JP2000041513A - Floor mat for livestock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a safe floor mat for livestock excellent in air and water permeabilities, antifungal and antimicrobial properties and useful for the prophylaxis of mastitis of cows, or the like, without making the livestock slip with wash water by providing a hard cotton layer having a surface hardness within a specific range and a prescribed value or below of the water permeability. SOLUTION: This floor mat has a hard cotton layer having 60-98 surface hardness measured with an F type hardness tester and antifungal and/or antimicrobial properties and containing 20-60 wt.% of heat bonding fibers and has <=120s water permeability. The mat for livestock is preferably reinforced by holding base fabrics among the plural hard cotton layers and further preferably provided with a mat cover of a woven or a knitted fabric having the antifungal and/or antimicrobial properties.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floor mat for livestock such as cows, and more particularly, to a livestock floor mat having excellent water permeability, and the livestock such as cows slipping by washing water such as manure of manure or manure during cleaning. The present invention relates to a livestock floor mat which is difficult and can prevent the occurrence of mold which is considered to be a cause of mastitis in livestock, and further has an antibacterial property.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, livestock mats have been used as a carrier of trucks for transporting livestock such as barns and cows. This is because cattle and other livestock tend to hurt their feet, and if the symptoms are severe, they can lead to death. Therefore, conventional livestock floor mats are provided with various shapes such as providing irregularities in order to enhance the anti-slip function. However, since the shape is complicated, manure and the like are often caught, and washing water such as manure during the washing is more likely to accumulate, so that the livestock is more likely to slip.

As a method for solving this problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
There is a livestock mat described in -203792. This method is characterized in that a plurality of grooves extending in the same direction are arranged on a top surface of a flat mat body in a groove width direction orthogonal to the groove length direction. However, this method is disadvantageous in that the processing is complicated, the material used for the mat is a soft rubber or the like, and the weight is considerably heavy. As a method for imparting air permeability and water permeability, JP-A-8-1
No. 49935 describes a floor mat for livestock. This method consists of two layers of front and back knitted fabric and connecting yarns, which imparts breathability and water permeability.However, since the knitted fabric is used, manure can be completely absorbed into the fiber. It cannot be washed and it is difficult to avoid mold.

[0004]

It is excellent in water permeability and prevents livestock from slipping due to washing water of livestock manure or manure at the time of cleaning, and furthermore, the occurrence of mold which is considered to be a cause of mastitis in livestock. It is another object of the present invention to provide a livestock floor mat which can prevent the occurrence of an animal.

[0005]

The livestock floor mat of the present invention has the following structure to solve the above-mentioned problems. 1. It has a hard cotton layer with a surface hardness of 60 to 98 and a water permeability of 1
Livestock floor mats for 20 seconds or less. 2. 2. The livestock floor mat according to the above item 1, wherein the hard cotton layer has antifungal property and / or antibacterial property. 3. The livestock floor mat according to the above item 1 or 2, wherein the hard cotton layer contains 20 to 60% by weight of a thermoadhesive fiber. 4. The livestock floor mat according to any one of the above items 1 to 3, reinforced by holding a base cloth between the plurality of hard cotton layers. 5. 2. The livestock floor mat according to the above 1, which has a woven or knitted mat cover having antifungal and / or antibacterial properties.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a livestock floor mat according to the present invention will be described in detail. The surface hardness of the hard cotton in the present invention is determined by an F-type hardness meter, and is 60 to 9
8, more preferably 80 to 95. When the livestock such as a cow sits or stands, the front or rear legs 2
The whole book takes weight. Therefore, if the surface hardness is less than 60, the problem of abrasion occurs due to the claws of livestock as the period of use becomes longer.

Further, the water permeability is measured in accordance with the measuring method described in the following text for 120 seconds or less, preferably 90 seconds or less.
More preferably, it is 60 seconds or less. If the time is longer than 120 seconds, water for cleaning manure or manure accumulates on the mat, mold is likely to occur, and bacteria are easily propagated, resulting in a poor living environment for livestock.

[0008] As a method of forming a hard cotton layer, a surface hardness of 6
Although it is not particularly limited as long as it can be set to 0 or more, it is preferable to perform heat setting, for example, a method of laminating a web passed through a card by a cross layer and heat setting, a method of mechanically setting a web by a needle punch or the like before heat setting. Method of heat setting by entanglement, preventing peeling,
There is a method of laminating webs and heat setting.

The fibers applied to the hard cotton layer of the present invention may be any of natural fibers, inorganic fibers, regenerated fibers and synthetic fibers, but are preferably fibers mainly composed of synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers and polyolefin fibers. It is.

The synthetic fiber forming the hard cotton layer in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the fineness is 1.
Polyester short fibers having a denier of 5 to 100, preferably 2 to 20 and a fiber length of 10 to 100 mm, preferably 50 to 80 mm are suitable. Fineness is less than 1.5 denier or more than 100 denier, cut length is 1
If the thickness is less than 0 mm or more than 100 mm, productivity at the time of forming a web or a laminate before forming hard cotton tends to be poor.

It is preferable that the fibers forming the hard cotton layer be crimped. Although this crimp is not particularly limited, it is preferable in order to improve the card passing property for forming a web or a web laminate and the operability in forming a sheet. The method for imparting crimp is not particularly limited, and asymmetric cooling treatment may be performed at the time of yarn production to perform three-dimensional crimping or mechanical crimping. In order to improve the operability, the number of crimps is 5 to 30 pieces / inch, preferably 10 to 2 pieces.
0 pieces / inch, the degree of crimp is preferably 5 to 40%, more preferably 10 to 35%.

The cross section of the fiber forming the hard cotton layer may be a solid fiber, a hollow fiber or a fiber having a modified cross section. The thickness of the hard cotton layer is preferably about 1 to 40 mm, more preferably 2 to 30 mm.

As a method for imparting antifungal and antibacterial properties to the hard cotton layer in the present invention, known methods can be employed. It is preferable to use an antifungal fiber or an antibacterial fiber containing an agent or an antibacterial agent. The content of the antifungal fiber and / or the antibacterial fiber in the hard cotton layer is preferably 10 to 80% by weight, more preferably 30 to 70% by weight.

As a method of imparting the antifungal and antibacterial properties, a method of kneading a fungicide or an antibacterial agent at the time of spinning or a method of applying a hard cotton layer and then applying it by post-processing are available. In this case, the kneading method is preferable because the antifungal property and the antibacterial property are easily deteriorated by washing with excrement or the like during cleaning and cleaning with a mop. Examples of the fiber having a fungicidal function and an antibacterial property include those to which a fungicide such as thiazobenzimidazole is added, and JP-A-9-157.
Fibers such as those shown in No. 111, fibers into which an antibacterial agent such as silver or zinc is kneaded are preferable. When the content of the antifungal fiber and the antibacterial fiber in the hard cotton layer is less than 10% by weight, the antifungal and antibacterial properties tend to be insufficient,
On the other hand, if it exceeds 80% by weight, the content of the heat-adhesive fiber becomes small, so that a sufficient surface hardness may not be obtained.

[0015] The thermoadhesive fibers suitable for forming the hard cotton layer of the animal floor mat are preferably 20 to 60 fibers in the hard cotton layer.
% By weight. More preferably, 20 to 40% by weight
It is. Although it depends on the heat treatment conditions in thermoforming, if it is less than 20% by weight, it is difficult to secure hardness, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, air permeability tends to be low, and air permeability and water permeability tend to be poor.
Further, the heat-adhesive fiber is a core-sheath type fiber and the sheath component is 30%.
And the melting point of the sheath component is from 70 ° C. to 20% by weight.
Those at 0 ° C. are preferred. A heat-adhesive fiber or a fiber for hard cotton containing a fungicide or an antibacterial agent in the sheath component of the core-sheath fiber can also be used for the hard cotton layer.

The livestock floor mat according to the present invention may be composed of a plurality of webs laminated on each other and heat-set hard cotton alone. A configuration in which a cloth is put can also be used. As dairy cows grow, the cow mats need to be close to 2 meters in length, which can bend when carrying. For this reason, sandwiching the base cloth for reinforcement is an effective means. As the base fabric at this time, a fabric made of natural fibers, inorganic fibers, regenerated fibers, synthetic fibers, or the like or a film-like fabric can be used. However, the base fabric is selected so that the water permeability of the mat is maintained at 120 seconds or less.
The thickness of the mat is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 5 to 30 mm from the viewpoint of the effect of the mat and economy. Further, a mat cover made of a woven or knitted fabric having antifungal or antibacterial properties may be attached to the mat for use.

[0017]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The method for measuring the characteristics described in the present invention is as follows. [Water permeability] Outer diameter 89 mm, inner diameter 78 mm, height 74 mm
A sample cut to a diameter of 89 mm between two stainless steel cylinders is sandwiched so that water does not leak from the connection point,
200 ml of pure water was poured without spilling within 2 seconds, water was sampled at the lower part, and the time until it passed 195 ml was measured.

[Surface hardness] The surface hardness was measured using an F-type hardness meter of Asker rubber hardness meter manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd. [Wear resistance by Taber method] Wear wheel H-2 using a Taber ablation tester manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho
2. 200 rotations at a rotation speed of 70 rpm and a load of 1000 g. The weight of the sample before and after that was measured to determine the amount of reduction. The fibers that became pills after abrasion were removed with scissors.

[Mold resistance] MIL STD 810D
Method 508-3 modified method was adopted, and the following 62
Seed mix mold was used. Inoculated directly from the mixed spore suspension by the wet method, and potato dextrose agar medium (P
DA, chloramphenicol, etc. without antibiotics)
Temperature 30 ° C ± 5 ° C, Humid 95% ± 5% RH, Wind speed 60c
Culture was performed for 28 days at m / sec. The evaluation was made according to the following five grades. 0: No mold development is observed. 1: There is a slight growth of mold. 2. There is a little mold development. 3: There is considerable mold growth. 4: Mold growth is intense.

The mold used was the following mold. Negrospora Oryzae Cladosporium Regine, Cladosporium Herbalem, Cladosporium Cladosporioidas, Cladosporium Safaerosperama, Trichoderma Koningi, Trichoderma T-
1. Trichoderma Viridi, Forma Gromelata, Forma Terestiers, Pluralia Purrance, Gliocladium Vilens, Geotricum Lactus, Geotricum Candidum, Pestalozia Adasta, Pestalozia Negrekta, Milotesium Ferkalia, Alternaria Tenas, Alternaria Brassi Alternaria Alternata, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus felicole, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus fumigatas, Aureobasidium prunuls, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium semitectamium, Fusarium fustamium
Roseum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus niglicans, Rhizopus stronifer, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium ikupansa, Penicillium funiculosam, Penicillium relacinum, Penicillium nigricans, Penicillium fraecium, Euronica selenium, Penicillium selenium, Penicillium selenium Trichofeton mentagrophytes, Monilia fructigana, ketomium globosam, epicoccum purple, acremonium charticola, waremia sebi, candita albicans,
Streptfetecilium reticalem, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus
Megaterium, Staphylococcus ole, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas flurensens, Salmonella typhimariam, Escherichia coli, Botrytis cinerea, Proteus valgaris.
Each of these molds was stored at 6 ° C. ± 4 ° C.
It was a pure culture of subculture or a stock culture within days.

[Antibacterial activity] The procedure was based on the Manual for Quantitative Antibacterial Testing Method for Textile Products, which was established by the Evaluation Committee for New Functions of Textile Products. That is, the following test bacteria 1 ± 0.3 × 10 ⁵ cells / ml were added to the sterilized nutrient broth at a 1/20 concentration.
Is uniformly inoculated into a 0.4 g sample and incubated at 37 ° C. for 18 hours. After completion of the culture, the test bacteria are washed out, and a pour plate agar medium is prepared with the liquid, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 to 48 hours, and the number of viable bacteria is measured. As for the unprocessed product, the test bacteria are washed out immediately after inoculation, and a pour plate agar medium is prepared from the solution, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24-48 hours to measure the number of inoculated viable bacteria. The antibacterial activity is evaluated by a bacteriostatic activity value according to the following formula. The higher the bacteriostatic activity value, the better the antibacterial property. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus was used as the test bacterium.
(Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P) was used. Bacteriostatic activity value = Log (B)-Log (C) However, test establishment condition: Log (B)-Log (A)>
Meet 1.5. A: Average value of the number of bacteria collected immediately after inoculation of the raw product B: Average value of the number of bacteria collected and cultured for 18 hours of the raw product C: Average value of the number of bacteria collected and cultured for 18 hours of the processed product

Example 1 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, sodium 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4
-Methylsulfonylpyridine, N, N-dimethyl-
N′-phenyl-N′-dichlorofluoromethylthiosulfamide, jodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone,
Polyester fiber containing a fungicide containing 2- (n-octyl) -4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2- (4-thiazolyl) -1H-benzimidazole and methyl 1H-2-benzimidazole carbamate as active ingredients 6 denier, cut length 76 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 23%
35% polyester fiber with 35% hollow ratio, 15 denier, cut length 76mm, crimp number 10 / inch, degree of crimp 29%, 35% polyester fiber with 35% hollow ratio, core-sheath structure And the core / sheath ratio is 50/50,
A card web was prepared by blending 35% by weight of heat-bonded fiber having a sheath having a melting point of 130 ° C. In addition, the basis weight is 200
0g / m ² layered with a cross layer, 16
Heat setting was performed at 0 ° C. for 5 minutes so that the thickness became 10 mm, and a floor mat for livestock was obtained. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of this mat.

Example 2 The same mold-proof polyester fiber as in Example 1 except that the cut length was 64 mm, 30% by weight, 15 denier, cut length 76 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp A card web was prepared by mixing 35% by weight of 29% polyester fiber having a hollow ratio of 35%, and 35% by weight of the same heat bonding fiber as in Example 1. Further, the web was obtained by laminating with a cross layer so that the basis weight became 600 g / m ² . 20% by weight of the above-mentioned anti-mold polyester fiber, 15 denier, cut length 76m
m, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 29%, hollowness 35
% Polyester fiber and 45% by weight of the above-mentioned heat bonding fiber were mixed to prepare a card web. Further, the web was obtained by laminating with a cross layer so that the basis weight became 1400 g / m ² . A polypropylene fabric is sandwiched between the two webs, and mechanical confounding is applied by needle punch at a needle density of 552 needles / square inch, and 1
Heat setting was performed at 50 ° C. for 6 minutes to obtain a livestock floor mat having a thickness of 10 mm. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of this mat.

Example 3 6 denier, cut length 76 m
m, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 23%, hollowness 35
% Polyester fiber 30% by weight, 15 denier, cut length 76 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 29
35% by weight of a polyester fiber having a hollow ratio of 35%, a core / sheath structure, a core / sheath ratio of 50/50, and a melting point of a sheath portion of 130 ° C., and 35% by weight of heat-bonded fiber. , And made a card web. 2000g / m
Laminated with a cross layer so that it becomes ² , 5 at 160 ° C
After heat setting for 10 minutes, the thickness was adjusted to 10 mm to obtain a floor mat for livestock. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of this mat.

Example 4 6 denier, cut length 76 m
m, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 23%, hollowness 35
% Polyester fiber 30% by weight, 15 denier, cut length 76 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 29
40% by weight of a polyester fiber having a hollow ratio of 35%, a core / sheath structure, a core / sheath ratio of 50/50, and a melting point of a sheath portion of 130 ° C. Then, a card web was prepared and further laminated by a cross layer so that the basis weight became 600 g / m ² to obtain a web. Also, 6 denier, cut length 64 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, 20% by weight of polyester fiber having a degree of crimp 23% and hollowness 35%, 15 denier, cut length 76 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, 45% by weight of a polyester fiber having a shrinkage of 29% and a hollow ratio of 35%, a core / sheath structure, a core / sheath ratio of 50/50, and a heat bonding fiber having a melting point of a sheath of 130 ° C. of 35% by weight. % Carded cotton to prepare a card web, which was further laminated with a cross layer so that the basis weight was 1400 g / m ² to obtain a web. A polypropylene base cloth is sandwiched between the two webs, and the needle density is 552 needles / 1.
Mechanical confounding by needle punch in square inch,
Heat setting was performed at 150 ° C. for 6 minutes to obtain a livestock floor mat having a thickness of 10 mm. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of this mat.

Comparative Example 1 6 denier, cut length 76 m
m, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 23%, hollowness 35
% Polyester fiber 30% by weight, 15 denier, cut length 76 mm, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 29
55% by weight of polyester fiber having a hollow ratio of 35%, a core / sheath structure having a core / sheath ratio of 50/50, and 15% by weight of a heat bonding fiber having a melting point of 130 ° C. in a sheath portion. , And made a card web. Furthermore, the basis weight is 1000 g / m.
Laminated with a cross layer so that it becomes ² , 5 at 160 ° C
After heat setting for 30 minutes, a thickness of 30 mm was obtained to obtain a floor mat for livestock. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of this mat.

Comparative Example 2 A livestock floor mat was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the polypropylene base cloth sandwiched between the two webs was replaced with a polyester film. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of this mat.

[0028]

[Table 1]

Example 5 6 denier, cut length 76 m
m, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 23%, hollowness 35
% Polyester fiber, 0.1% by weight of a quaternary ammonium salt-based antibacterial agent (DC5700, manufactured by Dow Corning Co.) was added and heated at 160 ° C. for 2 minutes. The cut length is 76 mm, the number of crimps is 10 / inch, the degree of crimp is 29%, the hollow fiber ratio is 15% by weight, and the core / sheath ratio is 50/50. An adhesive fiber having a melting point of 130 ° C. was mixed with 35% by weight to prepare a card web. Further, they were laminated with a cross layer so that the basis weight became 2000 g / m ^2, and heat-set at 160 ° C. for 5 minutes so that the thickness became 10 mm, thereby obtaining a floor mat for livestock. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the mat.

Example 6 Silver-A type zeolite particles having an average particle diameter of 1.1 μm and carrying 5% of silver as an antibacterial agent were kneaded into polyester fiber so as to be 1% by weight, and cut into 6 deniers. Antibacterial polyester fiber having a length of 64 mm, a number of crimps of 10 / inch, a degree of crimp of 23%, and a hollow ratio of 35% is 3
0% by weight, 15 denier, cut length 76mm, number of crimps 1
0 / inch, 15% by weight of a polyester fiber having a crimp degree of 29% and a hollow ratio of 35%, a core / sheath structure, and a core / sheath ratio of 5
A card web was prepared by mixing 35% by weight of an adhesive fiber having a sheath portion of 0/50 and a melting point of 130 ° C. Further, the layers were laminated with a cross layer so that the basis weight became 2000 g / m ^2, and heat set at 160 ° C. for 5 minutes, and the thickness was 10 mm.
And a livestock floor mat. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the mat.

Comparative Example 3 6 denier, cut length 76 m
m, number of crimps 10 / inch, degree of crimp 23%, hollowness 35
85% polyester fiber by weight, having a core-sheath structure,
An adhesive fiber having a core / sheath ratio of 50/50 and a sheath having a melting point of 130 ° C. was mixed with 15% by weight to prepare a card web. Further, the sheets were laminated with a cross layer so that the basis weight became 1500 g / m ^2, and heat set at 160 ° C. for 5 minutes so that the thickness became 10 mm, thereby obtaining a floor mat for livestock.
Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the mat.

Example 7 A livestock floor mat was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the hollow antibacterial fiber used in Example 6 was used. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the mat.

[0033]

[Table 2]

Example 8 The ratio of the polyester fiber (3 denier, cut length 76 mm) containing 1% by weight of the fungicide used in Example 1 to the regular polyester fiber (2 denier, cut length 76 mm) was 50%. / 50 of 4
From the 0th spun yarn to a tricot knitted fabric (with a basis weight of 300g /
m ² ) of the mat cover was obtained. When this mat cover was attached to the mat of Example 3 and the anti-mold property was evaluated,
The evaluation value was 0, and excellent antifungal property was recognized.

Example 9 The ratio of the polyester fiber (3 denier, cut length 76 mm) containing 5% by weight of the antibacterial agent used in Example 6 to the regular polyester fiber (2 denier, cut length 76 mm) was 50 /. 50 of 40
From count spun yarn to tricot knitted fabric (basis weight 300g / m ² )
I got a mat cover. When this mat cover was attached to the mat of Example 3 and the antibacterial property was evaluated, the antibacterial activity value was 3.3, and excellent antibacterial property was recognized.

[0036]

According to the present invention, the use of the hard cotton having a specific surface hardness in the present invention makes it possible to prevent the livestock from slipping due to washing water and is safer than a rubber sheet or a flat mat.
In addition, hard cotton has good air permeability and water permeability, and does not collect washing water such as manure or manure at the time of cleaning, and can be cleaned. In addition, floor mats provided with antifungal and antibacterial properties can prevent mastitis in cattle and the like.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A surface hardness measured by an F type hardness tester is 60 to 98.
A livestock floor mat, having a hard cotton layer having a water permeability of 120 seconds or less. 2. The livestock floor mat according to claim 1, wherein the hard cotton layer has antifungal and / or antibacterial properties. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hard cotton layer comprises a heat-adhesive fiber of 20 to 60.
The livestock floor mat according to claim 1 or 2, which is contained by weight. 4. The livestock floor mat according to claim 1, wherein the base mat is reinforced by holding a base fabric between the plurality of hard cotton layers. 5. The livestock floor mat according to claim 1, further comprising a woven / knitted mat cover having antifungal and / or antibacterial properties.