IT7822338A0 - Reattore. - Google Patents
Reattore.Info
- Publication number
- IT7822338A0 IT7822338A0 IT7822338A IT2233878A IT7822338A0 IT 7822338 A0 IT7822338 A0 IT 7822338A0 IT 7822338 A IT7822338 A IT 7822338A IT 2233878 A IT2233878 A IT 2233878A IT 7822338 A0 IT7822338 A0 IT 7822338A0
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
- C01C1/0417—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the synthesis reactor, e.g. arrangement of catalyst beds and heat exchangers in the reactor
- C01C1/0423—Cold wall reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0005—Catalytic processes under superatmospheric pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0461—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
- B01J8/0469—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00194—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
- B01J2208/00221—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders comprising baffles for guiding the flow of the heat exchange medium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00309—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
- B01J2208/021—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles comprising a plurality of beds with flow of reactants in parallel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB15943/77A GB1601475A (en) | 1977-04-18 | 1977-04-18 | Catalytic reactor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IT7822338A0 true IT7822338A0 (it) | 1978-04-14 |
IT1094379B IT1094379B (it) | 1985-08-02 |
Family
ID=10068354
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IT22338/78A IT1094379B (it) | 1977-04-18 | 1978-04-14 | Reattore |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4180543A (it) |
JP (1) | JPS53130283A (it) |
DE (1) | DE2815856A1 (it) |
FR (1) | FR2387682A1 (it) |
GB (1) | GB1601475A (it) |
IT (1) | IT1094379B (it) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2848086C2 (de) * | 1978-11-06 | 1986-11-06 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Röhrenreaktor für katalytische Prozesse |
IT1141102B (it) * | 1980-11-28 | 1986-10-01 | Ammonia Casale Sa | Reattore assiale-radiale per sintesi eterogenee |
US4452760A (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1984-06-05 | The M. W. Kellogg Company | Horizontal ammonia converter |
FR2527097A1 (fr) * | 1982-05-21 | 1983-11-25 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Reacteur longitudinal pour syntheses chimiques en phase gazeuse et en catalyse heterogene |
FR2536676B1 (fr) * | 1982-11-26 | 1993-01-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Reacteurs a plaques pour syntheses chimiques effectuees sous haute pression en phase gazeuse et en catalyse heterogene |
US4624842A (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1986-11-25 | C. F. Braun & Co. | Temperature controlled ammonia synthesis process |
US4789527A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1988-12-06 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Catalytic gas synthesis apparatus |
US4637918A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1987-01-20 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Catalytic gas synthesis apparatus |
US4518574A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1985-05-21 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Catalytic gas synthesis process |
US4547145A (en) * | 1983-03-09 | 1985-10-15 | Texaco Development Corporation | Combination with a high temperature combustion chamber and top burner |
US4482523A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1984-11-13 | The M. W. Kellogg Company | Ammonia synthesis converter |
DE3343114C2 (de) * | 1983-11-29 | 1985-11-07 | Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund | Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer, katalytischer Gasreaktionen für die Ammoniak- oder Methanol-Synthese |
US4568530A (en) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-02-04 | The M. W. Kellogg Company | Ammonia synthesis |
US4743432A (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1988-05-10 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg | Vertical reactor for the generation of methanol |
US4678769A (en) * | 1985-08-05 | 1987-07-07 | Shell Oil Company | Apparatus for catalyst preparation by reactive sublimation |
FR2591123B1 (fr) * | 1985-12-06 | 1993-06-04 | Sofresid | Reacteur echangeur thermique. |
EP0254395B1 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1990-11-22 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method of starting a process for the production of a gas stream containing hydrogen and carbon oxides |
DE3643858A1 (de) * | 1986-12-22 | 1988-06-30 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur temperaturregelung von katalysatorbetten in ammoniaksyntheseanlagen |
US5102790A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1992-04-07 | Baxter International Inc. | Method for culturing animal cells |
US5187095A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1993-02-16 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus for culturing animal cells |
EP0807602A1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-19 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Process for the preparation of ammonia |
DE69909788T2 (de) * | 1999-08-31 | 2004-06-03 | Ammonia Casale S.A. | Verfahren zur in-situ Modernisierung eines heterogenen Synthesereaktors |
EP1707259B1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2018-06-06 | Casale Sa | Process for the heterogeneous synthesis of chemical compounds |
EP2626129A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2013-08-14 | Heatric | Multiple reactor chemical production system |
US7867465B2 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-01-11 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Cold wall horizontal ammonia converter |
CN102489223A (zh) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-13 | 南京大学 | 一种液流强化浸没式固定床反应器 |
AR113648A1 (es) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-05-27 | Haldor Topsoe As | Convertidor de flujo axial adiabático |
AR113649A1 (es) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-05-27 | Haldor Topsoe As | Convertidor de flujo axial enfriado |
JP7374705B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-23 | 2023-11-07 | つばめBhb株式会社 | アンモニア合成システムおよびアンモニアの製造方法 |
CN114907187B (zh) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-12-22 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | 一种纯/富二氧化碳和氢气直接制备甲醇的方法 |
CN114907186A (zh) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-08-16 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | 一种二氧化碳和氢气直接制备甲醇的方法 |
WO2023247713A1 (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2023-12-28 | Topsoe A/S | Production of ammonia from synthesis gas with a large range of plant loads |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE194879C (it) * | ||||
US2512586A (en) * | 1945-09-04 | 1950-06-20 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Process and apparatus for carrying out exothermic chemical reactions |
US3492099A (en) * | 1964-10-12 | 1970-01-27 | Lummus Co | Parallel gas flow reactor |
DE1567716B2 (de) * | 1966-12-03 | 1977-02-17 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur katalytischen umsetzung von so tief 2 und so tief 3 und schwefelsaeureherstellung |
US3432265A (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1969-03-11 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Ammonia production process |
AT289036B (de) * | 1968-04-13 | 1971-03-25 | Uhde Gmbh Friedrich | Verfahren zur Reaktionswärmegewinnung bei der katalytischen Hochdruck-Synthese, insbesondere der Ammoniak- und Methanol-Synthese |
CS150463B1 (it) * | 1969-04-23 | 1973-09-04 | ||
US3795485A (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1974-03-05 | Fluor Corp | Synthesis gas generation apparatus |
US3932139A (en) * | 1971-07-21 | 1976-01-13 | Combinatul Chimic Fagaras | Reactor for the catalytic ammonia synthesis at high temperatures and pressures |
DE2337958C3 (de) * | 1973-07-26 | 1980-04-30 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Kontaktkessel für die katalytische Umsetzung von SO2ZuSO3 |
-
1977
- 1977-04-18 GB GB15943/77A patent/GB1601475A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-03-29 US US05/891,385 patent/US4180543A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-04-11 FR FR7810610A patent/FR2387682A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-04-12 DE DE19782815856 patent/DE2815856A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-04-14 IT IT22338/78A patent/IT1094379B/it active
- 1978-04-17 JP JP4516078A patent/JPS53130283A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1601475A (en) | 1981-10-28 |
FR2387682B3 (it) | 1980-11-07 |
FR2387682A1 (fr) | 1978-11-17 |
DE2815856A1 (de) | 1978-11-02 |
JPS53130283A (en) | 1978-11-14 |
IT1094379B (it) | 1985-08-02 |
US4180543A (en) | 1979-12-25 |
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