JP2000055795A - Detecting structure and monitoring system for leakage of gas and liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a detecting structure which prevents a serious accident and a bad influence on an environment from being generated and which can quickly deal with them later on, by a method wherein, even when a substance is leaked from a tank and a pipe, the substance can be checked and stopped in a hollow layer, and the substance which is leaked to the hollow layer is detected and measured. SOLUTION: A tank 2 in a facility which manufactures, fills, stores, treats and the like a substance 9 composed of a gas or a liquid whose bad influence and danger to an environment due to its leakage are excessive, a tank 2 which is provided at a moment apparatus as well as a pipe 6, are formed to be of a double structure. Even when the substance 9 is leaked from the tanks 2 and the pipe 6, it is checked and stopped by a hollow layer 4. In addition, the substance 9 which is leaked to the hollow layer 4 is detected so as to be reported to a monitoring operator.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tank and a moving device of a facility for producing, filling, storing, processing, etc., a substance made of gas or liquid which is considered to have a high adverse effect on the environment due to leakage and a high risk. Tanks and pipes
With a heavy structure, even if substances leak from these tanks and pipes, they are prevented and stopped by the hollow layer, and by detecting and measuring the substances leaking into this hollow layer, serious accidents and adverse effects on the environment are The present invention relates to a gas and liquid leak detection structure and a gas and liquid leak monitoring system, which can prevent the occurrence of air leaks beforehand and can take quick action later.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, various chemical plant equipment manufactures, fills, stores and treats gas or liquid substances which are considered to have a high adverse effect on the environment and a high risk due to leakage. It is a fact that they are transported in large quantities by ships and ships.

[0003] For example, a large amount of hydrogen chloride is generated in the hydrochloric acid production and steel pickling processes, and a large amount of chlorine gas is generated in the soda industry, the dye and the chemical industry. Furthermore, they are new sources in the chlorination of hydrocarbons and in the production processes of aluminum chloride, iron chloride, calcium chloride, etc., and recently also in the semiconductor industry and the optical fiber manufacturing industry. Chlorine is a toxic gas with an irritating odor that makes it alive at room temperature, and hydrogen chloride is a fume-producing gas with a helpless irritating odor. Depending on the amount of the spill, it has serious adverse effects on the environment.

[0004] In addition, substances which cause adverse effects on the environment due to leakage are not limited to these substances. For example, fluorine / hydrogen fluoride, silicon fluoride, and nitrogen compounds specified as harmful substances in Article 1 of the Enforcement Order of the Air Pollution Control Law. And these gaseous substances are used or generated in aluminum refining, phosphate fertilizer production, refractory brick production, porcelain production, glass production, and semiconductor production plants.

The gas containing hydrogen cyanide is used or generated in an acryl production step, a plating step, and a fumigation step in addition to a hydrocyanic acid production, a coke oven, and the like.

[0006] The number of substances whose leakage has an adverse effect on the environment is manufactured in an unlimited number of ways. At present, natural substances such as petroleum, fuel gas and sulfur are also produced. That's right.

Further, the production and use of these various substances are indispensable in the present chemical industry, and in large-scale plant factories, there are many tanks and pipes for producing, filling, storing and processing these substances. are doing. Of course,
These substances are controlled to prevent accidental leakage.

At present, tanks and pipes used in the process of manufacturing, filling, storing and treating these substances are acid-resistant,
Materials with oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. are used,
A certain level of strength is required, for example, by increasing the wall thickness so as not to be easily damaged. In addition, patrol management by visual inspection, tapping sound, and the like is also performed regularly.

[0009]

However, since these tanks and pipes have a single-layer structure, cracks due to corrosion, damage to welded portions, and subtle misalignment at joints occur due to long-term use. If an unexpected event occurs, such as the occurrence of a shock or an external impact, there is a good possibility that the liquid or gas of the harmful substance leaks out from this.

[0010] Furthermore, these unexpected situations are not always prevented or found immediately by the above-mentioned manual patrol management, and it is difficult to detect, for example, colorless and odorless gas leakage. Also, once a large but spill accident occurs, subsequent recovery processing is extremely difficult.

The inventor of the present invention has considered the countermeasures in consideration of the extremely high adverse effects on the human body and the environment if such an unexpected event occurs once, and has intensively studied them.

[0012] For these purposes, it is the corporate social responsibility to ensure complete safety even if the initial equipment cost is high, and to inform the general public of corporate environmental efforts. The idea is that it is also effective in this respect.

As a countermeasure, it has been concluded that it is desirable to have a structure for preventing and preventing harmful substances from leaking even if they occur, and to centrally manage the presence or absence of continuous leakage.

As a result, the present inventor has proposed a tank for producing, filling, storing, and treating a substance consisting of gas or liquid, which is considered to have a high adverse effect on the environment and a high risk due to leakage, and a pipe for circulating the substance. The whole or a part is covered with an outer wall so that a highly airtight hollow layer is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. While forming with the structure,
Providing detection means and measurement means for detecting the leakage of the substance at an appropriate place in this hollow layer, by centrally managing the presence or absence of leakage, even if leakage should occur, without leaking it to the outside Gas and liquid leak detection structure and monitoring of gas and liquid leaks that can be easily taken, collected easily, and environmentally friendly by stopping and detecting early in the middle layer It aims to provide a system.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The gas and liquid leak detection structure according to the first configuration of the present invention proposed to achieve the above object is characterized by the fact that the leak has a high adverse effect on the environment and a high risk. To produce a gas or liquid substance
The whole or a part of the tank to be filled, stored, treated and the piping through which these substances flow are covered with the outer wall so that a highly airtight hollow layer is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. A detecting means for detecting the leakage of the substance at an appropriate position.

To summarize the features of the present configuration, the whole or a part of the periphery of the tank or the pipe is covered with the outer wall to form a narrow hollow layer between the tank or the pipe and the outer wall door, and the seam or crack of the tank or the pipe is formed. One of the points is that even if a harmful substance such as a liquid or a gas leaks out of the container, it is stopped by the hollow layer so as not to leak out. In other words, the outer wall made the tank and the piping substantially double.

In addition, a detecting means for detecting a substance leaked into the hollow layer is provided so that the presence or absence of the leak can be detected from the outside.

The detecting means corresponds to, for example, a sensor, a measuring device such as a densitometer, a micro camera, or the like, and a detection signal from the detecting means is received by a centralized monitoring panel, a computer, or the like. The type of sensor used depends on the substance to be detected.In addition to various sensors currently on the market, those that can be developed with current technology are also included, but the accuracy is high and the quality is stable. You need to use something. The same applies to the measuring device.

The centralized monitoring panel is configured to be able to determine from which of the plurality of detecting means a signal has been received, and includes a switch for stopping the delivery of a substance to a tank or a pipe. It may be constituted by. Also,
The present configuration includes a sensor, a measuring device such as a densitometer, and a device provided with a plurality of different kinds of detecting means such as a micro camera.

The number and location of the detection means in the hollow layer differ depending on the properties of the substance to be detected, the structure and size of the tank and the like. For example, when detecting a liquid having a low volatility or a gas having a high specific gravity, it is desirable to provide this below the hollow layer so that it can be detected quickly. On the other hand, for example, when detecting a highly volatile liquid or a gas having a low specific gravity, it is desirable to provide the gas at a location above the hollow layer so that the gas can be detected quickly.

When the tank and the pipes are covered with an outer wall to form a double structure as in the present configuration, even if a crack or the like occurs in the tank and the pipes, repairing is performed by removing a part of the outer wall. There are great advantages in that work can be easily performed, a double structure can be formed at a relatively low cost, and a double structure can be formed relatively easily even with tanks and pipes having complicated irregularities.

The second structure of the present invention is characterized in that the tank and the piping are formed in a double structure so that a hollow layer is formed, which is a feature of the first structure. For the same reason as the configuration. Although the above-described first configuration also has a double structure as a result, the reason why the second configuration intentionally describes the dual structure of the tank and the piping is, for example, a small box piece tank. For short piping and tanks intended for transportation, it is easier to handle, easier to manufacture, and stronger if an integrated tank or piping with a double structure is used instead of a double structure covering the outer wall. This is because it is also excellent.

The other features of the second configuration of the present invention are the same as the features of the first configuration, and will not be described.

In the above-described first and second configurations, the hollow layer is an air layer. However, if the substance to be leaked is a highly water-soluble substance such as hydrogen chloride, for example, The use of an aqueous solution in the hollow layer makes accurate detection and concentration measurement easier.

What addresses such a case is the gas and liquid leak detection structure according to the third structure of the present invention. In this structure, water or water is the main component in the hollow layer described above. It is characterized in that it is configured to be filled with a liquid to be leaked, and to detect the leakage of the substance as a concentration contained in water by a detecting means provided in the hollow layer.

If the leak location is far away from the detecting means and the leak is very small, it is expected that it will take time from the leak to the detection. As one measure to solve such a situation, it is necessary to forcibly move the leaked liquid vaporized gas and the leaked gas so as to approach the detection means quickly.

What copes with such a case is the gas and liquid leakage detecting structure according to the first structure of the present invention. In this structure, the structure is connected to the above-mentioned hollow layer or communicates with the hollow layer. It is characterized in that a fan or a pump is provided in the bypass passage, and a detecting means for detecting leakage of the substance is provided in the hollow layer or the bypass passage.

When a bypass or a fan is provided in the bypass passage communicating with the hollow layer as in the present configuration,
The installation, maintenance and inspection, replacement, and the like are convenient, and the safety is excellent. Further, by providing the detecting means here, leakage can be detected quickly.

By the way, since the hollow layer in the above-described first to fourth configurations is one space as a whole,
Leak detection may be delayed, and it is expected that it is particularly difficult to find a leak point. The fifth configuration of the present invention is configured to cope with such a case,
In this configuration, a partition is provided in the hollow layer to form a compartment composed of a plurality of hollow layers, and in each compartment or in a bypass passage communicating with each compartment, a detection unit for detecting the leakage of the substance is provided. It is characterized by having.

In other words, the leak can be found in each compartment unit. With this configuration, the leak can be detected early, the leak location can be easily specified, and the repair can be easily performed. Become. Also, recovery after leakage is easy.

In the gas and liquid leak monitoring system according to the sixth configuration, the detecting means includes a measuring means for measuring the leak concentration of the material, and a detection signal or measured concentration by the detecting means is provided. Is provided in the monitoring room, is equipped with any one or more of a computer, a display panel, and an alarm device, and is configured to be able to receive in the monitoring device. This makes it possible to centrally manage the detection of leakage.

[0032]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The purpose and structure of the gas and liquid leak detection structure and the gas and liquid leak monitoring system according to the present invention are as described above, and then, according to each embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. The configuration of the present invention will be specifically described in detail.

FIG. 1 is a front view, partially in section, of a gas and liquid leak detection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Structure.

As shown in FIG. 1, a gas and liquid leak detection system S1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a leak detection system 1A for gas and liquid leak detection in a centralized monitoring room. It can be monitored by the panel 12 and the computer 14.

The gas and liquid leak detection structure 1A will be described. The outer surface of the tank 2 which constitutes a part of the structure is covered with the outer wall 3, and the confidentiality is provided between the tank 2 and the outer wall 3. A high and narrow hollow layer 4 is formed so as to form a substantially double-walled tank. Sensors 10a and 10b serving as detecting means are provided at a portion extending from the outer wall 3 into the hollow layer 4. Is provided.

The periphery of the pipe 5 on the feed side provided toward the inside of the tank 2 is also covered with an outer wall 6, and a highly airtight and narrow hollow layer is provided between the pipe 5 and the outer wall 6. 7 is formed so as to form a substantially double-walled pipe, and a sensor 10c as a detecting means is provided also at a position from the outer wall 6 to the inside of the hollow layer.

In the figure, reference numeral 9 denotes a liquid substance to be filled in the tank 2, and reference numeral 8 denotes a delivery-side pipe provided from the inside of the tank 9 to the outside. Although the pipe 8 does not have a double wall structure in the drawing, the sensor may be provided in the hollow layer with a double wall structure as in the case of the pipe 6 on the inlet side. These sensors 10a, 1
Reference numerals 0b and 10c denote sensors for detecting the substance 9 filled in the tank 2. In addition, each sensor 10a, 10
b and 10c include those that not only detect the substance 9 but also measure its concentration.

What has been described above is the leak detection structure 1A for gas and liquid.
An alarm lamp or an alarm buzzer may be provided for each of the 10b and 10c and in the vicinity thereof, but when a large number of tanks and pipes are provided, it is preferable to perform these detections by centralized management. .

For this purpose, the gas and liquid leak detection system S1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes the leak detection by the gas and liquid leak detection structure 1A in the central monitoring room as described above. The monitoring panel 12 and the computer 14 allow monitoring by each sensor 1
0a, 10b, and 10c are connected to the signal processing circuit 11 by signal lines L1 to L3, respectively, and the signal processing circuit 11 is connected to the alarm monitoring panel 12 and the computer 15. In the drawing, 13 is an alarm buzzer that emits an alarm sound when leakage is detected, 14 is an alarm lamp that lights or blinks when leakage is detected, 15a is a monitor that displays a monitoring state, and 16 is a printout of monitoring data. A printer 17 is an output sheet.

Therefore, for example, even if a crack occurs in a part of the tank 2 and the substance 9 in the tank 2 leaks from the crack,
Without leaking the substance 9 from the inside of the hollow layer 4 to the outside, the leak can be detected and notified to the monitoring person.

FIG. 2 shows a gas and liquid leak detection system S2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This system S2 is a system common to the above-mentioned system AS1, but is used for detecting gas and liquid leaks. There are some differences.

The difference is as follows. A fan 18 for forcibly moving the air in the hollow layer 4 is provided in a bypass passage 18 communicating with the hollow layer 4. Is provided with a sensor 10d as a detecting means for detecting the substance 9 filled in the substrate.

When the air in the hollow layer 4 is moved in this way, for example, a crack is generated in a part of the tank 2 and even if the substance 9 in the tank 2 flows out of the tank 2, the substance 9 is removed. The detection can be performed quickly.

[0044]

As described above, the gas and liquid leakage detecting structure according to the present invention described above manufactures, fills, stores, and stores a gas or liquid substance which is considered to have a high adverse effect on the environment and a high risk of leakage. The tank to be treated and the whole or a part of the pipe or the like through which these substances flow are formed in a double structure so that a highly airtight hollow layer is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. By providing detection means to detect the leakage of the substance, even if this substance leaked, it was possible to stop the leakage of this substance in the hollow layer and prevent it from leaking outside is there. In addition, when there is an outflow into the hollow layer, the outflow can be quickly detected and notified to a monitoring person.

If the substance to be filled in the tank is water-soluble and it is easier to detect the substance by including it in water, the filling of the hollow layer with water is quick and accurate. It is now possible to detect such things.

Further, a fan or a pump is provided in the hollow layer or in a bypass passage communicating with the hollow layer, and a detecting means for detecting the leakage of the substance is provided in the hollow layer or the bypass passage. The detection could be done more quickly.

The large number of these detections can be centrally monitored systematically by a monitoring panel or a tamputer provided in the monitoring room, so that a large-scale monitoring can be performed with less manual operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a gas and liquid leak detection system having a first embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a gas and liquid leak detection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 S1, S2 Gas and liquid leak detection system 1A, 1B Gas and liquid leak detection structure 2 Tank 3 Outer wall 4 Hollow layer 5 (Sending side) pipe 6 (Piping) outer wall 9 (Filling) Material 10a to 10d (Detection means) Sensor 12 Monitoring panel 15 Computer

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A tank for producing, filling, storing, and processing a substance composed of a gas or a liquid which is considered to have a high adverse effect on the environment and a high risk due to leakage, and a whole or a part of a pipe or the like through which the substance flows. A detection means for detecting leakage of the substance is provided at an appropriate position in the hollow layer so as to form a highly airtight hollow layer between the inner wall and the outer wall. Gas and liquid leakage detection structure. 2. A tank for manufacturing, filling, storing, or treating a substance composed of a gas or a liquid, which is considered to have a high adverse effect on the environment and a high risk due to leakage, and a whole or a part of a pipe or the like through which the substance flows. A double-layered structure having a highly airtight hollow layer between the inner wall and the outer wall, and a detecting means for detecting the leakage of the substance is provided at an appropriate position in the hollow layer. Gas and liquid leakage detection structure. 3. A detecting means provided in the hollow layer, wherein the hollow layer according to claim 1 or 2 is filled with water or a liquid containing water as a main component, and the leakage of the substance is determined as a concentration contained in the water. A gas and liquid leakage detection structure, characterized in that the structure is configured to detect the leakage of gas and liquid. 4. A fan or a pump is provided in the hollow layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, or in a bypass passage communicating with the hollow layer, and a fan or a pump is provided in the hollow layer or the bypass passage. A gas and liquid leak detection structure, further comprising a detection means for detecting the leak of the substance. 5. A partition comprising a plurality of hollow layers by providing a partition in the hollow layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A leak detecting structure for gas and liquid, wherein a detecting means for detecting the leak of the substance is provided in each compartment or in a bypass passage communicating with each compartment. 6. The detecting means includes a measuring means for measuring a leakage concentration of the material, and a detection signal or a measured concentration by the detecting means is provided in a monitoring room.
A leak monitoring system for gas and liquid, comprising any one or more of a computer, a display panel, and an alarm device and configured to be able to receive in a monitoring device.