JP2000060209A - Partially reverse type normal and reverse rotary apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a normal and reverse rotary apparatus capable of carrying out a smooth circular movement to a tine seat, and also carrying out a smooth working at the times of both of the normal and reverse rotation. SOLUTION: This partially reverse type normal or reverse rotary apparatus is the one having a reverse hub reversely rotating to a rotary shaft, and attached to the center part of the rotary shaft, and rotary tines installed in the rotary shaft and the reverse hub through tine seats. The rotary apparatus is obtained by forming both sides of each of the rotary tines so as to come into slide contact with the tine seat. The rotary apparatus is obtained by rotatably movably installing the rotary tines at the front and rear of the rotary shaft in the rotating direction by pivotally supporting pins. The rotary tine post-inclines in the rotating direction by the inertia when the rotary axis rotates in the normal direction, but the post-inclined posture is kept by a stopper structure. The rotary tine is almost kept in the nearly upright posture to the rotary shaft by the centrifugal force at the time of the reverse rotation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention rotates a rotary shaft in the forward and reverse directions, without changing the rotary pawls.
The present invention relates to a partial reversing type forward / reverse rotation rotary device that enables operations such as plowing, crushing soil, and mowing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is known a forward / reverse rotation rotary device for rotating (rotating down) a rotary shaft equipped with rotary pawls for plowing or crushing, and reversing (upcutting) for mowing or shallow plowing. . In such a forward / reverse rotation rotary device, if the rotary claw is fixedly attached to the rotary shaft, it is unsatisfactory. This is because at the time of normal rotation when plowing or crushing soil, it is necessary to cut the resistance by cutting the rotary pawls into the soil in order from the root side, and therefore the rotary pawls are curved in the rearward direction of rotation. If this is reversed as it is, the tip side of the rotary claw suddenly acts on the grass or the like and the cutting performance deteriorates, or the grass or the like is wrapped around and becomes unable to be cut.

In order to solve this problem, when reversing the rotary pawl, the rotary pawl may be reversed back and forth and replaced.
It takes a lot of work. Therefore, an approximately straight blade-shaped rotary pawl is attached to the pawl seat that is planted on the rotary shaft so that it can freely rotate back and forth in the rotation direction by means of a pivot pin. There is one in which it is tilted rearward and is almost upright at the time of reverse rotation (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-075441).

That is, at the time of forward rotation, the rotational speed is lowered and tilted rearward due to its inertia, and at the time of reverse rotation, the rotational speed is increased so that the centrifugal force causes almost upright rotation. However, during normal rotation, it is not possible to leave the rearwardly inclined posture in an arbitrary state, so a stopper structure is provided between the pawl seat and the rotary pawl to keep the inclined posture constant.

[0005]

However, in such a structure, since the rotary pawl is attached to one side surface of the pawl seat only by the pivot pin, the rotary pawl is tilted in the axial direction and is loosely rotated to smoothly rotate. It doesn't move. To avoid this,
Although the rotary claw is pressed against the claw seat by a leaf spring or the like (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-046882), it is difficult to set the pressing force and the structure becomes complicated. Also, some kind of stopper structure is required.

Further, in order to prevent a so-called dash in which the airframe is self-propelled by the reaction force generated by the rotary claws digging into the soil, a reverse rotation hub that rotates in the opposite direction is attached to the center of the rotary shaft. Also known is a partially reversing rotary device that suppresses dash force by attaching a rotary pawl via a pawl seat, but in the forward / reverse rotary device,
Since this reverse rotation hub is also provided with forward and reverse rotations, it is not possible to fixedly attach the rotary pawl to this as well. The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and a forward / reverse rotation rotary device that smoothly rotates with respect to a claw seat to perform a smooth function both in forward rotation and reverse rotation is also applicable to a partial reverse rotation type rotary device. It is an extension.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Under the above problems, according to the present invention, a reversing hub that rotates in the opposite direction of the rotary shaft is attached to the central portion of the rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft and the reversing hub are respectively provided with rotary pawls via pawl seats. In the partial reversing type forward / reverse rotation rotary device with the attached, the respective pawl seats are brought into sliding contact with both side surfaces of the respective rotary pawls, and the respective rotary pawls can be pivoted back and forth in the rotational direction by the pivot pin. When mounted and the rotary shaft rotates in the normal direction, each rotary pawl tilts backward in the direction of rotation due to inertia, but the stopper structure keeps it in a fixed post-tilt posture, and during reverse rotation, each rotary pawl moves to the rotary shaft by centrifugal force. On the other hand, there is provided a partially reversing type forward / reverse rotation rotary device characterized in that it is kept in an almost upright posture.

By adopting the above means, since the rotary pawl is attached to the pawl seat in a state where both side surfaces of the rotary pawl are in sliding contact with each other, the rotary pawl does not fall or rattle, and can rotate smoothly. Then, when the rotary shaft is in the normal rotation state (the reverse rotation hub is in the reverse rotation state) at the time of plowing, etc., both rotary claws are
Since the stopper structure keeps a fixed rearward inclination with respect to the rotation direction, it reduces the resistance when biting into the soil and enables plowing. On the other hand, when the rotary shaft is in the reverse rotation state (the reverse rotation hub is in the forward rotation state) during mowing, the rotary pawls of the rotary shaft and the reverse rotation hub both have an almost upright posture, which enables smooth mowing. .

Further, according to the present invention, in each of the above means, each rotary pawl is formed symmetrically about the pivot pin in the front-rear direction in the rotation direction, and each rotary pawl is free when the rotary shaft is rotated in the reverse direction. In this state, the rotary pawl is maintained in a substantially upright posture, and when it is tilted backward more than a certain amount, each rotary pawl is further restricted by the stopper structure. By this means, it is possible to prevent the situation where the rotary pawl hits an obstacle or the like and is inclined rearward indefinitely and damaged.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a partial side view of a walk-behind cultivator to which the present invention is applied. Such a cultivator has a rotary working section B at the rear of the main body section A. The rotary working section B includes a drive case 10 extending rearward from the center of the main body section A, and a central frame 1 covering the upper side of the drive case 10.
2. The top plate 14 extends to the left and right of the center frame 12, and the side plate 16 hangs down from the outer end of the top plate 14.
In addition, a tail wheel mounting cylinder 18 is provided at the rear end of the center frame 12, and a tail wheel 20 is mounted on the tail wheel mounting cylinder 18. Further, a top plate angle adjusting tool 22 for adjusting the angle of the top plate 14 is provided at a position near the front of the center frame 12. Further, a rubber drip 24 is provided at the rear end of the top plate 14 to prevent the cultivated soil from scattering.

A rotary shaft 30 is provided on the left and right of the drive case 10.
Of the rotary shaft 30 and the claw seat 32
The rotary claw 34 is attached via. Although FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional rear view showing the arrangement of the rotary claws 34, the claw seats 32 are attached to the rotary shaft 30 at regular intervals, and the rotary claws 34 are attached to the respective claw seats 32. in this case,
The tip of each rotary pawl 34 is bent inward (or outward) until it reaches the adjacent rotary pawl 34, so that no uncultivated portion is left within the width of the rotary shaft 30. In this example, only one pawl seat 32 is attached in a cross section of the rotary shaft 30, and each pawl seat 32 is
In order to balance the force, the nail seat 3 in all directions (360 °)
It is attached with the phase changed by an angle divided by the number of two.

In addition, in the present embodiment, in order to prevent so-called dash, in which the airframe is self-propelled by the reaction force generated when the rotary claw 34 bites into the soil, so-called dash is provided on both sides of the drive case 10. It shows a partially reversing type rotary device having a structure in which a reversing hub 36 that rotates in the opposite direction to 30 is attached. A rotary pawl 40 is also attached to the reversing hub 36 via a pawl seat 38. In this case, the reversing hub 36 is the drive case 1
In order to eliminate residual tillage below 0, the lower part is inclined so as to face inward, and the pawl seat 38 is attached to the outer periphery thereof facing 180 °, and the rotary pawl 40 is attached to the pawl seat 38. The mechanism of partial reversal will be described later.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional rear view showing another arrangement of the rotary claws 34. In this example, the rotary shaft 30 is used.
The two claw seats 32 are provided to face each other by 180 ° in a certain cross section. In this way, the next rotary pawl 34
Since the time that it acts on the soil is halved, the rotary shaft 30
It is possible to reduce the number of rotations of to half and generate a large torque. In this case, as in the above, the bending directions of the tips of the rotary claws 34 are made opposite to each other so that no uncultivated portion is left. Further, changing the phase of each claw seat 32 is also the same as above.

The rotary shaft 30 and the reversing hub 3 according to the present invention.
The condition of No. 6 is that it can be rotated in both forward and reverse directions. FIG. 7 is a drive explanatory diagram for supplying power to the rotary shaft 30. The power of the engine 42 is transmitted to the transmission 44 to change gears here, and is further transmitted to the drive case 10 where the forward / reverse switching mechanism 46 forwards. I try to get reverse rotation. Specifically, the first transmission shaft 48 in the drive case 10
The slide gear 50 is slidably fixed to the sprocket 52, the sprocket 52 is loosely fitted next to the slide gear 50, and the clutch mechanism 54 is formed on the opposing surfaces of both.

On the other hand, a second transmission shaft 56 is provided adjacent to the first transmission shaft 48, the second transmission shaft 56 has a gear 58 capable of meshing with the slide gear 50, and the sprocket 52 to the chain 60.
The sprocket 62 driven by is fixedly fitted. As a result, when the slide gear 50 is slid to engage with either the gear 58 or the sprocket 52, forward and reverse rotational forces are applied to the second transmission shaft 56, so that the second transmission shaft 56 and the rotary If the sprocket chain mechanism 64 is provided between the shaft 30 and the shaft 30, the power of the second transmission shaft 56 can be transmitted to the rotary shaft 30.

Further, the rotary shaft 30 in the drive case 10
A third transmission shaft 66 is provided on the upstream side of the sprocket 68, and a sprocket 68 to which a rotational force in the same direction as the rotary shaft 30 is applied by the sprocket chain mechanism 64 is fixedly fitted to the third transmission shaft 66. The gear 70 is fitted and meshed with a gear 72 formed on the reverse rotation hub 36. As a result, the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36 rotate in different directions. In this case, the rotational speeds of the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36 do not necessarily have to be the same, and are set appropriately.

The present invention relates to the mounting of the rotary pawls 34 and 40 used in the above-described partial reversal type forward / reverse rotation rotary device. That is, the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 3
Claw seats 32 and 38 attached to 6 are formed by two plates, and the bases of the rotary claws 34 and 40 are slidably sandwiched between these plates, and the rotary claws 34 and 40 are respectively pivoted forward and backward by the pivot pins 74 and 76. It is rotatably attached to. In this case, the rotary claws 34, 40 have a substantially straight blade shape (the tip is bent inward or outward as described above), and edges 34a, 40a are formed at the front and rear ends thereof. What is present is used.

As described above, when the rotary shaft 30 is normally or reversely rotated (the reverse rotation hub 36 is rotated in the opposite direction), the rotary pawls 34 and 40 naturally move to the pivot pin 74,
It becomes rotatable back and forth around the center of the line 76. In this case, heavy work such as plowing and crushing that bites the rotary claw 34 deep into the soil is performed in a normal rotation (down cut), and light work such as grass cutting or shallow plowing that causes the rotary claw 34 to bite into the ground is reversed (up). (Reverse rotation hub 36 and rotary claw 4 attached to this)
0 is the opposite of this). For this reason, a difference occurs in the resistance received, so that a normal rotation with a large resistance (reverse rotation of the reverse rotation hub 36 is the same as or less than the reverse rotation) rotates at a low speed of about 100 to 500 RPM, and a reverse rotation with a small resistance rotates at a high speed of about 500 to 1500 RPM. Let

Therefore, there is also a difference in the inertia and air resistance of the rotary pawls 34 and 40 and the centrifugal force, and the inertia prevails during normal rotation, and the tips of the rotary pawls 34 and 40 are tilted rearward so that the tips thereof are inclined in the rearward direction of rotation. It will take the posture of
It must be stopped with an appropriate stopper structure. On the other hand, centrifugal force prevails during reverse rotation, and the rotary pawls 34, 4
The position 0 is substantially upright with respect to the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36, and the stopper structure is not required.

FIG. 1 is a rotary pawl 3 showing an example of the present invention.
4 and 40 are side views (the cross-sectional views are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3), the claw seats 32 and 38 of this example are both box-shaped and symmetrical in the front-rear direction of rotation. Then, insert the roots of the rotary claws 34, 40 into this box, and
It stopped at 4,76. Therefore, the rotary claws 34, 40
Is rotatable about the pivot pins 74 and 76 in the front-rear direction. In this case, the side surfaces of the rotary claws 34, 40 are brought into sliding contact with the side walls 32c, 38c of the claw seats 32, 38 to make this rotation smooth.

With the above construction, when the rotary shaft 30 is normally rotated at a low speed, the rotary pawls 34 and 40 are inclined rearward in the rotational direction due to inertia. At this time, however, the rotary pawl 3 is rotated.
4, 40 are front walls 32a in the rotation direction of the claw seats 32, 38,
Further rearward inclination is restricted by the stopper structures 78 and 80 which hit the 38a, which makes it possible to perform cultivating work with a large resistance. On the other hand, when the rotary shaft 30 is reversed at a high speed, the rotary claws 34 and 40 maintain a substantially upright posture due to the centrifugal force, which makes it possible to perform grass cutting work with a small resistance. However, if it hits an obstacle or the like and tilts more than a certain amount,
Stopper structure 7 that hits the rear walls 32b, 38b in the rotational direction
Further, the rearward inclination is restricted by 8 and 80 to prevent the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36 from coming into contact and being damaged.

FIG. 2 is a side view of rotary pawls 34 and 40 showing another example of the present invention.
2, 38 are two plates, between which the rotary pawl 34,
40 is inserted in a state of sliding contact and is stopped by pivot pins 74 and 76. Further, the rotary claws 34, 40 have a bottom portion symmetrically projecting forward and backward in the rotational direction, and the corners of the bottom surfaces 34b, 40b on the rear side in the rotational direction at the time of forward rotation are the rotary shaft 30, The stopper structures 78 and 80 are formed by hitting the reversing hub 36, and thereafter, rotation is continued in an inclined posture. On the other hand, at the time of reverse rotation, the rotary pawls 34 and 40 are in a free state (without being restricted by a stopper structure or the like), and the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36.
Maintain an almost upright posture.

However, when the rotary claws 34, 40 hit an obstacle or an external force is applied to the rotary claws 34, 40, the rotary claws 34, 40 take a rearward inclined posture.
The front angle of the rotation direction of 40b hits the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36, and plays a role of a kind of safety stopper that restricts further rearward inclination.

FIG. 3 is also a side view of rotary pawls 34 and 40 showing another example of the present invention. In the present embodiment, rotary shafts are provided on both sides of the bottom of the symmetrical rotary pawls 34 and 40, respectively. The projections 86 and 88 projecting in the axial direction of 30 are formed, and the bottom surfaces 34b and 40b are the rotary shaft 3
When it hits 0 or the reversing hub 36, these protrusions 86, 88
At the same time, it has a more reliable double stopper structure that hits the claw seats 32 and 38 at the same time. In addition to this action, the present example is significant when the rotary claws 34, 40 are reversed and replaced. Protrusions 86, 88
Is always contacted when the rotary shaft 30 is rotated in the forward direction, and wear or the like is accompanied with this, and at that time, it may be replaced.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above, and various modified forms can be taken. For example, the rotary pawl of the reversing hub may be fixedly attached, and only the rotary pawl of the rotary shaft may be attached by the pivot pin. or,
The target working machine may be not only the walk-type cultivator described above but also a rotary device mounted on the tractor.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotary claw is
Since both sides of the claw seat are in sliding contact with each other and are attached by the pivot pins, they do not fall or rattle and rotate smoothly. When the rotary shaft is in the forward rotation state (the reverse rotation hub is in the reverse rotation state) during cultivating, both rotary pawls are kept in a constant rearward inclination posture with respect to the rotation direction, and therefore, when the rotary shaft is digging into the soil, It reduces resistance and allows plowing. On the other hand, when the rotary shaft is in the reverse rotation state (the reverse rotation hub is in the forward rotation state) during mowing or the like, both the rotary pawls of the rotary shaft and the reverse rotation hub are in a substantially upright posture, enabling mowing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional rear view of a rotary pawl showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional rear view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial side view of a rotary working unit showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing power transmission to a rotary shaft showing an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

30 rotary shaft 32 Nail seat 34 rotary claw 36 Reversing hub 38 Nail seat 40 rotary claw 74 pivot pin 76 pivot pin 78 Stopper structure 80 stopper structure

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A partial reversal type forward / reverse rotation rotary device in which a reversing hub which rotates in a reverse direction to a rotary shaft is attached to a central portion of a rotary shaft, and rotary pawls are attached to the rotary shaft and the reversing hub via pawl seats, respectively. The slide base of each of the rotary claws is in sliding contact with both side surfaces of each rotary claw, and each rotary claw is attached by a pivot pin so as to be rotatable back and forth in the rotation direction. Although it tilts backward in the direction of rotation due to inertia, the stopper structure keeps it in a fixed rearward tilting position, and when rotating in reverse, each rotary pawl is held in a position that is almost upright with respect to the rotary shaft due to centrifugal force. Partial reversing type forward / reverse rotation rotary device. 2. Each rotary pawl is formed symmetrically about the pivot pin in the front-rear direction of rotation, and when the rotary shaft reverses, each rotary pawl is kept in a substantially upright posture in a free state. The partial reversing type normal / reverse rotation rotary device according to claim 1, wherein each of the rotary pawls is restrained from further tilting backward by a predetermined amount when tilted backward in the rotation direction.