder into a predetermined shape. The present invention is characterized in that refuse crushed by a crusher or wet solid fuel compression-molded by a compression molding machine is dried by using thermal energy of exhaust gas discharged during power generation.
【０００７】このように、ごみを所定の大きさに破砕す
る破砕機、不燃物と破砕された可燃性のごみを選別する
選別機、破砕された可燃性のごみにバインダーを混合さ
せる混合機、バインダーが混合されたごみを所定の形状
に圧縮成型する圧縮成型機の電力として自家発電で発電
した電気を用いると共に、自家発電中に排出される排ガ
スの熱エネルギーを利用して破砕機で破砕されたごみ又
は圧縮成型機で圧縮成型された湿潤状態の固形燃料を乾
燥させることにより、１次エネルギーベースで見た場
合、エネルギー消費量を低減できる。As described above, a crusher for crushing refuse to a predetermined size, a separator for separating non-combustible materials and crushed combustible waste, a mixer for mixing a binder with the crushed combustible waste, In addition to using electricity generated by in-house power generation as power for the compression molding machine that compresses and molds the garbage mixed with the binder into a predetermined shape, it is crushed by a crusher using the heat energy of exhaust gas discharged during in-house power generation. By drying garbage or wet solid fuel that has been compression molded by a compression molding machine, energy consumption can be reduced when viewed on a primary energy basis.
【０００８】ここで、自家発電としては、ガスタービン
発電やガスエンジン発電、或いは、ディーゼルエンジン
発電が望ましい。Here, as the private power generation, gas turbine power generation, gas engine power generation, or diesel engine power generation is desirable.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面により本発明の実施の
形態を説明する。図１は、本発明に係る固形燃料製造設
備の概略図であり、一般家庭やオフィスなどから排出さ
れた可燃性のごみＡは、ごみを所定の大きさに破砕する
破砕機１、不燃物と破砕された可燃性のごみを選別する
選別機２、破砕された可燃性のごみに生石灰Ｋをバイン
ダーとして混合させる混合機３、バインダーが混合され
たごみを所定の形状に圧縮成型する圧縮成型機４、圧縮
成型された湿潤状態の固形燃料を乾燥させる乾燥炉５を
経て固形燃料Ｂとなる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid fuel production facility according to the present invention, in which flammable waste A discharged from a general household or an office is a crusher 1 for crushing waste to a predetermined size, and a non-combustible material. Sorting machine 2 for sorting crushed combustible waste, mixer 3 for mixing quicklime K as a binder with crushed combustible waste, compression molding machine for compression-molding binder mixed garbage into a predetermined shape. 4. The solid fuel B is obtained through a drying furnace 5 for drying the wet fuel in the compressed state.
【００１０】一方、上記の破砕機１、選別機２、混合機
３、圧縮成型機４、乾燥炉５を備えている固形燃料製造
工場６は、自家発電設備１０を備えている。この自家発
電設備１０は、ガスタービン１１によって発電機１２を
駆動するようになっており、ガスタービン１１は、空気
圧縮機１３と燃焼器１４とタービン１５から構成されて
いる。図中、符号Ｃは空気圧縮機１３に取り込まれる空
気、Ｄは燃焼器１４に供給される燃料を示している。On the other hand, the solid fuel production plant 6 including the crusher 1, the separator 2, the mixer 3, the compression molding machine 4, and the drying furnace 5 has an in-house power generation facility 10. The private power generation facility 10 drives a power generator 12 by a gas turbine 11, and the gas turbine 11 includes an air compressor 13, a combustor 14, and a turbine 15. In the drawing, reference symbol C indicates air taken into the air compressor 13, and D indicates fuel supplied to the combustor 14.
【００１１】この自家発電設備１０で発電された電気Ｅ
は、動力ケーブル１６を通って破砕機１、選別機２、混
合機３、圧縮成型機４にそれぞれ供給される。一方、タ
ービン１５から排出された排ガスＦは、配管１７を通っ
て乾燥炉５に供給された後、配管１８を通って大気中に
放出される。The electric power E generated by the private power generation facility 10
Is supplied to the crusher 1, the sorter 2, the mixer 3, and the compression molding machine 4 through the power cable 16. On the other hand, the exhaust gas F discharged from the turbine 15 is supplied to the drying furnace 5 through the pipe 17 and then discharged into the atmosphere through the pipe 18.
【００１２】図２に示すように、乾燥炉５は、熱風炉７
を有し、熱風炉７によって排ガスＦの不足分を補うよう
になっている。また、乾燥炉５に接続している上記配管
１７，１８は、循環用の管路１９によって互いに連通さ
れ、ガスタービン排ガス及び熱風炉の燃焼ガスの一部を
循環させるようになっている。図２中、符号２０は循環
ガスブロアー、Ｇは熱風炉７に供給される燃料、Ｈは熱
風炉７に供給される燃焼用空気を示している。As shown in FIG. 2, the drying furnace 5 includes a hot blast furnace 7
The hot blast stove 7 compensates for the shortage of the exhaust gas F. The pipes 17 and 18 connected to the drying furnace 5 are communicated with each other by a circulation pipe 19 so as to circulate a part of the gas turbine exhaust gas and the combustion gas of the hot blast stove. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a circulating gas blower, G denotes fuel supplied to the hot stove 7, and H denotes combustion air supplied to the hot stove 7.
【００１３】そして、所定の形状に圧縮成型された湿潤
状態の固形燃料Ｂ′は、乾燥炉５の中を通過する間に乾
燥され、乾燥した固形燃料Ｂとなって乾燥炉５から排出
される。The solid fuel B 'in a wet state, which has been compression-molded into a predetermined shape, is dried while passing through the drying furnace 5, and is discharged from the drying furnace 5 as a dried solid fuel B. .
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】（実施例）ごみの処理量が１２．５ｔ／ｈ
（３００ｔ／ｄ）の場合、自家発電設備を備えている本
発明の固形燃料製造設備と、自家発電設備の備えのない
従来の固形燃料製造設備の年間エネルギー使用料を「表
１」に示す。「表１」から本発明の年間エネルギー使用
料は、比較例の約５４％程度で済み、経済的であること
が分かる。但し、稼動時間は、２４００ｈ（３００日×
８時間）とした。[Embodiment] (Embodiment) Waste disposal amount is 12.5 t / h
In the case of (300 t / d), Table 1 shows the annual energy usage fees of the solid fuel production facility of the present invention having the private power generation facility and the conventional solid fuel production facility without the private power generation facility. From Table 1, it can be seen that the annual energy usage fee of the present invention is only about 54% of the comparative example, which is economical. However, the operation time is 2400h (300 days x
8 hours).
【００１５】[0015]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１６】（内訳） （１）本発明 ガスタービン発電設備の発電能力を１０００ｋＷ、発電
効率を２５％、使用燃料を灯油とすると、ガスタービン
発電設備の燃料消費量は、３８０（ｌ／ｈ）となる。(Breakdown) (1) The present invention Assuming that the power generation capacity of the gas turbine power generation equipment is 1000 kW, the power generation efficiency is 25%, and the fuel used is kerosene, the fuel consumption of the gas turbine power generation equipment is 380 (l / h). Becomes
【００１７】一方、乾燥炉の乾燥熱量は、 １，９６０，０００ｋｃａｌ／ｈ（廃熱）＋１，２０
０，０００ｋｃａｌ／ｈ（助燃）＝３，１６０，０００
ｋｃａｌ／ｈ となり、熱風炉の助燃量は、灯油換算で１３０（ｌ／
ｈ）となる。なお、廃熱は、４５０℃から１５０℃まで
利用した。On the other hand, the drying calorie of the drying furnace is 1,960,000 kcal / h (waste heat) +1,20
0000 kcal / h (assisted combustion) = 3,160,000
kcal / h, and the auxiliary combustion amount of the hot blast stove is 130 (l /
h). The waste heat was used from 450 ° C to 150 ° C.
【００１８】従って、本発明の灯油使用料は、 （３８０（ｌ／ｈ）＋１３０（ｌ／ｈ））×３０（円／
ｌ）×２４００ｈ≒３７，０００，０００円 となる。また、１次エネルギー消費量は、 ３８０（ｌ／ｈ）＋１３０（ｌ／ｈ）＝５１０（ｌ／
ｈ） となる。Therefore, the kerosene fee of the present invention is (380 (l / h) +130 (l / h)) × 30 (yen /
l) × 2400h ≒ 37,000,000 yen. The primary energy consumption is 380 (l / h) +130 (l / h) = 510 (l / h).
h)
【００１９】（２）比較例 電力を１０００ｋＷ購入した。この購入電力は、灯油に
換算すると、送電ロスを見込んで２５０（ｌ／ｈ）とな
る。また、乾燥炉の燃料使用料は４４０（ｌ／ｈ）とな
る。従って、電力使用料は、 １０００ｋＷｈ×１５円／ｋＷｈ×２４００ｈ＝３６，
０００，０００円 となり、灯油使用料は、 ４４０（ｌ／ｈ）×３０（円／ｌ）×２４００（ｈ）≒
３２，０００，０００円 となる。(2) Comparative Example 1000 kW of electric power was purchased. When converted to kerosene, the purchased power is 250 (l / h) in consideration of the power transmission loss. The fuel usage fee of the drying furnace is 440 (l / h). Therefore, the power usage fee is 1000 kWh × 15 yen / kWh × 2400h = 36,
The price will be 440 (l / h) x 30 (yen / l) x 2400 (h).
It will be 32,000,000 yen.
【００２０】また、１次エネルギー消費量は、 ２５０（ｌ／ｈ）＋４４０（ｌ／ｈ）＝６９０（ｌ／
ｈ） となる。The primary energy consumption is 250 (l / h) +440 (l / h) = 690 (l / h)
h)
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】上記のように、本発明は、ごみを破砕す
る工程、選別する工程、バインダーを混合する工程、圧
縮成型する工程の動力源として自家発電によって得た電
力を用い、かつ、自家発電中に排出される排ガスの熱エ
ネルギーを利用して破砕工程で破砕されたごみ又は圧縮
成型工程で圧縮成型された湿潤状態の固形燃料を乾燥さ
せるため、１次エネルギーベースで見た場合、エネルギ
ー消費量を従来に比べて大幅に低減することができる。
すなわち、エネルギー消費量を従来より約２６％（（１
−（５１０／６９０）×１００）に低減できる。従っ
て、その分、炭酸ガスの排出量も低減でき、地球に優し
い設備となる。As described above, the present invention uses the power obtained by private power generation as a power source for the steps of crushing, sorting, mixing a binder, and compression molding. In order to dry the refuse crushed in the crushing process or the wet solid fuel compacted in the compression molding process using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas discharged during power generation, when viewed on a primary energy basis, energy The consumption can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional case.
That is, the energy consumption is reduced by about 26% ((1
− (510/690) × 100). Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide emission can be reduced correspondingly, and the facility is earth-friendly.
【図１】本発明に係る固形燃料製造設備の概略図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid fuel production facility according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の乾燥炉の詳細図である。FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the drying furnace of FIG.
１ 破砕機 ２ 選別機 ３ 混合機 ４ 圧縮成型機 Ａ ごみ Ｂ′湿潤状態の
固形燃料 Ｅ 自家発電で発電した電気 Ｆ 排ガスDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Sorter 3 Mixer 4 Compression molding machine A Garbage B 'Wet solid fuel E Electricity generated by private power generation F Exhaust gas
Claims (3)
不燃物と破砕された可燃性のごみを選別する選別機、破
砕された可燃性のごみにバインダーを混合させる混合
機、バインダーが混合されたごみを所定の形状に圧縮成
型する圧縮成型機の電力として自家発電で発電した電気
を用いると共に、自家発電中に排出される排ガスの熱エ
ネルギーを利用して破砕機で破砕されたごみ又は圧縮成
型機で圧縮成型された湿潤状態の固形燃料を乾燥させる
ことを特徴とする固形燃料製造設備。1. A crusher for crushing garbage to a predetermined size,
Separators that sort incombustibles and crushed combustible waste, mixers that mix binders with crushed combustible waste, and power of compression molding machines that compress and mold binder-mixed garbage into a predetermined shape As well as using electricity generated by in-house power generation, it also uses the thermal energy of exhaust gas discharged during in-house power generation to dry refuse crushed by a crusher or wet solid fuel compression-molded by a compression molding machine. A solid fuel production facility, characterized in that:
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の固形燃料製造設備。2. The solid fuel production equipment according to claim 1, wherein gas turbine power generation is used as private power generation.
ゼルエンジン発電を用いることを特徴とする請求項１記
載の固形燃料製造設備。3. The solid fuel production facility according to claim 1, wherein a gas engine or a diesel engine power generation is used as the private power generation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10266564A JP2000096070A (en) | 1998-09-21 | 1998-09-21 | Facility for producing solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10266564A JP2000096070A (en) | 1998-09-21 | 1998-09-21 | Facility for producing solid fuel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000096070A true JP2000096070A (en) | 2000-04-04 |
Family
ID=17432594
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10266564A Withdrawn JP2000096070A (en) | 1998-09-21 | 1998-09-21 | Facility for producing solid fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000096070A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017131799A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-03 | 環境パートナーシップ株式会社 | Recycle system |
-
1998
- 1998-09-21 JP JP10266564A patent/JP2000096070A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017131799A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-03 | 環境パートナーシップ株式会社 | Recycle system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Application deemed to be withdrawn because no request for examination was validly filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20060110 |