ITPR20120097A1 - INSULATING PANEL AND RELATIVE SYSTEM AND OBTAINING PROCESS. - Google Patents
INSULATING PANEL AND RELATIVE SYSTEM AND OBTAINING PROCESS. Download PDFInfo
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- ITPR20120097A1 ITPR20120097A1 IT000097A ITPR20120097A ITPR20120097A1 IT PR20120097 A1 ITPR20120097 A1 IT PR20120097A1 IT 000097 A IT000097 A IT 000097A IT PR20120097 A ITPR20120097 A IT PR20120097A IT PR20120097 A1 ITPR20120097 A1 IT PR20120097A1
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- Prior art keywords
- straw
- binder
- natural
- distribution
- binders
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005613 synthetic organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011416 natural hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
- E04B1/90—Insulating elements for both heat and sound slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/006—Pretreatment of moulding material for increasing resistance to swelling by humidity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Description
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
TITOLO: PANNELLO ISOLANTE E RELATIVO IMPIANTO E PROCESSO DI OTTENIMENTO. TITLE: INSULATING PANEL AND RELATED INSTALLATION AND PROCESS OF OBTAINING.
CAMPO DI APPLICAZIONE DELL’INVENZIONE FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
Il presente trovato si inserisce nel campo dei materiali isolanti e della loro realizzazione, in forma di pannello, a base di un alternativo materiale naturale e rinnovabile, quindi ecologico. The present invention is part of the field of insulating materials and their construction, in the form of a panel, based on an alternative natural and renewable material, therefore ecological.
STATO DELL’ARTE STATE OF THE ART
La riduzione delle dispersioni, termiche/acustiche, negli edifici à ̈ uno dei fattori che devono essere tenuti in considerazione nella progettazione edilizia, civile o industriale, e i pannelli isolanti costituiscono l’elemento chiave nel miglioramento delle prestazioni energetiche di un edificio. The reduction of thermal / acoustic dispersions in buildings is one of the factors that must be taken into consideration in building design, civil or industrial, and insulating panels are the key element in improving the energy performance of a building.
La richiesta di benessere e comfort à ̈ strettamente collegata all’isolamento ottenuto, sia termico che acustico. In aggiunta ciò costituisce anche un risparmio energetico. The request for well-being and comfort is closely linked to the insulation obtained, both thermal and acoustic. In addition this also constitutes an energy saving.
Fra i vari sistemi appositamente previsti a tal scopo sono noti i pannelli in EPS intonacati, normalmente conosciuti con il termine di “cappotto†, sistema di isolamento inscindibile costituito principalmente da una lastra isolante in polistirene sinterizzato e/o ad alta densità . Among the various systems specifically envisaged for this purpose, the plastered EPS panels are known, normally known with the term â € œcappottoâ €, an inseparable insulation system consisting mainly of an insulating plate in sintered and / or high-density polystyrene.
Più in generale, oltre al sistema del tipo a cappotto sopra descritto, sono noti diversi sistemi di coibentazione e isolamento che utilizzano materiali rinnovabili, quali il legno, fibre di vetro ecc…, al fine di ottenere uno strato coibente con materiali a bassa conducibilità termica, tali da garantire una diminuzione della trasmittanza del paramento murario perimetrale o del solaio di copertura. More generally, in addition to the external insulation system described above, various insulation and insulation systems are known that use renewable materials, such as wood, glass fibers, etc., in order to obtain an insulating layer with low conductivity materials. thermal, such as to guarantee a decrease in the transmittance of the perimeter wall face or of the roof slab.
Nella letteratura si riscontrano diverse tipologie di materiali adoperabili per la realizzazione di pannelli isolanti naturali e tra questi ci sono: In the literature there are different types of materials that can be used for the construction of natural insulating panels and among these there are:
- Argilla espansa, - Expanded clay,
- Perlite e vermiculite espansa, entrambe varietà di rocce vulcaniche - Perlite and expanded vermiculite, both varieties of volcanic rocks
- Pomice, - Pumice,
- Vetro cellulare espanso, - Expanded cellular glass,
- Fibra di legno e/o mineralizzata, - Wood and / or mineralized fiber,
- Fibra di canapa, - Hemp fiber,
- Fibra di lino, - Linen fiber,
- Fibra di cocco, - Coconut fiber,
- Sughero - Cork
Tutti i suddetti materiali consentono di produrre pannelli isolanti; alcuni, pur presentando una buona conduttività termica, richiedono un utilizzo di risorse primarie non rigenerabili o rigenerabili a lungo termine e al limite un ciclo produttivo oneroso con, in alcuni casi, il bilancio ecologico stesso poco vantaggioso o ancora scarsamente riciclabile. All the aforesaid materials allow to produce insulating panels; some, despite having good thermal conductivity, require the use of primary resources that cannot be regenerated or regenerated in the long term and at the limit an onerous production cycle with, in some cases, the ecological balance itself which is not very advantageous or still scarcely recyclable.
ESPOSIZIONE E VANTAGGI DEL TROVATO EXPOSURE AND ADVANTAGES OF THE FOUND
Scopo del presente trovato à ̈ quello di mettere a disposizione della tecnica un alternativo pannello isolante e la sua fabbricazione. The purpose of the present invention is to make an alternative insulating panel and its manufacture available to the art.
Il materiale base in questione à ̈ la paglia di cereali, opportunamente trattata e agglomerata come nel seguito descritto, che consente di ottenere una più che soddisfacente conduttività termica evitando allo stesso tempo i diversi inconvenienti dei materiali già utilizzati nei pannelli isolanti dello stato della tecnica. The basic material in question is cereal straw, suitably treated and agglomerated as described below, which allows to obtain a more than satisfactory thermal conductivity while at the same time avoiding the various drawbacks of the materials already used in the insulating panels of the state of the art.
Altro scopo dell’invenzione à ̈ quello di proporre tre metodi per la realizzazione di pannelli a base paglia; il primo procedimento, messo a punto per miscelare la paglia con leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere, comprende le seguenti fasi: Another purpose of the invention is to propose three methods for making straw-based panels; the first procedure, developed to mix the straw with natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with powder additives, includes the following phases:
a. il lavaggio della paglia con acqua e successiva decantazione per eliminare l’acqua in eccesso, b. distribuzione uniforme di uno più leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere sulla paglia bagnata/umida to. washing the straw with water and subsequent decanting to eliminate excess water, b. uniform distribution of one or more natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with powder additives on wet / damp straw
c. contemporaneamente alla suddetta distribuzione, mescolatura continua della paglia al fine di favorire l’adesione del legante in polvere alla paglia umida d. distribuzione della paglia e legante in appositi casseri o forme mediante apertura e deposito delle fibre lunghe che costituiscono la paglia. c. at the same time as the aforementioned distribution, continuous mixing of the straw in order to favor the adhesion of the powdered binder to the wet straw d. distribution of the straw and binder in suitable formworks or forms by opening and depositing the long fibers that make up the straw.
Il secondo procedimento, messo a punto per miscelare la paglia di cereali con polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici, prevede: The second procedure, developed to mix cereal straw with natural and / or synthetic organic polymers, includes:
a. insufflaggio di aria compressa e successiva aspirazione delle polveri e delle sue impurità , to. blowing of compressed air and subsequent suction of dust and its impurities,
b. distribuzione del polimero organico naturale e/o sintetico per nebulizzazione sulla paglia e contemporanea mescolatura continua della paglia al fine di favorire l’adesione sullo stelo della paglia stessa, b. distribution of the natural and / or synthetic organic polymer by nebulization on the straw and simultaneous continuous mixing of the straw in order to favor the adhesion on the stem of the straw itself,
c. distribuzione della paglia e legante in appositi casseri o forme mediante apertura e deposito delle fibre lunghe che costituiscono la paglia. c. distribution of the straw and binder in suitable formworks or forms by opening and depositing the long fibers that make up the straw.
Il terzo procedimento, messo a punto per miscelare la paglia di cereali con una miscela di leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere e polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici, prevede: The third procedure, developed to mix cereal straw with a mixture of natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with additives in powder and natural and / or synthetic organic polymers, provides:
a. insufflaggio di aria compressa e successiva aspirazione delle polveri e delle sue impurità , to. blowing of compressed air and subsequent suction of dust and its impurities,
b. distribuzione dei polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici per nebulizzazione e successiva distribuzione uniforme di uno o più leganti in polvere sulla paglia con contemporanea mescolatura continua della paglia al fine di favorire l’adesione della miscela legante sullo stelo della paglia stessa, b. distribution of natural and / or synthetic organic polymers by nebulization and subsequent uniform distribution of one or more powder binders on the straw with simultaneous continuous mixing of the straw in order to favor the adhesion of the binder mixture on the straw stem,
c. distribuzione della paglia e legante in appositi casseri o forme mediante apertura e deposito delle fibre lunghe che costituiscono la paglia. c. distribution of the straw and binder in suitable formworks or forms by opening and depositing the long fibers that make up the straw.
Un primo vantaggio à ̈ rappresentato dal fatto che i pannelli dell’invenzione possono realizzarsi industrialmente con costi competitivi. A first advantage is represented by the fact that the panels of the invention can be manufactured industrially with competitive costs.
Un altro aspetto importante dell’invenzione à ̈ l’uso di un materiale ampiamente reperibile, oltre che naturale e biocompatibile, in modo da ottenere un notevole abbattimento della produzione di anidride carbonica (CO<2>) e dei costi, senza deturpare foreste o distogliere piantagioni per produzioni specifiche, anche considerando la possibilità di dislocare differenti cicli produttivi in differenti aree geografiche, riducendo così al minimo i trasporti con notevoli benefici a livello ambientale ed economico. Another important aspect of the invention is the use of a widely available material, as well as natural and biocompatible, in order to obtain a significant reduction in the production of carbon dioxide (CO <2>) and costs, without disfiguring forests or divert plantations for specific productions, also considering the possibility of dislocating different production cycles in different geographical areas, thus reducing transport to a minimum with considerable environmental and economic benefits.
Un altro aspetto, non meno importante à ̈ l’efficiente valore di conduttività termica del pannello, che i primi test su campioni lo hanno certificato 0,049 W/m°K che rende il trovato adatto negli impieghi edilizi come strato coibente. La prova che certifica il suddetto valore à ̈ stata condotta su un provino di 55mm di spessore con temperatura media della superficie “calda†di 16,7°C e quella “fredda†di 3,22°C e quindi un salto termico di 13,48°C. La durata della prova à ̈ stata di 8 ore. Another aspect, no less important, is the efficient thermal conductivity value of the panel, which the first tests on samples have certified 0.049 W / m ° K which makes the invention suitable for building uses as an insulating layer. The test that certifies the aforementioned value was conducted on a 55mm thick specimen with an average `` hot '' surface temperature of 16.7 ° C and the `` cold '' one of 3.22 ° C and therefore a thermal jump of 13.48 ° C. The duration of the test was 8 hours.
Detti scopi e vantaggi sono tutti raggiunti dal pannello isolante e relativo processo di ottenimento, oggetto del presente trovato, che si caratterizza per quanto previsto nelle sotto riportate rivendicazioni. Said objects and advantages are all achieved by the insulating panel and the relative process of obtaining it, object of the present invention, which is characterized by what is provided in the following claims.
BREVE DESCRIZIONE DELLE FIGURE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Questa ed altre caratteristiche risulteranno maggiormente evidenziate dalla descrizione seguente di alcune forme di realizzazione illustrate, a puro titolo esemplificativo e non limitativo nelle unite tavole di disegno. This and other characteristics will become more evident from the following description of some embodiments illustrated, purely by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawing tables.
- Figura 1: illustra un esempio di pannello secondo l’oggetto del trovato, - Figure 1: illustrates an example of a panel according to the object of the invention,
- Figura 2, 3 e 4: illustrano tre procedimenti per realizzare il pannello in oggetto. - Figures 2, 3 and 4: illustrate three processes for making the panel in question.
DESCRIZIONE DEL TROVATO DESCRIPTION OF THE FOUND
Con particolare riferimento alla figura 1, si indica con 1 nel suo complesso il pannello isolante oggetto del trovato. With particular reference to Figure 1, the insulating panel object of the invention is indicated as a whole with 1.
A titolo d’esempio esso reca le seguenti dimensioni: larghezza 60 cm, lunghezza 120 cm, spessore variabile da 2 cm a 8 cm; il pannello potrà avere diverse densità , ottenibili dosando in maniera opportuna il materiale entro lo stampo/cassero di formatura, come meglio specificato più avanti. By way of example, it has the following dimensions: width 60 cm, length 120 cm, variable thickness from 2 cm to 8 cm; the panel may have different densities, which can be obtained by dosing in an appropriate manner the material within the mold / formwork, as better specified below.
Il pannello 1, oggetto del trovato, Ã ̈ composto principalmente da paglia di cereali, compressa e unita con leganti del tipo naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati e/o polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici. The panel 1, object of the invention, is mainly composed of cereal straw, compressed and joined with binders of the natural type and / or cementitious derivatives with additives and / or natural and / or synthetic organic polymers.
La paglia di cereali che compone il pannello deve avere le seguenti caratteristiche: essere a fibra lunga cioà ̈ non deve essere ne macinata ne tagliuzzata. The cereal straw that makes up the panel must have the following characteristics: be long-fiber, that is, it must not be ground or shredded.
La forma preferita di realizzazione prevede si utilizzino leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere, dove per leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere si intendono uno o in combinazione i seguenti componenti: The preferred embodiment provides for the use of natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with powder additives, where by natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with additives in powder one or in combination of the following components are meant:
- Cemento; potrà essere di tipo portland o di tipo naturale Prompt (detto anche cemento romano) che à ̈ cotto a temperature molto più basse rispetto un cemento normale, - Concrete; it may be of the portland type or of the natural Prompt type (also called Roman cement) which is fired at much lower temperatures than normal cement,
- calce idraulica naturale, - natural hydraulic lime,
- calce idraulica ottenuta dalla combinazione di cemento con additivi, - hydraulic lime obtained by combining cement with additives,
- calce aerea. - air lime.
I suddetti leganti saranno miscelati insieme o singolarmente e con diversi rapporti di peso a seconda della diversa densità del materassino. The aforementioned binders will be mixed together or individually and with different weight ratios according to the different density of the mat.
In alternativa, la paglia di cereali potrà essere legata e trattenuta da polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici quali: Alternatively, the cereal straw can be tied and retained by natural and / or synthetic organic polymers such as:
- colle ureiche termoindurenti, - thermosetting urea glues,
- colle viniliche, - vinyl glues,
- resine, - resins,
- colle acriliche, - acrylic glues,
- colle stireniche, - styrene glues,
- colle naturali. - natural glues.
Il quantitativo della colla sarà proporzionale alla densità del pannello 1 da ottenere. The quantity of the glue will be proportional to the density of the panel 1 to be obtained.
Con particolare riferimento alla figura 2, si descrive un primo procedimento per ottenere il pannello 1 in paglia di cereali con leganti naturali e/o cementizi additivati. With particular reference to Figure 2, a first process is described for obtaining the cereal straw panel 1 with natural and / or cementitious binders with additives.
Presumibilmente la paglia 2 arriverà all’ingresso del ciclo produttivo in configurazione libera; quindi, qualora fosse riposta/accatastata sottoforma dei consueti rotoloni cilindrici, questi dovranno essere aperti in modo da srotolare la paglia ed eventualmente essiccarla così da portarla ad inizio ciclo. Presumably straw 2 will arrive at the entrance to the production cycle in a free configuration; therefore, should it be stored / stacked in the form of the usual cylindrical rolls, these must be opened in order to unroll the straw and possibly dry it so as to bring it to the beginning of the cycle.
La fase di srotolamento à ̈ indicata in figura 1 con il riferimento 3. The unwinding phase is indicated in figure 1 with reference 3.
La paglia 2 viene convogliata tramite appositi nastri trasportatori 6. The straw 2 is conveyed by means of special conveyor belts 6.
Va ribadito il fatto che nessun trattamento di macinazione o tagliuzzamento deve essere applicato alla paglia così da preservare la naturale lunghezza della sua fibra. It should be emphasized that no grinding or shredding treatment must be applied to the straw in order to preserve the natural length of its fiber.
La prima fase del processo, riferimento 4, prevede il lavaggio della paglia con acqua, eventualmente anticipato da insufflaggio 5 di aria con contemporanea aspirazione delle impurità e polveri presenti. The first phase of the process, reference 4, involves washing the straw with water, possibly anticipated by blowing 5 of air with simultaneous suction of the impurities and dust present.
Il suddetto lavaggio potrà avvenire per immersione, in vasca, o per nebulizzazione, con ugelli/doccia appositi. The aforementioned washing can be done by immersion, in the tub, or by nebulization, with special nozzles / showers.
Nell’esempio si mostra la soluzione ad ugelli. The nozzle solution is shown in the example.
Successivamente il procedimento prevede di lasciare la paglia a riposo così da scolare l’acqua in eccesso. Detta fase viene realizzata mediante un nastro trasportatore 7 grigliato e/o vibrante il quale, scuotendo la paglia, la libera dall’acqua in eccesso lasciandola però umida per le fasi seguenti. Subsequently the procedure foresees to leave the straw to rest so as to drain the excess water. This phase is carried out by means of a grilled and / or vibrating conveyor belt 7 which, by shaking the straw, frees it from excess water, leaving it moist for the following phases.
La successiva fase à ̈ quella che prevede la distribuzione uniforme dell’uno o più leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere sulla paglia bagnata/umida. The next phase is that which provides for the uniform distribution of one or more natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with additives in powder on wet / damp straw.
La paglia viene convogliata sotto ad uno o più setacci 8 vibranti che rilasciano in maniera uniforme la polvere di legante nel quantitativo predefinito. The straw is conveyed under one or more vibrating sieves 8 which uniformly release the binder powder in the predefined quantity.
In contemporanea alla suddetta distribuzione si prevede una mescolatura continua della paglia con mezzi/macchinari 9 che la rigirano miscelandola alla polvere di legante in caduta sugli steli della paglia umidificata. At the same time as the aforesaid distribution, continuous mixing of the straw is provided with means / machinery 9 which turn it over and mix it with the binder powder falling on the stalks of the humidified straw.
Il legante aggiunto potrà essere di un solo tipo, ad esempio solamente calce idrata; in alternativa si può utilizzare un mix di calce idrata e cemento, come in precedenza specificato. The added binder can be of only one type, for example only hydrated lime; alternatively, a mix of hydrated lime and cement can be used, as previously specified.
Segue la distribuzione 10 della paglia e relativo legante in appositi casseri 11 o forme o stampi. I casseri sono già dotati di spondine distanziatrici che dovranno sostenere i successivi casseri. This is followed by the distribution 10 of the straw and relative binder in suitable formworks 11 or molds or molds. The formworks are already equipped with spacers which will have to support the subsequent formworks.
La distribuzione del peso sarà in funzione della densità finale che si desidera ottenere del pannello. The weight distribution will depend on the final density of the panel to be obtained.
La paglia non deve essere semplicemente fatta cadere nel cassero ma deve essere distribuita in modo uniforme tramite, ad esempio, meccanismo tipo ruota 12 dentata cosicché, cadendo, la paglia 2 stessa formi un intreccio casuale delle fibre lunghe non tagliuzzate né macinate. The straw must not simply be dropped into the formwork but must be distributed evenly through, for example, a toothed wheel mechanism 12 so that, falling, the straw 2 itself forms a random intertwining of the long fibers not shredded or ground.
Infine la pressatura mediante posatura del successivo cassero sovrastante. Finally, pressing by placing the next formwork above.
La pila 13 così formata di casseri sarà mantenuta serrata (ad esempio con blocco di cemento) per il tempo necessario alla formatura; all’incirca 24 ore ma questo valore à ̈ anche in funzione del clima nell’ambiente di riposo. The pile 13 thus formed of formworks will be kept tight (for example with a concrete block) for the time necessary for forming; approximately 24 hours but this value is also a function of the climate in the resting environment.
In ogni caso, quando il pannello avrà raggiunto la giusta consistenza, sarà scasserato e rifilato e accatastato per raggiungere la giusta maturazione. In any case, when the panel has reached the right consistency, it will be stripped and trimmed and stacked to reach the right ripeness.
Con particolare riferimento alla figura 3, si descrive ora il procedimento per ottenere il pannello 1 in paglia di cereali con polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici di seguito e per semplicità nominati “colla†. With particular reference to Figure 3, the procedure for obtaining the panel 1 in cereal straw with natural and / or synthetic organic polymers is now described, hereinafter referred to as â € œglueâ € for the sake of simplicity.
La paglia, una volta aperta ed eventualmente essiccata, viene convogliata tramite nastro trasportatore verso una zona di insufflaggio mediante aria compressa e sarà rigonfiata in soffice; quindi si prevede una fase di aspirazione delle polveri e delle sue impurità . The straw, once opened and possibly dried, is conveyed by means of a conveyor belt to an blowing area by means of compressed air and will be swollen softly; therefore a phase of aspiration of the powders and its impurities is foreseen.
Come nel precedente metodo descritto per il caso dei leganti in polvere, nessun trattamento di macinazione o tagliuzzamento deve essere applicato alla paglia così da preservare la naturale lunghezza della sua fibra. As in the previous method described for the case of powdered binders, no grinding or shredding treatment must be applied to the straw in order to preserve the natural length of its fiber.
La paglia così liberata dalle impurità subirà la distribuzione della colla: il materiale passerà sotto nebulizzatori che distribuiranno in maniera uniforme il giusto quantitativo di legante. The straw thus freed from impurities will undergo the distribution of the glue: the material will pass under nebulizers which will distribute the right amount of binder evenly.
Come nella procedura precedente, appositi macchinari provvedono a rigirare continuamente la paglia così da uniformare la distribuzione del legante tra gli steli. As in the previous procedure, special machines continuously turn the straw so as to uniform the distribution of the binder between the stalks.
Segue la distribuzione della paglia e relativo legante nei casseri, o stampi già dotati di spondine distanziatrici sulle quali appoggeranno i successivi casseri. This is followed by the distribution of the straw and its binder in the formworks, or molds already equipped with spacer sides on which the subsequent formworks will rest.
Importante à ̈ il modo in cui la paglia viene messa nel cassero, non deve essere semplicemente fatta cadere nel cassero ma deve essere distribuita in modo uniforme, tramite ruota dentata, in soffice a singoli steli in modo da formare un intreccio casuale delle fibre; la pressatura sarà garantita dal successivo cassero che verrà posato sopra e successivamente schiacciato con blocco di cemento per circa 24 ore ( a seconda della stagione) o con pressa a caldo. The way in which the straw is placed in the formwork is important, it must not simply be dropped into the formwork but must be distributed evenly, by means of a toothed wheel, in soft single stems in order to form a random intertwining of the fibers; pressing will be ensured by the subsequent formwork which will be placed on top and then crushed with a concrete block for about 24 hours (depending on the season) or with a hot press.
Una variante dei processi sopra descritti, potrà prevedere una maturazione accelerata dell’essiccatura mediante insufflaggio forzato di aria calda. A variant of the processes described above could provide for an accelerated curing of the drying by means of forced blowing of hot air.
Quando il pannello avrà raggiunto la giusta consistenza sarà scasserato e rifilato e accatastato per raggiungere la giusta maturazione. When the panel has reached the right consistency, it will be broken apart and trimmed and stacked to reach the right ripeness.
Con particolare riferimento alla figura 4, si descrive ora un terzo procedimento, messo a punto per miscelare la paglia di cereali con una miscela di leganti naturali e/o derivati cementizi additivati in polvere e polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici, prevede: With particular reference to Figure 4, a third process is now described, developed to mix cereal straw with a mixture of natural binders and / or cementitious derivatives with powder additives and natural and / or synthetic organic polymers, which includes:
a. insufflaggio di aria compressa e successiva aspirazione delle polveri e delle sue impurità , to. blowing of compressed air and subsequent suction of dust and its impurities,
b. distribuzione dei polimeri organici naturali e/o sintetici per nebulizzazione e successiva distribuzione uniforme di uno o più leganti in polvere sulla paglia con contemporanea mescolatura continua della paglia al fine di favorire l’adesione della miscela legante sullo stelo della paglia stessa, b. distribution of natural and / or synthetic organic polymers by nebulization and subsequent uniform distribution of one or more powder binders on the straw with simultaneous continuous mixing of the straw in order to favor the adhesion of the binder mixture on the straw stem,
c. distribuzione della paglia e legante in appositi casseri o forme mediante apertura e deposito delle fibre lunghe che costituiscono la paglia. c. distribution of the straw and binder in suitable formworks or forms by opening and depositing the long fibers that make up the straw.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000097A ITPR20120097A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | INSULATING PANEL AND RELATIVE SYSTEM AND OBTAINING PROCESS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000097A ITPR20120097A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | INSULATING PANEL AND RELATIVE SYSTEM AND OBTAINING PROCESS. |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ITPR20120097A1 true ITPR20120097A1 (en) | 2014-06-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000097A ITPR20120097A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | INSULATING PANEL AND RELATIVE SYSTEM AND OBTAINING PROCESS. |
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| Country | Link |
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| IT (1) | ITPR20120097A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT202100003767A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-18 | Desuneco S R L | IMPROVED TYPE BREATHABLE THERMAL INSULATION PANEL |
| IT202100007919A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-09-30 | PRESPAGLIA Srls | PANEL FOR THERMAL COAT |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3602381A1 (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-30 | Guenter Ikemann | Process for producing structural elements in the form of slabs or blocks from straw materials occurring during the harvesting of cereals |
| DE3902023A1 (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-26 | Joseph Darma | Building material board made of natural fibres or waste products of plant origin and obtaining the fibres thereof |
| EP0556577A1 (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1993-08-25 | Ludwig Krickl | Molded article containing cellulose and process for obtaining the same |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 IT IT000097A patent/ITPR20120097A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3602381A1 (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-30 | Guenter Ikemann | Process for producing structural elements in the form of slabs or blocks from straw materials occurring during the harvesting of cereals |
| DE3902023A1 (en) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-26 | Joseph Darma | Building material board made of natural fibres or waste products of plant origin and obtaining the fibres thereof |
| EP0556577A1 (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1993-08-25 | Ludwig Krickl | Molded article containing cellulose and process for obtaining the same |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT202100003767A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-18 | Desuneco S R L | IMPROVED TYPE BREATHABLE THERMAL INSULATION PANEL |
| IT202100007919A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-09-30 | PRESPAGLIA Srls | PANEL FOR THERMAL COAT |
| EP4067598A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-05 | Prespaglia Srls | Panel for thermal insulation |
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