JP2000038193A - Automatic loading device for bulk cargo carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently load a bulk cargo while maintaining a stable attitude without tilting a hull by separately delivering the bulk cargo to the right and left shuttle conveyors, and optionally changing the distribution ratio of the split bulk cargos. SOLUTION: When a large quantity of a bulk cargo is dropped into a second chute 55 and the quantity of the bulk cargo loaded into a cargo hold from a shift conveyor 61 through a shuttle conveyor is larger than the quantity of the bulk cargo loaded into another cargo hold, a distribution chute 67 is moved in parallel to the upper side of the second chute 55. Part of the bulk cargo dropped toward the second chute 55 is guided to a first chute 53 side by one slant wall 67a of the distribution chute 67, and a large quantity of the bulk cargo is sent to a cargo hold having a smaller distribution quantity. In the opposite case, the distribution chute 67 is moved in parallel to the upper side of the first chute 53, and the bulk cargo is guided to the second chute 55 side by another slant wall 67b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic loading apparatus capable of continuously and in a well-balanced manner loading bulk materials supplied from a land side to one place on a ship into a cargo hold in a hull.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Amorphous solid cargoes composed of ores, coals, limestones, wood chips, grains, cement, and other small lumps, granules, and powders, ie, bulk carriers for transporting bulk materials by sea, are mainly used in bulk carriers. Those navigating along the coastal area often have to carry out cargo handling work on berths with small or incomplete harbor handling equipment.

[0003] For this purpose, the cargo hold is hatched, and the cargo is directly loaded by a land-side loading machine. The unloading is carried out by equipment on the ship side, and an automatic loading device is provided on the bulk carrier, or the loading and unloading is performed. It has been practiced to equip a bulk carrier with both an automatic loading device and an automatic unloading device so that both are performed by equipment on the ship side.

As an example of the above-mentioned automatic unloading device, as shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C, particularly as shown in FIG.
The bottom of a cargo hold 83 extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull formed inside the hold 82 of the hull 81 has a hopper shape, and is loaded into the cargo hold 83 by a dispenser 86 that reciprocates along a flat bottom wall 84. The loose bulk is scraped off and dropped below the bottom wall 84, the loose bulk is placed on the first conveyor 87 extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull along the bottom of the ship, and sent to the bow side, and then near the bottom of the ship. From the upper deck 85 to a second conveyor 88 which extends above the upper deck 85, sends the bulk material to above the upper deck 85, and further lays on a boom 90 which is supported on the upper deck 85 so as to be able to undulate and pivot. Some of them are unloaded at specified places on the wharf.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8A, there is a method in which a cargo hold 83 is hatched and a bulk material is directly loaded into the cargo hold 83 by a land-side loading machine. As shown in FIGS. 8 (B) and 8 (C), two shuttle conveyors 91 capable of reciprocating in the longitudinal direction of the hull and capable of reversing the transport direction are provided on the upper deck 85, and are reciprocated. Receiving hopper 92 installed at the midpoint of the section
There is an automatic loading device that loads bulk materials from a land-side loading machine into a cargo hold 83 from the front and rear ends of the bulk material by a shuttle conveyor 91.

[0006]

In the bulk carrier shown in FIG. 8A, a chute provided at the tip of a loading machine arranged on a pier is inserted into a cargo hold 83 from a hatch 93 and conveyed by a conveyor. The stacking is performed by dropping loose materials from the chute. In this case, the entire loading machine is moved along the hull 81 so as to prevent the inclination of the hull 81 due to uneven load by uniformly charging the cargo hold 83 extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull, or to move the chute at the tip. It is necessary to move the inside of the cargo hold 83 to carry out the loading while balancing the load. Therefore, not only is a large and complicated loading machine required, but also the operation is troublesome because the moving operation is performed while monitoring the loading condition, and the wharf that can be loaded while berthing is greatly limited. .

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8 (B) and 8 (C), a shuttle conveyor 91 is arranged on the left and right sides to supply bulk materials from the land side to the intermediate point. Since it is sufficient to put the bulk material in the receiving hopper 92 installed in the shore, a small, simple and easy-to-operate land-side loading machine can be used. In this case, if two loaders are used in correspondence with the two shuttle conveyors 91, loading can be performed continuously while keeping the load balanced. The wharf is severely limited and the provision of two loaders for such an automatic loading device is burdensome.

In addition, in the case where the bulk material is alternately supplied to the two shuttle conveyors 91 and loaded by one loading machine, the loading into the receiving hopper 92 must be frequently switched in order to balance the load. In addition, there is a problem that the operation of the loading machine is troublesome and the conveyor of the loading machine is stopped during that time, so that the efficiency of the cargo handling operation is low.

By the way, when the shuttle conveyor 91 conveys bulk materials in a stopped state and puts it into the cargo hold 83 from one location to form a pile of a required height, the shuttle conveyor 91 moves slightly to form a pile at an adjacent location. Is known as a machine that repeats the above-mentioned operation and performs a stowage. An example in which a shuttle conveyor is used for stowage of bulk materials is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-239264. And such a shuttle conveyor 9
The two cargo ships 1 are arranged in the left and right sides near the upper deck 85 of the bulk carrier and are loaded in the cargo hold 83.
Can be stacked without leaving a large space at the top for single-row structures that extend in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and can be stacked as they are for two-row structures that are divided into left and right. It has the advantage that it can be attached.

The present invention relates to a bulk carrier equipped with an automatic loading device provided with two shuttle conveyors having the above-mentioned advantages, and the loading of bulk materials depends on the number of land-side loading machines, switching operation, and the like. The purpose of this is to solve the problem that the wharf that can be docked is limited or the efficiency of cargo handling is low, and bulk materials are put into one receiving hopper from the land side and then It can be distributed to the main shuttle conveyor properly and can be loaded while balancing the load.Therefore, if there is one simple loading machine on the land side, it can be loaded continuously to realize efficient cargo handling. The loading device is intended to be provided on a bulk carrier.

[0011]

That is, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a shuttle conveyor on both sides of the hull and a single receiving hopper for receiving bulk goods sent from the land side. The bulk material put into the hopper is divided into two and transferred to the left and right shuttle conveyors, respectively, and the distribution ratio of the divided bulk material can be arbitrarily changed.

As described above, since there is only one receiving hopper on the ship, only one land-side loading machine is needed, and the loading and unloading equipment can be loaded even on a small or incomplete wharf.
By separating the bulk material into two and transferring it to the left and right shuttle conveyors, continuous loading can be performed. In addition, by arbitrarily changing the distribution ratio of bulk materials delivered to the two shuttle conveyors, load into the cargo hold while maintaining the load balance and maintain the hull in a stable posture for efficient loading Now you can do it.

Further, in the present invention, in addition to the above, the flow rate of the bulk material sent from the receiving hopper to the dividing means is adjusted. By this flow rate adjusting means, the bulk material fed into the receiving hopper can be fed into the cargo hold while the predetermined distribution ratio is maintained at a constant rate by sending the bulk material in a substantially constant amount.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2 show a bulk carrier equipped with an automatic loading device according to the present invention. In the interior of a hold 2 formed from near the bow to near the stern of the hull 1, two cargo holds long in the longitudinal direction of the hull divided by bulkheads 3 installed on the center line of the hull. 4, 5 have been built.

The bottom of each of these cargo holds 4, 5 is formed in a hopper shape, and the dispensing machine 11 is supported inside a cover body 8, 9 erected above its flat bottom surfaces 6, 7 so as to be able to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction of the hull. , 13 rotating vanes 12, 14 are held in cargo holds 4, 5
The bulk material loaded in the container is forcibly scraped toward the center of rotation, and is dropped from the slit-shaped outlets 15, 16 below the cargo holds 4, 5 to be taken out.

Below the bottom surfaces 6 and 7, first conveyors 17 and 1 extending in the front-rear direction of the hull and constituted by belt conveyors are provided.
8, which receives the bulk material falling from the discharge ports 15, 16, conveys it to the bow side, and vertically moves by the relay conveyors 19, 20 which are belt conveyors installed in the bow side space of the hold 2. A third conveyor 23, which is a belt conveyor installed on a boom 22 supported on a boom 22 that is transferred to a single second conveyor 21 composed of a belt conveyor, conveyed above the upper deck 10, and further pivotally supported on the upper deck 10 so as to be able to move up and down. To land at a specified location on the wharf.

The dispensers 11, 13 and the first conveyor 1
7, 18, relay conveyors 19, 20, second conveyor 2
The first and third conveyors 23 are automatic unloading devices on the ship side, and an example of a basic configuration thereof is described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-33196.

Next, the automatic loading device according to the present invention will be described. The cargo loading device is located above the center lines of the two cargo holds 4, 5 which are divided into left and right with the center line of the hull 1 interposed therebetween. Hoods 25 and 26 each having a length extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull of each of the cargo holds 4 and 5 are constructed on the upper deck 10, and are positioned on the respective center lines and extend over the entire length of the cargo holds 4 and 5. Slit-like input ports 27 and 28 having a length are provided so that the cargo holds 4 and 5 communicate with the hoods 25 and 26.

In each of the hoods 25 and 26, there is provided a shuttle conveyor 29 in which trucks 32 and 34 are provided with belt conveyors 31 and 33 slightly longer than half the length of the cargo holds 4 and 5 in the longitudinal direction of the hull. , 30 are arranged to be able to travel back and forth. The belt conveyors 31 and 33 are capable of reversing the conveying direction, and the received bulk materials are sent from the delivery ends located at one end of the cargo holds 4 and 5 to the cargo holds 4 and 5 through the input ports 27 and 28. When the pile is dropped and a pile of a predetermined height is formed, the operation of moving the carts 32 and 34 slightly to form a pile of a predetermined height adjacent to the destination pile is repeated. And
When piles are formed from the bow or stern side of the cargo holds 4, 5 to the middle part, the operation of reversing the conveying direction of the belt conveyors 31, 33 and sequentially forming piles of a predetermined height from the opposite ends is repeated. , To perform stowage.

Therefore, for example, one shuttle conveyor 2
9 starts loading in the cargo hold 4 from the bow end, the other shuttle conveyor 30 starts loading in the cargo hold 5 from the stern end, and adjusts the amount of input into the respective cargo holds 4 and 5. By making them equal, it is possible to carry out stowage while maintaining the load balance, and to maintain a stable posture without causing the hull 1 to have a trim leaning forward and backward and a heel tilting left and right.

The two shuttle conveyors 29,
The pile height detectors 35 and 36 are hung at the front and rear ends of each of the carts 32 and 34 of the vehicle 30.
It is located inside the cargo holds 4, 5 through 7, 28.
The detectors 35 and 36 gradually increase in height and come into contact with the inclined side surface, and emit an electric signal when tilted by a certain angle. Based on the electric signals from these sensors, it is determined that the pile having a predetermined height has been formed. Then, the carriages 32 and 34 are slightly moved. Further, if there is a certain time difference between the electric signals generated by the detectors 35 and 36 of the two shuttle conveyors 29 and 30, there is a fear that the load may be unbalanced and the hull 1 may be tilted. In such a case, the distribution ratio of the bulk material to be transferred to the two shuttle conveyors 29 and 30 is changed by the ratio changing means 66 described later, and the bulk materials of the predetermined height are formed almost simultaneously at the same time. Adjust the volume.

A receiving hopper 38 is installed above the upper deck 10 at an intermediate portion between the center and the stern of the hull 1 so as to approach one side, and a chute 39 formed below the receiving hopper 38.
Penetrates the base end of a slightly inclined cover body 49 extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull toward the center of the hull 1. A deck conveyor 50 composed of a belt conveyor is installed in the cover body 49, and the transport section of the deck conveyor 50 is gently inclined upward from a feed end below the lower end opening 40 of the chute 39, and In the central part, it extends over a sending end that faces the inside of a head housing 52 installed above the upper deck 10 approaching one of the sides.

Referring to FIG. 1B, receiving hopper 38
The inlet 41 at the top end is opened and closed by a lid 42, and is opened only when carrying out cargo handling work and accepts bulk materials conveyed by a land-side loader, but is closed at other times to prevent rainwater or seawater from flowing. Be kept out of the way.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a flow rate adjusting means 44 is provided at a lower portion of the wall forming chute 39, which is located on the front side in the transport direction of deck conveyor 50. ing. The flow rate adjusting means 44 has a lower end edge of a plate member 45 inserted into a trough-shaped feeding end portion of the deck conveyor 50 as an upwardly projecting arc edge 46 and a window at the center thereof. The hole 47 has a cut-out structure, and forms a part of the front wall of the chute 39. The arc edge 46 is thrown into the receiving hopper 38, passes through the chute 39, adjusts the shape of the bulk material placed on the feeding end of the deck conveyor 50, and transports the bulk material by a fixed amount. Further, the window hole 47 discharges and conveys a large amount of loose substances temporarily accumulated in the receiving hopper 38. In addition, Shoot 3
9, a weir plate 48 is disposed substantially in contact with the upper surface of the feeding end portion of the deck conveyor 50 with the plate member 45 interposed therebetween.
As a result, even if the bulk input from the land side is continued, it does not overflow.

Referring to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the delivery end of deck conveyor 50 is located at the upper part of head housing 52, and the loose materials discharged therefrom are transported in the bulk conveying direction of deck conveyor 50. A first chute 53 and a second chute 55 which are inclined obliquely downward toward the front and rear.
And a shift conveyor 59 comprising a belt conveyor having a feed end positioned below each discharge port.
Hand over to 61.

First shoot 53 and second shoot 55
The inclined bottom walls 54 and 56 for sliding down the loose objects are inclined in opposite directions as a boundary 57 on a center bisector common to the deck conveyor 50 and the head housing 52. Therefore, the deck conveyor 50 is shaped by the arc edge 46 of the flow rate adjusting means 44 and the deck conveyor 50 is provided with two inclined bottoms positioned on both sides of the boundary 57 as described above when the bulk material placed on the left and right sides is discharged as it is. The loose objects are equally divided into the walls 54 and 56 and fall. The head housing 52 having the first chute 53 and the second chute 55 at the lower part is provided with a dividing means for distributing the bulk material thrown into the receiving hopper 38 from the land side to the two shuttle conveyors 29 and 30. 51 are constituted.

Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2, two shift conveyors 59 and 61 have a built-in head housing 52, a cover body 49 and a hood 2.
5 and 26, which are built in a cover body 60 constructed above the upper deck 10 and extend in a direction crossing the hull 1, and two shuttle conveyors 2 are provided at the center of the hull 1.
The bulk materials are transferred to each of the belt conveyors 31 and 33 of 9, 30. Discharge ports of the first chute 53 and the second chute 55 are opened on the inlet end side of the cover body 60, and chutes with open discharge ports on the hoods 25 and 26 are provided on the discharge end side as necessary. Shift conveyor 5
The bulk materials conveyed at 9,61 are belt conveyors 31,3.
3 will be passed.

In the actual loading operation, depending on the type and condition of the bulk materials to be handled, they are not uniformly discharged on the deck conveyor 50 and discharged, but are discharged one-sided and distributed unevenly to the two chutes 53 and 55. Sometimes.
When the receiving hoppers 38 are stacked and installed on the head housing 52 due to the arrangement of various facilities installed on the upper deck 10, when the receiving hoppers 38 are put into the receiving hoppers 38 from the land-side loading machines. The thing is two shoots 5
3, 55, it is likely to be unevenly distributed. Due to these, the two shuttle conveyors 29, 30
It is inevitable that there will be a difference between the left and right hull stowage due to the seawater. Also, it has been confirmed that a load difference of 30 tons on the left and right causes a heel phenomenon with a tilt angle of 1 degree on a bulk carrier with a displacement of 10,000 tons. It is clear that this leads to

When such a load imbalance occurs between the left and right hulls, it is necessary to distribute the hull 1 in a large amount to the smaller distribution amount to maintain the hull 1 in a posture without inclination. Left and right shuttle conveyors 29, 30
And a ratio changing means 66 for arbitrarily changing the distribution ratio of the bulk material to be distributed.

The ratio changing means 66 is attached to the head housing 52 with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, and comprises a distribution chute 67 made of a triangular end member and an operating mechanism 71 thereof. . Distribution chute 67
Extends in a direction parallel to the center bisector of the deck conveyor 50, is located in front of the discharge end of the deck conveyor 50, above the entrances of the two chutes 53, 55, and has a head. Deck conveyor 5 of housing 52
It is inclined downward toward the deck conveyor 50 from the front wall facing 0. And this distribution chute 6
7 is in contact with the front wall of the head housing 52 at the high-side end, and the low-side end is fitted with a triangular beam member 69 having a triangular cut-out groove 68 formed in the head chute 52. Is supported by

The distribution chute 67 has a ridge line on a boundary 57 between the two chutes 53 and 55 in a normal state. Then, for example, the amount of the bulk material dropped onto the second chute 55 is large, and the bulk material loaded from the shift conveyor 61 via the shuttle conveyor 30 into the cargo hold 5 is larger than the bulk load amount into the other cargo hold 4. At this time, the distribution chute 67 is moved to the second chute 5 as shown in FIG.
5 is translated upward. As a result, a part of the bulk material falling toward the second chute 55 is guided toward the first chute 53 by the one inclined wall 67a of the distribution chute 67, and a large amount of bulk material is stored in the cargo hold 4 where the distribution amount is small. Will be sent. In the opposite case, as shown in FIG. 7B, the distribution chute 67 is moved in parallel to the upper side of the first chute 53 so that a part of the bulk material falling toward the first chute 53 is inclined to the other side. It is guided to the second chute 55 side by the wall 67b.

In addition, according to the illustrated embodiment in which the distribution chute 67 is inclined and installed as a triangular end face and the beam member 69 is also triangular in end face, it is possible to avoid the inconvenience that the bulk material is deposited on these.

An operating mechanism 71 for moving the distribution chute 67 in parallel is provided with a motor 72 with a speed reducer mounted on a shelf 70 protruding outward from one side of the head housing 52, and an electric motor 72 parallel to the boundary 57. A drive shaft 73 extending in an oblique direction;
It comprises two adjusting rods 74 penetrating the head housing 52 perpendicularly to the driving shaft 73 and a transmission gear device 75 for converting the rotation of the driving shaft 73 into linear motion of the adjusting rod 74. Numeral 74 penetrates the distribution chute 67 at both ends and translates the distribution chute by its linear movement.

The transmission gear device 75 may be provided with a pinion and a rack on the drive shaft 73 and the adjustment rod 74, respectively. However, a worm is provided on the drive shaft 73 and a rack is provided on the adjustment rod 74 to engage with each other. The use of a commonly used mechanism as a drilling machine feeding device in which a wheel and a pinion are coaxially provided has an advantage that a large reduction ratio is obtained and positioning of the distribution chute 67 is facilitated.

The drive shaft 73 is provided with a rotation detector 76 such as a potentiometer for detecting the number of rotations, and the adjustment rod 74 is provided with a stopper 77 for preventing the distribution chute 67 from running away. .

The two shuttle conveyors 2 described above
When there is a certain time difference or more in the electric signals emitted by the detectors 35 and 36 of 9 and 30, that is, when the height difference of the piles made by each of them becomes more than a certain amount, a large amount of bulk material is moved to the lower pile. The electric motor 72 is rotated so as to feed, and the distribution chute 76 is moved in parallel by a predetermined dimension. And
If the time difference of the next pile is within the predetermined value, the distribution chute 76 is fixed at the previous movement position, and if it is equal to or more than the predetermined distance, the distribution chute is further moved in parallel to further increase the amount of bulk materials to the lower pile. The order of the electric signals generated by the detectors 35 and 36 is reversed, and when the time difference becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value, the distribution chute 76 is translated in the opposite direction. The maximum moving distance of the distribution chute 76 is about half the width from the position where the ridge line is placed on the boundary line 57, and beyond that, the guiding action by the inclined walls 67a and 67b is meaningless.

By performing the above operation, when a load imbalance occurs between the right and left hulls, the distribution ratio is changed so that the imbalance is automatically eliminated while the bulk goods are being stowed, and the hull 1 is tilted. The stowage can be carried out while maintaining a stable posture without any gaps.

It should be noted that, even if the distribution chute 67 is manually moved in parallel instead of the electric motor 72 of the operating mechanism 71 instead of the handle, the loading can be performed while maintaining the load balance.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, the bulk materials received in one receiving hopper at a pier without large-scale cargo handling equipment are properly distributed to the right and left on the ship side, and the ship is stabilized without tilting the hull. The efficient stowage can be performed while maintaining the posture.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B are a schematic plan view and a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 (B).

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a portion of a receiving hopper in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a dividing unit and a ratio changing unit in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the ratio changing means.

8A and 8B are schematic cross-sectional views in the hull width direction illustrating different conventional examples, and FIG. 8C is a schematic cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the hull in the conventional example of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Hull, 4,5 Cargo hold, 29,30 Shuttle conveyor, 38 Receiving hopper, 44 Flow rate adjusting means, 50 Deck conveyor, 51 Dividing means, 5
3 First shot, 55 Second shot, 59, 6
1 shift conveyor, 66 ratio changing means,

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A vehicle is provided on the left and right sides of a cargo hold to reciprocate in a longitudinal direction of a hull and to be capable of reversing a conveying direction.
A shuttle conveyor for dropping bulk materials into the cargo hold, one receiving hopper into which bulk materials sent from the land side are to be loaded, and dividing means for bisecting the bulk materials loaded into the receiving hopper; A bulk conveyor, comprising: a shift conveyor for individually transferring the bulk material divided by the dividing means to the left and right shuttle conveyors; and a ratio changing unit for arbitrarily changing a distribution ratio of the bulk material. Automatic loading equipment. 2. An automatic loading apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting an amount of the bulk material sent from said receiving hopper to said dividing means. Automatic loading device. 3. The automatic loading device according to claim 1, wherein the shuttle conveyor includes a detecting unit that detects a height of a pile formed by the bulk material put into the cargo hold, and the shuttle unit changes the ratio. The means is operated by a motor driven based on a signal from the detection means in a direction to reduce a height difference between the piles formed by the left and right shuttle conveyors, and the automatic loading of the bulk carrier. apparatus. 4. The automatic loading device according to claim 1, further comprising a deck conveyor for sending the bulk material put into the receiving hopper to the dividing means, wherein the flow rate adjusting means is configured to receive the bulk material. An automatic loading apparatus for a bulk carrier, comprising: a hopper that is provided on a wall portion in front of the deck conveyor in the transport direction of the hopper and that adjusts the shape of the bulk material placed on the deck conveyor and transports the bulk material by a predetermined amount. 5. The dividing means comprises a head housing for receiving loose objects, and two chutes inclined obliquely downward in opposite directions with the center bisector at the boundary, and the ratio changing means comprises the boundary line. An end-faced distribution chute disposed above the entrances of the two chutes, and the distribution so that the distribution chute is moved in parallel to guide a part of the bulk toward one of the chutes to the other. The automatic loading device for a bulk carrier according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, further comprising an operating mechanism for moving the chute in parallel.