JP2000008387A - General frame, and civil engineering construction method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a general frame for revetment work in which a river bed part, a slope face, and a top end can be protected in accordance with situations using support bases and beam members of the same sort, in which subsequent ground irregularities can be coped with, in which sediment generated at a site can be effectively utilized, and in which timbers can be used as the beam members at a part less likely to be inundated. SOLUTION: This general frame comprises plural support bases 9 each comprising beam member support bodies 3 (3a, 3b) having horizontal or vertical engagement surfaces extended from at least two side surfaces of a square pole 2 extended from an upper surface of a base seat 1, and plural beam members provided with cuts at both ends and having engagement parts to be engaged with the beam member support bodies 3. The general frames having bolt holes 10 for engagement of the beam member support body 3 with the beam member bored in the engagement parts of the beam member support bodies 3 and the beam members are connected to each other to form a frame body, and sediment discharged from a site is filled in the frame body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses a combination of a support and a beam of the same type to perform civil works such as slope protection for rivers and roads, and consolidation works on site. The present invention relates to a general-purpose frame which can be performed using earth and sand, is excellent in strength and durability, and is easy to manage, and a civil engineering method, a slope protection method, and a solidification method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in revetment works for rivers and roads, concrete blocks have been piled up on slopes or concrete retaining walls have been formed. In addition, the shoring work to be installed at the bottom of the slope is an indispensable construction to prevent the slope from being scoured from the bottom by the water current and the seawall from collapsing, and since ancient times, a gabion filled with stones in bamboo baskets has been used. I was At present, concrete is cast on site, concrete blocks with a plurality of projecting legs are thrown in, and concrete gabion-like structures are packed with crushed stones and used.

[0003]

However, these methods tend to be expensive because they use a large amount of concrete to cover the whole with concrete, hinder natural wind and light. In addition, there was no way to use the excavated earth and sand for construction work, and the waste was discarded. So, strength,
There has been a need for a seawall technology capable of reducing the amount of concrete used without inferior in durability and appearance and effectively utilizing earth and sand discharged on site.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and the structure of the present invention is to form a horizontal or vertical engaging surface from at least two side surfaces of a square pillar extending from the upper surface of a pedestal. A beam support having a plurality of support bases extending therefrom, and a plurality of beam members having notches at both ends and having an engaging portion connected to the beam material support, A bolt hole for engaging the beam member and the general-purpose frame formed in the beam material support and the engaging portion of the beam member are connected to form a frame body. It is characterized by filling at least one selected from gravel and crushed stone.

That is, according to the present invention, a support having a beam support having a horizontal or vertical engagement plane extended on an upper portion of a side surface of a quadrangular prism extending from a pedestal corresponds to an intersection of a lattice frame. It is placed in the position. On the other hand, a notch is provided at both ends of the beam material, and the remaining portion of the notch is used as an engaging portion. The engaging portion and the beam material support are connected to each other, and the bolt holes are penetrated and connected in the vertical or horizontal direction. Then, a frame is formed.

[0006] Earth and sand or crushed stone dug out during the construction are embedded in the frame. Even in the same site, it is necessary to change the size of the frame depending on the part submerged in the water, the part in contact with the water surface, the slope, the top end, etc. In this case, if there are two or three types of beams, , Can be handled by combining these. Wood can also be used as a beam material in a portion that is not flooded.

The beam support having a horizontal upper surface except for the upper portion of the quadrangular prism of the support base is sequentially fixed by bolting the lower surface of the engaging portion of the beam and the upper surface of the beam support. Also, the beam support extending from one side of the square pillar to the vertical centerline of one side has a vertical horizontal plane, and may be connected to the engaging portion of the vertical beam. it can. In this case, if the tip of the beam material has a rounded shape with a central portion protruding, it can rotate even after being connected to the beam material support, and can adapt to vertical movement of the ground. The durability is improved.
It can be used as it is even on the ground that is inclined from the beginning.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a support base having a beam support extending in four directions, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the beam, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the beam support extending in three directions. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a support base in which a beam support is extended in two directions, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a combination state of the support and the beam. FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing a case where the present invention is applied to a river, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG.

The support base of the present invention has a square pillar 2 extending from the center of the pedestal 1 as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4. In FIG. 1, the beam support 3 extends from each side of the square pole. The beam support 3 includes a beam support 3a having a horizontal engaging surface 4 on the upper surface, and a beam support 3b having a vertical engaging surface 5 at the center of the square pole. The beam support of the present invention may have any beam support 3 or may have both. The beam support 3a having the horizontal engagement surface 4 is provided with the engagement portion 7 of the beam 6 facing upward.
Fix with notch 8 down. On the other hand, the vertical engagement surface 5
The beam support 3b having the vertical and horizontal engagement portions 7 and the notches 8 of the beam 6 is connected.

In the support base 19 shown in FIG. 3, the beam support 3 extends from three side surfaces of the quadrangular prism 2, and nothing extends from one side surface. As shown in FIG. 5, such a support base 19 is used for a part located at the end of the construction part. In the support 20 shown in FIG. 4, the beam support 3 extends from two adjacent side surfaces of the rectangular column 2 and nothing extends from the two side surfaces. As shown in FIG. 5, such a support base 20 is used for a part located at a corner of a construction part. The pedestal may be a polygon such as a square, a hexagon, an octagon, or a circle or an ellipse as long as the strength can be maintained.
If necessary, chamfering is performed to prevent the mold from being easily removed and to prevent the corners from being damaged. Reference numeral 10 denotes a bolt hole that connects the beam support and the engaging portion of the beam.

The support is made of reinforced concrete. The beam is preferably made of reinforced concrete, but if there is no problem in strength, wood or unreinforced concrete may be used. Further, wood is preferably used in a part of the slope that is not normally submerged. Wood rots in about 10 years, but it is easy to replace and can be manufactured at low cost if it is not usually flooded. The shape of the beam 6 may be circular or square in cross section, and is preferably a shape that is easy to mold and has high strength. Although the beam shown in FIG. 2 has a circular cross section, the shape obtained by cutting out a part of the circular cross section with a straight line allows the concrete to be poured by placing the form horizontally when forming the form. Advantageous and preferred shape.

As shown in FIG. 2, the engaging portion 7 of the beam has a shape obtained by cutting off the tip end of the beam horizontally in the length direction and is capable of engaging with the beam support 3a. Engaging part 7 and notch 8
Are preferably substantially the same in terms of strength. The engaging portions are roughly classified into two types: an engaging portion 7 and an engaging portion 11 which are shown at both ends of one beam member 6 in FIG. Generally, if one of the beam members 6 is the engaging portion 11, the other is also the engaging portion 11. If one of the beam members is the engaging portion 7, the other is also the engaging portion 7.

The engaging portion 11 has a shape in which the beam is cut in one direction in the transverse direction and a half is cut out in the length direction. In this case, the front end surface of the engaging portion 11 is a beam support 3 of the square pole 2.
a coincides with the extending side surface 12, and at the same time the notch 8 on the lower surface of the beam 6 coincides with the horizontal engagement surface 4. Then, the bolt hole 10 of the beam support 3a and the bolt hole 1 of the engaging portion 11 are formed.
If one bolt is inserted through the bolt and tightened with a nut, one end of the beam 6 is firmly fixed to the support 9. When the bolt hole 10 of the beam 6 is formed into an elliptical shape that is long in the length direction of the beam, the beam 6 has an advantage that it can follow a slight inclination of the ground and a slight vertical movement.

In order to engage the engaging portion 11 with the quadrangular prism beam support 3b in FIG. 1, the beam 6 shown in FIG. Side surface 13 where the beam support 3b at the tip and the upper part of the square pillar 2 does not extend and remains
At the same time, the vertical engaging surface 5 of the beam support 3b and the notch 8 remaining after forming the engaging portion 11 of the beam 6 coincide with each other. In this manner, the engaging portion 11 can be easily connected to the beam support 3.

The engaging portion 7 has a shape in which a central portion 14 protrudes, and side surfaces 15 at both ends thereof become shorter toward the side portion 16.
If the tip surface of the engaging portion 7 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam 6 and can be engaged with the beam support 3, the center portion 14 and the side surface 15
The length ratio and the inclination angle of the side surface are free, and may be formed from a large number of four or more surfaces or may be a curved surface. Similarly to the engaging portion 11, the engaging portion 7 is also connected to the beam support 3a.
Although it can also be coupled to the beam support 3b, the engagement portion 7 is preferably used when the height of the adjacent support bases 9 is extremely different.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, in the case where the shoring work and the slope protection work are carried out using the general-purpose frame of the present invention, the beam material having the engaging portion 7 on the beam material support 3b is used. Is fixed, since the heights of the support bases 9 fixed to both ends of the beam 6 are different, the beam is obliquely abutted on the surface of the quadrangular prism. The contact angle varies depending on the inclination, but since the tip of the engaging portion 7 is rounded as a whole, the beam can rotate around the bolt hole 10 in accordance with the contact angle, and the same support base and beam can be used. Can be used on any slopes.

FIG. 5 shows a frame 2 in which a support base and a beam 6 are combined.
FIG. Normally, a support 9 on which the beam support 3 extends from four sides of the square pillar 2 is used. However, since the beam 3 to be extended further is not required at the extreme end of the construction site, the square pillar 2 Beam support 3 extends from three sides,
A support base 19 that does not extend from one side is used. At the corner where the end of the construction site overlaps, the beam support 3 extends from two adjacent sides of the square pillar 2 shown in FIG. 4, and nothing extends from the two sides. The support 20 which is not used is used. As shown in FIG. 5, the support base 20 is used for a part located at a corner of the construction part.

The left end in FIG. 5 is referred to as a first row A, a second row B, and then a third row C. The beam 6 used between the first row A and the second row B has an engaging portion 1 at both ends.
1, and the beam member 6 used between the second row B and the third row C has an engaging portion 7 at both ends. Therefore, although FIG.
Even if there is a step between the row B and the third row C, it can be used without difficulty.

After the frame is formed, the earth and sand removed for forming the frame may be backfilled in the space inside the frame. In general, when the bottom is filled with fine earth and sand and a large stone is used on the upper surface, the phenomenon that the earth and sand on the lower surface is scoured and scattered by water or wind can be prevented. In particular, since the outflow of earth and sand due to the water flow is severe at a portion in contact with the water surface, such as a consolidation work, a layer filled with large stones or crushed stones is thickened, or the whole is filled with large stones or crushed stones obtained from other sources. Further, when a nonwoven fabric made of plastic fiber for civil engineering having a thickness of 2 to 10 mm is laid on the ground on which the support base is set before the installation, the frame is further stabilized.

[0020]

FIG. 6 shows a slope from a riverbed using a general-purpose frame according to the present invention.
It is a plan view when the construction up to the top is performed at once,
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. Beam 6 has a diameter of 2
A short beam material with a total length of 790 mm and a total length of 1790 mm
mm long beam material was used. A 5 mm-thick nonwoven fabric is laid on the entire surface, and a support base 19 is provided at the end of the riverbed and a support base 20 is provided at the corner.
In other parts, the support table 9 has a center-to-center distance of 1000.
mm.

The support bases 19 and 20 are used for the first row A at the construction end of the riverbed, the support bases 9 and 19 are used for the second row B and the third row C, and the fourth row D is used. In this example, the supports 9 and 19 were used alternately, and four rows were arranged in a grid pattern with a center-to-center distance of 1000 mm both vertically and horizontally. The fifth column E is the fourth column D and the fifth column E
The distance between centers was 1000 mm, and the distance between the supports in the fifth row E was 2000 mm. From the fifth row E to the eighth row H, four rows were arranged in a grid at a center-to-center distance of 2000 mm in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

As is apparent from FIG. 7, the slope of the slope starts between the fourth row D and the fifth row E, and the slope ends before the seventh row G. Therefore, between the fourth row D and the fifth row E and between the seventh row G and the eighth row H, it is necessary to use the beam engaging portion 7 and the beam support 3b. After fixing the supports, the frame 21 was formed in an accurate grid by using long and short beams according to the distance between the supports. Next, among the earth and sand discharged at the site into the frame 21, fine earth and sand were filled at the bottom with large stones, and crushed stones were densely arranged on the surface.
From the first row A to the fifth row E, large stone layers were thickened because of the possibility of scouring.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the row of support bases,
Rows A through D are usually below the water surface. The fifth row E of the support is flooded or exposed depending on the water level.
Since scouring in such a part was particularly severe, a large stone or crushed stone was filled between the fourth row D and the fifth row E. Sixth
Since there is almost no flooding between the row F and the eighth row G, even if the beam is corroded, it is easy to replace the beam. Therefore, wood was used as the beam.

In this embodiment, one stage is used, but two or more stages can be stacked and used at a deep riverbed. Further, even when the ground becomes uneven due to a change in water flow or the like, the engaging portion 7 of the beam material can rotate around the bolt to adapt to the unevenness. The minute irregularities can be absorbed by the elliptical bolt holes provided in the engaging portions of the beam members.

[0025]

According to the present invention, it is possible to protect the riverbed, the slope, and the top according to the situation by using the same kind of support base and beam having similar shapes. And the beam material can cope with late unevenness of the ground, it is stable and durable, the soil generated locally can be used effectively, and wood can be used as a beam material in places where there is little possibility of flooding. It has advantages that can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view of a support base having a beam support extending in four directions.
It is a perspective view showing an example.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a beam member.

FIG. 3 is a view of a support base with a beam support extending in three directions.
It is a perspective view showing an example.

FIG. 4 is a view of a support base having a beam support extending in two directions.
It is a perspective view showing an example.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a combined state of a support and a beam member.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a case where the construction from the riverbed to the slope and the top is performed using the general-purpose frame of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pedestal 2 Square pillar 3 Beam support 4 Horizontal engaging surface 5 Vertical engaging surface 6 Beam 7 Engaging part 8 Notch 9, 19, 20 Support base 10 Bolt hole 11 Engaging part 12, 13 Side surface 14 Central portion 15 Side surface 16 Side portion 21 Frame body A 1st row B 2nd row C 3rd row D 4th row E 5th row F 6th row G 7th row H 8th row

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of support bases each having a beam support having a horizontal or vertical engagement surface extending from at least two side surfaces of a square pillar extending from an upper surface of a base, and notches at both ends. And a plurality of beam members having an engaging portion that engages with the beam member support, and a bolt hole for engaging the beam member support with the beam member has a beam hole and a beam member. A general-purpose frame formed in an engaging portion of a material. 2. The beam material support according to claim 1, wherein the beam support has a diameter substantially equal to the width of the side surface of the quadrangular prism, and the upper half has a shape removed leaving a horizontal surface. General purpose frame. 3. The beam support extends to one side of the side surface of the square pole, and the vertical diameter of the beam support substantially matches the width of the side surface of the square pillar, and the width is substantially half of the square pillar. 2. The general-purpose frame according to claim 1, wherein: 4. The general-purpose frame according to claim 1, wherein the bolt hole provided in the engaging portion of the beam has an elliptical shape elongated in the length direction of the beam. 5. The beam member according to claim 1, wherein the engaging portion of the beam material is a remaining portion cut by a cutting surface that divides the beam material in a length direction substantially in two and a cutting surface in a transverse direction. General purpose frame described in any of them. 6. An engaging portion of a beam material is cut by a cutting surface that divides the beam material into two substantially in the longitudinal direction and a cutting surface in a transverse direction, and the cut-out remaining tip has a long central portion protruding from both sides. The general-purpose frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the frame has a shape that becomes shorter toward the portion. 7. A beam support of a plurality of support bases having a beam support having a horizontal or vertical engagement surface extending from at least two side surfaces of a square pillar extending from an upper surface of a pedestal. ,
Notches are provided at both ends to form a frame by connecting a plurality of beams having an engaging portion that engages with the beam support, and a frame is formed in the frame, and at least one selected from earth and sand, gravel and crushed stone. Civil engineering method characterized by filling one kind. 8. A beam support of a plurality of support bases on which a beam support having a horizontal or vertical engagement surface extends from at least two side surfaces of a quadrangular prism extending from an upper surface of a pedestal. ,
At least one selected from earth and sand, gravel, and crushed stone is filled into a frame formed by connecting a plurality of beam members having notches at both ends and having an engaging portion to be engaged with the beam member support. Consolidation work characterized by being done. 9. A beam support of a plurality of support bases on which a beam support having a horizontal or vertical engaging surface extends from at least two side surfaces of a square pillar extending from the upper surface of the pedestal. ,
At least one selected from earth and sand, gravel, and crushed stone is filled into a frame formed by connecting a plurality of beam members having notches at both ends and having an engaging portion to be engaged with the beam member support. Slope protection characterized by being done.