ITUD20110007A1 - "MATERIAL BINDING DEVICE" - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION of the patent for invention

Having as title:

DEVICE FOR BINDING BUNDLES OF MATERIAL

DESCRIPTION

Technical field

The present invention relates to a device for binding bundles of material according to the characteristics of the precharacterizing part of claim 1 and a process for binding bundles of material according to the characteristics of the precharacterizing part of claim 16.

Definitions

In the course of the present description, the terms coil, coil or bundle will be used indifferently to indicate the material to be bonded by the process object of the present invention. As used herein, said terms are to be considered perfectly equivalent and generally indicating the material to be bonded.

Prior art

In the field of metal production, a fundamental role is played by the so-called `` long '' products, i.e. bars, edges, wire rod, metal wire, which are produced by hot or cold deformation processes, such as, for example, rolling, drawing , extrusion. The product obtained by means of these processes is often an intermediate product that is sold to the end customer who will use it for the realization of the finished product through further manufacturing processes. For this reason, long products are packaged in packs, bundles or circular reels to be easily transported or stored in the warehouse. The bars or the metal wire making up the bundle, bundle or reel are held together by applying several binding wires at different points of the bundle to be tightened, called binding wires tightening the entire bundle, bundle or reel. In the case of coils, each tie wraps all the turns constituting the coil, developing radially with respect to the circularly wound coil. The ends of the binding wire are mutually wound one over the other to create a knot suitable for locking and improving the tightening action of the wire.

Patent UD2008A000124 in the name of the same owner discloses a binding device and a process of binding material collected in bundles by applying a binding wire, in which the device comprises means for winding and guiding the binding wire around the bundle and means for making a tie for tightening the binding. The winding means comprise a circular recess which extends longitudinally along their entire length and this recess is able to house the bundle inside it. Further it is expected that:

- the winding means comprise means for guiding the binding wire through the bundle of material to be tied transversely and internally to the bundle itself; - the wrapping means consist of at least two portions each having a recess which extends longitudinally with respect to the bundle; each of the hollows corresponds to a circular sector, the circular sector obtained on each of the portions being the complementary circular sector of the circular sector corresponding to the union of the circular sectors of the other portions; the mutual coupling of the portions forming inside them the circular hollow that develops longitudinally for the whole length of the wrapping means;

- the recess of each of these portions comprises a portion of the means for guiding the binding thread according to a cylindrical spiral around the bundle; the portion of the guide means of each portion of said winding means being the extension of the portion of the same guide means present on the adjacent portions of the winding means; the cylindrical spiral surrounds the bundle for at least one turn and a corresponding portion of a turn to obtain a parallel exit position of the binding thread;

- the winding means comprise addressing means for the binding thread exiting the guide means;

- means are provided for gripping and counter-tensioning the binding thread;

- means for gripping the binding thread are provided upstream of the winding means for the binding thread itself;

- means for cutting the binding thread are provided upstream of the winding means; - the means for making the tightening tie are a wheel comprising means for making it rotate; the wheel comprising a longitudinal and through entry hole and a longitudinal and through exit hole, in which the holes are symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the wheel; the inlet hole is aligned with the guide means of the binding thread transversely and internally to the bundle and present on the winding means; the outlet hole is aligned with the addressing means of the binding wire at the outlet and present on the winding means of the binding wire.

Problems of the prior art

In the solutions of the prior art, both manual or semi-automatic binding solutions are used, which therefore require human intervention with consequent risks of error and non-uniformity in the execution of the different bindings, and binding solutions using machines equipped with a needle which, under the € ™ action of a handling arm, passes around the bundle by dragging the binding wire which is then twisted around its opposite end and cut with the drawback that the wire can make only one turn around the bundle of material to be tied not guaranteeing an optimal tying due to the limited applicable force and the fact that the tying thread inevitably has an area in the area corresponding to the tie in which it loses its ideal circular shape, leaving a free space within which the bundle of material to be tightened can still move. Some solutions are able to carry out a double-pass binding, but with complex mechanical solutions which in any case do not guarantee optimal tightening of the bound material. Other solutions provide for the use of belts in plastic material, possibly elastic, which, while allowing the obtainment of bindings in which the bundles are more tightened, have the drawback that the material bound by plastic-type bindings cannot undergo subsequent thermal processes such as annealing or hardening, limiting their applicability.

A problem common to the solutions of the prior art is that the binding is in no way made integral with the bundle to be tied, therefore it being possible that, during the subsequent handling phases of the bundle, the binding moves from the position in which it was carried out, compromising the effectiveness of the binding itself as the bundle in these points will be able, under the action of the elastic return force due to the bending of the material making up the bundle, to widen thus constituting an obstacle for all subsequent operations.

Furthermore, in the event that the tying operation fails with consequent knotting of the tying thread on itself and / or on the bundle, the prior art systems require long recovery procedures which involve the opening of the tying machine, with relative prolonged shutdown of the system.

The patent UD2008A000124 in the name of the same owner, while solving many of the problems described above, itself has some drawbacks. First of all, the insertion of the tying thread into the tying wheel after the bundle of material has been tied is difficult as the thread can be partially deformed. Furthermore, also the starting phase of the wrapping of the binding wire is difficult since the binding wire could not correctly feed the guide means of the binding wire according to a cylindrical spiral and correspondingly also the outgoing addressing step of the binding wire. tying can be difficult as the tying wire may not correctly enter the addressing means at the exit of the tying wire itself.

Furthermore, problems may also arise with the thread jamming during the formation of the tying spiral, for example if the head of the thread has undergone a deformation during the introduction phase. In this case the thread could get stuck on the coils of the bundle to be tied, compromising the execution of the correct tying.

Purpose of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a binding device and process for linear or circular bundles of bars or metal wire, i.e. a process of winding a binding wire around a linear or circular bundle of bars or metal wire. , of tightening said thread on the bundle to compact it and cutting of said binding thread with the execution of a closing tie that prevents the loosening of the tightening, said process allowing the winding of said binding thread around to said bundle for at least one turn, more preferably two or more turns, a firm tightening of said bundle, said process also ensuring uniform tightening for all subsequent binding operations carried out, said process allowing the use of metal binding wires for at least one turn, more preferably two or more turns around the bundle to be tied.

A further aim of the present invention is also to solve the aforementioned problems of the prior art devices avoiding jamming of the tying thread both in the introduction and tying phases and also in the exit phase of the thread for its gripping in order to achieve the tie.

Advantageous effects of the invention

The solution proposed according to the present invention has advantages from the point of view of the quality of the clamping obtained, as it allows the execution of a clamping of the bundle of material with a number of turns of the binding wire around the bundle greater than two , with the realization of a cylindrical spiral around said bundle, said cylindrical spiral being tightened on the material itself by compacting it, said spiral being subsequently blocked by making a tie to close it.

Furthermore, the process allows the execution of said spiral tightening by means of a metal wire which allows the subsequent execution of thermal processes on the material of the bundle.

The process also guarantees the achievement of uniform ligatures.

The process in accordance with the invention also ensures that the binding is integral with the tied bundle, thus avoiding that, during the subsequent handling phases of the bundle, the binding moves from the position in which it was carried out, compromising the € ™ effectiveness of the binding itself.

In the event that the binding operation should fail with consequent knotting of the binding thread on itself and / or on the bundle, the machine carrying out the binding process object of the present invention is also simple and quick to restore, with a significant reduction in plant shutdowns.

Finally, the process is easy to carry out, thus resulting in an economic and easy maintenance.

Furthermore, a considerable reduction of the risks of binding of the binding wire is obtained during its handling for the introduction, the realization of the binding, the addressing at the exit and the execution of the tightening tie.

Description of a preferential embodiment

An embodiment solution is described below with reference to the attached drawings to be considered as a non-limiting example of the present invention in which:

Fig. 1 represents a schematic perspective view of a binding station comprising the binding device made according to the present invention. Fig. 2 represents a side view of the first part relating to the delivery and handling of the binding thread of the binding station of Figure 1 and comprising the binding device made according to the present invention. Fig. 3 represents a plan view of the binding station of Figure 1 and comprising the binding device made according to the present invention. Fig. 4 represents a perspective view of the winding block according to the present invention in which a part of the block casing has been partially removed to reveal the internal components of the block itself.

Fig.5 represents a perspective view of the winding block of Figure 4 which illustrates the delivery of the binding thread.

Fig.6 represents a perspective view of the winding block of Figure 5 which illustrates the direction of delivery of the binding thread and the return direction of the binding thread.

Fig. 7 represents a partially sectioned perspective view of the winding block of Figure 4 in which part of the components have been sectioned or removed to reveal the internal devices.

Fig. 8 represents a perspective view illustrating how the binding head of the binding device made according to the present invention is supported and moved.

Fig.9 represents an exploded perspective view illustrating the components of the tying head of the tying device made according to the present invention and in particular the first or upper portion of the tying head and the second or lower portion of the tying head.

Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of the first portion or upper portion of the tying head of the tying device made according to the present invention, represented as an assembly view of the first portion or upper portion of the tying head of FIG. 9.

Fig. 11 represents a perspective view of the second portion or lower portion of the tying head of the tying device made according to the present invention, represented as an assembly view of the second portion or lower portion of the tying head of Figure 9.

Fig. 12 represents a perspective view of the second portion or lower portion of the tying head of the tying device made according to the present invention, represented as a view of the opposite side with respect to the side visible in Figure 11.

Figs. 13-15 show schematic perspective views illustrating the operating principle of the binding device made according to the present invention.

Fig. 16 represents a partial front view of the first portion or upper portion of the binding head of the binding device made according to the present invention, represented as a partial front view of the first portion or upper portion of Figure 10.

Fig. 17 represents a sectional view of the first portion or upper portion of the binding head of the binding device made according to the present invention, represented according to the section line indicated with A-A in Figure 16.

Fig.18 represents a sectional view of the first portion or upper portion of the binding head of Figure 17 which illustrates the reciprocal movement of the cuff with respect to the winding block.

Fig. 19 represents a side view of the binding device made according to the present invention in a first operating phase relating to the approach of the wrapping head to the bundle to be tied.

Fig. 20 represents a side view of the binding device made according to the present invention and illustrated in Figure 19, in a second operating phase relating to the closure of the winding head in correspondence with the bundle to be tied. Fig. 21 represents a side view of the binding device made according to the present invention and illustrated in Figure 20, in a third operating phase relating to the movement of the guide needle of the binding thread.

Fig. 22 represents a side view of the tying device made according to the present invention and illustrated in Figure 21, in a fourth operating phase relating to the completion of the movement of the guide needle of the tying thread. Fig. 23 represents a side view of the binding device made according to the present invention and illustrated in Figure 22, in a fifth operating phase relating to the introduction of the binding thread.

Fig. 24 represents a side view of the binding device made according to the present invention and illustrated in Figure 23, in a sixth phase of operation relating to the conclusion of the production of the tie for closing and opening the winding head.

Fig. 25 represents a three-dimensional view of the pusher assembly of the tie of the tying device made according to the present invention.

Figs. 26-27 show schematic plan views illustrating the operating principle of the binding device made according to the present invention. Fig. 28 represents a side view of the binding device made according to the present invention and illustrated in Figure 19, according to a different embodiment of the binding head.

Detailed description of the process and of the binding device with reference to the drawings The process object of the present invention provides for the following phases to be carried out in sequence one after the other:

- Closing a binding head around and in correspondence with a portion of the bundle to be clamped;

- Creation of a guide path for addressing the binding wire;

- Passing of the tying thread through means for making the closing tie at an entry point;

- Crossing by the binding wire of the bundle to be clamped internally and transversely to the bundle itself;

- Winding of the binding wire around the bundle to be tightened in a cylindrical spiral with constant circular section, called circular section surrounding the bundle to be clamped so that the axis of the cylindrical spiral approximately corresponds to the axis of the bundle to be clamped and said cylindrical spiral extending longitudinally to the bundle to be clamped, said cylindrical spiral comprising a number of windings around the material to be clamped preferably greater than two;

- Passage of the tying thread through means for making the closing tie at an exit point;

- Locking the tying thread at the exit point on the means for making the tie;

- Traction of the binding wire able to tighten said spiral around the bundle with consequent tightening of the bundle itself;

- Locking the tying thread at the entry point on the means for making the tie;

- Cutting the tying thread at the entry point on the means for making the tie;

- Creation of the spiral closure tie;

- Opening of the tying head by releasing the bundle tightened with the tying thread and the corresponding tie.

The passage of the binding wire inside the bundle before tightening it ensures that the binding is fixed to the bound bundle itself, thus avoiding that, during the subsequent handling phases of the bundle, the bundle moves longitudinally along the bound bundle away from the position in which said binding was carried out, compromising the effectiveness of the binding itself.

Advantageously, the fact of carrying out the tightening by means of a cylindrical spiral that performs a number of revolutions around the bundle to be tightened preferably higher than two in which the cylindrical spiral is tightened around the bundle itself, allows obtaining an optimal binding thanks to the greater force applicable with respect to prior art systems. The resulting tightening, in addition to being more effective as it allows a greater compacting of the bundle, is also more resistant as the return force exerted by the bars or wires making up the bundle is distributed and contrasted by the greater number of turns of the binding wire around the beam. Furthermore, the tying thread has at least one, preferably more than a portion with a circular section which is not affected at its ends by the presence of the tie, this eliminating the problem of the fact that the tying thread inevitably presents an area in the area corresponding to the tie. in which it loses its ideal circular clamping shape, leaving a free space within which the bundle of material to be clamped can still move.

The binding process object of the present invention can advantageously be carried out by means of a binding station (Figs. 1, 2, 3) comprising means (22) for supplying and moving the thread, said means considered here as prior art devices which can for example comprising an unwinder (18) suitable for delivering the binding wire from a reel in which the binding wire is wound, a driver (19) suitable for handling said binding wire, one or more straighteners (20) suitable for to straighten the yarn dispensed by the unwinder (18), an encoder (31) for detecting the quantity or length of the tying yarn dispensed, containment elements (32) of the tying yarn, for example made in the form of a guide channel of the opening type.

With reference to the rectifiers in the illustrated embodiment there are two rectifiers (20), one of which operates a straightening in the vertical direction and one of which operates a straightening in the horizontal direction. However, it will be clear that the same functions can be integrated in a single straightening device or that, depending on the application, only one rectifier operating in one direction may be sufficient.

Furthermore, the binding station may also include a shears (not shown) suitable for cutting the binding thread. However, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention the shear will be positioned in a different position, as will be explained in the following of the present description.

Furthermore, the binding station may comprise an electric or electropneumatic panel (34) for controlling the devices and a control unit (33) which can be made in the form of a PC, an industrial PC, a PLC, etc. Although in the illustrated embodiment the frame (34) and the control unit (33) are shown as being integrated in the tying station itself, it will be evident that they can also be arranged in a separate position from the tying station itself.

In correspondence with the binding station it is possible to advantageously provide (Figs. 1, 3) also means (25) for moving the bundles adapted to work in combination with the binding station itself. In particular, by way of example only, these means (25) for handling the bundles in the form of reels can comprise:

- one, preferably at least two bases (23) for receiving the bundles (9) in the form of coils to be tied, each base (23) comprising retention elements (28) which can be either retention pins as in the solution shown or of the retention banks developing for a portion of the base (23) for receiving the bundles (9). The retention elements (28) are able to contain the bundle (9) constituting the coils both externally and internally with respect to the bundle itself to prevent the bundle constituting the coil, before the binding has taken place, from expanding externally to these elements of retention (28) constituting a possible obstacle to the mutual closure of the first half-shell (1) and second half-shell (2) of the winding block (3) which will be described in the following of the present description. The bases (23) include (Fig. 3) an internal opening (26) arranged in the internal area with respect to the bundle (9) to be bonded and which extends from the bottom of the bases (23) until it reaches the external area with respect to the bundle ( 9) to be tied constituting a lateral opening (27) in correspondence with at least each of the tie points provided radially on the reel or bundle (9). In practice, as will be clarified in the following of this description, the internal opening (26) and the lateral opening (27) constitute the spaces free from base obstructions (23) and retention elements (28) within which the closure will take place. reciprocal of first half-shell (1) and second half-shell (2) of the winding block (3) around the bundle in the form of a coil to be tied; - a first motor (54) will provide for the rotation of the base (23) for receiving the bundles (9) which is subjected to the binding step; by rotating the base (23) different pairs of internal opening (26) and side opening (27) will be brought in correspondence with the winding block (3) in order to perform the binding at each of the binding points provided radially on the coil. For example, it could be foreseen that two diametrically opposite ties are made, three ties arranged at mutual angles of 120 degrees, four ties arranged at 90 degrees, etc.

- a support (24) of the bases (23) for receiving the bundles (9) comprising a second motor (55) by means of which different bases (23) for receiving the bundles (9) are moved to be moved. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, four bases (23) are provided, arranged at 90 degrees; while a first base (23) is located in correspondence with the binding station for the realization of the binding on the bundle or reel (9) supported by it, a second base (23) can be in the waiting position to move to the binding position, a third base (23) may be in a position for unloading the bundle (9) previously tied and a fourth base (23) may be in a position for loading a new bundle (9) to be tied. Obviously, a lower or greater number of bases (23) for receiving the beams (9) can also be provided without departing from the scope of the present invention. At the limit, it can also be foreseen that there is only one base (23) possibly also integral with the binding station and on which the bundles (9) are positioned and removed.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that it is also possible to provide means for loading and unloading (not shown) the bundles (9) in the form of coils on the bases (23), these means being considered of the known art and consequently not further described in the this description.

The principle according to which the binding according to the present invention takes place (Figs. 14, 15) provides that the creation of the binding wire (6) in the form of a cylindrical spiral takes place by means of the winding block (3) made by means of a first half-shell ( 1) or upper half-shell and a second half-shell (2) or lower half-shell. However, it will be evident that configurations with a greater number of shell portions can also be envisaged. Each of the half-shells has a recess extending longitudinally for the entire length of the winding block (3) and this recess has a section corresponding to a circular sector, the circular sector of the recess obtained on one of the two half-shells being the complementary circular sector of the circular sector obtained on the other half-shell with respect to the corresponding complete circumference, so that the mutual coupling of the two half-shells forms inside them a hole with a closed circular section. Since the recess develops longitudinally along the entire length of the block, the mutual coupling of the first half-shell or upper half-shell (1) and the second half-shell or lower half-shell (2), gives rise to the formation of a cylindrical hole which extends longitudinally along the entire length of the winding block (3). Obviously, for illustrative simplicity, reference has been made to only two half-shells whose coupling forms a cylindrical hole. It will be evident, however, that a greater number of portions or shells of the winding block (3) can also be provided, as well as conformations that give rise to internal holes that are not necessarily cylindrical like the one shown, but also ellipsoidal or similar shapes. On the internal surface of the recess of each of said first half-shell or upper half-shell (1) and second half-shell or lower half-shell (2) there is a thread (7) extending longitudinally at least in correspondence with a central section with respect to the overall longitudinal development of the winding block (3), the thread (7) made on one of the half-shells being the extension of the threading made on the other half-shell, so that the hole that is formed by the mutual coupling of the half-shells is characterized by a continuous and uniform thread (7) extending longitudinally at least in correspondence with a central portion with respect to the overall longitudinal extension of this hole on the winding block (3). In correspondence (Fig. 13) of one of the two coupling surfaces (29) between the first half-shell (1) and the second half-shell (2), an inlet duct (4) and an outlet duct (5) are obtained. In the schematic embodiment illustrating the operating principle (Figs. 13, 14, 15) these ducts develop essentially orthogonally with respect to the longitudinal development of the block as a whole, that is, orthogonally with respect to the direction of development of the thread, each of the two ducts being formed by a pair of semicircular grooves, one groove being obtained on the upper half-shell (1) and the other groove being obtained on the lower half-shell (2). The recesses form a duct with an internal diameter greater than the diameter of the binding wire (6) and the ducts connect the lateral surface (30) of the winding block (3) and the threaded hole which extends longitudinally and internally on the block itself. However, it is envisaged that such ducts may develop even not essentially orthogonally with respect to the longitudinal development of the block as a whole, as in the embodiment that will be described in the following of the present description.

In practice, therefore, the binding wire (6) is fed (Fig. 13) to the winding block (3) and comes from a position located in correspondence with a lateral surface (30) of the winding block (3) itself. The binding wire (6) penetrates into the inlet conduit (4) and through this conduit reaches the hole extending transversely inside the winding block (3). After crossing this hole transversely, the binding wire (6) arrives from the opposite side to that on which the inlet duct (4) is present and is guided by the thread (7) along the internal surface of the block winding (3) in correspondence with the surface delimiting the hole extending transversely inside the winding block (3). The binding thread (6) is then guided by the thread (7) along the internal surface of the winding block (3) until a certain number of turns (Fig. 14) of the binding thread (6) is obtained around the developing hole transversely inside the winding block (3). The number of turns of the binding thread (6) is defined by the thread (7) itself, that is, by the number of turns on the thread between the inlet (4) and the outlet (5). Once the binding wire (6) arrives at the outlet duct (5), it is directed again towards the side surface (30) of the winding block (3) to exit the winding block (3) itself. Advantageously and differently with respect to the systems of the prior art, it is envisaged that the winding of the binding wire (6) takes place (Fig. 15) on a winding cap (38) formed by a first half cap (36) and a second half cap (37). The winding cap (38) has an external diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the hole extending transversely inside the winding block (3). The winding cap (38), formed by the first half cap (36) and second half cap (37), is inserted (Figs. 16, 17, 18) transversely inside the hole of the winding block (3). In practice, the assembly of winding cap (38) and thread (7) forms (Figs. 15, 18) a winding duct within which the binding wire (6) slides to make the bundle binding (9) . This conformation is very advantageous with respect to the prior art system since in this way an obligatory path is created within which the binding thread (6) is made to slide, preventing it from deviating to the thread (7) overlapping with other spirals of the thread. binding itself or by invading the space of the hole in the winding block (3) within which the bundle (9) to be tied is located.

Furthermore, this configuration advantageously allows to realize conformations of the ligating block with hole of the winding block (3) also of non-circular shape, such as for example elliptical shapes (Fig. 28) which can be particularly useful depending on the shape of the bundle (9 ) to be tied and / or to facilitate the closing action around the bundle to be tied. At the limit, the elliptical shape can also be very deformed with respect to the circular shape with an axis of the elliptical configuration much greater than the other axis of the elliptical shape itself. In fact, the binding wire (6) will be forced to move inside the binding duct formed by the winding cap (38) and thread (7) without being able to exit from the duct itself except in correspondence with the outlet duct (5) .

The bundle or coil (9) of material to be tied is positioned in the hole (Fig. 2) extending transversely inside the winding block (3) formed by the first half-shell (1) and second half-shell (2). lateral surface (30) of the winding block (3) the wheel (8) for making the tie is positioned. As previously explained, it is preferably not the bundle or coil (9) that is positioned inside the winding block (3), but it is the winding block (3) that closes on the supported bundle or reel (9) (Figs. 1, 3) for example by means of handling means for the bundles (25).

Furthermore, unlike the device of the prior art, it is envisaged that the insertion of the binding wire (6) takes place by means of (Figs. 4, 5, 21, 22) a guide needle (35). In fact, in the device of the prior art, the binding wire (6) was envisaged to carry out a first passage through the bundle (9) of material to be bound centrally and transversely with respect to it. The passage of the binding wire (6) within the bundle (9) is not hindered by the material to be bound and constituting the bundle (9), as it has not yet been tied and tightened, the material will gradually be moved slightly towards the ™ up or down as the binding wire (6) advances inside it. However, considering in particular the configuration that provides for the binding of toroidal bundles (9) at different binding points arranged on different radial positions along the toroid, after a certain number of bindings have been made, the bundle (9) will be at least partially and gradually more and more tightened, constituting an obstacle to the advancement of the binding wire through the bundle (9) itself. Similarly, even in the case of bundles not made in the form of a toroid, the advancement of the binding wire can be hindered by the weight of the material that constitutes the bundle, causing deviations of the binding wire which could lead to jamming and entanglements due to the fact that the binding thread (6) is unable to correctly enter the thread (7). The guide needle (35) is made of a material and with a section such as not to undergo deformations during its advancement within the bundle (9) of material. For example, the guide needle (35) can have a rectangular section and be equipped with a pointed head to facilitate its insertion into the bundle (9). In this embodiment, therefore, it is the guiding needle (35) that moves the material making up the bundle (9) and only when the guiding needle (35) has completely crossed the bundle (9) carries out the adduction of the ligature thread (6), which, sliding inside the guide needle (35), does not encounter any obstacle from the bundle and is directed and guided within the bundle (9) until it reaches correctly the foreseen engagement position on the thread (7). The guide needle (35), in the embodiment illustrated (Figs. 21, 22), is supported and movable on a movement guide present on the same bench that supports the wire dispensing and handling means ( 22).

Since the winding cap (38) formed by a first half-cap (36) and a second half-cap (37) completely closes the thread on which the tying thread engages, they are provided (Figs. 10, 11) both on the first half-cap (36) which on the second half-cap (37) inlet half-holes (60) and outlet half-holes (61) which, when the half-caps approach each other to form the cap (38), form a respective inlet hole and a respective outlet hole through which the guide needle (35) and the tying thread (6) moved inside the guide needle (35) pass.

The tying wheel (8) (Fig. 4) includes:

- an inlet seat (11) consisting of a hole through which (Fig. 5) the guide needle (35) comes out and constitutes the duct for feeding the tying thread (6) into the inlet duct (4 ) of the winding block (3); - an outlet seat (10) within which the binding wire (6) coming from the outlet duct (5) of the winding block (3) is received (Fig. 6) after the binding wire has been coiled around the bundle (9), as previously described;

- an inlet blocking device (14) adapted to block the binding wire (6) in correspondence with its tail (tail being referred to the binding wire (6) as it is the portion of the binding wire (6) within the bundle (9) remains outside the bundle (9) itself). The inlet blocking device (14) is positioned in correspondence with the inlet seat (11). For example, the inlet block device (14) can be a piston or a double piston which tightens the binding thread inside the inlet seat (11);

- an outlet locking device (13) suitable for locking the binding wire (6) in correspondence with its head (head being referred to the binding wire (6) as it is the portion of the wire which, after the advancement of the binding wire (6) within the bundle (9) comes out of the binding block, ie the end of the thread which is made to advance within the bundle (9) to be tied). The output blocking device (13) is positioned in correspondence with the output seat (10). For example, the output blocking device (13) can be a blocking plate which tightens the binding wire inside the output seat (10).

Furthermore, in correspondence with the outlet seat (10) there may be (Fig. 6) a sensor (17) suitable for detecting the presence of the tying wire (6) once the tying wire (6) has come out beyond the output blocking means (13), so as to control the output blocking means (13) only following the actual presence of the yarn itself. Alternatively, since the binding thread (6) is advantageously guided into a forced duct given by the cap (38) and thread (7) and since the length of this forced duct is known, the sensor (17) can be omitted and the identification of the moment in which to tighten the wire by means of the output block device (13) can be done by means of the encoder (31) previously described with reference to the dispensing means (22) and handling of the wire.

Therefore, the binding device can comprise means suitable for detecting the presence of said binding thread (6) in correspondence with the outlet seat (10) so that the operation of the outlet locking device (13) occurs following the detection of the presence of the binding thread (6) in correspondence with the outlet seat (10) itself. The means suitable for detecting the presence of the binding thread (6) can be selected for example from the group consisting of a sensor (17) suitable for detecting the presence of the binding thread (6) once it has come out beyond the means block at the outlet (13), an encoder (31) detects the presence of the binding wire (6) in correspondence with the outlet seat (10) by measuring the length of the binding wire (6) delivered into the forced duct formed by the € ™ set of winding cap (38) and threading (7).

In proximity to the wheel (8) for making the tie there are (Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7) also driving means (15) for the wheel (8) for making the tie, suitable for making the wheel rotate around its own axis. (12). In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, said tie wheel (8) is a toothed wheel suitable for coupling with corresponding teeth present on the drive means (15), also made in the form of a toothed wheel moved by a corresponding engine. It will be evident, however, to the experts in the field that it is possible to use many other systems for activating the rotation of the wheel (8) for making the tie, such as belts, motors, etc., such alternative systems being considered for the purposes of this invention as variants of the prior art.

The tying head (53) of the tying device made according to the present invention therefore comprises (Figs. 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) a first half-head or upper half-head (Figs. 10, 16) and a second half-head or lower half-head (Figs. 11, 12), each comprising a half-shell and a half-cap. The reciprocal coupling of the upper half-head and the lower half-head (Fig. 8) therefore constitutes a binding head (53) comprising a winding block (3) and a hood (38).

The upper half-head (Figs. 9, 10, 16) includes an arm (50) for supporting the upper half-head itself, the first half-shell (1) on which the first half-cap (36) is fixed in a mobile way. The first half-shell (36) is movable transversely and orthogonally with respect to the first half-shell (1) between an extracted position (Fig. 17) and external with respect to the first half-shell (1) and an insertion position (Fig. 18) within the first half shell (1). The first half-cap (36) is fixed to the first half-shell (1) by means of (Fig. 9) guides (48) which guide the movement of the first half-cap (36) between the extracted and inserted positions. Furthermore, the first half-shell (1) supports a first drive (39), which in the embodiment illustrated is a piston which controls a traction of the first half-cap (36) from the extracted position to the insertion position and which vice versa commands a thrust of the first half cap (36) from the insertion position to the extracted position.

The lower half-head (Figs. 9, 11, 12) includes an arm (50) for supporting the lower half-head itself, the second half-shell (2) on which the second half-cap (37) is fixed in a mobile way. The second half-shell (37) is movable transversely and orthogonally with respect to the second half-shell (2) between an extracted and external position with respect to the second half-shell (2) and an insertion position within the second half-shell (2) in a similar way and corresponding to what is illustrated with reference (Figs. 17, 18) to the first half-shell (36) and first half-shell (1). The second half-cap (37) is fixed to the second half-shell (2) by means of (Fig. 9) guides (48) which guide the movement of the second half-hood (37) between the extracted and inserted positions. Furthermore, the second half-shell (2) supports a second drive (40), which in the embodiment illustrated is a piston that controls a traction of the second half-cap (37) from the extracted position to the insertion position and which vice versa commands a thrust of the second half cap (37) from the insertion position to the extracted position

The upper half-head and the lower half-head constituting the binding head (53) of the binding device made according to the present invention, are (Fig. 8) supported and moved by means of the support arms (50). A support frame (47) comprises (Fig. 8) a first support (45) which is moved horizontally by means of a first piston (41) to carry out the approach movement (Fig. 19) towards the beam (9) of the first half-head or upper half-head consisting of first half-shell (1) and first half-cap (36). The first support (45) comprises guide means of the arm (50) which guide the arm (50) of the first half-head or upper half-head vertically through a third piston (43) to carry out the closing movement (Fig. 20) of the first half-head on the bundle (9) to be tied. The support frame (47) includes (Fig. 8) a second support (46) which is moved horizontally by means of a second piston (42) to carry out the approach movement (Fig. 19) towards the bundle (9) of the second half-head or lower half-head consisting of second half-shell (2) and second half-cap (37). The second support (46) comprises guide means of the arm (50) which guide the arm (50) of the second half-head or lower half-head vertically through a fourth piston (44) to carry out the closing movement (Fig. 20) of the second half-head on the bundle (9) to be tied.

The binding process or method object of the present invention works according to the following steps:

- Positioning (Fig.19) of the bundle (9) of material to be tied in the binding position by means of the bundle handling means (25) (Figs.1, 3);

- Horizontal and parallel movement (Fig. 19) of the first half-head or upper half-head and the second half-head or lower half-head to bring them into the binding position;

- Vertical movement in reciprocal approach (Fig. 20) of the first half-head or upper half-head and second half-head or lower half-head to bring them into the position of mutual coupling of the coupling surfaces (29) to form the overall binding head (53);

- Movement (Figs. 17, 18) of the first half-cap (36) and of the second half-cap (37) to bring them into the position of insertion into the winding block (3) with the formation of the forced conduit for guiding the tying wire (6 ) in which the duct is formed by the thread (7) of the winding block (3) and by the hood (38);

- Movement (Figs. 4, 5, 21) of the guide needle (35) through the inlet locking means (14) which are in the released condition, through the inlet seat (11) on the wheel ( 8) for making the tie, through the inlet duct (4) present on the winding block (3) with transversal crossing within the bundle (9);

- Adduction of the binding thread (6) internally (Figs. 5, 6, 23) to the guide needle (35) with passage of the binding thread (6) through the inlet blocking means (14) which are in the released condition, through the inlet seat (11) present on the tie-making wheel (8), through the inlet duct (4) present on the winding block (3) with transversal crossing within the bundle (9); - Adduction of the binding thread (6) inside the guide needle (35) until it reaches (Fig. 13) correctly the required engagement position on the thread (7) of the winding block (3);

- Meshing (Figs. 13, 23) of the binding thread (6) on the thread (7), the meshing being preferably favored by means (49) suitable for guiding the binding thread (6) on the thread (7) in so that said binding thread enters the thread according to the correct direction, that is the direction of the thread which guides said thread towards the outlet duct (5);

- Winding (Figs. 14, 15, 23) of the tying wire (6) around the bundle (9) to be tightened in a cylindrical spiral with a constant circular section, the tying wire (6) being guided into the forced duct constituted by the thread (7) present on the winding block (3) and from the hood (38); the winding preferably corresponds to at least one and a half turns around the bundle (9) to be clamped;

- Exit of the binding thread (6) through (Fig. 9) the outlet duct (5) present on the winding block (3), the entrance of the binding thread (6) in the outlet duct (5) being favored by means (not shown) suitable for guiding the thread from the thread (7) to the outlet duct (5);

- Passage of the tying thread (6) through the outlet seat (10) present on the wheel (8) for making the tie;

- Passage of the binding wire (6) through the outlet locking means (13);

- Possible detection by the sensor (17) of the presence of the yarn after passing through the exit blocking means (13) or possible detection by the encoder (31) of a length of tied yarn (6) delivered corresponding to the path of the yarn until the exit blocking means (13) are reached and passed;

- Stopping the advancement of the binding wire (6);

- Locking (Fig. 26) of the tying wire (6) by means of the outlet locking means (13);

- Handling (Fig. 26) of the first half-cap (36) and of the second half-cap (37) to bring them to the position of extraction from the winding block (3);

- Traction (Fig. 27) of the tying wire (6) from the opposite end with respect to the one that was previously blocked by means of the outlet locking means (13), this traction entailing the tightening of the spiral formed by the tying wire on the bundle (9);

- Locking of the binding wire by means of the inlet locking means (14);

- Cutting the binding wire (6) at the inlet blocking means (14) by means of cutting (21) the binding wire (6);

- Activation of the actuation means (15) which rotate the wheel (8) for making the tie around (Fig. 4) its own axis (12), this rotation involving the reciprocal winding of the ends of the tying thread (6) one on top of the other giving rise (Fig. 24) both to the formation of the tie (16) for closing the tie thus obtained, and to the recall of the tie wire (6) from the tying spiral, this recall action of the wire involving a further tightening of the bundle (9); - Unlocking the binding wire (6) by means of the inlet locking means (14); - Unlocking of the binding wire (6) by means of the exit blocking means (13); - Opening (Fig. 24) of the first half-head or upper half-head and second half-head or lower half-head, completely freeing the bundle (9) which is tied by means of the binding wire (6) according to a spiral binding of the wire around the bundle, such spiral binding being blocked by said tie (16).

The means for cutting (21) the tying wire (6) consist (Fig. 7) of a cutting head placed in correspondence with the wheel (8) and the cutting head is provided with ducts within which they slide cutting tools that are movable from a retracted position (Fig. 7) to an extended position (not shown) in which the cutting tools (57) come out of their respective ducts to move to a portion of the inlet seat (11) to cut the binding thread (6).

At this point, in the case of bundles (9) wound in the form of circular coils, the rotation (Fig. 1, 3) of the coil can take place by means of the first motor (54) of rotation of the base (23) in order to carry out further ligatures at other points arranged in a different radial position of the reel itself. Subsequently, the base support (24) can be rotated to bring a different base (23) into the binding position. In the case of bundles (9) in the form of rectilinear bundles of material, on the other hand, the bundle of material can be advanced inside the winding block (3) in order to perform further binding at other points arranged in a different longitudinal position of the beam itself.

A possible different embodiment which will be immediately evident to those skilled in the art following the reading of this description, provides that the winding block has the half-shells arranged not vertically but horizontally, said arrangement thus identifying a right half-shell and a left half-shell instead of an upper half-shell and a lower half-shell, the binding wire (6) also in this case carrying out a first passage through the bundle (9) of material to be bound centrally and transversely with respect to it. This embodiment is not described in detail as its implementation is obvious in the light of the previous description. Of course, intermediate solutions with respect to the two considered here are themselves possible and in any case fall within the scope of the present invention being in conformity with the attached claims.

While in the figures the two half-shells are each represented with a circular sector with an angle at the center of 180 °, it will be evident that many other solutions are possible, in which one of the two shells can have a recess corresponding to a circular or elliptical sector with an angle at the center greater than 180 °, the other shell consequently having a recess corresponding to a circular or elliptical sector with an angle in the center less than 180 ° and, more precisely, with an angle in the center complementary to the angle in the center of the circular or elliptical sector corresponding to the hollow obtained on the other shell. It will also be evident that while in the embodiment illustrated the winding or binding head (53) is made using two half-heads, many other solutions are possible, such as winding or binding heads made with a number of shells greater than two, each of said shells having a recess corresponding to a circular sector, the circular sector obtained on each of said shells being the complementary circular sector of the circular sector corresponding to the union of the circular sectors of the other shells, so that the mutual coupling of the shells form inside them a hole corresponding to a closed circumference, the hollow of each of said shells having a thread that develops longitudinally with respect to said hollow, the thread of each of the shells being the extension of the thread constituted by the union of the threads present on the other shells.

The minimum number of turns that the binding wire (6) must perform in order to guarantee the correct binding of the bundle (9) of material to be bound depends on the position of the inlet (4) and outlet (5) ducts with respect to the center of the bundle (9). It will be evident that if these ducts are arranged centrally with respect to the bundle (9), the minimum number of turns of the binding wire (6) to ensure the correct binding of the bundle (9) is equal to one complete turn able to include the Inside of the winding the whole bundle (9) plus half a turn to bring the end of the binding wire (9) in correspondence with the outlet duct (5). It is evident that if said inlet (4) and outlet (5) conduits are placed above the center of the bundle, the crossing of the binding wire will no longer occur centrally with respect to the bundle (9), but offset above the bundle center of the bundle itself (Fig. 22), in which case a first complete turn will be necessary to include the entire bundle (9) inside the winding plus a portion of the turn corresponding to the central angle subtended between the exit point of said wire (6) from said bundle (9) after crossing it and the entry point of said wire (6) into said bundle (9) before crossing it, said portion of turn being in this case more than half a turn. This configuration facilitates the meshing of the thread (6) within the thread (7) since the intersection between said thread (6) and said thread (7) takes place in a point where said thread (7) is not orthogonal with respect to the thread but inclined with respect to it according to an inclination which favors the meshing of the thread (6) in the thread (7) in the correct meshing direction, that is the direction of the thread (7) which guides said thread (6) towards the outlet duct (5). It will be evident to those skilled in the art, however, that said configuration does not facilitate the entry by said binding wire (6) of the outlet duct (5), since the thread (7) meets said outlet duct (5 ) according to a direction such that the binding thread (6) to enter said outlet duct (5) must bend in the opposite direction to that of the thread itself, said bending, however, being in this case guided by means able to favor the entrance of said binding wire (6) in said outlet duct (5). Theoretically, the symmetrical solution with respect to the previous one would also be possible, with inlet (4) and outlet (5) ducts located below the center of the bundle, the crossing of the binding wire not taking place more centrally than the bundle ( 9), but offset below the center of the same, said solution being less preferred than the previous ones due to the fact that said configuration hinders the meshing of the wire (6) within the thread (7) in the correct direction since the the intersection between said thread (6) and said thread (7) takes place in a point where said thread (7) is not orthogonal with respect to the thread but inclined with respect to it according to an inclination which favors the meshing of the thread (6) in the thread (7) in the direction of engagement opposite to the correct one, with consequent risk of incorrect thread meshing and / or thread jamming within the block (3). With this solution, however, the entry by the binding wire (6) of the outlet duct (5) would be favored.

However, in order to facilitate the meshing of the tying wire (6) within the thread, the tying head (53) includes (Figs. 9, 12) a device for introducing the tying wire (6) in correspondence of its meshing position within the thread (7). The invitation device (49) is made by means of (Fig. 9) a male insert and a female insert that fit into one of the two binding half heads (in the embodiment illustrated in the first half head or upper half head). The invitation device (49) comprises a curved conveying surface (56) which directs the thread into the forced duct formed by thread (7) and cap (38). Similarly, it is envisaged that the tying head (53) comprises (Fig. 9) a device for addressing the tying thread (6) in correspondence with its position of exit from the thread (7). The addressing device is made by means of (Fig. 9) an inclined insert which constitutes the outlet duct (5), whose inclination is configured to direct the exit of the binding wire (6) with an exit inclination from the winding block (3) such as to bring it (Fig. 6) towards the meshing position with the locking device at the outlet (13), i.e. to bring it into the outlet seat (10) within which it will lock for making the tie, as previously described.

Furthermore, while in the embodiment described the shells constituting the winding block (3) are represented as completely separated from each other, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that some of the two or more shells constituting the winding block (3) as a whole they can be fixed together in such a way that they can be opened in the phase of extraction of the bundle, once the binding operation has been completed, in order to facilitate the extraction operation itself, said fixing being able take place, by way of example only, by hinging.

Furthermore, the half-shells can comprise mutual coupling means such as for example (Figs. 10, 16) a tooth (51) obtained on one of the half-heads able to fit into a corresponding recess (52) obtained on the other half-head. Advantageously, in the illustrated embodiment, the tooth (51) also constitutes a cooperating part with and integrating the device for introducing the binding thread (6) since the tooth constitutes the curved conveying surface (56) which directs the thread within the forced duct formed by thread (7) and cap (38).

Finally, the bending device according to the present invention further comprises a pusher assembly (58) preferably mounted (Figs. 1, 2) on the same bench which supports the wire dispensing and handling means (22). The pusher unit (58) is equipped (Fig. 25) with a roller (59) at one of its ends. Once the realization is finished (Fig.

24) of the tie (16), the pusher assembly (58) is moved by the actuation means (illustrated but not indicated by numerical references in Figure 25) and the roller (59) bends the tie (16). In this way the tie (16) is folded over the bundle (9), possibly even up to a condition of insertion of the tie itself within the bundle (9). Thus the tie (16) does not protrude with respect to the bundle (9) and it is avoided that it can constitute a bulk that could also cause injuries to the operator who handles the bundle after its tying or it avoids that it can constitute such a bulk as to create entanglement conditions for the bundle (9) during subsequent movements of the bundle.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that, while the description of the present invention and the related illustrative figures thereof refer to bundles of material wound in the form of coils, the invention is also applicable to the case of material in the form of rectilinear bundles or only partially curved, in which case the material transport phase inside the winding block (3) can also take place with the block configured with the two upper (1) and lower (2) half-shells closed one on the other, said transport occurring transversely with respect to the block itself, so that the bundle (9) of material to be tied penetrates inside the winding block (3) through said internally threaded hole.

In conclusion, the present invention relates to a device for binding material collected in bundles by applying a binding wire (6) in which the device comprises a winding block (3) adapted to wind and guide the binding wire (6) around to the bundle (9) and means for making a tie for tightening the binding made. The winding block (3) comprises a circular or elliptical recess which extends longitudinally along the entire length of the winding block (3) itself and this recess is able to house the bundle (9) to be tied inside. The winding block (3) consists of at least two portions or shells (1, 2), such as for example two half-shells as illustrated or three or more dividing portions or shells of the winding block (3). Each of the portions constitutes a portion of the hollow that develops longitudinally, each of these hollows corresponding to a circular or elliptical sector developing around the bundle (9), the circular or elliptical sector obtained on each of said portions (1, 2 ) being the circular or elliptical sector complementary to the circular or elliptical sector corresponding to the union of the circular or elliptical sectors of the other portions. Each of the portions of the hollow which develops longitudinally comprises a thread portion (7) adapted to guide the binding thread (6) according to a cylindrical spiral around the bundle (9), the portion of this thread (7) of each portions (1, 2) of the block (3) being the extension of the portion of this thread (7) present on the adjacent portions (1, 2) of the winding block (3). The cylindrical spiral surrounds the bundle (9) for at least one turn and corresponding portion of a turn until an exit position of the binding wire (6) is reached. The binding device further comprises a tubular cap (38) adapted to be inserted inside said recess of said winding block (3), the internal diameter of the tubular cap (38) defining the space for receiving said bundle (9) to be bind. The winding cap (38) has an external diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the recess that develops inside the winding block (3), the assembly of the winding cap (38) and the thread (7) forming a forced conduit for feeding and guiding the binding wire (6).

The winding cuff (38) also consists of at least two cuff portions (36, 37), each of these portions constituting a portion of the cuff (38) corresponding to a circular or elliptical sector of the cuff (38) itself , each circular or elliptical sector of these cap portions (36, 38) being the complementary circular or elliptical sector of the circular or elliptical sector corresponding to the union of the circular or elliptical sectors of the other cap portions (36, 37). Also in this case it is possible to provide two half caps according to what has been illustrated or three or more cap portions for dividing the cap (38).

Preferably, the binding wire (9) is a metal wire and the binding (16) is made by mutual twisting of the ends of the binding wire (9).

Preferably, the binding device comprises means suitable for guiding the binding thread (6) through the bundle (9) of material to be tied transversely and internally to the bundle (9), the means (4) suitable for guiding the binding thread (6 ) through the bundle (9) being composed of:

- a pair of semi-hollows formed in correspondence with coupling surfaces (29) between a pair of the adjacent portions or shells (1, 2) of the at least two portions or shells (1, 2) constituting the winding block (3), such semi-recesses constituting an inlet conduit (4);

- a guide needle (35);

the insertion of the guide needle (35) taking place within the inlet duct (4), the guide needle (35) being movable transversely within and through the bundle (9) located inside the recess of the winding block (3), the guide needle (35) being internally hollow for feeding and guiding the binding thread (6) transversely into and through the bundle (9) by means of this guide needle (35) until upon reaching a position of meshing of the binding wire (6) on the thread (7).

Preferably at least a first headphone portion (36) and a second headphone portion (37) comprise input half-holes (60) and output half-holes (61) which, when said headphone portions are mutually adjacent to form the headphone (38 ), form a respective entry hole and a respective exit hole through which the binding thread (6) passes, possibly by means of the guide needle (35).

The description of the present invention has been made with reference to the attached figures in a preferred embodiment thereof, but it is evident that many possible alterations, modifications and variations will be immediately clear to those skilled in the art in the light of the previous description. Thus, it should be emphasized that the invention is not limited by the foregoing description, but includes all those alterations, modifications and variations in accordance with the attached claims.

Nomenclature used

With reference to the identification numbers shown in the attached figures, the following nomenclature was used:

1. First half shell or upper half shell

2. Second half shell or lower half shell

3. Winding block

4. Inlet duct

5. Outlet duct

6. Binding wire

7. Thread

8. Wheel for making the tie

9. Bundle or coil

10. Exit location

11. Place of entry

12. Axis

13. Output blocking device

14. Input blocking device

15. Means for driving the tie-making wheel

16. Tie

17. Sensor

18. Unwinder

19. Driver

20. Rectifier

21. Means of cutting

22. Wire dispensing and handling means 23. Bundle receiving base

24. Support of the bases

25. Means for handling the bundles

26. Internal opening

27. Side opening

28. Retention element

29. Mating surface of the half-shells 30 Lateral surface

31. Encoder

32. Containment element

33. Control unit

34. Framework

35. Guide needle

36. First half cap

37. Second half cap

38. Headphone

39. First drive

40. Second drive

41. First piston

42. Second piston

43. Third piston

44. Fourth piston

45. First support

46. Second support

47. Frame

48. Guide

49. Invitation device

50. Arm

51. Tooth

52. Notch

53. Winding or binding head 54. First motor

55. Second engine

56. Conveying surface 57. Cutting tool

58. Pusher

59. Roller

60. Entrance half hole

61. Semi-exit hole

Claims (1)

CLAIMS 1.- Device for binding material collected in bundles by applying a binding wire (6), said device comprising a winding block (3) adapted to wind and guide said binding wire (6) around said bundle ( 9) and means for making a tie for tightening said binding, said winding block (3) comprising a circular or elliptical notch which extends longitudinally along the entire length of said winding block (3) able to accommodate said bundle (9), said winding block (3) being made up of at least two portions or shells (1, 2), each of said portions constituting a portion of said longitudinally extending recess, each of said recess portions corresponding to a circular or elliptical sector developing around said bundle (9), the circular or elliptical sector obtained on each of said portions (1, 2) being the complementary circular or elliptical sector of the circular or elliptical sector corresponding to the union of the circular or elliptical sectors of the other portions, each of said portions of said recess extending longitudinally comprising a thread portion (7) adapted to guide said binding thread ( 6) according to a spiral around said bundle (9), the portion of said thread (7) of each of said portions (1, 2) being the extension of the portion of said thread (7) present on the portions (1, 2) adjacent to said winding block (3), said spiral surrounding said bundle (9) for at least one turn and corresponding portion of turn until reaching an output position of said binding wire (6), characterized in that said device further comprises a tubular cap (38) adapted to be inserted inside said recess of said winding block (3), the internal diameter of a tubular cap (38) defining the space for receiving said bundle (9) to be tied, said winding cap (38) having an external diameter smaller than the internal diameter of said recess extending inside said winding block (3) , the assembly of said winding cap (38) and said thread (7) forming a forced conduit for feeding and guiding said tying wire (6). 2.- Binding device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said winding hood (38) is constituted by at least two hood portions (36, 37), each of said portions constituting a portion of said hood (38) being corresponding to a circular or elliptical sector of said cap (38), each circular or elliptical sector of said cap portions (36, 38) being the complementary circular or elliptical sector of the circular or elliptical sector corresponding to the union of the circular sectors or elliptical of the other portions of the cap (36, 37). 3.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 2 characterized in that it comprises means suitable for guiding said binding wire (6) through said bundle (9) of material to be bonded transversely and internally to said bundle (9 ), said means adapted to guide said binding wire (6) through said bundle (9) being composed of: - a pair of half-hollows formed in correspondence with coupling surfaces (29) between a pair of said portions or shells ( 1, 2) adjacent to said at least two portions or shells (1, 2) constituting said winding block (3), said semi-hollows constituting an inlet conduit (4); - a guide needle (35); the insertion of said guide needle (35) taking place within said inlet duct (4), said guide needle (35) being transversely movable within and through said bundle (9) located inside said recess of said winding block (3), said guide needle (35) being internally hollow for feeding and guiding said binding thread (6) transversely within and through said bundle (9) by means of said guide needle (35) until reaching a meshing position of said binding thread (6) on said thread (7). 4.- Binding device according to the preceding claim characterized in that said means adapted to guide said binding thread (6) through said bundle (9) of material to be bound transversely and internally to said bundle (9) guide said binding thread in an offset position with respect to the center of the cross section of said bundle (9). 5.- Ligating device according to any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 4 characterized in that at least a first portion of the cap (36) and a second portion of the cap (37) comprise half-holes (60) and half-holes ( 61) which, when said portions of caps are mutually adjacent to form said cap (38), form a respective inlet hole and a respective outlet hole through which the passage of said binding wire (6) takes place, possibly by means of of said guide needle (35). 6.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 5 characterized by the fact that said winding block (3) comprises an outlet duct (5) obtained in correspondence with one of said at least two portions or shells (1, 2 ), said outlet duct (5) being constituted by an inclined insert whose inclination is configured to direct the exit direction of said binding wire (6). 7.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 6 characterized in that said winding block (3) comprises a device for introducing said binding wire (6) at its meshing position within said thread (7), said invitation device (49) comprising a curved conveying surface (56) which directs said binding thread (6) into the forced feed and guide duct formed by said thread (7) and said hood (38). 8.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 7 characterized in that said winding block (3) is structured in the form of a binding head (53) comprising a first half-head or upper half-head and a second half-head or lower half-head, each comprising a half-shell and a half-cap, the mutual coupling of said upper half-head and said lower half-head constituting said binding head (53), said upper half-head comprising a first half-shell (1) on which it is fixed a first half-shell (36), said first half-shell (36) being movable transversely and orthogonally with respect to said first half-shell (1) between an extracted and external position with respect to said first half-shell (1) and an insertion position within said first half-shell (1) first half-shell (1), said first half-shell (36) being fixed to said first half-shell (1) by means of guides (48) which guide the movement action of said first half-cap (36) between said extracted and inserted positions, said first half-shell (1) supporting a first drive (39) controlling a traction of said first half-hood (36) from said extracted position to said insertion position and vice versa commanding a thrust of said first half-cap (36) from said insertion position to said extracted position, said lower half-head comprising a second half-shell (2) on which a second half-hood (37), called second half-hood (37) is movably fixed being movable transversely and orthogonally with respect to said second half-shell (2) between an extracted and external position with respect to said second half-shell (2) and an insertion position within said second half-shell (2), said second half-shell (37) being fixed to said second half-shell (2) by means of guides (48) which guide the movement of said second half-cap (37) between said extracted and inserted positions, called seco a half-shell (2) supporting a second drive (40) controlling a pull of said second half-cap (37) from said extracted position to said insertion position and vice versa controlling a thrust of said second half-cap (37) from said insertion position to said position extracted. 9.- Binding device according to the preceding claim characterized in that said upper half-head and said lower half-head constituting said binding head (53) are supported and moved by means of support arms (50), a support frame (47) comprising a first support (45) which is moved horizontally by means of a first piston (41) to carry out the movement towards said bundle (9) of said first half-head or upper half-head consisting of said first half-shell (1) and said first half-cap ( 36), said first support (45) comprising guide means of said arm (50) which guide said arm (50) of said first half-head or upper half-head vertically by means of a third piston (43) to carry out a closing movement of said first half-head on said bundle (9) to be tied, said support frame (47) comprising a second support (46) which is moved horizontally by means of a second piston and (42) to carry out the movement towards said bundle (9) of said second half-head or lower half-head constituted by said second half-shell (2) and said second half-cap (37), said second support (46) comprising guide means for said arm (50) which guide said arm (50) of said second half-head or lower half-head vertically by means of a fourth piston (44) to carry out the closing movement of said second half-head on said bundle (9) to be tied. 10.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a wheel (8) for making a binding (16) for closing said binding carried out by means of said binding thread (6), said wheel (8) comprising: - an inlet seat (11) consisting of a hole through which said binding thread (6) and possibly said guide needle (35) which constitutes the feeding duct of said binding thread ( 6) towards said winding block (3); - an outlet seat (10) within which said binding wire (6) coming from said winding block (3) is received after said binding wire has been wound in a spiral around said bundle (9); - an inlet blocking device (14) adapted to block said binding wire (6) at its tail, said inlet blocking device (14) being positioned in correspondence with said inlet seat (11); - an outlet locking device (13) adapted to lock said binding wire (6) at its head, said outlet locking device (13) being positioned in correspondence with said outlet seat (10); said tying wheel (8) being rotated around its own axis (12) after locking said tying thread (6) by means of said inlet locking device (14) and outlet locking device ( 13), said wheel (8) for making the tie being rotated by drive means (15) which rotate said wheel (8), this rotation involving the mutual winding of the ends of said tying thread ( 6) one on the other giving rise both to the formation of said tie (16) for closing said tie, and to the recall of said tie wire (6) from said spiral of tying, this action of recall of said wire involving a tightening of said bundle (9). 11.- Binding device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in correspondence with said wheel (8) there are means suitable for cutting (21) said binding thread (6), said means suitable for cutting (21) being from a cutting head located in correspondence with said wheel (8), said cutting head being provided with ducts within which cutting tools (57) slide which are movable from a retracted position to an extended position in which said cutting tools (57) come out of the respective said ducts to move to a cutting portion to effect the cutting of said binding wire (6). 12.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 10 to 11 characterized in that it comprises a pusher assembly (58), said pusher group (58) being equipped with a roller (59) at one end thereof, said pusher assembly (58) being moved by the actuation means after making said tie (16), said roller (59) by bending said tie (16) folding said tie (16) on said bundle (9), possibly up to a condition of insertion of said tie (16) within said bundle (9). 13.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 10 to 12, characterized by the fact that it comprises means suitable for detecting the presence of said binding wire (6) in correspondence with said outlet seat (10), the actuation of said outlet locking device (13) taking place following the detection of the presence of said binding thread (6) in correspondence with said outlet seat (10), said means suitable for detecting the presence of said binding thread (6 ) being selected from the group consisting of a sensor (17) suitable for detecting the presence of said binding thread (6) once said binding thread (6) has exited beyond said output blocking means (13), a encoder (31) shows the presence of said binding wire (6) in correspondence with said outlet seat (10) by measuring the length of said binding wire (6) delivered into said forced duct formed by the assembly of said cap of avvo winding (38) and said thread (7). 14.- Binding device according to any one of the preceding claims from 1 to 13 characterized in that it comprises means suitable for moving said bundle (9), said movement being suitable for making at least two bundles on said bundle (9) in correspondence of different binding points of said bundle (9). 15.- Binding device in accordance with the preceding claim characterized in that said bundle (9) is a toroidal coil and that said means suitable for moving said bundle (9) are at least a base (23) for receiving said bundles (9), said base (23) being able to rotate said bundle (9) in the form of coils, said base (23) comprising retention elements (28) suitable for containing said bundles (9) both externally and internally with respect to said bundle (9), said base (23) comprising at least one internal opening (26) arranged in the internal area with respect to said bundle (9) to be bonded and extending from the bottom of said base (23) until reaching the area external with respect to said bundle (9) to be tied constituting a lateral opening (27) in correspondence with at least each of the tying points provided radially on said reel or bundle (9), said internal opening (26) and said lateral opening (27) constituting spaces free from obstructions d the said base (23) and said retention elements (28), within said free spaces, the reciprocal closure of said at least two portions or shells (1, 2) of said winding block (3) for making said spiral, surrounding said bundle (9). 16.- Method of binding material collected in bundles by applying a binding thread according to the operation of the device in accordance with the preceding claims, said method comprising the steps of: - Horizontal and parallel movement of said first half-head or upper half-head and said second half-head or lower half-head to bring them into the binding position; - Vertical movement in mutual approach of said first half-head or upper half-head and said second half-head or lower half-head to bring them into the position of mutual coupling of said coupling surfaces (29) to form said binding head (53); - Movement of said first half-cap (36) and said second half-cap (37) to bring them into the position of insertion into said winding block (3) with the formation of said forced conduit for guiding said tying wire (6) in which said duct is formed by said thread (7) of said winding block (3) and by said hood (38); - Movement of said guide needle (35) through said inlet blocking means (14) in the release condition, through said inlet seat (11) present on said tie-making wheel (8), through said inlet duct (4) present on said winding block (3) with transversal crossing within said bundle (9); - Adduction of said binding thread (6) inside said guide needle (35) with passage of said binding thread (6) through said inlet locking means (14) in release condition, through said inlet seat ( 11) present on said tie-making wheel (8), through said inlet duct (4) present on said winding block (3) with transversal crossing within the bundle (9); - Adduction of said binding thread (6) inside said guide needle (35) until reaching the meshing position on said thread (7) of said winding block (3); - Meshing of said binding thread (6) on said thread (7), the meshing being preferably favored by said means (49) adapted to guide said binding thread (6) on said thread (7) according to the direction which guides said wire towards said outlet conduit (5); - Winding of said binding wire (6) around said bundle (9) to be tightened in a spiral, the binding wire (6) being guided into said forced duct consisting of said thread (7) present on said winding block ( 3) and from said cap (38); - Exit of said binding thread (6) through said output conduit (5) present on said winding block (3), the entrance of said binding thread (6) in said output conduit (5) being favored by means suitable for guiding the thread from said thread (7) to said outlet conduit (5); - Passing of said tying thread (6) through said outlet seat (10) present on said tying wheel (8); - Passing of said binding thread (6) through said outlet blocking means (13); - Detection of the presence of said binding thread (6) after passing through said exit blocking means (13); - Stopping the advancement of said binding wire (6); - Locking said binding wire (6) by means of said outlet locking means (13); - Movement of said first half-hood (36) and said second half-hood (37) to bring them into the extraction position from said winding block (3); - Traction of said binding wire (6) from the opposite end with respect to that which was previously blocked by said outlet locking means (13), such traction entailing the tightening of the spiral formed by the binding wire on the bundle (9) ; - Locking said binding thread by means of said inlet locking means (14); - Cutting said binding thread (6) by means of said means (21) suitable for cutting said binding thread (6); - Activation of said actuation means (15) which rotate said tie-making wheel (8) around its own axis (12), this rotation involving the reciprocal winding of the ends of said tying thread (6) one on the other giving rise both to the formation of said closing tie (16), and to the recall of said binding thread (6) from the tying spiral, this action of recalling the thread entailing a further tightening of said bundle (9 ); - Unlocking said binding thread (6) by releasing said inlet locking means (14); - Unlocking said binding thread (6) by releasing said output locking means (13); - Opening of said first half-head or upper half-head and second half-head or lower half-head releasing said bundle (9).