JP2000060208A - Normal and reverse rotary apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a normal and reverse rotary apparatus capable of carrying out smooth circular movement to a tine seat, and also carrying out smooth working at the times of both of the normal and reverse rotation. SOLUTION: This normal or reverse rotary apparatus is the one having a rotary tine installed in the normally and reversely rotatable rotary shaft through a tine seat. The rotary apparatus is obtained, by forming both sides of the rotary tine so as to come into slide contact with the tine seat. The rotary apparatus is also obtained by rotatably movably installing the rotary tine to the tine seat at the front and rear of the rotary shaft in the rotating direction by a pivotally supporting pin. The rotary tine post-inclines in the rotating direction by the inertia when the rotary shaft rotates in the normal direction, but the post-inclined posture is kept by the contact of the bottom face of the rotary tine with the rotary shaft. The rotary tine is almost kept in the nearly upright posture to the rotary shaft by the centrifugal force at the time of the reverse rotation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention rotates a rotary shaft in the forward and reverse directions, without changing the rotary pawls.
The present invention relates to a forward / reverse rotation rotary device that enables work such as plowing, crushed soil, and mowing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is known a forward / reverse rotation rotary device for rotating (rotating down) a rotary shaft equipped with rotary pawls for plowing or crushing, and reversing (upcutting) for mowing or shallow plowing. . In such a forward / reverse rotation rotary device, if the rotary claw is fixedly attached to the rotary shaft, it is unsatisfactory. This is because at the time of normal rotation when plowing or crushing soil, it is necessary to cut the resistance by cutting the rotary pawls into the soil in order from the root side, and therefore the rotary pawls are curved in the rearward direction of rotation. If this is reversed as it is, the tip side of the rotary claw suddenly acts on the grass or the like and the cutting performance deteriorates, or the grass or the like is wrapped around and becomes unable to be cut.

In order to solve this problem, when reversing the rotary pawl, the rotary pawl may be reversed back and forth and replaced.
It takes a lot of work. Therefore, an approximately straight blade-shaped rotary pawl is attached to the pawl seat that is planted on the rotary shaft so that it can freely rotate back and forth in the rotation direction by means of a pivot pin. There is one in which it is tilted rearward and is almost upright at the time of reverse rotation (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-075441).

That is, at the time of normal rotation with a large resistance, the rotational speed is lowered and tilted rearward by its inertia, and at the time of reverse rotation with a small resistance, the rotational speed is increased and it is made to stand upright by its centrifugal force. However, since it is not possible to keep the rearward inclination posture free during normal rotation, a stopper structure is provided between the pawl seat and the rotary pawl to keep the inclination constant.

[0005]

However, in such a structure, since the rotary pawl is attached to one side surface of the plate-shaped pawl seat only by the pivotal support pin, the rotary pawl is tilted or loosened in the axial direction. May not rotate smoothly. In order to avoid this, the rotary claw is pressed against the claw seat by a leaf spring or the like (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-046882), but it is difficult to set the pressing force and the structure becomes complicated. In addition, a stopper structure for maintaining the rearward tilted posture during normal rotation is also required. The present invention is to solve such problems,
This embodiment embodies a forward / reverse rotation rotary device that smoothly rotates with respect to the claw seat and smoothly operates in both forward and reverse rotations.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Under the above problems, the present invention provides a forward / reverse rotation rotary device in which a rotary claw is attached to a forward / reverse rotatable rotary shaft through a claw seat, and both side surfaces of the rotary claw are attached to the rotary claw. In addition to sliding contact with the pawl seat, the rotary pawl is attached to the pawl seat by a pivot pin so as to be rotatable back and forth in the rotational direction of the rotary shaft, and when the rotary shaft rotates forward, the rotary pawl tilts backward in the rotational direction due to inertia. Though
Forward / reverse rotation, characterized in that the bottom surface of the rotary pawl hits the rotary shaft and is kept in a fixed rearward inclination posture, and during reverse rotation, the rotary pawl is kept in an almost upright posture with respect to the rotary shaft by centrifugal force. A rotary device is provided.

By adopting the above means, the rotary claw is supported in a state where both side surfaces of the rotary claw are in sliding contact with the claw seat, so that the rotary claw can be smoothly rotated without falling or rattling.
Further, a special stopper structure for regulating the inclination above a certain level is not required.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above means, the rotary pawl is formed symmetrically about the pivot pin in the front-rear direction in the rotational direction, and when the rotary shaft is rotated in the reverse direction, the rotary pawl is kept upright from a substantially upright position. When tilted backward in the direction of rotation, the bottom surface of the rotary pawl hits the rotary shaft so that the further rearward tilt is restricted.The rotary pawl is formed asymmetrically in the front-rear direction in the rotational direction about the pivot pin. When the shaft reverses, the rotary claws take a substantially upright posture, but at this time, the bottom of the rotary claws hits the rotary shaft and the rearward tilt is further restricted. When the rotary claws are tilted backward by a predetermined angle, they are provided with protrusions that come into contact with each other. Providing a means to that during contact.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 11 is a side view of a walk-behind cultivator to which the present invention is applied. Such a cultivator has a rotary working section B at the rear part of the main body section A. The rotary working section B includes a drive case 10 extending rearward from the center of the main body section A, and a central frame 1 covering the upper side of the drive case 10.
2. The top plate 14 extends to the left and right of the center frame 12, and the side plate 16 hangs down from the outer end of the top plate 14.
In addition, a tail wheel mounting cylinder 18 is provided at the rear end of the center frame 12, and a tail wheel 20 is mounted on the tail wheel mounting cylinder 18. Further, a top plate angle adjusting tool 22 for adjusting the angle of the top plate 14 is provided at a position near the front of the center frame 12. Further, a rubber drip 24 is provided at the rear end of the top plate 14 to prevent the cultivated soil from scattering.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a main part showing another example of the rotary working section B. However, instead of the tail wheel 20 for medium plowing work etc., a soil leveling attachment such as an earth shaving plate, a ridger or a soil cultivator. 26 may be attached. That is, the tail wheel mounting cylinder 1
A soil leveling attachment mounting cylinder 28 is provided on the central frame 12 in front of 8, and the tail wheel 20 is detached and attached thereto (the soil leveling attachment 26 of this example is a ridger with a tail wheel. ing). The present invention is also applied to a cultivator equipped with such a soil adjusting attachment 26.

A rotary shaft 30 is provided on the left and right of the drive case 10.
Of the rotary shaft 30 and the claw seat 32
The rotary claw 34 is attached via. FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional rear view showing the arrangement of the rotary pawls 34. The pawl seats 32 are attached to the rotary shaft 30 at regular intervals, and the rotary pawls 34 are attached to the pawl seats 32. in this case,
The tip of each rotary pawl 34 is bent inward (or outward) until it reaches the adjacent rotary pawl 34, so that no uncultivated portion is left within the width of the rotary shaft 30. In this example, only one pawl seat 32 is attached in a cross section of the rotary shaft 30, and each pawl seat 32 is
In order to balance the force, the nail seat 3 in all directions (360 °)
It is attached with the phase changed by an angle divided by the number of two.

In addition, in the present embodiment, in order to prevent so-called dash, in which the airframe is self-propelled by the reaction force generated when the rotary claw 34 bites into the soil, so-called dash is provided on both sides of the drive case 10. The partial reverse rotation type rotary device of the type in which a reverse rotation hub 36 that rotates in the opposite direction to 30 is attached is shown. A rotary pawl 40 is also attached to the reverse rotation hub 36 via a pawl seat 38. In this case, the reversing hub 36 is the drive case 1
0 In order to eliminate residual tillage below, the lower part is inclined so as to face inward, and the pawl seat 38 is attached to the outer periphery thereof facing 180 °, and the rotary pawl 40 is attached to the pawl seat 38 by the pivot pin 75. ing. The mechanism of partial reversal will be described later.

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional rear view showing another arrangement of the rotary pawls 34. In this example, the rotary shaft 3 is used.
The two claw seats 32 are provided to face each other by 180 ° in a certain cross section. In this way, the next rotary claw 3
Since the time that 4 acts on the soil is halved, the rotary shaft 3
It is possible to reduce the number of rotations of 0 to half and generate a large torque. In this case, as in the above, the bending directions of the tips of the rotary claws 34 are made opposite to each other so that no uncultivated portion is left. Furthermore, each nail seat 32
Changing the phase of is also the same as above.

It is a condition that the rotary shaft 30 according to the present invention can be rotated in either forward or reverse directions regardless of whether it is the same rotation type or the partial reverse rotation type. FIG. 7 is a drive explanatory diagram for supplying power to the rotary shaft 30. The power of the engine 42 is transmitted to the transmission 44 to change gears here, and is further transmitted to the drive case 10 where the forward / reverse switching mechanism 46 forwards. I try to get reverse rotation. Specifically, the slide gear 50 is slidably fixed to the first transmission shaft 48 in the drive case 10, the sprocket 52 is loosely fitted next to the slide gear 50, and the clutch mechanism 54 is formed on the opposing surfaces of both. deep.

On the other hand, a second transmission shaft 56 is provided adjacent to the first transmission shaft 48, the second transmission shaft 56 has a gear 58 capable of meshing with the slide gear 50, and the sprocket 52 to the chain 60.
The sprocket 62 driven by is fixedly fitted. As a result, when the slide gear 50 is slid to engage with either the gear 58 or the sprocket 52, forward and reverse rotational forces are applied to the second transmission shaft 56, so that the second transmission shaft 56 and the rotary If the sprocket chain mechanism 64 is provided between the shaft 30 and the shaft 30, the power of the second transmission shaft 56 can be transmitted to the rotary shaft 30.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a partially reversing type drive system. A third transmission shaft 66 is provided upstream of the rotary shaft 30 in the drive case 10, and a sprocket chain mechanism 64 is provided on the third transmission shaft 66. The sprocket 68 to which a rotational force is applied in the same direction as the rotary shaft 30 is fixedly fitted, and the gears 70 are fixedly fitted on both sides of the sprocket 68.
The gear 72 meshed with the gear 72 formed in FIG. As a result, the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36 rotate in different directions. In this case, the rotational speeds of the rotary shaft 30 and the reverse rotation hub 36 are not necessarily the same and are set appropriately.

The present invention relates to the mounting of the rotary pawl 34 used in the forward / reverse rotation rotary device described above.
That is, the claw seat 32 attached to the rotary shaft 30 is formed of two plates, and the base of the rotary claw 34 is slidably inserted into the inner surface 32c of the claw seat 32 between the plates, and one pivot pin 74 is used. The rotary claw 34 is attached so as to be rotatable back and forth in the rotation direction. In this case, the rotary claw 34 has a substantially straight blade shape in which the blade length on the rotation rear side is slightly long during normal rotation (the tip is bent inward or outward is the same as above). The one having the edges 34a formed at the front and rear ends is used.

As described above, when the rotary shaft 30 is normally or reversely rotated, the rotary claw 34 is naturally rotatable about the pivot pin 74 in the front-rear direction. In this case, heavy work such as plowing and crushing of the rotary claw 34 that deeply digs into the soil is performed in the normal rotation (down cut).
Light work such as mowing or shallow plowing that is a gravel or shallow bite of 4 is performed in reverse (up cut). For this reason, a difference occurs also in the resistance to be received, the forward rotation that receives a large resistance is rotated at a low speed of about 100 to 500 RPM, and the reverse rotation that is sufficient with a small resistance is rotated at a high speed of about 500 to 1500 RPM.

Therefore, there is also a difference in the inertia, air resistance and centrifugal force of the rotary pawl 34, and the inertia prevails during normal rotation, and the rotary pawl 34 assumes a rearwardly inclined posture in which the tip of the rotary pawl 34 is inclined in the rearward direction of rotation. After that, the inclination must be stopped by an appropriate stopper structure. On the other hand, during reverse rotation, the centrifugal force prevails and the rotary claw 34 is in a posture in which it is substantially upright with respect to the rotary shaft 30, and the stopper structure is unnecessary.

FIG. 1 shows a rotary pawl 34 showing an example of the present invention.
2 is a rear cross-sectional view, FIG. 2 is a rear cross-sectional view, but the rotary claw 34 of this example has a bottom portion symmetrically projecting forward and backward in the rotation direction. The side corner hits the rotary shaft 30 to form the stopper structure 76, and thereafter, the rotation is continued in an inclined posture. On the other hand, at the time of reverse rotation, the rotary claw 34 maintains a substantially upright posture with respect to the rotary shaft 30 in a free state (without being restricted by a stopper structure or the like).

However, when an external force is applied to the rotary claw 34 by hitting an obstacle or the like, the rotary claw 34 assumes a posture inclined rearward in the rotation direction. In this case, the front corner of the bottom surface 34b of the rotary claw 34 is the rotary shaft. It acts as a kind of safety stopper that regulates the further forward inclination when hitting 30. The claw seat 32 of this example has walls 32a extending in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 30 at the front end and the rear end.
It has high rigidity due to a.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a rotary pawl 34 showing another example of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a rear cross-sectional view. In this embodiment, the bottom of the rotary pawl 34 rotates as compared with the previous one. The feature is that it is asymmetrical in the front-back direction. That is, the state is the same as the above in the normal rotation, but in the reverse rotation, the rotary pawl 3
4 is substantially upright with respect to the rotary shaft 30, but is formed so that the front corner portion of the bottom surface 34b contacts the rotary shaft 30. As a result, even if an unexpected external force or the like is applied, it will not tilt forward and backward, and noise and vibration will not occur.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a rotary pawl 34 showing another example of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the rotary shaft 30 is axially arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the asymmetric rotary pawl 34 described above. The rotary claw 34 is inclined rearward so that the bottom surface 34b of the rotary claw 34 is inclined toward the rotary shaft 30.
When hitting, the projection 78 also hits the claw seat 32 at the same time, so to speak, a more reliable double stopper structure 76 is adopted.

FIG. 6 is also a side view of a rotary pawl 34 showing another example of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the projections having the same function are provided on both sides of the bottom of the symmetrical rotary pawl 34 described above. 78 is formed. In addition to the above-described action, the present example is significant when the rotary claw 34 is reversed back and forth and replaced. The protrusion 78 always hits when the rotary shaft 30 is rotated in the normal direction, and wear and the like occur with it, and at that time, it may be replaced.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above, and various modified forms can be taken. For example, the above relationship between the claw seat and the rotary claw is also applied to the claw seat and the rotary claw provided in the reversing hub in the partially reversing type rotary. Further, the rotary working unit has a side drive system in addition to the center drive system described above, but the present invention is also applicable to the side drive system. Further, the target working machine may be not only a walk-type cultivator but also a rotary device mounted on a tractor.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotary claw is
Since both sides of the claw seat are supported in sliding contact with each other, the claw seat is not tilted or rattled, and can be smoothly rotated. Further, the stopper structure for restricting the inclination above a certain level is formed between the rotary shaft and the rotary pawl, and no special one is required.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear sectional view of a rotary pawl showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a rear sectional view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a rotary pawl showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing power transmission to a rotary shaft showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing power transmission to a rotary shaft according to another example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a rear view of a rotary working unit showing an arrangement of rotary pawls showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a rear view of a rotary working unit showing an arrangement state of rotary pawls showing another example of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the tiller showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a main part of a rotary working unit showing another example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

30 rotary shaft 32 Nail seat 34 rotary claw 74 pivot pin 78 Protrusion

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 2B033 AA06 AB01 AB11 AC04 AC08                       BA01 BB03 BB12 BB13 BC02                       BC04 BC12 CA14 CA22 DB06                       EA03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A forward / reverse rotation rotary device in which a rotary pawl is attached to a rotary shaft capable of normal and reverse rotation via a pawl seat, wherein both sides of the rotary pawl are in sliding contact with the pawl seat, and the rotary pawl is pawled. It is attached to the seat rotatably back and forth in the direction of rotation of the rotary shaft.When the rotary shaft rotates forward, the rotary claw tilts backward in the direction of rotation due to inertia, but the bottom surface of the rotary claw hits the rotary shaft, and after a certain amount A forward / reverse rotary device characterized in that the rotary claw is kept in an inclined posture, and when it is rotated in reverse, the rotary claw is kept in a posture substantially upright with respect to the rotary shaft by centrifugal force. 2. The rotary pawl is formed symmetrically about the pivot pin in the front-rear direction in the rotational direction, and when the rotary pawl is rotated in the reverse direction, the rotary pawl is tilted rearward in the rotational direction from a substantially upright position to a certain degree or more. The forward / reverse rotation rotary device according to claim 1, wherein a bottom surface of the rotary shaft contacts the rotary shaft and further rearward tilt is restricted. 3. The rotary claw is formed asymmetrically in the front-rear direction of rotation about the pivot pin, and when the rotary shaft is rotated in the reverse direction,
2. The forward / reverse rotation rotary device according to claim 1, wherein the rotary claw has a substantially upright posture, but at this time, the bottom surface of the rotary claw hits the rotary shaft and further rearward tilt is restricted. 4. A protrusion is provided between the rotary pawl and the pawl seat to abut each other when the rotary pawl is tilted backward by a predetermined angle, and when the rotary pawl is tilted rearward more than a certain degree and its bottom surface hits the rotary shaft. The forward / reverse rotation rotary device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the projections also come into contact with each other at the same time.