JP2000005161A - X-ray diagnostic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To set the height of the normal position of a top plate slightly low without making a device large-scaled and complicated and to temporarily lower the position of the top plate from the normal position. SOLUTION: In this X-ray diagnostic device, a transmitted X-ray image generated by X-ray radiation is detected by a thin lightweight flat panel type X-ray sensor 5. When a top plate 1 is to be lowered, the panel type X-ray sensor 5 is moved to the retreat position in a vertical attitude, the top plate 1 is moved against an erection/prostration movement support 2, and the position of the top plate 1 is lowered. The burden on a subject getting on and off the top plate 1 is reduced, and the work of an operator is facilitated. The moving mechanism of the panel type X-ray sensor 5 and the lifting mechanism of the top plate 1 are simplified, and the device can be prevented from being made large-scaled and complicated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a subject (patient)
The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus in which the position of a top plate on which a table is placed changes according to the state of the up / down support, and more particularly to a technique for facilitating getting / getting of a subject on / from the top plate and facilitating an operator's work. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 14 shows a configuration around a fluoroscopic table of an X-ray fluoroscope (X-ray diagnostic apparatus) conventionally used in a medical facility such as a hospital. In the case of the X-ray fluoroscope shown in FIG. 14, a tilting support (main frame) 71 holding a top plate 70 on which a patient M is placed is rotated with respect to a base 72 around a fixed point CN as a rotation center. The posture of the top board 70 changes as it falls down. With the top plate 70 set at an arbitrary angle, X-rays are radiated to the patient M from the X-ray tube 73 provided on the front side of the top plate 70, and a transmitted X-ray image of the patient M generated by the X-ray irradiation is obtained. It is detected by an image intensifier (II tube) 74 provided on the back side of the top plate.
In order to prevent the bottom of the I / I tube 74 from hitting the floor FR when the support 71 is moved up and down, as shown by a dashed line in FIG. C
It is configured to be rotated (moved up) while being shifted laterally with respect to N.

[0003]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional X-ray fluoroscope, since the length (vertical dimension) of the image intensifier (I / I tube) 74 is very long, As a result of the position of the plate 70 being raised, the top plate 70
There is a problem that it is not easy for the patient M to get on and off of the patient M or for the operator. Particularly, in the case of a severely ill patient M, getting on and off the top board 70 at a high position places a heavy burden.

[0004] As shown in FIG.
Is arranged so as to be able to move up and down with respect to a base (base) 75, and is configured to be able to be swung up and down with the I / I tube 74 as a fulcrum at one end side of the upper edge. At this time, as shown by a dashed line in FIG.
An X-ray fluoroscope capable of temporarily lowering the position of the top plate 70 by first lifting the I tube 74 and then lowering the tilting support 71 has also been put to practical use. However, in the case of this X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, a moving mechanism for swinging the I / I tube 74 of a large volume and a heavy object to the side or a mechanism for moving the entire heavy lifting support 71 up and down is required. However, there is another problem that the device becomes large-scale and complicated.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can set the height of the normal position of the tabletop to a relatively low level without increasing the size and complexity of the apparatus, and can also set the tabletop at the normal position. It is an object of the present invention to provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus capable of temporarily lowering the position of a tabletop by lowering the same from below.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention comprises a top plate on which a subject is placed, And a tilt control means for controlling the tilting state of the tilt support.
A transmission X-ray image detecting means disposed opposite to the X-ray tube on the back side of the X-ray tube and the top plate, and a transmission X-ray image of a subject generated by X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus configured to be detected by the transmitted X-ray image detecting means, the transmission X-ray image detecting means having a flat plate shape as the transmitted X-ray image detecting means, and the detecting position on the back surface of the top plate being horizontal. Holds an X-ray image detection system that supports the transmitted X-ray image detection means so that it can rotate about 90 ° with the edge side of the top plate as a fulcrum so that it takes a vertical position at the retracted position beside the tabletop. Means, and a top plate elevating means for elevating the top plate with respect to the raising / lowering support.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the plate-shaped transmitted X-ray image detecting means includes a plurality of X-ray detecting elements arranged vertically and horizontally. It is a line surface sensor.

[Operation] Next, the operation of adjusting the height of the top plate when the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the present invention is in operation will be described. In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, when the subject gets on and off the top board, the position of the top board is temporarily lowered as follows. First, the flat X-ray image detection means held by the X-ray image detection system holding means is rotated downward by approximately 90 ° with the edge side of the top plate as a fulcrum side, and the top of the top plate which has come off the back surface of the top plate is removed. At the retreat position on the side of the board, set it to a vertical position so that it does not hinder the vertical movement of the board.
Next, the position of the top plate is lowered by lowering the top plate with respect to the raising / lowering support by the top plate lifting / lowering means. Then, after placing the subject on the lowered top plate, the top plate is raised to a predetermined position, and then the transmission X-ray image detecting means is turned about 90 degrees with the edge side of the top plate as the fulcrum side. Rotate it upward to return it to the detection position on the back of the top plate and set it to a vertical position so that X-rays can be detected. On the other hand, when the subject is dropped from the top, the procedure is exactly the same as above except that the subject is dropped from the top instead of placing the subject on the top.

In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the transmission X-ray image detecting means in the form of a flat plate which is much thinner and lighter than the image intensifier is used, the image intensifier has a large volume. The height of the normal position of the tabletop can be set lower than in the conventional case where the height of the normal position of the tabletop has to be set very high due to the object, and the transmitted X-ray image detecting means The moving mechanism for moving the to the retreat position which does not hinder the lowering of the tabletop can be simplified. Further, in the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the top and bottom support holding the top is not moved up and down but only the top is moved up and down with respect to the top and bottom support. The lifting mechanism is also simple.

In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the plate-shaped transmitted X-ray image detecting means is an X-ray surface sensor in which a large number of X-ray detecting elements are arranged vertically and horizontally.
The movement mechanism of the X-ray surface sensor is extremely simple because it is extremely thin and lightweight, and an X-ray fluoroscopic image is created and monitored based on an X-ray detection signal output from the X-ray surface sensor with X-ray irradiation. X-ray fluoroscopy can be executed by displaying on the screen.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a holding mechanism (X-ray image detection system holding means) of a flat panel X-ray sensor of the embodiment apparatus. Figure,
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of a top-plate elevating mechanism (top-plate elevating means) of the embodiment apparatus, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the top-plate elevating mechanism section of the embodiment apparatus, and FIG. It is a top view which shows the structure of the flat panel type X-ray sensor (plate-shaped transmission X-ray image detection means) for image detection.

As shown in FIG. 1, the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the embodiment includes a top plate 1 on which a patient (subject) M is placed, and a tilting support for holding and tilting the top plate 1 to tilt. (Main frame) 2, and as the tilting support 2 rotates forward and backward with respect to the base 3 around a fixed point CN as a center of rotation, the tilting support 2 tilts and tilts. (Angle) is changed. In the form of opposition to top plate 1, X
A flat tube type X-ray sensor (hereinafter, appropriately abbreviated as “panel type X-ray sensor”) 5 is arranged on the back and forth support 2 on the back side of the top plate. The panel X-ray sensor 5 is configured to detect a transmitted X-ray image of the patient M caused by X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube 4.
Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit of the embodiment apparatus will be specifically described.

In the case of the embodiment, the top plate 1 is arranged so as to be able to move vertically or horizontally on the tilting support 2. Further, a pinion 7 provided on the base 3 so as to be rotationally driven by a motor MA is mounted on an arc-shaped rack 6 mounted on the tilting support 2.
Are engaged. With the rotation of the pinion 7, the rack 6
Is rotated to change the state of the up and down support 2, and the posture (inclination angle) of the top 1 and the patient M who is the fluoroscopic object changes with the up and down movement of the up and down support 2. It has a configuration. The control of the motor MA for raising and lowering the raising and lowering support 2 is executed by the raising and lowering control unit 8.

The X-ray tube 4 is disposed on the up / down support 2 through a support 9 and is controlled by an irradiation control unit 10 including a high-voltage generator to set irradiation conditions such as tube voltage and tube current. Is irradiated to the patient M. Control by the raising / lowering control unit 8 or the irradiation control unit 10 is performed in accordance with a command signal transmitted from the imaging control unit 13 in response to an input operation from the keyboard 11 or the mouse 12.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the panel type X-ray sensor 5 has one edge along the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 14 rotatably passed to the bearings 2a of the tilting support 2. It is installed on a support plate 15 which is fixed and attached. One end of the rotation shaft 14 is connected to the motor MB via the drive shaft 16, and the rotation shaft 14 also rotates forward and reverse as the motor MB rotates forward and backward, as shown in FIG.
The support plate 15 is configured to rotate by approximately 90 ° and move back and forth between a state shown by a solid line and a state shown by a dashed line. In conjunction with the movement of the support plate 15 within an angle range of approximately 90 °, the panel-type X-ray sensor 5 also rotates approximately 90 ° with the longitudinal edge of the top plate 1 as a fulcrum.
2 is a horizontal posture (posture indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2) at the detection position on the back side, and a vertical posture (posture indicated by a chain line in FIG. It will be held as follows. The control of the motor MB for rotating the rotating shaft 14 is executed by the sensor attitude control unit 17.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the top plate 1 is disposed on a lift 18 which is engaged with the raising / lowering support 2 so as to be able to move up and down. The top board 1 is moved up and down (moves up and down) with respect to the up-and-down support 2 in conjunction with. That is, the locking projection 2b provided on the side of the raising and lowering support 2 is fitted and engaged with the locking groove 18a provided on the side of the lifting platform 18, and is engaged with the engagement projection 2b. The elevating table 18 is configured to stably move up and down by a guide function by engagement of the stop groove 18a. A pinion 19 provided on the side of the raising and lowering support 2 is engaged with a linear rack 20 provided so as to continue in the vertical direction on the side of the elevator 18, and as shown in FIG. The lift 18 is moved up and down in conjunction with the rack 20 moving up or down in response to the reverse rotation. In the case of the device of the embodiment, since the top plate 1 is simply moved up and down with respect to the up / down support 2,
A simple lifting mechanism for the top board 1 suffices as compared to a conventional case in which the entire tilting support 2 is raised and lowered.

The rotation of the pinion 19 meshing with the rack 20 is performed as follows. The pinion 19 is coaxially mounted and fixed in the middle of a rotating shaft 21 rotatably provided to the bearing portions 2c, 2c of the tilting support 2, and one end of the rotating shaft 21 is connected to the motor MC. As the motor MC rotates forward and backward, the rotating shaft 21 rotates forward and reverse, and the pinion 19 rotates in conjunction with the rotating shaft 21, and the driving force required for lifting and lowering the top 1 is reduced. Occurs. A motor M for rotating the rotation shaft 21
The control of C is executed by the top-and-bottom control unit 22. The above-described sensor attitude control unit 17 and the top plate elevation control unit 2
2 controls the keyboard 11 and the mouse 12
This is performed in accordance with a command signal sent from the imaging control unit 13 in response to an input operation from.

Further, after the panel type X-ray sensor 5,
A signal collection unit 23 that collects X-ray detection data output from the panel X-ray sensor 5 and sends the data to the image processing unit 24 is provided. Image processing unit 24 after signal collection unit 23
The A / D converter 25 converts the X-ray detection data into a digital signal, the detection data memory 26 stores the digitized X-ray detection data, and performs edge enhancement and filtering on the X-ray detection data stored in the detection data memory 26. A data processing unit 27 that creates an X-ray image by performing necessary image processing such as an image processing, and an X-ray image memory 28 that stores an X-ray fluoroscopic image obtained by the image processing. Normally, during imaging, the X-ray image stored in the X-ray image
The line images will continue to be updated one after another.

Further, in the X-ray fluoroscope of the embodiment, the image display monitor 29 for displaying the X-ray fluoroscopic image stored in the X-ray image memory 28, and the X-ray image stored in the X-ray image memory 28 Image recording unit 30 for printing on a sheet such as an X-ray photograph, or an image storage memory 31 for recording and storing an X-ray fluoroscopic image
Is provided. The display of the X-ray fluoroscopic image on the image display monitor 29, the output of the X-ray photograph by the image printing recording unit 30, and the storage of the image by the image storage memory 31 are performed by the operation input from the keyboard 11 and the mouse 12. It is executed according to a command signal sent from the control unit 13.

Subsequently, the configuration of the panel type X-ray sensor 5 itself will be specifically described. As shown in FIG. 5, the panel type X-ray sensor 5 is a sensor in which a large number of X-ray detection elements DX are arranged vertically and horizontally, and the number of X-ray detection elements XD is, for example, horizontal (x). Direction 1024, vertical (y) direction 10
There are 24 square matrix configurations. This panel type X-ray sensor 5 is much thinner and lighter than an image intensifier, so that it is very easy to mount and has a large volume image intensifier as in the prior art. The inconvenience of having to set the height of the normal position of the board to a very high level has been resolved, and not only can the height of the normal position of the top board be set low, but also the resolution is sufficient and the image quality is high. An image is obtained.

The panel-type X-ray sensor 5 generally has an X-ray conversion layer for converting incident X-rays into electric charges or light, and elements for detecting electric charges or light generated in the X-ray conversion layer arranged in a matrix in a matrix. This is a laminated structure with the formed detection array layer, and there are a direct conversion type and an indirect conversion type. In the case of the direct conversion type, the X-ray conversion layer is composed of a selenium layer or a CdZnTe layer that directly converts incident X-rays into charges, and the charge collection electrode is formed on the surface of the detection array layer as a charge detection element so as to face the surface electrode. To detect the charge and store it in the capacitor and store the charge in the TFT (Thin Film).
Transistor: a thin film transistor), and each charge detecting element, a part of the X-ray conversion layer thereon, a capacitor and a TFT form one X-ray detecting element XD.

In the case of the indirect conversion type, the X-ray conversion layer is composed of a scintillator layer for converting incident X-rays into light, and the light is detected by a photodiode formed as a light detection element on the surface of the detection array layer. And the accumulated charge is taken out through the TFT, wherein each photodetector and a part of the X-ray conversion layer thereon are
One X-ray detection element XD using a capacitor and a TFT
Is formed.

In the panel type X-ray sensor 5, FIG.
., XD are read wirings 33 and 34 running in the vertical and horizontal directions via the TFT 32, respectively.
And the readout wirings 33 and 34 are
Each of them is connected to the horizontal (x) readout drive unit 35 or the vertical (y) readout drive unit 36, and a scanning signal for reading is sent to the horizontal and vertical readout drive units 35 and 36. The X-ray detection elements XD of the panel type X-ray sensor 5 are specified along the horizontal and vertical arrays.
Since the scanning is performed based on the addresses 0 to 1023 assigned in order, the scanning signal for reading is a signal for specifying a horizontal (x) direction address or a vertical (y) direction address, respectively.

In accordance with the horizontal and vertical scanning signals, the readout wiring 33,
.., XD, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor C1 is sequentially passed as an X-ray detection signal from the TFT 32 through the readout wiring 34, and further to X. Each preamplifier 37 and multiplexer 38 of the signal collecting unit 23 are used as line detection data.
Will be collected.

From the above, the method of reading out the detection signal from the panel type X-ray sensor 5 has a configuration substantially similar to that of a video detector such as a normal TV camera. Sensor 5 of Example
In the case of, both read-out driving units 35 and 36 constituting the signal collecting unit 23, the preamplifier 37 and the multiplexer 3
8 is also provided on the periphery of the surface of the detection array layer of the panel-type X-ray sensor 5, and has a configuration that is further integrated. Further, the detection data memory 26 for storing the X-ray detection data obtained from the panel type X-ray sensor 5 and the X-ray image memory 28 for storing the X-ray fluoroscopic image are provided by the X-ray detection element of the panel type X-ray sensor 5. A frame memory type storage device having a matrix configuration corresponding to the vertical and horizontal matrix configuration of XD is used.

Subsequently, X is calculated by the above-described embodiment.
With reference to the drawings, a description will be given, with reference to the drawings, of the operation of the apparatus for raising and lowering the top 1 and controlling the attitude of the panel X-ray sensor 5 when performing fluoroscopy. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the flow over time of the elevating state of the top 1 and the posture state of the panel X-ray sensor 5. [Step S1] When placing the patient M to be subjected to X-ray fluoroscopy on the top 1, first, as shown in FIG. 7, the panel-type X-ray sensor 5 in a horizontal posture at the imaging position below the top 1
As shown in FIG. 8, by rotating the support plate 15 downward by approximately 90 °, the support plate 15 is moved to the retracted position and set to the vertical posture.

[Step S2] As shown in FIG. 9, the empty top 1 is lowered so that the position of the top 1 is lower than the normal position.

[Step S3] As shown in FIG. 10, the patient M is placed on the top 1 lowered to a lower position.

[Step S4] As shown in FIG. 11, the top 1 on which the patient M is placed is raised to the normal position.

[Step S5] As shown in FIG. 12, by rotating the support plate 15 upward by 90 °, the panel-type X-ray sensor 5 is moved from the retracted position to the photographing position on the back surface of the top plate 1 and horizontally moved. Set to posture. Now you are ready.

Thereafter, the X-rays from the X-ray tube 4 are emitted to the patient M while changing the posture of the top and bottom support 1 (that is, the posture of the patient M) by changing the state of the tilting support 2. At the same time, an X-ray fluoroscopic image finally obtained based on the X-ray detection data output from the panel-type X-ray sensor 5 with the X-ray irradiation is displayed on the screen of the image display monitor 29,
A necessary X-ray fluoroscopic image is recorded on a sheet by the image printing recording unit 30 as needed, and an X-ray photograph is obtained to execute X-ray fluoroscopic imaging. Conversely, when the patient M is dropped from the top 1, instead of placing the patient M on the top 1,
The same operation as above is performed except that the patient M is unloaded.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be modified as follows. In the apparatus of the embodiment, the transmission type X-ray image detecting means is a see-through type apparatus in which the flat X-ray image detecting means is a flat panel X-ray sensor, but the transmission type X-ray image detecting means is a film cassette for photographing a book. A non-perspective type X-ray imaging apparatus having a configuration is also given as a modification.

[0033]

As described in detail above, according to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the flat plate is much thinner and lighter than that of the image intensifier as the transmitted X-ray image detecting means. Since the transmission X-ray image detecting means in the shape of an arrow is used, the height of the normal position of the top plate can be set lower than before, so that the operation of the photographing technician becomes easy and the transmission X-ray image A moving mechanism for moving the image detecting means to a retreat position which does not hinder the lowering of the tabletop can be simplified. In addition, since the top plate is only moved up and down with respect to the up-and-down support instead of raising and lowering the entire up-and-down support, the mechanism for raising and lowering the top plate can be simplified, resulting in an increase in size and complexity of the device. The position of the couchtop can be temporarily lowered without performing, and the burden on the patient when getting on and off the couchtop can be reduced.

According to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, since the transmitted X-ray image detecting means is a remarkably thin and lightweight X-ray surface sensor, the moving mechanism of the X-ray surface sensor is very small. In addition to the simplicity, X-ray fluoroscopy can be performed by creating an X-ray fluoroscopic image based on an X-ray detection signal output from an X-ray surface sensor and displaying the image on a monitor screen.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a holding mechanism portion of a panel type X-ray sensor of the embodiment device.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a top plate elevating mechanism part of the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a top plate elevating mechanism part of the embodiment apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration of a panel type X-ray sensor in the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration around a panel type X-ray sensor of the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a setting state of a panel-type X-ray sensor of the embodiment device at an imaging position.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a setting state of a panel type X-ray sensor in a retracted position in the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which a top plate is lowered in the example device.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a state of placing a patient on a top plate in the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which a top plate is lifted in the embodiment device.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a situation where the panel X-ray sensor of the example apparatus is reset to an imaging position.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a control state of the elevation of the top plate and a control state of the attitude of the panel X-ray sensor in the apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a see-through table of a conventional apparatus.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a see-through table of another conventional apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Top plate 2 ... Elevation support 4 ... X-ray tube 5 ... Panel type X-ray sensor 8 ... Elevation control part 14 ... Rotation axis 15 ... Support plate 17 ... Sensor attitude control part 18 ... Elevating table 19 ... Pinion Reference Signs List 20 rack 22 top-plate elevating control unit 24 image processing unit M patient MA-MC motor XD X-ray detection element

Claims (2)

[Claims] A top plate on which a subject is placed, an up / down support for holding and moving the top plate, and up / down control means for controlling the up / down state of the up / down support. And an X-ray tube disposed on the front side of the top plate and a transmission X-ray image detecting means disposed on the back side of the top plate in a manner opposed to the X-ray tube. In an X-ray diagnostic apparatus configured so that a transmission X-ray image of a subject generated by X-ray irradiation is detected by a transmission X-ray image detection unit, a flat transmission X-ray as the transmission X-ray image detection unit The transmission X-ray image detection means is arranged such that the image detection means and the detection position on the back surface of the tabletop take a horizontal attitude and the vertical position at the retreat position beside the tabletop, with the edge side of the tabletop as a fulcrum side. An X-ray image detection system holding means which is supported to be rotatable by approximately 90 °, and And a descending causing top plate elevating means X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim. 2. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
An X-ray diagnostic apparatus, wherein the plate-shaped transmitted X-ray image detecting means is an X-ray surface sensor in which a large number of X-ray detecting elements are arranged vertically and horizontally.