ITPC960019A1 - CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR THE REALIZATION OF COVERINGS FOR LARGE SPACES, WITH FRAME CONSISTING OF SHAPED SHEET CLADDINGS - Google Patents

Description

CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR THE REALIZATION OF COVERINGS FOR LARGE SPACES, WITH A STRUCTURE MADE UP OF SHAPED SHEET ARCHARECCI

The present invention proposes a constructive system for the construction of covers for large spans, which provides for the use of a framework consisting of purlins in shaped sheet metal to be positioned on the supporting framework of a building at a variable distance according to the span and loads, and by roofing and ceiling elements, which can be constituted by insulated panels or the like, to be fixed to said purlins. In accordance with an aspect of the invention, these roofing and ceiling panels have the ribs directed orthogonal to the purlins.

In this way, a structure capable of covering considerable spans, of 5-10 meters and more, is created with light elements, which can be easily transported and maneuvered without the need to resort to lifting equipment, which is economical to produce simple and quick to assemble.

For the construction of both civil and industrial building roofs, various solutions are known ranging from traditional masonry structures to metal structures.

The former, one of which is schematically illustrated in fig. 1, provide for the use of generally reinforced concrete joists, between which brick piers are arranged, to then complete the slab with a concrete hood.

Other similar solutions (see fig. 2) involve the use of prefabricated panels generally made of reinforced concrete with lightening piers, and the subsequent completion of the slab with a concrete casting.

These are remarkably heavy structures, which require considerable assembly times and skilled labor.

Roofs with metal structures generally involve the laying of load-bearing elements consisting of hot-rolled metal profiles (IPE, HE, etc.), or reticular structures usually in steel, which are then completed with roofing panels and / or sheets (fig. 3 ).

When, especially at larger spans, a high moment of inertia is required to keep the deflection under load within acceptable limits, the weight per linear meter (and consequently the cost) of each hot section is very high.

It is possible to resort to reticular structures built ad hoc, obtaining greater rigidity and lightness, but, this time due to the greater processing required, the cost is high.

Finally, the use of self-supporting corrugated sheets is known, placed orthogonally to the primary structures, which constitute the support for the overlying roof and at the same time the intrados of the roof itself (see fig. 4).

However, these sheets, in the standard heights normally available on the market, are suitable for covering spans up to 3-5 meters, while being unsuitable for covering upper spans.

To overcome this drawback, high-height corrugated sheets, even higher than 200 mm, of the type illustrated in figure 5 were used. 'uncertain technical-economic result, are characterized by a strong instability caused by the high height / thickness ratio of the sheets.

Due to the obvious consistency of the thickness in all parts of the sheet, for the purposes of the calculation there is a lot of useless material in the compressed parts and lack of it in the really resistant parts.

Furthermore, if a pre-coated intrados is desired, all the relevant development of the sheets will be pre-painted, with high costs.

Generally, these coverings do not involve the use of a ceiling. While the ribbed sheets of limited height of fig. 4 represent a good solution (for spans up to 3-5 meters), the solution with high-height corrugated sheets appears as a forcing of the previous one. To obviate the aforementioned drawbacks, the present invention proposes a construction system which provides for the construction of the load-bearing structure of the roof by means of a plurality of sheet metal purlins, preferably of the box-like type, which are fixed to the load-bearing beams of the building and which act as a support for roofing panels consisting for example of corrugated sheets or panels in sheet metal and insulating material, which are arranged with the ribs directed perpendicular to the purlins themselves. In this way it is possible to adapt the load-bearing structure to the different load situations simply by varying the center distance of the purlins in order to distribute the load over a greater or lesser number of elements depending on the case. This solution then allows to use a single type of purlin for a wide range of situations, with a considerable saving on production costs.

The present invention will now be described in detail, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached figures in which:

• Figures 6 and 7 schematically illustrate, in section along a pair of orthogonal vertical planes, a roof made with the system according to the invention;

Figure 8 is a partial perspective view of a load-bearing element in a construction system according to the invention;

• figure 9 is the perspective view, schematic, of a stiffening element used in the construction system according to the invention;

• Figure 10 schematically illustrates a detail of a further preferred version of a bearing element in a construction system according to the invention.

With reference to Figures 6 and 7, 1 indicates the load-bearing structure of a building, while 2 indicates roofing elements, which can be panels, sheets or the like.

The structure 1 is generally constituted by a metal frame, formed for example by "I" profiles or by reticular structures, but it can also be constituted by common constructive elements such as reinforced concrete beams or reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete, load-bearing walls or other.

Secondary structural elements, indicated as a whole with the number 3, rest on the profiles 1 that make up the load-bearing structure, which, in accordance with the invention, consist of purlins in folded and shaped sheet metal, closed at the bottom by a wall 4 crimped to the base, so as to create box-like load-bearing elements. These purlins 3 are fixed to the load-bearing structure, and serve as a supporting frame and fastening of the roofing panels 2. In accordance with a characteristic of the invention, the distance between the purlins 3 is a function of the bending moment that insists on the roof, in turn function of light and overall load.

In practice, these purlins are fixed to the load-bearing structure, positioning them the closer together the greater the span and / or the greater the load on the roof, so as to vary the load-bearing capacity without resorting to purlins of different heights and / or thicknesses. , but simply by varying the distance between these elements. The structure of one of these purlins is better illustrated in figure 8, where the element is depicted in perspective view.

This structural element or purlin is preferably constituted by a bearing element made of shaped sheet metal which has approximately an inverted U-shaped section, with a pair of side walls 5, preferably diverging, connected by an upper wall 6.

The side walls 5 have a plurality of ribs or projections 7 made by bending or drawing, which have the purpose of stiffening the wall against vertical loads, so as to avoid the risk of buckling due to the peak load.

The upper wall 6 has a rib 8 that affects the entire length of the purlin, in addition to a pair of ribs 9, deeper than the previous one, always obtained by suitably folding the sheet metal that constitutes the load-bearing element.

The deep ribs 9 have both the purpose of stiffening the purlin structure and to create, without drilling, as many seats in which self-tapping screws can be inserted, used to fix the roof panels to the structure thus created.

At the base, the walls 5 are folded, first on the outside and then on the inside, so as to define a pair of fins 10 of doubled thickness, which serve both to create a sufficiently large support surface, and as an abutment element for the '' insertion of a lower closing element 11, for example in suitably folded sheet metal and which is inserted on the fins 10 to create a box-like structure consisting of the union of these elements 5 and 11, which is easy and light to handle and transport while ensuring sufficient rigidity and load resistance.

The seaming between the folded walls 5 and the lower closing element 11 can be completed by spreading a layer of structural adhesive, for example of the type used in the aeronautical industry, thus making the assembly absolutely monolithic in all its parts and capable of better resist the stresses.

The lower closing walls 11, which will advantageously be pre-painted, may have a slight embossing in order to reduce light reflections and improve sound absorption.

Furthermore, the lateral edges of the fins 10 will continue upwards parallel to the walls 5, and will present at their ends a folded fin, indicated with the number 12 in Figure 8, in which the fixing clips of the ceiling elements will engage.

According to a further preferred configuration, schematized in Figure 10, these fins can be made by making the edges of the closing wall 11 continue upwards and then folding outwards.

To increase the shear strength of the purlins, stiffening elements are then provided, one of which is illustrated in perspective view in Figure 9 intended to be inserted inside the purlin in correspondence with the area where it rests on the building structure.

Preferably but not necessarily these supports include a pair of lateral uprights 23 connected by an upper crosspiece 24 and a lower crosspiece or base 25. These supports can also be made of sheet metal, or other suitable material. The constructive elements according to the invention can be produced with a continuous process by shaping a sheet metal strip by means of rolling and bending machines, to obtain the bearing elements which are cut to size and completed by applying the lower closing wall 11, which is inserted around the fins 10 of the element.

In this way, rigid and extremely light box-like bearing elements are created which can be easily transported and installed on site, without the aid of special equipment.

For (to realize the roof, once the distance between the purlins has been determined with the usual methods of construction science according to the load and the span to be covered also with the aid of abacuses, tables, diagrams for easy consultation, etc. ., these purlins are arranged by fixing them to the load-bearing structure of the building at the required distance from each other.

The covering can then be completed by arranging the covering panels on these purlins, with the ribs arranged orthogonally to the axis of the purlins themselves.

The panels and the covering sheets are preferably fixed by means of self-tapping screws 13 which are inserted in the ribs 9 (fig. 6). The covering is then completed, where necessary, with a ceiling that can be made up of panels, staves, shaped sheets, perforated or not, etc., which are arranged between the purlins, resting them with the ends on the base flaps 10 of the same folded. outwards, and fixing them by means of clips or steel springs or the like indicated with the number 14 in figure 6, which are elastically engaged in the ribs or raised edges 12 (fig. 3).

This system, by freeing up the area between the contiguous purlins, makes it possible to exploit this space for the passage of systems, cables, etc. which are then hidden from view by the ceiling elements.

Preferably, but not necessarily, a gasket layer can be provided, for example of polyurethane foam covered with a layer of adhesive, to be applied to the supporting fins 10 to avoid the transmission of vibrations.

In this way, a cover has been created that is easily adaptable to the most diverse construction requirements, capable of covering considerable spans and which is economical to produce and easy to transport and install.

An expert in the art can then provide for numerous modifications and variations, which must however be considered all included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

CLAIMS 1) Construction system for the construction of covers for large spans, characterized by the fact of providing a framework consisting of purlins in shaped sheet metal that can be positioned on the supporting framework of a building at a variable distance and roofing elements to be fixed to said purlins. 2) Construction system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said purlins are positioned at a center distance according to the span to be covered and / or the load. 3) Construction system according to claim 1, in which said roofing elements consist of shaped sheets or panels arranged with the ribs directed orthogonal to the axis of said purlins. 4) Construction system according to claim 1, in which said covering elements are constituted by insulated panels, single sheet. 5) Construction system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said purlins are box-shaped. 6) Construction system according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that said purlins consist of a folded sheet metal with a pair of interconnected side walls linked by an upper wall and by a lower closing wall made of seamed sheet or in any case fixed to the base of said vertical walls. 7) Construction system according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said purlins have side walls with the lower ends folded outwards so as to constitute support elements on the structure and at the same time elements around which the lower closing plate is folded . 8) Construction system according to claim 7, characterized by the fact of providing the edges of the lower closing plate of said folded and shaped purlins so as to create as many ribs suitable for being engaged by elastic clips for fixing the ceiling elements to be arranged between the pairs of purlins. 9) Construction system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said purlins have, on the upper wall, grooves defined by folds in the sheet, suitable for allowing the insertion of self-tapping screws for fixing the cover. 10) Construction system as described and illustrated.