JP2000005641A - Method for separation or thickening of solid in solid- liquid mixed phase fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate or thicken efficiently various kinds of solids having different specific gravities by ultilizing characteristics of a method by a Coanda spiral flow by a method wherein a swirl flow of a solid-liquid mixed phase fluid is generated to an upper stream side in a pipe line wherein the solid-liquid mixed phase fluid is conveyed, and the fluid near an axial center of the generated swirl flow is extracted. SOLUTION: A solid-liquid mixed phase fluid is firstly allowed to flow in a tangential direction of an influent part large diameter cylinder 2 from a tangential influent pipe 1 to generate a swirl fluid in the influent pipe large diameter cylinder 2. Then, the solid-liquid mixed phase fluid is allowed to pass through a diameter-gradually-diminishing pipe 3 to strengthen the swirl flow, and the strong swirl flow of a large free vortex component is generated in a swirl flow pipe line 4. In the spiral flow pipe line 4 at this time, a solid of a less specific gravity than that of the liquid and the solid of a large specific gravity which comprise the solid-liquid mixed phase fluid, are respectively collected in an axial central part of the swirl flow to form the thickened solid-liquid mixed phase fluid. Then, the thickened solid-liquid mixed phase fluid is extracted from a downstream side extracting pipe 5 arranged concentrically in the swirl flow pipe line 4, and the solid is taken out by separation from the swirl flow pipe line 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid mixed phase fluid. More specifically, the invention of this application uses a separation device such as a filter, which is useful for the operation of separating or concentrating solids from a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid for various purposes in various industrial fields. And a new method for separating or concentrating solids by hydrodynamic action.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in various industrial fields, a solid-liquid multiphase fluid composed of a solid and a liquid has been conveyed through a pipeline or the like, and in the process or after the conveyance, only the solid is separated or concentrated. The separation or concentration of the solid from the solid-liquid multiphase fluid has been generally performed by a filter or a means having a similar function.

However, in the conventional method using a filter or the like, a plurality of types of filters having different performances according to the kind and shape of the solid to be separated, its size such as particle diameter, and specific gravity are prepared. And it is difficult to separate solids by specific gravity.
Furthermore, since clogging and breakage are likely to occur, there has been a problem that much labor has to be spent on filter maintenance.

On the other hand, a liquid cyclone is known as a means capable of separating or concentrating a solid from a solid-liquid multiphase fluid by a hydrodynamic action without using a filter having such a drawback. . However, in the case of a hydrocyclone, a solid having a higher specific gravity than a liquid can be separated or concentrated, but a solid having a lower specific gravity than a liquid, or a mixture of a solid having a higher specific gravity and a lower solid can be separated or concentrated. There was a problem that can not be.

[0005] A completely new method of separating fluid or solid by hydrodynamic action has been proposed by the inventor of the present application (Japanese Patent No. 2009205). This method has an unprecedented feature as a method using a swirling flow, and performs separation by a swirling flow generated using a Coanda nozzle. By using this method, it is also possible to separate a solid having a lower specific gravity than a liquid, or a mixture of a solid having a higher specific gravity and a solid having a lower specific gravity.

[0006] However, the subsequent studies by the inventors have revealed that the method using the Coanda swirl flow still has problems to be further studied.
One is that the Coanda nozzle is used to generate the swirling flow, so when trying to separate highly sticky solids or a large amount of solids, solids are clogged in the very narrow annular slit of the Coanda nozzle. Thus, the flow in the Coanda nozzle may be blocked.

Further, in actual operation, it is required to efficiently and completely separate or concentrate a solid from a liquid. In this method, the solid is separated into concentric circles in a pipe according to specific gravity. However, another method is needed for a method of efficiently separating or condensing a solid from a liquid. Therefore, the invention of this application, without using a filter or a liquid cyclone, taking advantage of the characteristics of the separation method using the Coanda swirling flow, a solid having a lower specific gravity than a liquid, a solid having a higher specific gravity,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid, which enables efficient separation or concentration of a mixture of a solid having a large specific gravity and a solid having a small specific gravity from a liquid.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems According to the invention of the present application, first, a swirling flow of a solid-liquid multiphase fluid is generated upstream in a pipeline, and the generated flow is generated. A method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid, wherein a fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow is extracted.

In the above method, the invention of the present application is, secondly, to install guide vanes in a pipe, to install a nozzle in a pipe, and to inflow a fluid in a tangential direction of the pipe. A method for separating or condensing solids in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid in which a swirling flow of the solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid is generated in the pipe by at least one of the means for installing the pipe is described as follows. A large-diameter cylinder is provided and connected to the pipeline by a gradually reducing pipe. Guide vanes are installed in the large-diameter cylinder, nozzles are installed in the large-diameter cylinder, and fluid flows in the tangential direction of the large-diameter cylinder. A method for separating or condensing solids in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid in which a swirling flow of the solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid is generated in the pipeline by at least one of means for installing the inflow pipe, , A pipe with a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the pipe opening to the upstream side is concentric with the pipe. Installed, also provides a solid separation methods or enrichment of fluids in extracting the solid-liquid mixed phase fluid in the vicinity of the axial center of the swirling flow.

[0010] Further, the invention of the present application is, fifthly, in any one of the first to fourth methods, wherein the swirl flow is generated inside the pipe downstream of the position where the swirl flow is generated. A method for separating or condensing solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid for extracting a fluid near the axial center of a swirling flow at or near the position where the swirling flow is generated is described below. A pipe having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe that opens toward the upstream side is installed concentrically with the pipe inside the pipe, and further, a pipe that opens toward the downstream side at or near the position where the swirling flow is generated. A pipe having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe is arranged concentrically with the pipe.
A method for separating or condensing solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid for extracting a fluid near the axial center of a swirl flow is described. Seventh, a fluid near the axial center of the swirl flow at or near the position where the swirl flow is generated is described. Eighthly, a method for separating or condensing solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid to be withdrawn is described below. Eighth, a pipe having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of a pipe opening downstream or at a position where a swirling flow is generated or in the vicinity thereof is provided. A method for separating or condensing solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid, which is arranged concentrically with a passage and extracts fluid near the axial center of a swirling flow.

In a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the method according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the pipe is installed downstream of the position where the swirling flow is generated, and opens toward the upstream. A method of making the axial average fluid velocity in a pipe smaller than the pipe inner diameter concentric with the passage larger than the axial average fluid velocity in the pipe, tenth, downstream of the position where the swirling flow is generated A method is also provided in which the axial average fluid velocity in a pipe smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe, which is installed concentrically with the pipe that opens toward the upstream side, is 1.5 times or more the axial average fluid velocity of the pipe. I do.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for separating solids in a solid-liquid multiphase flow according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein bubbles are added to the solid-liquid multiphase fluid. Alternatively, a concentration method is provided. In the invention of this application as described above, in any method, a swirl flow is generated without using a Coanda nozzle, a fluid near the axial center of the swirl flow is extracted, and a large-diameter cylinder connected downstream of the pipeline is formed. There is a great feature in that solids are separated or solids are concentrated by discharging a part of the fluid also from the inner wall. As a means to efficiently generate the swirling flow,
A tapering tube, a guide vane, a nozzle, and an inflow tube are used. Further, as a means for extracting fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow, it is installed downstream of the position where the swirling flow is generated, and is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe that is concentric with the pipe that opens toward the upstream side. A small-diameter pipe or a pipe that is installed downstream of the position where the swirling flow is generated and that has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe that is concentric with the pipe that opens toward the downstream is appropriately used.

According to the above method, a solid having a lower specific gravity, a solid having a higher specific gravity, or a mixture of a solid having a higher specific gravity and a solid having a lower specific gravity can be efficiently separated or concentrated from a liquid without using a filter or a hydrocyclone. It becomes possible.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The method for separating or concentrating a solid in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid according to the present invention is described in, for example, FIG.
Can be realized as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. The thick arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the fluid, and in this case, the fluid may be a solid-liquid multi-phase fluid, a concentrated solid-liquid multi-phase fluid, a solid-liquid multi-phase fluid with a reduced concentration, and a liquid depending on the situation. There are four cases, which will be described in the following description as necessary.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the solid-liquid multiphase fluid flows from the tangential inflow pipe (1) in the tangential direction of the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2), and in the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2). A swirling flow is formed. Thereafter, the swirling flow is strengthened by passing the solid-liquid multi-phase fluid through the gradually reducing pipe (3), and a strong swirling flow having a large free vortex component is formed in the swirling flow pipe (4).

Here, the tangential inflow pipe (1) is connected linearly in the tangential direction of the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2), but may be connected in an arc shape. The large-diameter cylinder (2) for the inflow portion may not be a cylinder having a particularly uniform diameter. For example, the large-diameter cylinder may have a bulging shape in the vicinity where the tangential inflow pipe (1) is connected.

In other words, the large-diameter cylinder (2) at the inflow portion has a connection method and a shape such that a fluid flows from the tangential inflow pipe (1) to generate a swirling flow in the large-diameter cylinder (2) at the inflow portion. I just need. The shape of the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2) is the same in other embodiments described later. In the swirling flow channel (4), as in the case of the swirling flow mainly composed of a normal forced vortex, not only the solid having a lower specific gravity than the liquid constituting the solid-liquid multiphase flow collects near the center of the swirling axis, but also In a swirling flow having a large free vortex component, a solid having a higher specific gravity than the liquid constituting the solid-liquid multiphase flow also collects near the axis center due to its specific gravity, shape and size.

For example, when the liquid is water, fibrous solids such as hair whose specific gravity is slightly larger than water will gather near the center of the axis. Also, relatively large solids, such as rods or lumps, having a specific gravity larger than water will be collected near the center of the axis. That is, regardless of the physical properties of the liquid and the solid in the solid-liquid multiphase fluid, the vicinity of the axial center of the swirling flow becomes a concentrated solid-liquid multiphase fluid.

Therefore, a fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow, that is, a concentrated solid-liquid multiphase fluid is extracted from a concentric downstream drawing pipe (5) provided in the swirling flow pipe (4). Thus, a concentrated solid-liquid multiphase fluid can be obtained, and solids can be separated from the swirling flow pipe (4). Here, if the axial average fluid velocity in the downstream extraction pipe (5), especially at the distal end thereof, is made higher than the axial average fluid velocity in the swirling flow pipe (4), it is desirable that When the ratio is 1.5 times or more, the efficiency of concentration or separation can be further increased.

For example, FIG. 5 shows the average fluid velocity in the axial direction at the tip of the downstream withdrawal pipe (5) and the average fluid velocity in the axial direction of the swirl flow pipe (4) for solids having various physical properties. It shows the result of measuring the separation efficiency (or concentration efficiency) by changing the ratio with the speed. As is clear from this figure, the flow velocity ratio, that is, the downstream extraction pipe (5)
When the ratio of the axial average fluid velocity at the distal end to the axial average velocity of the fluid in the swirling flow line (4) is 1 or more, the separation efficiency is sharply improved, and the velocity ratio becomes 1.5 or more. Then, it can be seen that the separation efficiency is about 90% or more.

A second embodiment of the present invention can be shown, for example, in FIG. This second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an inflow pipe (7) located on the opposite side of the inflow section large-diameter cylinder (2) from the connection side to the gradually reducing pipe (3) is provided by: This shows a case where a solid-liquid multiphase fluid is flowing. In this case, the fluid flowing from the tangential inflow pipe (1) may be a solid-liquid multiphase fluid as in the first embodiment, but may be a liquid containing no solid.

Alternatively, the fluid flowing from the tangential inflow pipe (1) is a fluid that has flowed out of the swirling flow pipe (4), that is, a concentrated solid-liquid multiphase fluid is discharged from the downstream extraction pipe (5). The solid-liquid multi-phase fluid having a reduced solid concentration after the treatment may be used. As described above, the solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid having a reduced solid concentration is circulated and inflow as the fluid flowing from the tangential inflow pipe (1), so that the enrichment of the solid in the vicinity of the axial center in the swirling flow pipe (4) is reduced. Can be enhanced. For this reason, the solid separation efficiency can be significantly improved.

In the second embodiment, the tip of the inflow pipe (7) may protrude into the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2). FIG. 3 shows still another third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the upstream extraction pipe (6) is provided together with the downstream extraction pipe (5), and the fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow is extracted from these two extraction pipes. become.

The distal end of the upstream extraction pipe (6) is not limited to the case where it is present inside the gradually reducing pipe (3) as shown in FIG. It may be arranged, and furthermore, may be arranged in a portion relatively close to the gradually reducing pipe of the swirl flow pipe (4). Upstream extraction pipe (6)
Is basically the same as the downstream extraction pipe (5),
The upstream extraction pipe (6) is more suitable for separating or concentrating a solid having a lower specific gravity than the liquid constituting the solid-liquid multiphase fluid.

Also, by extracting the fluid from the upstream extraction pipe (6), the radial velocity component toward the axial center increases, and as a result, the solids are more likely to collect near the center of the swirling flow axis. Therefore, it is not always necessary to extract the solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid from the upstream extraction pipe (6), and even if only the liquid is extracted from the upstream extraction pipe (6), the downstream extraction pipe (5). , The effect of separating or concentrating the solid can be remarkably improved.

The average fluid velocity in the axial direction in the downstream extraction pipe (5) in the third embodiment is desirably the same as that in the first embodiment. That is, the axial average fluid velocity at the distal end of the downstream extraction pipe (5) is higher than the axial average velocity of the fluid in the swirling flow pipe (4), preferably 1.5 times or more. It is. In this case, the average axial fluid velocity in the swirling flow pipe (4) was discharged from the upstream extraction pipe (6) based on the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the large-diameter cylinder (2). Needless to say, the flow rate is obtained from the reduced value.

And, of course, the tangential inflow portion of the third embodiment can have the same shape as that of the second embodiment. FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the downstream extraction pipe (5) in the above-described embodiment is used.
There is a great feature that the fluid is extracted only from the upstream extraction pipe (6) without the presence of the fluid.

Extraction of the fluid from the upstream extraction pipe (6) is suitable for separating or concentrating a solid having a specific gravity smaller than that of the liquid constituting the solid-liquid mixed phase fluid. Therefore, this embodiment is suitable when a solid having a higher specific gravity than the liquid constituting the solid-liquid multiphase fluid is not contained or its proportion is small. The position of the distal end of the upstream extraction pipe (6) is the same as in the third embodiment, and the tangential inflow portion in this embodiment is the same as in the second embodiment. It is also possible.

In the embodiment exemplified above, the swirling flow is generated by flowing the fluid tangentially into the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2) having a larger diameter than the swirling flow pipe.
A swirling flow may be generated using a guide vane or a nozzle, or a combination thereof. Also,
It is also possible not to use the large-diameter cylinder (2) of the inflow part larger in diameter than the swirling flow pipe. However, in this case, the action of collecting a solid having a higher specific gravity than the liquid constituting the solid-liquid multiphase fluid at the center of rotation is relatively weak, and the upstream extraction pipe (6) and the downstream extraction pipe (5) cannot be used. Solids mainly having a low specific gravity are concentrated and extracted.

Although not shown in the drawing, in the above embodiment, the effect of separating and concentrating particles can be enhanced by adding bubbles to the solid-liquid multiphase fluid flowing into the swirling flow generating section. This utilizes the fact that bubbles are extremely easy to collect at the center of rotation. That is, similar to flotation separation used in mineral separation and pressure flotation used to separate sludge in sewage, particles are trapped in air bubbles or attached to particles, and the air bubbles are collected around the center of rotation. Then, separation and concentration are performed. In this case, it is desirable that the bubbles are not so large. In addition, the bubble is added to the solid-liquid multiphase fluid not only before the swirl flow generation unit flows into the swirl flow generation unit but also at the swirl flow generation unit and thereafter.

In FIGS. 1 to 4 which illustrate the above embodiment, the angles formed by the respective central axes of the connecting inflow pipe (1) and the inflow portion large-diameter cylinder (2) are made right angles. The angle may be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. Of course, the method of the present invention is not limited to the above description, and it goes without saying that various conditions and aspects such as the types of solids and liquids, their concentrations, and flow rates can be variously changed.

[0032]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the solids in the solid-liquid multiphase fluid can be irrespective of the specific gravity without using a filter, a liquid cyclone or a Coanda nozzle having a narrow gap. , A solid passing through a filter or the like can be easily separated or concentrated with high efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram exemplifying a relationship between an actual downstream discharge flow rate ratio and separation efficiency.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tangent inflow pipe 2 Inflow part large diameter cylinder 3 Gradual reduction pipe 4 Swirling flow pipe 5 Downstream extraction pipe 6 Upstream extraction pipe 7 Inflow pipe

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hidemasa Ogoshi 1-2-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F-term in Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. 4D053 AA03 AB04 BA01 BB04 BC01 BC05 BD01 CA01 CA31 CC01 CD01 CD11

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein a swirling flow of the solid-liquid mixed phase fluid is generated on the upstream side in the pipeline, and a fluid near the axial center of the generated swirling flow is extracted. Separation or concentration method. 2. A guide vane is installed in a pipe, a nozzle is installed in the pipe, and an inflow pipe is provided for flowing a fluid in a tangential direction of the pipe. 2. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid according to claim 1, wherein a swirling flow of the solid-liquid multiphase fluid is generated. 3. A large-diameter cylinder is provided on the upstream side of the pipeline, connected to the pipeline by a gradually reducing pipe, and guide vanes are installed in the large-diameter cylinder, nozzles are installed in the large-diameter cylinder, and 2. Separation of solids in a solid-liquid multi-phase fluid according to claim 1, wherein a swirling flow of the solid-liquid multi-phase fluid is generated in the pipeline by at least one of means for installing an inflow pipe for flowing the fluid in a tangential direction of the large diameter cylinder. Or a concentration method. 4. A pipe having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of a pipe opening toward the upstream side is installed concentrically with the pipe inside the pipe, and a fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow is extracted. 3. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid according to any one of the above-mentioned items. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow is extracted inside the pipeline downstream of the position where the swirling flow is generated and at or near the position where the swirling flow is generated. A method for separating or concentrating solids in such a solid-liquid multiphase fluid. 6. A pipe having a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a pipe opening toward an upstream side is installed in a pipe downstream of a position where a swirling flow is generated, and concentric with the pipe. A pipe having a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the pipe that opens toward the downstream side at or near the position where the flow is generated is arranged concentrically with the pipe, and the pipes having a diameter smaller than the two kinds of pipe inner diameters are used. 6. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid according to claim 5, wherein a fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow is extracted. 7. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid according to claim 1, wherein a fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow at or near the position where the swirling flow is generated is extracted. 8. A fluid near the axial center of the swirling flow, wherein a pipe having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe opening downstream or at or near the position where the swirling flow is generated is arranged concentrically with the pipe. 8. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid mixed-phase fluid according to claim 7, wherein 9. An axial average fluid velocity in a pipe installed at a downstream side of a position where a swirling flow is generated and having a diameter smaller than a pipe inner diameter concentric with a pipe opening toward the upstream side. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid multiphase fluid according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the velocity is higher than the axial average fluid velocity. 10. An axial average fluid velocity in a pipe installed at a downstream side of a position where a swirling flow is generated and having a diameter smaller than a pipe inner diameter concentric with a pipe opening toward the upstream side. 10. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid mixed phase fluid according to claim 9, wherein the speed is 1.5 times or more the axial average fluid velocity. 11. The method for separating or concentrating solids in a solid-liquid multiphase flow according to claim 1, wherein bubbles are added to the solid-liquid multiphase fluid.