JP2000081133A - Interlock device of transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the structure to reduce the number of part items and to facilitate the machining to enhance the assembling property and maintenance property by engaging a land part with the engagement groove of a fork shaft, and opposing a groove part to the engagement groove. SOLUTION: A groove part 36 between lands 28, 30 of an interlock shaft 24 is substantially opposed to the engagement groove 18 of a fork shaft 12, and the land parts 28, 30 on both the sides are situated in the positions where they are never fitted to or interfered with the engagement groove 18. Accordingly, one of two different gear positions can be selected. Since the land part 24 of the interlock shaft 24 is engaged with the engagement groove 20 of a fork shaft 14 the fork shaft 14 is prohibited to axially displace. Further, since the left half of the land part 34 of the inter shaft 24 is engaged with the engagement groove 20 of a fork shaft 16, the fork shaft 16 is prohibited to axially displace. Accordingly, other gear positions belonging to the fork shafts 14, 16 cannot be selected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an interlock device for a transmission in a vehicle such as an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an example of an interlock device for an automobile transmission, a fork shaft or a shift rail provided with an interlock plate having a substantially U-shaped front surface and having a plurality of the interlock plates arranged in parallel. An apparatus which permits or prohibits the axial displacement of the fork shaft or the shift rail by displacing the fork shaft or the shift rail in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the fork shaft is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-2.
96347. (In some cases, it is referred to as a previously proposed device.)

[0006] The schematic structure of the above-mentioned proposed device will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. Reference numerals 01, 02 and 03 in the figure
Is a transmission case 04 of which only a part is shown.
And a fork shaft or shift rail supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction. As an example,
01 is a fork shaft for 1st and 2nd speed, 02 is a fork shaft for 3rd and 4th speed, and 03 is a fork shaft for 5th speed and reverse. The shift fork for operating the speed change clutch is mounted.

The above fork shafts 01, 02 and 03
Transmission case 04 slidably supporting the vicinity of one end of the transmission
The retainer member 08 is attached to the fork shaft 0 via mounting bolts 06.
A guide groove 010 extending in a direction perpendicular to the axes of 1, 02 and 03 is cut and the fork shaft 0
Through holes 012, 014 and 016 for slidably inserting 1, 02 and 03, respectively, are provided.

An interlock plate 018 having a substantially U-shaped front shape is inserted into the guide groove 010. The interlock plate 018 extends in the guide groove 010 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fork shafts 01 to 03. Sliding displacement is possible. One of the two parallel legs 020 and 022 of the interlock plate 018
20 is inserted between the fork shafts 03 and 02, and the other leg 022 is inserted between the fork shafts 02 and 01.

The side edge 018a of the one leg 020 facing the fork shaft 03 is connected to the fork shaft 03.
Cooperates with a notch or recess 024 formed on the outer peripheral surface of
In addition, mutually opposing side edges 018b of the legs 020 and 022
And 018c cooperate with a concave groove 026 surrounded on the outer peripheral surface of the fork shaft 02, and further, the other leg 0
22 of the side edge 018d facing the fork shaft 01
Cooperates with a notch or recess 028 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fork shaft 01.

At the position of the interlock plate 018 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the upper side edge 018a of the leg 020 does not fit into the concave portion 024 of the fork shaft 03, and the lower side of the leg 020 does not fit. Of the fork shaft 02 fits into the groove 026 of the fork shaft 02,
2 fits into the concave portion 028 of the fork shaft 01, so that the fork shafts 01 and 02 receive the axial displacement of the interlock plate 0, respectively.
Forbidden by the fork shaft 03
Can slide freely in the axial direction. Therefore, the fork shaft 03 is moved by an unillustrated manual shift lever or actuator such as an air cylinder.
Is displaced in the axial direction, it is possible to select the fifth speed or reverse through a shift fork fixed to the fork shaft.

Next, each of the fork shafts 01, 02, 0
When the interlock plate 018 is slightly displaced upward from the position shown in FIG. 7 when the position 3 is in the neutral position, the upper side edge 018a of the leg 020 enters the recess 24 of the fork shaft 03, and The lower side edge 018b of the leg 020 and the upper side edge 018c of the leg 022
Are not engaged in the concave groove 026 of the fork shaft 02, and the lower side edge 018d of the leg portion 020 does not completely come out of the concave groove 28 of the fork shaft 01. Is engaged. Accordingly, displacement of the fork shafts 03 and 01 in the axial direction is prohibited, and only displacement of the fork shaft 02 in the axial direction is permitted. Thus, by displacing the fork shaft 02 in any of the axial directions, the third speed or the fourth speed is selected via the shift fork fixed to the fork shaft.

Similarly, each of the fork shafts 01, 02,
When the interlock plate 018 is displaced further above when the 03 is in the neutral position, the upper side edge 018a of the leg 020 enters the recess 024 of the fork shaft 03 further deeply. The lower side edge 018b of the leg portion 020 is formed in the concave groove 02 of the fork shaft 02.
6 and the upper side edge 018 of the leg 022
c enters the concave groove 026. Further, the lower side edge 018d of the leg portion 022 is
8 escapes. As a result, fork shafts 03 and 0
2, the displacement in the axial direction is prohibited, but the displacement of the fork shaft 01 in the axial direction is allowed. Therefore, by displacing the fork shaft 01 in any of the axial directions, the first speed or the second speed is selected via the shift fork fixed to the fork shaft.

In the above-mentioned proposed device, the U-shaped lock plate 018 is slid smoothly in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of each of the fork shafts 01 to 03 along the guide groove 010 of the retainer member 08. It is necessary to accurately machine the sliding surfaces of the guide groove 010 and the lock plate 018 by using a milling cutter, a planer, or the like, and the side edges 018a to 022a of the legs 020 and 022 of the lock plate 018.
018d also needs to be machined with high precision by means of milling or the like, and furthermore, the retainer member 08 must be fixed to the transmission case 04 with bolts 06. In many cases, high precision flat and straight machining is required, and assembly and disassembly operations are troublesome. Further, when the fork shafts 01 to 03 come into contact with the side edges 018a to 018d of the lock plate 018 when the fork shafts 01 to 03 are displaced in the axial direction during the speed change operation due to an assembly error or the like,
There is a problem that the feeling of the speed change operation is deteriorated due to the large frictional resistance.

[0011]

The present invention has an extremely simple structure, is easy to manufacture and process the components, is easy to assemble, has a low manufacturing cost, and has an interlocking operation, as compared with the above-mentioned proposed device. It is a main object of the present invention to provide a transmission interlock device capable of smoothly performing and releasing.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a transmission case, comprising a plurality of fork shafts slidably arranged in a line in an axial direction, and a fork shaft perpendicular to the axis of the fork shaft. And an interlock shaft supported by the transmission case so as to be slidable in its own axial direction. The interlock shaft includes a plurality of axially spaced interlock shafts. And a plurality of grooves disposed between the lands and formed around the entire axis and cooperating with a plurality of engagement grooves provided in the fork shaft. Is engaged with the engaging groove of the fork shaft, thereby preventing displacement of the fork shaft in the axial direction, and the land portion does not engage with the engaging groove of the fork shaft, and the groove portion is engaged with the engaging groove. By facing it is to propose an interlock apparatus for a transmission, wherein the axial direction of the axial displacement of the fork shaft is configured to be allowed.

In the present invention, the interlock shaft is a rotating body formed around its axis.
It is preferable to have a plurality of cylindrical lands arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and a groove formed of a rotating surface recessed between the lands.

According to the configuration of the present invention, an interlock operation for inhibiting the axial displacement of a plurality of fork shafts arranged side by side and an interlock for releasing the interlock allowing the axial displacement of the fork shafts are provided. Since the member is an interlock shaft having a plurality of lands arranged at intervals in the axial direction and a groove formed between the lands and formed around the entire axis, the transmission casing In addition, the structure for supporting the interlock shaft slidably in the axial direction can be extremely simplified because a normal shaft support structure is sufficient, and the interlock shaft itself can be easily manufactured by ordinary machining.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, in the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Only a part of the transmission case is shown,
In the transmission case 10, a plurality of (for example, three in the illustrated example) fork shafts or shift rails 12, 14, and 16 having substantially parallel axes are arranged in parallel. The plurality of fork shafts 12, 14, and 16 are each provided with a shift fork (shown in the drawing) mounted on each fork shaft by displacement in one axial direction, similarly to the above-mentioned proposed device or other conventional transmission. ) Is selected via the shift fork by a displacement in the axial direction,
It is configured such that another preset shift speed different from the above is selected.

The fork shafts 12, 14, and 16
When all of the fork shafts are in the neutral position, the engagement grooves 1 are formed of partial cylindrical surfaces so that their center lines are aligned with each other in a direction perpendicular to the axis.
8, 20, and 22 are recessed. When the fork shafts 12, 14 and 16 are in the neutral position, respectively, the fork shafts 12, 14 and 16 have a center line in a plane including the center line of the engagement grooves 18, 20 and 22.
An interlock shaft 24 extending in a direction perpendicular to the axes of 4 and 16 is slidably supported in the transmission case 10 in the direction of its own axis.

The interlock shaft 24 is formed between land portions 28, 30, 32 and 34 having four cylindrical outer shapes arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and between the land portions. Groove 3 consisting of three concave curved surfaces of revolution
6, 38 and 40, and is a rotating body formed with its own axis as a center line. Therefore, it can be manufactured very easily and inexpensively using a round bar or the like as a raw material by a cutting device such as a lathe.

Further, the support hole 42 of the transmission case 10 is provided.
The interlock shaft 2 slidably fitted in the inside
A spring 48 forming an elastic device is contracted between the one end 44 of the base member 4 and a spring receiving plug 46 screwed to the opening end of the support hole 42. The contact end 50 formed at the end is pressed against an interlock control rod or shift rail 52. The shift rail 52 is disposed substantially parallel to the fork shafts 12, 14 and 16, and is slidably supported in the transmission case 10 in the axial direction.

The shift rail 52 is provided with a first contact portion 54, a second contact portion 56, and a third contact portion 58 with which the contact ends 50 respectively contact. The shift rail 5 is moved by a manual operation member (not shown) or an appropriate actuator 60 such as an air cylinder or an electromagnetic actuator.
By displacing the shift rail 2 in the axial direction, the contact end 50 of the shift rail is connected to the first to third contact parts 5.
4, 56 or 58 selectively.

In the interlock device, FIGS. 1 and 2 show the contact end 50 of the interlock shaft 24.
Are in contact with the first contact portion 54 corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the shift rail 52. At this time, the groove 36 between the lands 28 and 30 of the interlock shaft 24 is formed of a partial cylindrical surface of the fork shaft 12. The lands 28 and 30 on both sides are substantially opposed to the engaging groove 18 and are located at positions where they do not fit into the engaging groove 18 and do not interfere with each other. Therefore, the fork shaft 12 can be freely displaced in the axial direction, and a desired one of two different speeds selected through the shift fork fixed to the fork shaft 12 is selected. can do.

In the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
Since the land portion 32 of the interlock shaft 24 is engaged with the engagement groove 20 of the fork shaft 14 (particularly, the left end portion of the land portion 32 interferes with the engagement groove 20 as well shown in FIG. The fork shaft 14)
Are prohibited from axial displacement. Further, since the left half of the land portion 34 of the interlock shaft 24 is engaged with the engagement groove 20 of the fork shaft 16, the fork shaft 16 is prohibited from being displaced in the axial direction. Therefore, other gears belonging to the fork shafts 14 and 16 cannot be selected.

Next, manually or by using the actuator 60
The shift rail 52 is displaced upward in FIG. 2 so that the abutting end 5 of the interlock shaft 24 is moved.
0 is brought into contact with the second contact portion 56, the interlock shaft 24 causes the first contact portion 5
4 and displaced by the right step t ₁ minute between the second contact portion 56,
The lands 28 to 34 and the grooves 36 to 40 are respectively displaced to the positions indicated by the dotted lines in FIG.

In the above state, the right end of the land 28 engages with the engaging groove 18 of the fork shaft 12 and interferes with it, so that axial displacement of the fork shaft 12 is prohibited. Further, since the left end portion of the land portion 34 engages with and engages with the engagement groove 22 of the fork shaft 16, displacement of the fork shaft 16 in the axial direction is prohibited. Further, the engaging groove 20 of the fork shaft 14 and the land 3
0 and 32 are opposed to each other, and the land portions 30 are opposed to each other.
And 32 do not engage with the engaging groove 20 and do not interfere with each other, so that only the fork shaft 14 is allowed to freely slide in the axial direction, and the shift is performed via a shift fork fixed to the fork shaft 14. One of the two different gear positions predetermined in advance is selected according to the sliding direction.

Similarly, the actuator 6
2, the shift rail 52 is displaced further upward in FIG. 2 and the contact end 50 of the interlock shaft 24 is brought into contact with the third contact portion 58. 2 contact part 56 and third contact part 58
Displaced step t only ₂ minutes further right of each land 2
8 to 34 and the grooves 36 to 40 are respectively displaced to the positions indicated by the dashed lines in FIG.

In this state, the right part of the land 28 engages with the engaging groove 18 of the fork shaft 12 and the right end of the land 30 engages with the engaging groove 20 of the fork shaft 14. , Fork shafts 12 and 14
In any case, displacement in the axial direction is prohibited. However, the engagement groove 22 of the fork shaft 16 and the interlock shaft 24
And the land portions 32 and 34 on both sides are substantially opposed to each other.
Does not engage with the engagement groove 22. Accordingly, only the fork shaft 16 is allowed to be displaced in the axial direction, and one of two different types of gears preset in accordance with the direction of displacement is selected.

In the above-described interlock device, the interlock shaft 24 has the lands 28, 30, 32, and 34 arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and the grooves 36, 34 formed over the entire circumference between the lands. 38 and 40,
Since it is a rod-shaped member slidably supported in the transmission case 10 in the axial direction, a U-shaped interlock plate and a guide groove for ensuring smooth sliding displacement of the interlock plate are provided. The structure is extremely simple compared with the previously proposed device which requires a retainer member or the like, and the machining of the interlock shaft 24 and the interlock shaft 2
Processing of the transmission case 10 supporting the shaft 4 slidably in the axial direction is also easy, and there is no need to add special parts such as retainer members that require high-precision processing, thereby significantly reducing the processing and assembly costs. There are benefits to gain.

Further, the interlock shaft 24 is
Cylindrical lands 28, 30, 32, and 3, which are rotating bodies around the axis, and are arranged at intervals in the axial direction.
4 and the grooves 36, 38, and 40, which are formed between the lands 28 to 34 and are formed by rotating surfaces, are used to machine a lathe or the like, which has significantly lower machining costs than milling or the like. There is an advantage that it can be manufactured simply, easily and inexpensively by a machine. Further, even when the fork shafts 12, 14 and 16 are displaced in the axial direction due to an assembly error or the like, the fork shafts 12 to 16 and the interlock shaft 24 may come into light contact with each other. As a result, only a slight frictional resistance is generated, so that there is an advantage that the feeling of the shift operation is not significantly deteriorated.

Next, FIGS. 3 to 5 show an interlock device according to the present invention in which a sub-transmission-equipped transmission (for example, the one disclosed in
This shows a second embodiment applied to a transmission of the type described in JP-A-150163. Note that the same reference numerals are used for members or portions that are substantially the same as or correspond to those in the first embodiment, and redundant description is omitted.

In particular, as shown in the plan view of the main part of FIG. 4, the shift rail 52 of the auxiliary transmission for controlling the position of the interlock shaft 24 in the axial direction is provided with a two-position limiting high and low position. Two contact portions P and R are recessed. For example, if the contact portion P is at the high position and the contact portion R is at the low position, FIGS.
Shows a state in which the contact end portion 50 is in contact with the high position P by being urged by the spring 48.

At this time, the engagement grooves 18, 20 and 22 recessed in the upper surface of the fork shafts 12, 14 and 16 of the main transmission at the neutral position, respectively, and the lands 30 and 32 of the interlock shaft 24. And 34 are not engaged with each other, and the grooves 38 and 40 formed of concave curved rotation surfaces between the lands and the connecting curved surface 36 ′ with the small diameter portion of the land 30 opposite to the groove 38 are formed. They face the engaging grooves 20, 22, and 18, respectively. Accordingly, any one of the fork shafts 12, 14, and 16 can be displaced in the axial direction, and therefore, by performing the shifting operation of the main transmission, it is possible to select a desired shift speed in the sub transmission high state. Can be.

Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the shift rail 52 is displaced downward in FIG.
Is engaged with the low position R, all the fork shafts 12, 14, and 16 of the main transmission can be displaced in the axial direction, respectively, just like the case of the high position P. Therefore, by performing a shift operation of the main transmission, a desired shift speed can be selected in a state where the auxiliary transmission is low.

Next, for some reason, if the shift rail 52 of the auxiliary transmission cannot be correctly switched to the high position P and the low position R, for example, if the shift rail 52 is located at the intermediate position Q in FIG. The lock shaft 24 is a spring 48
Is compressed and displaced to the left position shown in FIG. 5 so that the land portion 30 engages with the engagement groove 18 of the fork shaft 12 and the land portion 32 engages with the engagement groove 20 of the fork shaft 14. And the land portion 34 engages with the engagement groove 22 of the fork shaft 16. For this reason, the fork shafts 12, 14 and 16 of the main transmission are prohibited from being displaced in the axial direction while the neutral position is attained. Is reliably prevented. That is, while the shift rail 52 of the subtransmission switches between low and high, the fork shafts 12, 14, and 16 of the main transmission are interlocked in the neutral position. On the other hand, when the main transmission is in one of the gear positions, the shift rail 52 is locked at the P position or the R position.

In the second embodiment as well, the effect is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, that is, the manufacturing cost of the interlock shaft 24 and the transmission case 10 in which the interlock shaft is mounted is extremely simple in structure. In addition, there is an advantage that the assembling operation is easy, and thus the maintenance is easy, and the assembling and maintenance costs can be greatly reduced as compared with the proposed device. The above advantages or effects can be further improved by using the rotating body described above.

The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments described above, but can be implemented with various changes and modifications within the scope of the claims. For example, the number of fork shafts or shift rails locked or unlocked by the interlock shaft 24 can be appropriately increased or decreased.
The groove portions 36, 38, 40, etc. between the land portions are not limited to the concave curved rotation surface shown in the drawing, and similarly to a normal spool valve, a cylindrical shaft portion having a smaller diameter than the land portion is provided between the land portions. May form a groove portion formed of a rectangular annular groove.

[0035]

As described above, the interlock device for a transmission according to the present invention includes a plurality of fork shafts slidably arranged in the transmission case in the axial direction, and an axial line of the fork shaft. And an interlock supported on the transmission case so as to be slidable in its own axis direction at right angles to the interlock shaft, wherein the interlock shafts are spaced apart in the axial direction. A plurality of land portions, and a plurality of groove portions disposed between the land portions, each formed around the entire axis and cooperating with a plurality of engagement grooves provided in the fork shaft, The displacement of the fork shaft in the axial direction is prohibited by engaging the land portion with the engagement groove of the fork shaft, and the land portion does not engage with the engagement groove of the fork shaft and the groove portion is engaged with the engagement groove. The fork shaft is characterized in that it can be displaced in the axial direction of the fork shaft by being oriented. The structure is extremely simple, the number of parts is small, and the machining is easy as compared with the same type of conventional equipment. Therefore, there is an advantage that an apparatus having excellent assembling workability and maintenance workability can be provided at low cost.

In particular, the interlock shaft is a rotating body formed around the axis thereof, and is provided with a plurality of cylindrical lands arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and recessed between the lands. With the structure having the groove formed by the rotating surface, the interlock shaft has the same shape at any position around the axis, so that erroneous assembly does not occur in the vertical direction during assembly and maintenance. Even if the interlock shaft comes into contact with the fork shaft and rotates with it when the fork shaft is displaced in the axial direction, the frictional resistance during rotation is extremely small. Without damaging, the machining of the interlock shaft itself and the interlock support part of the transmission case becomes easier. There is an advantage capable of further reducing the manufacturing cost correspondingly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a main part of a first embodiment of the present invention in cross section.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view extracting and showing main parts of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a main part front view showing the relationship between the fork shaft and the interlock shaft when the shift rail 52 is located at an intermediate position between the high and low positions in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of the already proposed device.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

10 transmission case, 12, 14 and 16 fork shaft, 18, 20 and 22 engagement groove, 24 interlock shaft, 28, 30, 32 and 34 land
36, 38 and 40 ... groove, 48 ... spring, 50 ...
Contact end portion, 52: shift rail, 54: first contact portion, 5
6 ... second contact part, 58 ... third contact part, 60 ... actuator.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of fork shafts, each of which is slidably arranged in an axial direction on a transmission case, and extends in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the fork shaft and can slide in its own axial direction. Interlock shaft supported by the transmission case, the interlock shaft includes a plurality of lands disposed at intervals in the axial direction, and an axial line disposed between the lands. A plurality of grooves formed around the entire circumference and cooperating with a plurality of engagement grooves provided on the fork shaft, and the fork is formed by engaging the land portions with the engagement grooves of the fork shaft. Displacement of the shaft in the axial direction is prohibited, and the land portion does not engage with the engagement groove of the fork shaft, and the groove portion faces the engagement groove. An interlock device for a transmission, which is configured to allow a displacement of the transmission. 2. The interlock shaft according to claim 1, wherein the interlock shaft is a rotating body formed around an axis of the interlock shaft. The interlock shaft has a plurality of cylindrical lands arranged at intervals in an axial direction, and is recessed between the lands. 2. An interlock device for a transmission according to claim 1, further comprising a groove formed by a rotating surface.