JP2000045693A - Lining layer forming method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve working environment as well as profitability. SOLUTION: A traveling vehicle 16 is fixed and a flash-setting cement based lining material A is supplied to a spray nozzle and sprayed to an arched portion of a tunnel inner wall face 12 to form an arched lining layer 10a. A formwork 18a of a formwork device 18 is installed on the right and left sides of the tunnel inner wall face 12. When the installation of the formwork 18a is completed, quick-setting cement based lining material B is placed in the formwork 18a to form lining layers 10b, 10c on the right and left sides. When the quick-setting cement base lining material B placed in the formwork 18a is hardened, a telescopic arm 18b is operated for remove the formwork. When the removal of the formwork is completed, a lining layer 10 is formed with the side lining layers 10b, 10c connected to both ends of the arched lining layer 10a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a lining layer, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for forming a lining layer on a tunnel inner wall surface immediately after excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the construction work of a mountain tunnel, the inner wall of the tunnel immediately after excavation is sprayed with a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar to form a primary lining layer, and the collapse of the ground and the skin Prevents falling.

[0003] The cement-based lining material used for this type of lining layer usually contains a quick-setting agent, and is a flash-setting material that hardens in an extremely short time immediately after being sprayed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel. Used.

However, the formation of the primary lining layer by spraying has the following problems.

[0005]

That is, in the method in which the primary lining layer is formed by spraying a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar, many rebounds from the inner wall surface of the tunnel occur, and the working environment due to dust is reduced. In addition to the deterioration, there was also a problem in terms of cost, because the quick-setting agent mixed was expensive.

[0006] In order to solve such a problem, an all-around formwork that covers the entire inner wall surface of the tunnel is installed, and a cement-based lining material mixed with a hardening agent is poured into the formwork to form a primary material. The formation of a lining layer is also being considered.

However, immediately after excavation, since various equipment such as an excavator is installed near the face, it is difficult to secure a space for installing the full-circle formwork. It has been very difficult to adopt the method of forming the primary lining layer using the method.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for forming a lining layer capable of improving the working environment and economy. Is to provide.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for forming a lining layer made of a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar on an excavated tunnel inner wall surface immediately after excavation. In the arch portion of the inner wall surface of the tunnel, spraying a cementitious lining material of the instantaneous setting, forming an arch surface lining layer, and installing a formwork on both sides of the inner wall surface of the tunnel, A cement lining material was cast to form a side lining layer connected to the arch surface lining layer.
According to the method of forming the lining layer configured as described above, only the arch portion of the inner wall surface of the tunnel is sprayed with the instantaneous cement-based lining material to form the arch surface lining layer.
The generation of dust can be reduced, and the amount of the quick setting agent used is reduced. A hardening agent can be added to the cement-based lining material cast in the mold. According to this configuration, if a hardening agent is added to the cement-based lining material to be cast into the formwork, the lining material is quickly cured, so that demolding can be performed early and the formation cycle of the arch surface lining layer can be achieved. And the cycle of forming the side lining layer can be brought close to each other. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for forming a lining layer made of a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar on an excavated tunnel inner wall surface immediately after excavation, wherein an instantaneously-set cement-based A spraying robot capable of spraying a lining material, and a mold for forming a side lining layer by casting a hardened cement-based lining material in a formwork installed on both sides of the inner wall surface of the tunnel. A frame device, wherein the spraying robot is mounted, and the form device is attached to a side of a traveling vehicle that moves along an axial direction of a tunnel to be excavated. According to the apparatus for forming a lining layer configured in this manner, a hard cement material is provided on both sides of the tunnel inner wall surface on the side of the traveling vehicle equipped with a spraying robot conventionally used for tunnel construction. By forming a lining material and attaching a formwork device to form the side lining layer, it is possible to reduce the generation of dust when forming the lining layer and to use the quick-setting agent. Is also reduced. In addition, since the side portion of the traveling vehicle on which the spray robot is mounted has a relatively large space, this portion can be effectively used. The traveling vehicle, a blowing vehicle equipped with the blowing robot,
It can be separated into a formwork vehicle holding the formwork device. According to this configuration, since the blowing vehicle equipped with the blowing robot and the formwork vehicle holding the formwork device are separated, it is possible to drive each traveling vehicle according to the work situation. Therefore, the work efficiency can be improved. The formwork device includes a pair of left and right formwork installed on the left and right sides of the inner wall surface of the tunnel, respectively, and these left and right formwork can be held by individual formwork vehicles. According to this configuration, there are a total of three blasting vehicles and formwork vehicles that individually hold the left and right formwork devices. Therefore, by driving each traveling vehicle according to the work situation, it is possible to further improve the operability. Helps improve work efficiency.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a method and an apparatus for forming a lining layer according to the present invention.

The apparatus for forming the lining layer 10 shown in FIG.
The lining layer 10 is made of a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar.

The lining layer 10 includes an arch surface lining layer 10a formed on an arch portion of the tunnel inner wall surface 12 and a left side formed on both sides of a substantially straight line connected to both sides of the arch portion of the tunnel inner wall surface 12. , Right side lining layers 10b and 10c.

The apparatus for forming the lining layer 10 includes a spraying robot 14, a traveling vehicle 16, and a formwork device 18. The spraying robot 14 is mounted on a traveling vehicle 16 and includes a spraying nozzle 14a, a multi-joint arm 14b,
And a controller 14c.

A quick-setting cement-based lining material A to which a quick-setting agent is added and mixed is supplied to the spray nozzle 14a.
The lining layer 12 is formed by spraying the lining material A onto the inner wall surface 12 of the tunnel.

The multi-joint arm 14b holds the spray nozzle 14a at the tip end, and changes the spray direction of the spray nozzle 14b in an arbitrary direction in a three-dimensional space according to a control signal sent from the controller 14c. To be performed.

That is, the spraying robot 14 of the present embodiment
Is configured so that the cement-based lining material A having an instantaneous setting can be sprayed on the entire surface of the inner wall surface 12 of the tunnel.
The traveling vehicle 16 has wheels 16a and fixed legs 16b, and moves along the tunnel axial direction.

In this embodiment, a free-section excavator 20 for excavating a face is provided at the front end side of the traveling vehicle 16, and excavation of the face is performed using such an excavator 20. The excavation may be performed by an excavator provided separately from the traveling vehicle 16 without being limited to the case of performing the excavation.

In the case of the present embodiment, the form device 18 is provided on both sides of the traveling vehicle 16 with the same structure, and includes a form 18a and a plurality of extendable and contractible support arms 18b.
And a swing jack 18c.

The formwork 18a is provided with a hardened cement-based lining material B therein, and the left and right side lining layers 10b,
10c, which is used for forming the side lining layers 10a, 10b, and has a height corresponding to the height of the side lining layers 10a, 10b. A wife formwork 18d is provided.

One end of the support arm 18b is fixed to the inner surface of the formwork 18a, and the other end is pivotally connected to the traveling vehicle 16 by a pin. In the middle of each support arm 18b, there is provided a cylinder that expands and contracts in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel.

The swinging jack 18c cooperates with the extendable support arm 18b to position and set the form 18a at a predetermined position, and to swing the removed form 18a upward.

A casting hose 18e for supplying a rapidly hardening cement-based lining material B is connected to the formwork 18a.

Next, a method of forming the lining layer 10 using the above-described forming apparatus will be described. The lining layer 10,
Construction is performed at the stage when the tunnel inner wall surface 12 having a predetermined length is excavated by the free-section excavator 20.

When the lining layer 10 is formed, the traveling vehicle 16 is first moved to a position where the lining layer 10 is to be formed. At this time, the formwork 18a of the formwork apparatus 18 drives the swinging jack 18c to swing the formwork 18a upward to hold the formwork 18a at a position where there is no obstacle to traveling.

When the traveling vehicle 16 completes its movement, it is fixed at that position by the support legs 16b, and the spray nozzle 14a
Then, an instantaneously setting cement-based lining material A is supplied and sprayed onto the arch portion of the inner wall surface 12 of the tunnel to form an arch surface lining layer 10a.

On the other hand, at the same time as the spraying operation, the swinging jack 18c and the extendable support arm 18b are controlled so that the formwork 18a of each formwork device 18 is moved to the inner wall surface 1 of the tunnel.
2 on the left and right sides.

When the installation of the mold 18a is completed, the mold 18
A cement-based lining material B of rapid hardening is cast in a.
The left and right side lining layers 10b and 10c are respectively formed.

In this case, when the ground strength is very low and a strong support is urgently required, a quick-setting cement-based lining material reinforced with steel fibers may be used as in the past.
Alternatively, it is dealt with by burying a lock bolt.

When the rapidly hardened cement-based lining material B cast in the mold 18a hardens, the extensible arm 18b is operated to release the mold. When this removal is completed,
Side lining layers 10b, 10 are provided at both ends of the arch lining layer 10a.
The lining layer 10 to which c is connected is formed.

In this embodiment, a hardening agent is added to a cement-based lining material cast into the mold 18a to accelerate the curing of the lining material and to enable early demolding. The formation cycle of the face lining layer 10a and the formation cycle of the side lining layers 10b and 10c are brought close to each other so as to improve the construction efficiency. It is not always necessary to add a hardening agent to the cement-based lining material to be provided.

According to the method of forming the lining layer 10 configured as described above, only the arch portion of the inner wall surface 12 of the tunnel is sprayed with the instantaneous cement-based lining material A,
Since the arch surface lining layer 10a is formed, the generation of dust can be reduced, and the amount of the quick-setting agent used is also reduced.

Therefore, the deterioration of the working environment can be reduced and the economical aspect can be improved.

Further, according to the apparatus for forming the lining layer 10 having the above-described structure, both sides of the tunnel inner wall surface 12 are provided on the side of the traveling vehicle 16 on which the spraying robot 14 conventionally used for tunnel construction is mounted. In the formwork 18a installed in the
By forming a hardened cement-based lining material B and attaching a formwork device 18 for forming the side lining layers 10a and 10b, generation of dust when forming the lining layer 10 is reduced. And the use of a quick setting agent is reduced.

Further, since the side portion of the traveling vehicle 16 on which this kind of blowing robot 14 is mounted has a relatively large space, this portion can be effectively utilized.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show the lining layer 1 according to the present invention.
A second embodiment of the apparatus for forming 0 is shown, and the same or corresponding parts as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and only the characteristic points will be described below.

The forming apparatus shown in these figures includes a blowing vehicle 16a on which a blowing robot 14 is mounted, and a forming apparatus 1
80 are separated from the formwork vehicle 16b. The formwork device 180 includes a pair of left and right formwork 180a, 180b,
An arm 180c rotatably supported by the formwork vehicle 16b in the vertical direction.

The left form 180a has one end fixed to the side surface of the arm 180c, and is supported by a telescopic cylinder 180d having a multi-tube structure which expands and contracts in the direction of the tunnel cross section. The right form 180c includes a support rod 180 having one end fixed to the side surface of the arm 180c and extending in the tunnel cross-sectional direction.
e.

In the apparatus for forming the lining layer 10 configured as described above, the arch-type lining layer 10a is formed by spraying the instantaneous cement-based lining material A onto the arch portion of the inner wall surface 12 of the tunnel. At the same time, formwork 180a, 180b is installed on both sides of tunnel inner wall surface 12, and hardened cement-based lining material B is cast, and side lining layers 10b, 10c connected to arch surface lining layer 10a are formed. Form.

In this embodiment, since the spraying vehicle 16a on which the spraying robot 14 is mounted and the formwork vehicle 16b holding the formwork device 180 are separated, the respective traveling vehicles 16a according to the work situation. , 16b can be operated, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

That is, in the forming apparatus shown in the first embodiment, the formwork device 18 is attached to the traveling vehicle 16 on which the spraying robot 14 is mounted. When extended, the length of the formwork 18a becomes longer and its support structure becomes complicated. However, in the case of this embodiment, since the formwork vehicle 16b can be operated independently, for example,
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the left and right molds 180a and 180b can be installed so as to be in contact with the face.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show the lining layer 1 according to the present invention.
A third embodiment of the apparatus for forming a 0 is shown, and the same or corresponding parts as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the characteristic points will be described below.

In the forming apparatus shown in these figures, the first and second form vehicles 160b, 160b, 1
60b. Formwork 18 of each formwork device 180
0a and 180b are supported by an arm 180c provided rotatably in the vertical direction via a support rod 180d.

In the apparatus for forming the lining layer 10 configured as described above, the cement-based lining material A having an instantaneous setting is sprayed on the arch portion of the inner wall surface 12 of the tunnel to form the arch surface lining layer 10a. At the same time, formwork 180a, 180b is installed on both sides of tunnel inner wall surface 12, and hardened cement-based lining material B is cast, and side lining layers 10b, 10c connected to arch surface lining layer 10a are formed. Form.

In the case of this embodiment, the spray vehicle 16a
And the first and second formwork vehicles 160b and 160b, which individually hold the left and right formwork devices 180, are three in total. Therefore, by driving each traveling vehicle according to the work situation, further work is performed. Helps improve efficiency.

[0045]

As described above in detail in the embodiments,
According to the method and apparatus for forming a lining layer according to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously improve the working environment and economy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a construction state of a first embodiment of an apparatus for forming a lining layer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing a second embodiment of the apparatus for forming a lining layer according to the present invention in a construction state.

FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a construction state of a lining layer forming apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention in a construction state.

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 lining layer 10a arch surface lining layer 10b, 10c side lining layer 12 tunnel inner wall surface 14 spraying robot 16 running vehicle 16a spraying vehicle 16b formwork vehicle 18,180 formwork apparatus 18a, 180a formwork A Cementitious lining material B Rapid hardening cementitious lining material

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Koichiro Sawa 2-3 Kanda Tsukamachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F-term (reference) 2D055 BB02 DA00 DB00 KA08

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method for forming a lining layer made of a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar on an excavated tunnel inner wall surface immediately after excavation, comprising: Spraying a system lining material to form an arch surface lining layer; installing a formwork on both sides of the inner wall surface of the tunnel; casting the cement lining material; A method for forming a lining layer, comprising forming a side lining layer that leads to the following. 2. The method for forming a lining layer according to claim 1, wherein a hardening agent is added to a cement-based lining material cast into the mold. 3. An apparatus for forming a lining layer made of a cement-based lining material such as concrete or mortar on an excavated tunnel inner wall surface immediately after excavation, wherein an instantaneous setting cement-based lining is applied to the entire surface of the tunnel inner wall surface. A spraying robot capable of spraying material, and a mold installed on both sides of the inner wall surface of the tunnel,
A formwork device for casting a hardened cement-based lining material to form a side lining layer; and a side of a traveling vehicle on which the spraying robot is mounted and which moves along an axial direction of a tunnel to be excavated. An apparatus for forming a lining layer, wherein the formwork device is attached to a part. 4. The lining layer according to claim 3, wherein the traveling vehicle is separated into a blowing vehicle on which the blowing robot is mounted and a form vehicle holding the form device. Forming equipment. 5. The formwork device includes a pair of left and right formwork which are respectively installed on left and right sides of the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and holds the left and right formwork individually to the formwork vehicle. The apparatus for forming a lining layer according to claim 4, wherein the lining layer is formed.