JP2000014252A - Sheet-shaped material for agriculture and horticulture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the extension of a decomposition period while keeping advantageous points of a nonwoven fabric or a sheet made of a biodegradable plastic fiber, or a pot formed of the same. SOLUTION: This sheet-shaped material 1 for agriculture and horticulture is prepared as follows: a core material 2 is prepared by forming small holes (preferably, 0.5 mm-1 mm) on a sheet-shaped film made of a biodegradable plastic or by making a nonwoven fabric from a biodegradable plastic fiber and subjecting it to a sheet forming process; and a layer 3 of a biodegradable plastic which is different from the biodegradable plastic of the core material regarding component or biodegradable timing is formed on the surface of the core material 2. The present invention further provides a synthetic resin-made pumice enabling the moisture keeping on the skin without lowering the function for scraping off the surface of a keratinized skin.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use which is widely used as a root-wrapping sheet when forming pots and planters or when transplanting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when raising seedlings or growing trees from seeds, a so-called "polypot" is formed by molding a synthetic resin sheet with a heated press mold, and the "polypot" is filled with soil and cultivated therein. Seedlings and grown seedlings and trees are supplied to consumers in "polypots".

[0003] A consumer who purchases a grown seedling or tree in a "polypot" carries the plant to a place where the plant is to be planted, removes the synthetic resin container here, and buries the root portion in a desired place. ing.

However, in the case of seedlings and trees placed in the above-mentioned conventional "polypot", the "polypot"
The roots are removed from the roots. At this time, the roots are looped in a “polypot”, and the roots are cut off with scissors and transplanted. And trees have a problem of poor growth.

Further, in order to solve such a problem, since roots are looped in a container, it is necessary to cut the looped roots with scissors, which requires about three times the execution cost of hedges and the like. There was also a problem that it would be expensive. Therefore, in order to cope with such a problem, when a pot is formed of a nonwoven fabric or sheet made of biodegradable plastic fiber, there is no root looping, and the potted plant or tree is buried in a desired place as it is. Some pots are decomposed by bacteria in the soil or the pot is lost by hydrolysis.

[0006]

However, most of the biodegradable plastics forming pots and root-wrapping sheets are decomposed in the soil for half a year to two years, and decomposed depending on the type of irrigation and soil. Because the time is even shorter,
For example, in the case where seedlings and trees are transplanted for three to four years before transplantation, there is a problem that sheets and pots have been lost at the time of transplantation.

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to extend the decomposition time while taking advantage of a nonwoven fabric or sheet made of biodegradable plastic fiber or a pot formed therefrom.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, an agricultural and horticultural sheet material according to the present invention comprises a biodegradable plastic sheet film having small holes (0.5 mm to 1 mm).
(preferably mm) is provided on the surface of the core material or a core material formed by making the biodegradable plastic fiber non-woven fabric, a biodegradable plastic layer having different components or biodegradation time from the biodegradable plastic of the core material. Is formed.

Further, the biodegradable plastic sheet film and the biodegradable plastic fiber as the core material are polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastics, and the biodegradable plastic layer on the surface thereof is formed of a polyester-based polyurethane resin. Another characteristic is that the polyester-based polyurethane resin of the biodegradable plastic layer on the surface contains 3 to 150 g / m ² and the water-repellent resin contains ² to 50 g / m ² .

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an agricultural and horticultural sheet material according to the present invention, and reference numeral 1 in the figure generally indicates the agricultural and horticultural sheet material.

The sheet material 1 for agricultural and horticultural use is a non-woven biodegradable plastic fiber core material 2 made of a biodegradable plastic fiber, and a biodegradable plastic material different from the biodegradable plastic of the core material 2. The plastic 3 is formed in a layer on its surface.

That is, the core material 2 made of the biodegradable plastic fiber is spun into a filament from a dissolved polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastic (not shown).
This filament is cut into a long fiber and a short fiber shape, and the obtained fiber is spread substantially uniformly to form a wrap. After that,
The wrapped polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastic core material is formed into a sheet by fusing the fibers that come into contact with each other by fixing means such as pressing while heating.

[0013] Here, the basis weight of the core material 2 in the form of a sheet is approximately are as fall within the scope of ^{40g / m 2 ~250g / m 2} .

The core material 2 made of the polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastic forming the core material 2 is white. When the core material 2 is made of white material as described above, ultraviolet rays are reflected, so that the temperature of the pot formed from the core material 2 can be lowered by about 4 to 5 ° C. in summer, and the growth in summer is improved. It should be noted that the synthetic resin spun into a filament is colorless at the stage of dissolution, and can be turned white in a nonwoven fabric state.

When a pot 4 for raising seedlings and growing trees as shown in FIG. 2, for example, is formed from the white sheet-like material 1 for agriculture and horticulture as described below, the pot 4 emits light to the outside. The seedlings and the roots of the trees have the advantage of growing to every corner.
Is not limited to such a white color, and does not exclude black and transparent ones, of course.

The core material 2 formed as described above is
As shown in FIG. 3, a polyurethane biodegradable plastic layer 6 is formed on the surface of the fiber 5. The polyurethane biodegradable plastic layer 6 has a thickness of 3.5 to 8 g when applied to, for example, Riken Bond (manufactured by Miki Riken Kogyo KK).
/ M ² of paraffin wax (water-repellent resin), and formed by applying a milky white liquid solution containing the polyester-based polyurethane resin as a component.
g / m ² .

The above paraffin wax preferably contains ² to 50 g / m ² when applied.
That is, when the content of the paraffin wax is 2 g / m ² or less, no water repellent effect is observed. When the content of the paraffin wax exceeds 50 g / m ² , the gap between the core materials 2 is clogged with the paraffin wax, so The water content is impaired.
Drill holes of 5 mm to 1 mmφ in 3 to 5 places in 1 cm ² . At this time, if the size of the holes is large, the roots will come out, so a finer one is desirable. Further, when the content of paraffin wax exceeds 30%, there is a problem that the opened holes are easily clogged.

The content of the polyester-based polyurethane resin is desirably in the range of 3 to 150 g / m ² when the polyester-based polyurethane resin is applied. This is because if the content of the polyester-based polyurethane resin is 3 g / m ² or less, the polyester-based polyurethane resin layer formed on the surface of the core material 2 becomes too thin, or a portion not formed occurs. 150g polyurethane resin content
If it is more than / m ² , the agricultural and horticultural sheet material 1 is hardened, and it is difficult to perform subsequent processing, for example, sewing.

When the pot 4 for seedlings and trees shown in FIG. 2 is formed using the agricultural and horticultural sheet material 1 formed as described above, first, although not shown, the pot 4 for seedlings and trees is used. The sheet material for agriculture and horticulture 1 is cut into a shape in which is developed. Next, the cut sheet material 1 for agriculture and horticulture is assembled as shown in FIG. 2, and the overlapped peripheral portion 4 a is fastened by sewing or stapling, whereby a pot 4 for raising seedlings or growing trees is formed. .

The seedling or tree-growing pot 4 formed in this way is filled with soil to grow seedlings or seeds are sown and grown.

At this time, the surface of the core material 2 forming the sheet material 1 for agriculture and horticulture is covered with the polyester-based polyurethane resin, and the polyester-based polyurethane resin layer 6 is gradually decomposed and disappears. However, during this time, the biodegradation of the fibers of the core material 2 is inhibited. As described above, when the pot 4 has ventilation and water permeability, it was confirmed that the temperature in the pot 4 was lowered by about 2 to 5 degrees from the temperature of the outside air due to the heat of vaporization when the water in the pot 4 was evaporated. Thereby, not only can the stuffiness in the pot 4 be prevented, but also plants of a kind that are vulnerable to high temperatures can be easily grown and raised in summer.

Further, in the case where the polyester-based polyurethane resin layer on the surface of the core material 2 contains paraffin wax as in this example, the water repellency of the paraffin wax prevents the invasion of moisture from the outside and the seedling is planned. Can be done as street. Further, when the pot 4 is white as in this example, the white light blocks ultraviolet rays of sunlight, and the roots of the seedlings and the trees are formed in combination with the air permeability and water permeability of the sheet material 1 for agriculture and horticulture. The narrow roots spread to the side wall of the pot 4 and can be a vigorous seedling or tree.

When the seedlings and trees thus grown are transplanted to a desired place in the pot 4, the polyester-based polyurethane resin layer 6 on the surface of the core material 2 is decomposed, and then the polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastic is used. The decomposition of the core material 2 starts. Accordingly, by adjusting the thickness and components of the polyester-based polyurethane resin layer 6 on the surface of the core material 2 to variously set the decomposition time, the polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastic of the core material 2 is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide gas. The disassembly time until disappearance can be set arbitrarily.

In the above example, the core material 2 forming the pot 4
Is formed of a non-woven fabric made of biodegradable plastic fiber, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it can be formed of a biodegradable plastic film, and in this case, it has air permeability and water permeability. Many small holes are formed in advance. In the above example, a pot for seedlings and trees 4
However, the agricultural and horticultural sheet-shaped material 1 of the present invention is not limited to such a material, and it can be used for a root-wrapping sheet for packing tree roots for transplantation. Of course, it can be used as other agricultural and horticultural sheets.

Further, in the above embodiment, a biodegradable plastic 3 having a different component from that of the biodegradable plastic of the core material 2 is formed on the surface of the core material 2 of a non-woven fabric made of biodegradable plastic fibers. For this purpose, a different biodegradable plastic layer 6 is formed on the surface of the fiber 5. However, as shown in FIG. Of course, different layers of biodegradable plastic 3 can be sandwiched.

In addition, the non-woven fabric made of biodegradable plastic fiber is not limited to a wrapped polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastic core material that is pressed and fixed while being heated, and may be an adhesive or other material. It goes without saying that fixing means can be used.

[0027]

As described above, the sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use of the present invention is formed by forming a core material or a biodegradable plastic fiber provided with small holes in a biodegradable plastic sheet film into a nonwoven fabric. On the surface of the core material, a biodegradable plastic layer having a different component or biodegradation time from that of the core material made of biodegradable plastic is provided to form an agricultural and horticultural sheet material.

Therefore, for example, when a pot is formed from the agricultural and horticultural sheet material and a seedling or a tree grown in the pot is transplanted, the pot is buried as it is.
This eliminates the need for removing the root looping with scissors as in the conventional "polypot", thereby preventing problems such as poor rooting. At the time of decomposition, first, the biodegradable plastic layer on the surface is decomposed. After the biodegradable plastic of the core material is degraded, the time until the biodegradable plastic of the core material decomposes and disappears can be adjusted for a long time. This has the advantage that the problem that the sheet or the pot has disappeared can be solved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an agricultural and horticultural sheet material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a pot formed from the sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a fiber forming the agricultural and horticultural sheet material according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a modified example of the agricultural and horticultural sheet material according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... A sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use 2 ... Core material 5 ... Fiber 6 ... Biodegradable plastic layer

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) C08G 63/08 C08G 63/08 C08L 75/08 C08L 75/08 F term (reference) 2B027 NC02 NC24 NC36 NC39 NC52 ND01 ND09 NE05 4F100 AK00A AK00B AK41A AK41B AK51B BA02 DG01A DJ10A EJ33A GB01 JC00A JC00B YY00B 4J002 AE032 CF181 CK031 FA041 FD202 GA01 GF00 4J029 AA02 AB07 AC01 AD10 AE05 K18 AE03 AE03 K

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. The biodegradable plastic of the core material is formed on the surface of a core material formed of a non-woven fabric made of biodegradable plastic fiber or a core material provided with small holes in a biodegradable plastic sheet film. A sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use, wherein biodegradable plastic layers having different components or different biodegradation times are formed. 2. The biodegradable plastic sheet film and the biodegradable plastic fiber of the core material are polylactic acid-based biodegradable plastics, and the biodegradable plastic layer on the surface thereof is formed of a polyester-based polyurethane resin. The sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. A biodegradable plastic layer is a polyester-based polyurethane resin 3~150g / m ² of surface, according to claim repellent aqueous resin is characterized in that it comprises 2 to 50 g / m ² 1 or claim 2 The sheet material for agricultural and horticultural use according to 1.