JP2000054489A - Aseismatic construction of wooden building and vibration resisting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve vibration resisting strength of a wooden building by tensely providing a vertical tension rod preventing upper and lower horizontal members from separating from each other between a continuous footing and an upper horizontal member or between the upper and lower horizontal members. SOLUTION: A lower horizontal member 12 is placed and fixed on a continuous footing 11, vertical pillars 13, 14 are standingly provided thereon, the vertical pillar 13 at the corner part is made to be a through pillar, and the other vertical pillars 14 are inserted and fixed between the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal member 15. Further the vertical pillars 14 are inserted and fixed between the respective upper horizontal members 15 in parallel with the lower horizontal member 12, and the vertical pillars 14, the lower horizontal member 12, and the upper horizontal members 15 are combined together by tenon construction. The continuous footing 11 (lower horizontal member 12) and the respective upper horizontal members 15 are combined together through a vertical tension rod 20. For absorbing difference of thermal expansion between the vertical tension rod 20 and the vertical pillars 14, cushion material such as rubber is inserted between both side faces of the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal members 15 and force application metal fittings 21. Hereby the horizontal members can be prevented from separating from each other due to an earthquake or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a seismic structure of a wooden building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Numerous proposals have been made to improve the vibration resistance of a wooden building against an earthquake, particularly a direct earthquake. However, the conventional anti-vibration structure of a wooden building was basically to strengthen the connection between the horizontal member (side foundation, eaves, trunk) and the column member. It is a fact that if the connection strength between the horizontal member and the vertical column member is increased, the vibration resistance is increased. The tools and wood could be damaged and fall off, and it was difficult to say that the vibration resistance was sufficient.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration-resistant structure that can more reliably increase the vibration resistance of a wooden building.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention departs from the idea of increasing the connection strength between a horizontal member and a vertical column member, and if the upper and lower horizontal members are prevented from separating from each other when subjected to an impact force, the vertical direction is generally reduced The present invention has been made based on the idea that vertical columns and horizontal members connected by a tenon structure can be prevented from being separated. In other words, one of the problems with conventional timber-based structures is that if the vertical columns and the horizontal members are separated by more than the depth of the tenon structure due to the impact force, the tenon structure will come off. In that the strength as an object is instantaneously lost,
If this can be prevented, seismic resistance will be dramatically improved.

[0005] The seismic structure of the wooden building of the present invention based on this viewpoint is a lower horizontal member installed on a cloth foundation, an upper horizontal member parallel to the lower horizontal member; And a vertical column member connected to both horizontal members positioned between the upper horizontal member and the upper horizontal member. A vertical tension rod for preventing the upper and lower horizontal members from being separated from each other is provided therebetween.

[0006] The vertical tension rod has a meaning of "vertical", and because it is stretched vertically, it is possible to prevent the horizontal members from being separated from each other and to prevent the tenon structure from coming off.

[0007] The earthquake-resistant structure of the present invention can be applied to a single-story building or a two-story building. In a building having two or more floors, the upper horizontal members and the vertical column members are provided with a plurality of layers, and thus the vertical tension rods are similarly stretched between the multiple layers of the upper horizontal members. In this case, a vertical tension rod may be provided at a different place for each floor due to the opening and the like, but preferably, between the lower horizontal member and the plurality of upper horizontal members, that is, over the entire building. It is good to install in a straight line. Of course, the number of vertical tension rods may be determined according to the building, and is not limited.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in consideration of ease of construction, the present invention provides a lower horizontal member installed on a cloth foundation; an upper horizontal member parallel to the lower horizontal member; And a vertical column member connecting the two horizontal members between the upper horizontal member and a vertical column member having a lower end embedded in a cloth foundation or fixed to a lower horizontal member. A tension rod connected to the upper cross member; a downward vertical tension rod having one end connected to the tension bracket and extending in the same axis as the upward vertical tension rod; and the upward vertical rod and the downward vertical rod. And a connecting tool for connecting; the upward vertical rod and the downward vertical rod,
It is characterized in that the lower and upper cross members are connected via a connection tool in a manner to resist a force for separating the lower and upper cross members.
The meaning of “vertical” is as described above.

In a two or more-story building having a plurality of layers of upper horizontal members and vertical column members, a strength fitting is connected to each upper horizontal member. The upper horizontal member except for the uppermost horizontal member is provided with an upward vertical rod and a downward vertical rod extending upward and downward from the force-fitting fitting, and the uppermost horizontal member is provided with a downward vertical rod extending downward. A rod is provided, and these vertically adjacent upward and downward vertical rods are connected to each other by a connector. For example, a turnbuckle can be used as the connection tool.

[0010] As an example, if the strength fitting is a U-shaped member which can be attached to and detached from the upper transverse member in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the strength fitting is connected to the upper transverse material at the stage when the timbering is completed. And it is easy to construct. In this U-shaped cross-section fitting, the upward vertical rod and the downward vertical rod are formed of a series of rods extending vertically through the U-shaped cross-section of the mounting bracket and the hole formed in the upper horizontal member. The rod member and the fitting can be fixed by appropriate means.

Alternatively, the force-fitting fitting is located on the entire periphery of the upper horizontal member and cannot be rotated relative to the horizontal member.
Alternatively, it may be formed in a circular cross section which is located on the entire circumference of the upper horizontal member and is rotatable relative to the horizontal member. The upward vertical rod and the downward vertical rod can be fixed by welding to this fitting. According to the metal fitting having a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section, there is an advantage in that the upper horizontal member is not bullied (drilled by drilling a hole or the like) and the strength of the wooden material is not impaired.

[0012] If it is a constructional problem to pass such a metal fitting having a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section through the upper cross member before the timber frame, it can be detached from a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member. Openable and closable.

[0013] A cushion material can be interposed between the upper and lower surfaces of the upper horizontal member and the fitting metal to absorb the difference in thermal expansion between the wood-based material and the vertical tension rod. The earthquake-resistant structure of the present invention includes a lower and an upper horizontal member, and a vertical column member,
It is effective for buildings that are connected by a tenon that can be attached and detached vertically.

[0014]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a three-story wooden structure. A lower horizontal member (side base) 12 is placed and fixed on the cloth foundation 11, and vertical column members 13 and 14 are erected on the lower horizontal member 12. In the illustrated example, the vertical column members 13 at the corners are so-called through columns, and the other vertical column members 14 are the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal member 1.
5 and is fixed. Since the upper horizontal member 15 parallel to the lower horizontal member 12 is a three-story building, it has three layers, and the vertical column members 14 are similarly inserted and fixed between the upper horizontal members 15. As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical column member 14 and the lower horizontal member 12 (and the upper horizontal member 15) are joined by a tenon structure 16 that can be attached and detached in the vertical direction.

The above is an example of the structure of a normal wooden structure. In such a structure, the cloth foundation 11 (lower horizontal member 12) and each upper horizontal member 15 are connected to a vertical tension rod 20.
Are joined by That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a male screw 20S is formed in a portion corresponding to the lower horizontal member 12 and each upper horizontal member 15 in the vertical tension rod 20, and the lower end thereof is formed on a cloth base. 11 buried. A rod insertion hole 17 is formed in the lower horizontal member 12 and each upper horizontal member 15 so as to be located at the same plane position, and a fastening metal fitting having a rod insertion hole 22 in the rod insertion hole 17 portion. 21 are mounted.

The force fitting 21 has a U-shaped cross section which can be mounted on the lower horizontal member 12 and each upper horizontal member 15 from a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. The vertical tension rod 20 is inserted through the rod insertion holes 22 of these force-fitting fittings 21, the lower horizontal members 12, and the upper horizontal members 15. Each force fitting 21 is fixed to the lower transverse member 12 and each upper material 15 by a fixing nut 23 screwed into the male screw 20S. As a result, the vertical tension rod 20 and each force fitting 21 (that is, the lower lateral The frame member 12 and the upper horizontal member 15) are connected. Between the front and back surfaces of the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal member 15 and the fitting 21, a cushion material 24 such as rubber is used to absorb a difference in thermal expansion between the vertical tension rod 20 and the vertical column material 14. Has been inserted.

As described above, when the lower and upper horizontal members 12 and the upper horizontal member 15 are connected by the vertical tension rod 20, the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal member 15,
Alternatively, when a force is applied to separate the upper horizontal members 15 from each other, the vertical tension rod 20 resists the force and prevents the separation. For this reason, the rectangular structure forming the foundation of the building does not collapse. In other words, the vertical tenon structure 16 between the vertical column member 14 and the lower horizontal member 12 (upper horizontal member 15) does not come off.

The conventional structure comprises a vertical column member 14 and a lower horizontal member 12.
Various metal fittings for increasing the bonding strength of the (upper horizontal member 15) are used, but such metal members are easily detached by an impact force, and the vertical column member 14 and the lower horizontal member 12 (upper part) are used. The horizontal member 15) itself is easily broken from the fixed portion of the bracket. When destroyed, the tenon structure 16 comes off and the rectangular structure is destroyed, which in the worst case leads to collapse of the building. On the other hand, the vertical tension rod 20 according to the present embodiment prevents the tenon structure 16 between the vertical column member 14 and the lower horizontal member 12 (upper horizontal member 15) from coming off, and allows the vertical column member 14 and the lower horizontal member 14 to be separated from each other. Mounting material 1
2 (upper horizontal member 15) is prevented from separating, so that the rectangular structure can be more reliably prevented from being broken.

In the above embodiment, the vertical tension rod 20
Is buried in the cloth foundation 11, so the importance of the fastening metal 21 provided on the lower horizontal member 12 is determined by the upper horizontal member 1.
It is not as high as the strength fitting 21 of FIG. In other words, the fastening metal fitting 21 of the lower horizontal member 12 can be omitted. However, as shown in FIG. 3, a vertical tension rod 20 connecting the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal member 15 separately from the fixing anchor 18 for fixing the cloth foundation 11 and the lower horizontal member 12.
Is also possible. In such a structure, the fastening metal fitting 21 of the lower horizontal member 12 is indispensable.

Although FIG. 1 conceptually illustrates the structure of the present invention, the vertical tension rod 20 is depicted by a single rod material. However, in actual construction, it is apparent that these can be appropriately divided and joined later. It is. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the vertical tension rod 20 is divided for each floor to form male and female threads in the divided portions, and the male screw is connected by a turnbuckle 26. That is, the upwardly-moving metal fittings 21 of each of the upper horizontal members 15 except the uppermost upper horizontal member 15 are provided with an upward vertical rod 20U and a downward vertical rod 20D which are formed of one rod and extend on the same axis. The fastening metal fitting 21 of the upper upper lateral member 15 has only a downward vertical rod 20D, and the upper vertical rod 20U and the lower vertical rod 20D adjacent to each other are connected by a turnbuckle 26.
The vertical tension rod 20 buried in the cloth foundation 11 is connected to the downward vertical rod 2
0D and a turnbuckle 26.

According to this embodiment, the fitting metal fitting 21 is provided for each floor (the lower horizontal member 12 and the upper horizontal member 15), and the upward vertical rod 20U and the downward vertical rod 20D are connected by the turnbuckle 26. The construction becomes easy.

The vertical pull rods 20 need not necessarily extend linearly on each floor. As shown in FIG. 5, it is also possible to change the installation location of the vertical tension rod 20 for each floor. Such a structure can be adopted when the position of the vertical tension rod 20 is restricted by the position of the opening (window or door) 18 or the like provided in the structure.

In the above embodiment, the lower horizontal member 12 (the upper horizontal member 15) is provided with the rod insertion hole 17 through which the vertical tension rod 20 is inserted. 6 to 9 show an embodiment in which it is not necessary to form such a rod insertion hole 17 in the lower horizontal member 12 (the upper horizontal member 15). FIG.
Shows a rectangular force fitting 21A having a rectangular cross section, and FIG. 7 shows a circular force fitting 21B having a circular cross section. The rectangular force fitting 21A is of a type that cannot rotate relative to the upper transverse member 15, and the circular force fitting 21B is of a type that can rotate relative to the upper transverse member 15. The rectangular force fitting 21A and the circular force fit 21B are inserted from the longitudinal end of the upper transverse member 15. Upward vertical rods 20U and downward vertical rods 20D are welded and fixed to these rectangular force fittings 21A and circular force fittings 21B, respectively, except for the upper upper horizontal member 15. The facing upward vertical rod 20U and downward vertical rod 20D are connected by a turnbuckle 26.

An advantage of the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7 is that it is not necessary to drill a hole in the upper cross member 15 (lower cross member 12). Drilling is, in industry terms, bullying a tree, and is not preferred in terms of strength. An advantage of the embodiment of FIG. 7 is that the upper horizontal member 15 and the circular fitting 21B can be rotated relative to each other in the case of a direct type earthquake in which it is unknown what kind of force acts. The circular force fitting 21B does not exert a torsional shearing force on the upper horizontal member 15.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show an opening / closing rectangle in which the rectangular force fitting 21A of FIG. 6 and the circular force fitting 21B of FIG. A force fitting 21A 'and an opening / closing circular force fitting 21B' are shown. The opening / closing rectangular force fitting 21A ′ is opened and closed by the upper horizontal member 15.
Can be attached and detached from a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, thereby improving workability. The opening / closing hinge 27 and the connection flange 28 are given sufficient strength.

[0026]

As described above, according to the seismic structure of the present invention, the seismic resistance of a wooden building can be dramatically improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a seismic structure of a wooden building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between an upper horizontal member and a fitting of the earthquake-resistant structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing another connection example of the cloth foundation, the lower cross member, and the vertical tension rod.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing another embodiment of the earthquake-resistant structure of a wooden building according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing still another embodiment of the earthquake-resistant structure of a wooden building according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a fitting fitting to be connected to the upper horizontal member.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a fitting fitting to be coupled to the upper horizontal member.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a fitting fitting to be connected to the upper horizontal member.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a fitting fitting to be coupled to the upper horizontal member.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 11 cloth foundation 12 lower horizontal member 13 14 vertical column member 15 upper horizontal member 16 tenon structure 17 rod insertion hole 20 vertical pull rod 20S male screw 20U upward vertical rod 20D downward vertical rod 21 21A 'Open / close rectangular fitting 21B' Open / close circular fitting 22 Rod insertion hole 23 Fixing nut 24 Cushion 26 Turnbuckle 27 Opening hinge 28 Connection flange

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A lower horizontal member installed on a cloth foundation; an upper horizontal member parallel to the lower horizontal member; and both upper and lower members positioned between the lower horizontal member and the upper horizontal member. In a wooden building having vertical column members connected to the horizontal members, the upper and lower horizontal members are separated between the cloth foundation and the upper horizontal members or between the upper and lower horizontal members. A seismic structure of a wooden building, characterized by a vertical tension rod installed to prevent the building from being damaged. 2. The vibration-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the wooden building has two or more floors, the upper horizontal member and the vertical column member have a plurality of layers, and the vertical tension rod has a plurality of layers. Anti-vibration structure stretched between the upper horizontal members. 3. The vibration-resistant structure according to claim 2, wherein the vertical tension rod is installed in a straight line between the lower horizontal member and the plurality of upper horizontal members. 4. A lower horizontal member installed on a cloth foundation; an upper horizontal member parallel to the lower horizontal member; and both upper and lower members positioned between the lower horizontal member and the upper horizontal member. In a wooden building having a vertical column member connecting the horizontal members, an upward vertical tension rod whose lower end is embedded in a cloth foundation or fixed to a lower horizontal member; A downwardly extending vertical pulling rod having one end connected to the force fitting and extending in the same axis as the upwardly extending vertical pulling rod; and a connecting device for connecting the upwardly vertical rod and the downwardly vertical rod. The vertical rod and the downward vertical rod are connected to each other via a connector in a manner that resists a force for separating the lower and upper horizontal members, and the vibration-resistant structure of the wooden building is characterized by the above-mentioned structure. . 5. The anti-vibration structure according to claim 4, wherein the wooden building has two or more floors, and the upper horizontal member and the vertical column member are provided with a plurality of layers. Are connected, and the upper horizontal member except for the uppermost horizontal member is provided with an upward vertical rod and a downward vertical rod extending upward and downward from the force-fitting bracket, and the uppermost horizontal member is A vibration-proof structure in which a downward vertical rod extending downward is provided, and an upward vertical rod and a downward vertical rod that are vertically adjacent to each other are connected to each other by a connector. 6. The vibration-resistant structure according to claim 4, wherein the mounting member has a U-shaped cross section that can be attached to and detached from the upper transverse member from a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. 7. An anti-vibration structure according to claim 6, wherein the upward vertical rod and the downward vertical rod are a series of rod members extending up and down through a mounting bracket having a U-shaped cross section and a hole formed in an upper horizontal member. There is an anti-vibration structure in which the rod material and the fastening metal are fixed. 8. The anti-vibration structure according to claim 4, wherein the force-fitting metal is located on the entire circumference of the upper horizontal member and cannot be rotated relative to the horizontal member. An anti-vibration structure having a circular cross section which is located on the entire circumference and can be rotated relative to the horizontal member. 9. The anti-vibration structure according to claim 8, wherein the upward vertical rod and the downward vertical rod are welded to a force fitting. 10. The vibration proof structure according to claim 8, wherein the metal fitting having a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section can be opened and closed so as to be detachable from a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member. 11. The anti-vibration structure according to claim 4, wherein a cushion material is interposed between the upper and lower surfaces of the upper transverse member and the fitting metal. 12. The anti-vibration structure according to claim 1, wherein the lower and upper horizontal members and the vertical column members are connected by a tenon structure which can be vertically attached and detached. . 13. The anti-vibration structure according to claim 5, wherein the connecting member is a turnbuckle.