ITBL20080015A1 - CENTRAL SOLAR TOWER WITH INTERCAPEDINE AND WITH GEOTHERMAL PIPES, PARTICULARLY FOR THE ENERGETIC AUTONOMY OF BUILDINGS. - Google Patents

Description

Description of the INDUSTRIAL INVENTION with the title:? SOLAR TOWER CENTRAL UNIT WITH GAP AND GEOTHERMAL DUCTS, ESPECIALLY FOR THE ENERGY AUTONOMY OF BUILDINGS? to

The present innovation relates to a particular form of power station or solar tower for the transformation of solar energy and geothermal energy into thermo-electric energy, by means of the convection of heated air, to be applied particularly on buildings of adequate height that are desired. make them totally or at least partially autonomous, in particular for the consumption of electricity, while also being able to use their ground floor or floor below the solar collection surface, for any normal civil use.

Main feature of this innovation? that of providing for the construction of a roof or inclined surface for the acquisition of solar irradiation, which surface? associated with a lower surface that encloses the air in an interspace so? heated and conveys it to the base of a fireplace, which fireplace? structurally associated and rises beyond the height of a building, causing an upward current of the heated air in the same chimney, to allow the feeding of the blades of one or more? turbines arranged substantially at its top, for the transformation into electrical energy of the upward force of the air itself, and which interspace, as well as being equipped with head deflectors for the inflow of cold air,? also associated with geothermal air adduction collectors, possibly also directly feeding the chimney, to ensure the supply of a sufficient upward current in the same chimney even in the hours of no solar irradiation of the roof.

AND? I know the principle of physics for which, in each flue of any combustion chamber, the hot air rises in the chimney for a convection process due to a difference in the specific weight of the same air, as a result of the different temperature present along the path from the base to the top? of the same chimney.

In application of this principle, for some time? has been proposed a device for the exploitation of solar energy by means of a cover above a canalization of water or other vector fluid which, heating up due to the greenhouse effect,? able to constantly supply a flow of hot air to a chimney in which? at least one turbine is arranged, for the production of electrical energy, said tower and its base being covered with a transparent sheet for capturing the solar radiation, according to the teaching of patent no. DE 2845194 of 1978.

A substantial improvement to this first technique? was proposed with the patent DE 4000100 of 1991, according to which a chimney? equipped with a series of turbines at its base, for the exploitation of the radially acquired hot air, for example, from a large inclined roof for capturing the sun's rays and forming an adequate greenhouse substantially circular around said chimney.

A practical implementation of this technique has for? highlighted some drawbacks that in fact have discouraged the continuation of use, with the abandonment of this plant.

A first significant drawback encountered in said system? given by the fact that this type of solar power plant, in order to be advantageously achievable in relation to the high construction costs, must be designed for the achievement of high power and therefore must have an absolutely extensive solar radiation capture surface, with a tower of ascent of the air that has several hundred meters high, these needs causing considerable difficulties? of construction, in particular of the tower, and considerable management problems, all linked to various factors, such as the force of the wind and the expansion values of the materials used. Due to these problems, a solar power plant of this type can? be built only in desert areas and far from inhabited centers, with further inconvenience for its normal management and routine maintenance.

Another significant drawback of this known technique? given by the fact that the hot air underneath the sheet can be conveyed towards the chimney? strongly braked, in its speed? of ascent along the chimney, from the fact that the turbines must be placed at the base of the same chimney, for obvious problems of stability? of the tower, strongly reducing the thrust power on the turbine blades, compared to the power available towards the top? of the chimney.

Yet another drawback of this known technique? what for which the entire surface below the canopy? absolutely uninhabitable, due to the high temperature of the air heated by the irradiation on the same roof, making it impractical in the application of the construction of solar towers to be associated with individual buildings that you want to make energetically autonomous.

Another drawback of the aforementioned current technique? that of not making the convective flow constant along the chimney therefore the operation of the turbines during the hours of the day, due to the variability? of solar collection between day and night, particularly in applications in desert areas where the thermal difference between day and night? very high. To overcome these drawbacks,? has been proposed a technique that involves the application of one or more? turbines at the top? of a structure having the walls made with empty elements in plastic material, suitably anchored to the ground that ensure sufficient flexibility? and lightness, according to the teaching of US patent 5,266,837 of 1992, or with the application of one or more? turbines at the base of a tower made with cylindrical elements in plastic material, equally anchored to the ground, in compliance with the teaching of the patent WO 2004/036039 of 2003.

Even these solutions have proved to be not very reliable and functional, in particular by not ensuring sufficient stability. of the chimney and the inspectability? of the turbines, particularly in the event of wind, as well as being in any case intended for applications that are still far from inhabited centers and theoretically of high power but of sure discontinuity? in the hours of exploitation.

Main task of what is the subject of this innovation? that of being able to build a solar power plant that uses the updraft of the air in a chimney, to power one or more? turbines, arranged in proximity? of its top, with which turbines to transform solar energy and geothermal energy into mainly electrical energy, in quantities that are in any case sufficient for a complete or substantial contribution to the energy autonomy of at least that building to which the chimney? solidly bound, overcoming any problem of stability? of the plant particularly from the wind. In the context of this task, another important aim of innovation? that of being able to create a canopy for capturing solar irradiation that is substantially limited to a perimeter slightly higher than the perimeter of the building or to some side of it, in relation to the quantity? of hot air that you want to introduce into the chimney and therefore the power you want to get from the solar power plant supplied to the same building, as well as in relation to the availability? of space, particularly in an urban context.

Another purpose of this innovation? that of being able to use the ground floor of the building or in any case the floor below the roof or surface for capturing solar irradiation, for normal civil uses, such as shops, offices, remittances, restaurants, etc., since? the effect of the heating from the canopy? limited to the volume of the cavity formed by the application of a lower surface to the roof itself or by a current of air that pushes the hot air of the cavity towards the chimney.

Yet another purpose of innovation? that of being able to associate with solar irradiation also the exploitation of the geothermal energy of the area on which the building stands, as a thermal flywheel, to ensure the flow of hot air along the chimney even in the absence and integration, for example at night, of the ? solar irradiation, for continuity? driving the turbines.

Not the least purpose of this innovation? that of being able to associate the capture function of the? solar irradiation with the use of heated air already? present in the stations and along the underground underground lines, as thermal energy, particularly at night and in case of reduced solar irradiation, also to complete or replace the use of geothermal energy, to always ensure the presence of an adequate upward current d? hot air that activates the turbines of the chimney.

These and other purposes are in fact perfectly achieved with the present innovation for which the realization of a roof or inclined surface is envisaged on one or more? sides of a building that aims to make it energy autonomous, at least in part, which canopy? associated with a lower surface that allows the formation of a cavity, where the air? heated by solar irradiation and? conveyed to the base of a chimney, integral with the building and of a height not lower than the building itself, causing an upward current of the air that? suitable for feeding the blades of one or more? turbines, arranged in proximity? of the upper mouth of the chimney, for the transformation of solar thermal energy into electrical energy, said cavity, as well as equipped with head deflectors, being also associated with the adduction manifolds of geothermal or other air, to ensure the power supply continuity of a sufficient upward current of air in the chimney, even in the hours of no solar irradiation of the canopy.

A better understanding of the new proposed device and an evidence of the achievement of the above indicated purposes, is given below. described and illustrated in detail, according to a constructive form of its components which? purely indicative and not limiting, also with the help of n. 3 schematic figures reproduced in the 3 attached tables and of which:

- fig. 1 of table 1 represents a vertical view of any high-rise building to which solar irradiation canopies with relative interspace are combined, and a chimney integral with said building, as well as the geothermal collection ducts, for the power supply of a series of turbines for the transformation of solar thermal energy and geothermal energy into electrical energy, for quantities that are completely or partially sufficient for the energy autonomy of the same building;

- fig. 2 of table 2 represents a plan view of the same building of fig. 1 and its canopies for capturing solar radiation, partially with a view from above and partially with a view according to the plan of section II? II of fig. 3, as well as depicting a possible development of a parallel geothermal capture pipeline, highlighting a possible arrangement of the surfaces adjacent to the building, for the purposes of the energy use in question;

- fig. 3 of table 3 represents a cross-sectional view, radial to the chimney and its canopy, according to the section plane III? III of fig. 2;

In all the figures the same details are represented, or are meant to be represented, with the same reference number.

According to the constructive solution illustrated by way of example in said figures, a building (A), one hundred meters high, has its own surface, preferably the one arranged on the south side, which? associated with a chimney (B) which slightly exceeds the height of the building itself (A).

Always according to the exemplified constructive solution, at the base of the same chimney (B)? arranged a canopy (T), for capturing solar irradiation, as well as a pair of side ducts (E - F), for the collection and conveyance of air from the garages attached to said building (A), always in function of capture of solar irradiation.

The system exemplified? then completed by the presence of a series of underground pipes (G), with relative external air intakes (10) for the collection and conveyance of the same air, with the function of geothermal feeding of said chimney (B).

Pi? in detail, the chimney (B)? made from a series of overlapping and stably joined tubular elements, for example cylindrical and made of metal sheet or suitable plastic material, to form a single cylindrical or gradually truncated conical tower which, starting from a predetermined depth, with respect to the level (L) at the base of the building (A), reaches a height that sufficiently exceeds the height of at least the wall of the building (A) at which? made integral, for example by means of suitable brackets (S) or walkways or floors which are integral with the building (B) and which are arranged along its entire height.

The presence of said brackets or floors (S) allows the creation of a chimney (B) that is not self-supporting, therefore extremely light, of minimum cost and bulk, while ensuring the possibility? of application of the turbines and other accessories specified below, in the vicinity? of its summit? or outlet, being the same turbines and their accessories arranged on floors (S) that support it, as they are integral with the load-bearing structure of the entire building (F).

The same chimney (B)? then adequately covered with insulating material (I), for its entire height protruding from the ground floor (L) of the building (A), to avoid as much as possible any form of heat dispersion of the hot air that there? destined to transit inside.

With reference to fig. 3, it is clear that the base of the chimney (B) continues in depth? beyond the level (L) of the ground floor of the building (A), to be able to insert a series of underground ducts (G10) with a geothermal capture function, better specified below.

The end lower (B1) of the chimney (B)? preferentially resting and supported by a special foundation that can? be the same foundation as the building (A) and d? equipped with a compartment (B2) and an inspection door (B3) which make it possible to remove any residues of dust or other material carried by the air conveyed into the chimney (B).

The same base (B1)? then advantageously equipped with a drain (B6) for collecting any condensate that may have formed along said chimney (B). which condena? intended to be conveyed into a well (B7).

In the vicinity? of the lower base (B1)? then arranged a valve, for example butterfly (B4) which? able to completely or partially exclude the inflow of geothermal air coming from underground pipes (G) or other sources of heated air that are more? forward exemplified.

With reference to the various figures specified, it is then clear that a canopy (T), for example made of metal sheet or other material which is a good conductor of heat,? shaped into wedges (T1? T2? T3? etc.), so that the vertex of each wedge fits into a suitable hole (B5) obtained in a suitable position of the base (B1) of the chimney (B).

For obvious construction needs, each segment (T1? T2? T3? Etc.) of the canopy (T)? supported by suitable walls (P), vertical and converging towards the hole (B5) of the chimney (B), not necessarily with a full surface and having a shorter length than the sides of the individual segments, so as to form a single semi-cylindrical surface , in the vicinity? of the connection of the canopy (T) to said hole (B5) of the chimney (B), as shown in the left part of fig. 2.

Naturally, the same walls (P) are in turn supported by a lower surface (R), preferably equipped with external insulation (I?) So as to form with the canopy (T) an interspace (K), which interspace (K)? able to contain the heat of solar radiation absorbed by the external sheet or roof (T), without dispersing it below the insulated lower surface (R).

As shown particularly in fig. 3, the canopy (T)? advantageously made with an adequate slope, from its external edge towards the coupling mouth (B5), so as to facilitate the passage of the heated air of the cavity (K) towards said mouth (B5) of the chimney (B), according to the sense of convective flow (X).

Said convective flow? mainly due to the same? chimney effect? which is the basis of the current solar towers, for which effect, the hot air coming from the interspace (K)? conveyed and made to rise in the chimney (B), due to the different specific weight of the same air between its feeding point (B5) and the top? of the same chimney (B).

The same convective flow? then further favored by the fact that, between the outer edge of the canopy (T) and the outer edge of the lower surface (R),? arranged a deflector (D), which? normally open, when the canopy (T) absorbs solar radiation, while? pi? closed, when the roof itself (T) does not perform this function.

With the opening of the deflector (D), the air at room temperature enters from the outer edges of the canopy (T) and of the lower surface (R) if this is not insulated, favoring the outflow of the heated air from the cavity (K ) towards the mouth (B5) and then towards the exit of the chimney (B), since? it? always, however, pi? warm of the ambient air at the top? of said chimney (B).

The various segments (T1? T2? T3? Etc.) of the canopy (T) with the supporting walls (P) and their lower surface (R) are obviously supported by internal (P1) and external (P2) pillars by way of example arranged in correspondence with the bearing walls (P).

In particular, the external pillars (P2), together with the internal pillars (P1), also delimit the height of the compartment under the canopy (T) which, with the formation of the cavity (K), is useful for any civil use, even on pi? floors, such as restaurants, shops, offices, etc., contrary to any current lack of use of the corresponding volumes underneath the radiation absorption surfaces for thermo-electric use, thus resulting in? one of the specified purposes.

According to a first construction variation, in the hypothesis that the space below that of the surface (R) is open, for example due to the presence of a terrace restaurant,? It is possible to exclude the deflector (D) and instead make an adequate drilling of the same base (R) of the interspace (K), so that the air more? cool of the same compartment, cooperates with the outflow of the hot air of said cavity (K) towards the mouth (B5) of the chimney (B).

With reference to figs. 1 and 2, the building (A), as well as the presence of the roof (T), as already? quoted,? equipped with a pair of side ducts (E? F) for conveying the accumulated air on all or part of the roof of the two car sheds adjacent to the building (A), thus increasing? the total volume of air heated by solar radiation to be introduced into the chimney (B).

Also in this case, said conduits (E? F), so? like the absorbing roof arranged above these car sheds, they are equipped with an upper surface in sheet metal, which absorbs solar radiation, as well as side and bottom walls possibly coated with thermal insulation, for heating and air transmission. coming from the sheds and destined to be conveyed into the mouth (B5) of the chimney (B). Also in this case, the space below said ducts (E? F) can? be used for any civil use, cos? as the outer edge of said ducts (E? F) or their supply chambers are advantageously equipped with suitable deflectors (D), by means of which, drawing less hot air from the outside, the thrust of the heated air is activated towards the smokestack (B), always passing through its hole (B5) or other corresponding entry hole in the flow of said smokestack (B).

With reference to fig. 1, how already? quoted, one or more? turbines (H1? H2) or turbine batteries are arranged on the upper part of the chimney (B), near the of its exit mouth.

Each turbine (H1? H2)? advantageously supported by an attic of the building (A), forming a special energy transformation compartment, to which compartment will be? It is possible to access directly from the building (A) for any normal operation of management, control and maintenance of the same turbines (H1? H2) as well as being equipped with the normal connection and distribution structures to the same building (A) for the energy produced.

Contrary to the technique used up to now, the application of the turbines (H1? H2) on the upper part of the chimney (B), allows the flow of hot air coming from its mouth (B5) to reach a great speed. of ascent, proportional to the height of the chimney (B), therefore it allows to transmit to the blades of the same turbines (H1? H2) a great speed? of rotation, determining the possibility? to obtain an energy power absolutely not comparable with that achievable with the current technique and for which? necessary to arrange the turbines at the base of the chimney, immediately throttling the speed? of rising hot air.

Is it obtained cos? another of the specified purposes, obtaining considerable yields of normal turbines, for the transformation of thermal energy into electrical energy, albeit without the need? to dispose of the current extensive collection surfaces and very expensive and unreliable chimneys with their complex and relatively safe means of support and bracing.

Again with reference to fig. 1, the end? top of the chimney (B), after the last turbine (H1), as well as a hat (V), can? be equipped with an internal coil (V1) for the recovery of residual heat from the hot air, to be used for a limited production of hot water for sanitary use, or for the formation of cold cooling water, using a normal technique Absorption chiller.

What has been described and illustrated up to now is particularly advantageous when the solar irradiation acts on the roof (T) and on the ducts (E? F), determining a consistent heating of the air in the cavity (K) and its natural conveyance along the chimney (B), favored for example by the opening of the deflectors (D).

Innovatively, the plant in question also provides for the use and alternation of solar irradiation operation, with the use of the same chimney (B) to exploit geothermal energy, having an appropriate underground tubular structure (G) for recovery and also capturing the heat from the ground below and / or adjacent to the same plant.

Pi? in detail, as shown in fig. 2, a comb piping structure (G)? arranged at a suitable depth, on an adequate land adjacent to the building (A) and its chimney (B), since said tubular structure (G) can also be distributed on two or more? floors (G?? G?? etc.), connecting to the air intakes (10) emerging from the same ground, by means of one or more? inlet manifolds (11) and being equipped with suitable outlet manifolds (12). The air intakes (10) absorb the air at the ambient temperature present in the open point where they are arranged, therefore, indicatively, sucking hot air during the day and cold air at night, to forward it into the inlet manifolds (11) and outlet (12) of the comb pipes (G). The external hot air absorbed during the day by the intakes (10), passing through the comb (G), transfers part of its heat to the ground adjacent to the comb itself (G), therefore, through the three-way valves (13) , is diverted to the circular manifold (G20) excluding the radial ducts (G10) and, by means of ducts (G21), for example arranged within the supporting columns (P2), is transmitted to a chamber (14) which? arranged at the head of each segment (K1? K2? K3? etc.) of the interspace (K).

Said air coming from the chambers (14) of each clove (K1? K2? K3? Etc.), being partially cooled by having transferred heat to the ground, mixes with the more air? hot coming from deflector (D).

Once it reaches the cavity (K), said air heats up further, due to solar irradiation, pushing the mass of air of the same cavity (K) towards the hole (B5), conveying it into the chimney (B) and triggering it the upward flow.

The cold external air absorbed during the night hours by the intakes (10), passing through the comb (G) gradually absorbs the heat supplied to the ground by the comb itself (G) during the day, as well as that absorbed directly by the ground for the normal solar radiation, therefore, through the three-way valves (13) is diverted into the radial ducts (G10) excluding the circular ducts (G20), to be introduced directly to the base (B1) of the chimney (B). In this phase, since there is no heating by irradiation of the interspace (K), with the substantial closure of the deflectors (D) and the circular manifold (G20), all the available geothermal air is sent directly from the ducts (G10) to the base (B1) of the chimney (B) and no more air intake? it will be cold given by the hole (B5).

Naturally ? It is possible at any time to adjust the three-way valves (13) in such a way as to distribute the geothermal air of the pipe (G) to both the circular duct (G20) and the radial duct (G10), to combine and optimize the flow of hot air to the chimney (B), to have the maximum output of the turbines (H1? H2), since the regulation of the same valves (13) is automated, in relation to the continuous measurement of the external and internal temperatures of the system.

In this sense, for maximum exploitation of the heated air in the cavity (K), during the best solar radiation conditions,? It is also possible to close the gate (B4) to avoid thermal lowering and to maintain the best heating conditions of the air under the ground (L), in order to make the most of it at night.

Of course, the comb solution of the geothermal pipeline (G), so? as exemplified up to now, pu? be replaced by one or more? series of coils having an identical function and a similar operation.

According to a first variation of the construction solution of the plant described up to now, in place of the geothermal captation pipe (G)? Is it possible to foresee the installation of the same solar tower power plant in the vicinity? of a stop station or in any case of an underground underground line.

In this case, the air of the station or of the underground line can? always be made fresh and clean, taking the hot and polluted one with a suitable piping that connects directly to the base (B1) of the chimney (B), again by interposition of appropriate regulation valves.

The same hot and stale air, due to the difference of its temperature with the temperature of the air at the top? of the chimney (B), contribute? to the formation of the convective flow, alone or together with the hot air coming from the cavity (K) and / or from the hot air coming from the geothermal piping (G), always through automatic regulation of the flows of the various heat sources and of the? air more? cold thrust.

The outflow in the chimney (B) of the air coming from the underground line, as well as contributing to the operation of the turbines (H1? H2), also allows the dispersion of its polluting components at high altitudes, with an additional advantage, compared to the main advantage to be able to have hot air at low cost.

According to another variation of the constructive form of the plant in question, the same hot and stale air of the station or in any case of the underground underground line can? be conveyed to the valves (13) and introduced to the base (B1) of the chimney (B), by means of the ducts (G10).

According to another corresponding construction variation of the same plant in question, a natural source of thermal energy, such as natural geothermal energy, or that supplied by biomass or, again, that supplied by underground wastewater disposal networks, can? be advantageously used to cooperate with the thermal energy of solar radiation on the cavity (K), as specified above.

A further important constructive variation of the plant in question? given by the possibility? to make the chimney (B) dissociated from a building (A), making it in a self-supporting form and placing it, for example at the base of a gorge formed by two mountain walls, to which said chimney (B) can? be easily joined with a simple and safe network of brackets and bracing rods, for the transformation of solar energy, acquired from its canopy placed at its base, into electricity produced by its turbines (H1? H2), arranged towards the summit? of the same tower (B), to be used for the benefit of the more inhabited center? next to the central cos? realized.

According to another similar construction variation, a chimney stack that is not vertical but formed by a series of pipes of adequate diameter, joined together and arranged for example along a slope that is particularly steep and of adequate height, as well as being sufficiently isolated for example for burial, can? determine the formation of a considerable convective flow, pushing the hot air acquired by a solar collection canopy placed at its base, to activate one or more? turbines applied in the vicinity? of the extremity top of the same inclined chimney, for an energy production even of substantial power.

These and other similar modifications or adaptations are intended to be included in the solution of a solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, in compliance with the claims reported below and in any case without departing from the originality? of the innovation that we intend to protect.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS. 1.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, particularly for the energy autonomy of buildings, in the transformation of solar energy and geothermal or other energy into mainly electrical energy, by means of air convection heated, characterized by the fact of providing for the construction of at least one roof or surface for capturing solar irradiation, which surface? associated with a lower surface that encloses, in an interspace, the air so? heated and conveys it to the base of a chimney, which chimney? adjacent and associated with a wall of a building or with a wall, even natural, that supports it, in such a way as to determine an upward current of the heated air in the cavity, to feed one or more? turbines that are arranged in proximity? of the summit? of said smokestack, to which smokestack are also connected some ducts for the adduction of geothermal air or other hot air from underground, passing directly from the base of the same smokestack or indirectly, passing through the interspace for capturing solar irradiation, cooperating with continuity the flow of hot air along the chimney; 2.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that each roof or duct for capturing solar irradiation? consisting of an upper surface, for example in sheet metal or other collection material, presenting an underlying cavity that? formed by said upper surface for absorbing solar irradiation and by at least one lower insulating surface, to form a volume of air to be heated and conveyed to the adjacent chimney, said surfaces, on the side opposite to the side of union to said chimney, being equipped with at least one deflector or other corresponding openings obtained on the external side of the lower surface, to ensure the flow of external air into the cavity, with which external air to push the air heated by solar radiation, which? contained in said cavity, and convey it to the base of the chimney, thus feeding it? the convective flow; 3.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that a chimney? contiguous and permanently associated with the surface of a building, being able to present a structure that is not self-supporting, therefore with the possibility? to be able to use one or more? turbines that are applicable in the vicinity? of its extremity? upper, placing them on appropriate shelves, for example landings or floors of the building, on which to form energy transformation rooms that are accessible from the structure of the building and solidly joined to the building itself; 4.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that on the land adjacent to the tower and its collection canopy? created an underground geothermal collection pipe, for example with comb or serpentine, communicating with external surface air intakes, as well as directly with the base of the chimney and / or with the air space for capturing the irradiation of the roof, after interposition at least one diverter valve; 5.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the base (B1) of the chimney (B)? equipped with at least one radial hole (B5), for conveying the hot air coming from the cavity (K) and connected to one or more? ducts (G10), for conveying the geothermically heated air, passing through an underground pipe (G), after having been taken from suitable outlets (10) arranged on the ground adjacent to the chimney (B); 6.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claim 5, characterized by the fact that the pipe (G) acts as a thermal flywheel, transmitting to the chimney (B), with the ducts (G10), the cold air taken from the outside, after it has been heated by the ground adjacent to said pipe (G), or by transmitting to the interspace (K), with the pipes (G20? G21), the? hot air taken from outside, after it has been cooled by the same ground which, in this way, accumulates the heat to be transmitted then to the air to be heated before being introduced into the chimney (B); 7.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the same ducts (G10) or other similar ducts can feed the base (B1) of the chimney (B), with hot air coming from the subsoil, for example from natural geothermal sources or from underground underground lines or from biomass deposits or from any other source of heated air, to cooperate with the heated air in the cavity (K) for continuity ? and consistency of the flow of hot air that feeds the movement of the turbines (H1? H2) at the top? of the chimney (B); 8.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that a roof (T)? made with a volume (K) for collecting and conveying the heated air which? preferentially divided into segments (K1? K2? K3? etc.), each segment being delimited by walls (P) which from the outer edge of the canopy (T) arrive in proximity? of the chimney (B) and are interrupted to allow the formation of a single semicircular volume, in the vicinity? the mouth (B5) for conveying the heated air into the same chimney (B); 9.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 4 to 6, characterized by the fact that the geothermal captation pipe (G)? equipped with at least one manifold (12) which, through a valve (13), can power at least one radial duct (G10) which? able to send the external air, coming from the surface intakes (10), towards the base (B1) of the chimney (B), after this air has been heated in the same pipe (G); 10.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 4 to 6, characterized by the fact that the geothermal captation pipe (G)? equipped with at least one manifold (12) which, through a valve (13), can power at least one circular duct (G20) which? able to send the external air, coming from the surface intakes (10), towards the external part of each segment (K1? K2? K3? etc.) of the cavity (K), by means of specific ducts (G21) and compartments distribution (14), after this air has been cooled in the same pipe (G); 11.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact that one or more? ducts (E? F) can be connected to the same chimney (B) to convey heated air from their surface for capturing solar irradiation and from the surface of analogous capture also arranged on adjacent buildings, such as car sheds dependent on the building ( A), said ducts being always equipped with insulating walls and bottom, as well as with suitable deflectors (D) or external air intakes that facilitate the conveyance of their heated air in the same chimney (B); 12.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact that a gate (B4) can? cooperate with the gate valves (13) to block the flow of air from the ducts (G10) if not sufficiently heated by the pipe (G); 13.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 12, characterized by the fact that at least part of the chimney (B) can? be equipped with a coil (V1) or other known hot air captation system, for the production of hot water, for example for hygienic-sanitary use, or for the formation of cold cooling water, by means of known absorption techniques; 14.- Solar tower power station with cavity and geothermal ducts, as per claims 1 to 13, characterized by the fact that it can be separated from a building (A) in order to be associated with one or more? walls also natural for example of a mountain, even with a chimney (B) with a self-supporting structure, but of reasonable size and suitable for the application of one or more? turbines (H1? H2), intended for an energy production of limited power, for example for public lighting in a town or for electricity for a school, called chimney (B), which can also be built in an inclined potion, as a duct d? hot air along a slope, having a sufficient height difference to form an adequate convective flow.