IT202100025214A1 - COMPUTERIZED BUILDING ELEMENT - Google Patents

Description

"COMPUTERISED BUILDING ELEMENT"

DESCRIPTION

[0001] The present invention concerns a computerized building element.

[0002] The creation of building elements using automated processes represents, together with Building Information Modeling (BIM), one of the main innovations introduced in the construction sector with the aim of exploiting digitalisation to industrialise the processes of carrying out civil works. In this case, we are talking about industrialized building elements.

[0003] By industrialized building elements we mean, for example, elements in cementitious material obtained by 3D printing technique or additive manufacturing (3DCP) or block paneling made off-site through automated production lines (LPA).

[0004] Among the numerous advantages that can be achieved by using 3DCP technology there is, for example, the possibility of to avoid having to resort to the use of formwork, and therefore potentially achieve complete freedom? of shape.

[0005] At the same time, the use of LPA entails a series of advantages in terms of optimization of construction times and safety of construction operations.

[0006] However, the aforementioned technologies present various critical issues, both of a technological and technical nature.

[0007] For example, the performance of an element obtained using 3DCP is strongly influenced by the printing procedure followed with reference to the characteristics of the material used, including: possible presence of fibres, properties? rheological and thixotropic, presence of setting accelerators, printing parameters (?pass time?, ?standoff distance?, ?filament layer height?, ?nozzle type?).

[0008] Furthermore, the creation of industrialized building elements, generally off-site, requires the definition of installation instructions for on-site assembly within a construction work, in addition to any instructions relating to subsequent decommissioning.

[0009] ? known to archive such information and/or instructions through the production of documentation, on paper or in digital form, readable and consultable by an operator (?human-readable?).

[0010] However, the consultation of information according to this known practice is not immediate and cannot be automated.

[0011] Furthermore, such known practices increase the risk of dispersion and loss of information, so? that the information and/or instructions relating to a certain building element are no longer immediately, or even definitively, associated with this building element.

[0012] The purpose of the present invention? is to make available a computerized building element that solves at least some of the critical issues? highlighted in the prior art.

[0013] A particular purpose of the present invention? that of making available a computerized building element, which facilitates the consultation of information and/or instructions relating to the same building element.

[0014] A further particular purpose of the present invention? that of making available a computerized building element that automates the phase of consulting information and/or instructions relating to the same building element.

[0015] A further particular purpose of the present invention? that of making available a computerized building element that reduces the risk of dispersion or loss of information and/or instructions relating to the same building element, throughout the entire life cycle of the building element.

[0016] These and other purposes are achieved by means of a computerized building element according to claim 1.

[0017] The dependent claims refer to preferred and advantageous embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] To better understand the invention and appreciate its advantages, some of its exemplifying and non-limiting embodiments will be described below, making reference to the attached figures, in which:

[0019] ? figure 1? a perspective view of a computerized building element, according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0020] ? figure 2? a perspective view of a computerized building element, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

[0021] ? figure 3? a perspective view of a computerized building element in the production phase, according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0022] ? figure 4? a perspective view of a computerized building element in the production phase, according to a further embodiment of the invention;

[0023] ? figure 5? a front view of a computerized building element, according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0024] ? figure 6? a perspective view of a computerized building element, according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0025] ? figure 7? a perspective view of a computerized building element, according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0026] With reference to the figures, a computerized building element? generally indicated with the reference number 1.

[0027] The computerized building element 1 includes a building element 2.

[0028] The construction element 2 is suitable, for example, to form or constitute a dividing wall or a load-bearing structure of a building or home.

[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, the computerized building element 1 further comprises a radio frequency identification label 3 connected to the building element 2.

[0030] For ?radio frequency identification label? we mean an RFID label, or an RFID tag, where ?RFID? ? the acronym for ?Radio-Frequency IDentification?.

[0031] Advantageously, inside the RFID label 3 connected to the building element 2 is It is possible to store all the information and instructions relating to the same building element 2, therefore? It is possible to implement a data/information structure uniquely associated with the construction element 2, to be preserved and queried during the life of the construction element 2, i.e. from installation to disposal, using special writing/reading devices 7 which exploit RFID technology.

[0032] With a further advantage, a computerized building element 1 equipped with an RFID label 3 allows all the production data of the building element 2 to be stored permanently, i.e. for the entire life cycle of the building element computerized 1.

[0033] With further advantage, the RFID label 3 of which is equipped with the computerized building element 1, it allows the production data of the building element 2 to be uniquely associated with the building element 2 to which they refer.

[0034] With a further advantage, the computerized building element 1 cos? configured allows a transfer of this information, upon request of an operator, via a digital reading device 7. Therefore this information is made machine readable, i.e. ?machine-readable?.

[0035] As an added benefit, the RFID Tag 3 stores information and instructions locally, without referring to external web pages or databases that may be subject to data loss or liability issues. of maintenance or accessibility.

[0036] With a further advantage, the RFID 3 label allows changes and additions to be made to the information stored in it, without having to be replaced.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the invention, the RFID label 3 is connected to the construction element 2 by means of irreversible connection means.

[0038] By irreversible connection, we mean a connection which, in order to be interrupted, requires invasive intervention or damage to the construction element 2 to which the RFID label 3 is attached. connected.

[0039] Advantageously, the irreversible connection between the RFID label 3 and the building element 2 minimizes the risk that the information and instructions relating to a given computerized building element become dissociated from the computerized building element to which they are uniquely associated.

[0040] According to one embodiment, the RFID label 3 is a passive RFID tag.

[0041] Advantageously, the passive RFID 3 label does not require electrical power supply means, has dimensions and complexity reduced, and ? so more? easily integrated into the computerized building element 1.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the construction element 2 is a concrete element made using additive manufacturing (3DCP) or 3D printing.

[0043] Alternatively, the construction element 2 is a brick wall.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the RFID label 3 is glued onto an external wall 4 of the building element 2.

[0045] Advantageously, the RFID 3 label thus connected to building element 2 ? visible and physically accessible from the outside.

[0046] With further advantage, the RFID 3 label is so connected to building element 2 ? detectable and readable even at long distances, for example around 3 metres, and even in the presence of any obstacles.

[0047] With a further advantage, this configuration allows the information and instructions relating to the computerized building element 1 to be implemented, even after the computerized building element 1 has been activated. completed, or after having been installed on site, or in the post-construction phase.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the construction element 2 defines at least one housing compartment.

[0049] The RFID label 3 is housed inside the housing compartment.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment, the housing compartment is defined on the external wall 4 of the building element 2.

[0051] Advantageously, this configuration reduces the exposure of the RFID labels 3 to external agents.

[0052] According to a further preferred embodiment, the computerized building element 1 includes protection means configured to protect the RFID labels 3 from external agents.

[0053] The protection means can include, by way of example, protection grills, armor, metal or plastic coatings.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the construction element 2 is a concrete element made by additive manufacturing (3DCP) or 3D printing, and includes a plurality? of concrete layers 5.

[0055] According to this embodiment, the at least one RFID label 3 is positioned inside the construction element 2, sandwiched between two concrete layers 5 of the plurality? of concrete layers 5.

[0056] This configuration? therefore feasible in the production phase of the computerized building element 1.

[0057] Advantageously, this configuration is detectable and readable even at distances of approximately 2 metres, and even in the presence of any obstacles.

[0058] With a further advantage, this configuration guarantees high protection to the RFID 3 label against external agents.

[0059] With a further advantage, this configuration can be easily industrialized and automated during the production phase of the computerized building element 1.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the construction element 2 is a brick wall comprising a plurality? of rows of 6 overlapping bricks.

[0061] According to this embodiment, the at least one RFID label 3 is positioned inside the construction element 2, sandwiched between two rows of overlapping bricks 6 of the plurality? of rows of 6 overlapping bricks.

[0062] This configuration? therefore feasible in the production phase of the computerized building element 1.

[0063] Advantageously, this configuration is detectable and readable even at distances of approximately 2 metres, and even in the presence of any obstacles.

[0064] With a further advantage, this configuration guarantees high protection to the RFID 3 label against external agents.

[0065] With a further advantage, this configuration can be easily industrialized and automated during the production phase of the computerized building element 1.

[0066] According to a preferred embodiment, the RFID label 3 is a UHF RFID type label, i.e. Ultra-High Frequency RFID, preferably operating in one of the following frequency ranges:

[0067] ? 865-868MHz;

[0068] ? 920-925 MHz;

[0069] ? 902-928 MHz.

[0070] This technology provides the best performance in terms of reading and writing RFID 3 labels at long distances (>10m in free space) with a high degree of accuracy, depending on the environmental conditions and the type of RFID 3 label, thanks to a integrated circularly polarized antenna (4dBi, maximum power 30dBm) with which to query at high speed? the RFID 3 tags present in the surrounding area.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the data stored in the RFID labels 3 are encoded using a hexadecimal numerical system (HEX), therefore with values between 0 and 9 and between A and F.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the computerized building element 1 comprises a plurality? of RFID labels 3 connected to the same building element 2 in a plurality? of distinct positions.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the computerized building element 1 includes at least one RFID label 3 connected to an external wall 4, which at least one RFID label 3 positioned sandwiched inside the building element 2.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the plurality? of RFID labels 3 connected to the same building element 2 are signaled by signaling means.

[0075] The signaling means may include, by way of example, identification markings or plates.

[0076] According to one embodiment, data, instructions or information relating to the method of assembly and/or disassembly and/or disposal of the building element 2 and/or relating to the printing parameters of the building element 2. The printing parameters may include, by way of example, the speed? printing time, the production time of each printed layer, the type of printed material. These printing parameters are detected and monitored during the printing process, and stored in the RFID label 3.

[0077] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for the creation of a computerized building element 1 includes the phases of:

[0078] ? production of a building element 2,

[0079] ? connecting an RFID tag 3 to the building element 2,

[0080] ? optionally, storage in the RFID tag 3 of information and/or instructions relating to the building element 2.

[0081] According to one embodiment, the step of connecting the RFID label 3 to the building element 2 involves connecting the RFID label 3 to the building element 2 by means of irreversible connection means.

[0082] According to one embodiment, the production phase of the construction element 2 involves producing the construction element 2 by creating a plurality? of 5 concrete layers, via additive manufacturing (3DCP) or 3D printing.

[0083] Furthermore, the phase of connecting the RFID label 3 to the building element 2 involves finishing the production phase of the building element 2 and subsequently gluing the RFID label 3 to an external wall 4 of the building element construction 2.

[0084] Alternatively, the phase of connecting the RFID label 3 to the construction element 2 involves positioning the RFID label 3 sandwiched between two concrete layers 5 of the plurality of concrete layers 5, during the production phase of the building element 2.

[0085] According to one embodiment, the production phase of the construction element 2 involves producing the construction element 2 by creating a plurality? of rows of 6 overlapping bricks.

[0086] Furthermore, the phase of connecting the RFID label 3 to the building element 2 involves finishing the production of the building element 2 and subsequently gluing the RFID label 3 to an external wall 4 of the building element 2 .

[0087] Alternatively, the phase of connecting the RFID label 3 to the construction element 2 involves positioning the RFID label 3 sandwiched between two rows of bricks 6 of the plurality of overlapping rows of bricks 6, during the production phase of the building element 2.

[0088] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for the on-site installation of a computerized building element 1 includes the steps of:

[0089] ? creation of a computerized building element 1 according to one of the previously described methods;

[0090] ? storage of information and/or instructions relating to the building element 2 inside at least one RFID label 3;

[0091] ? placement on site of the computerized building element 1;

[0092] Furthermore, the information and/or instructions storage phase can to happen:

[0093] ? prior to the production phase of the building element 2, prior to the connection phase of the RFID label 3 to the building element 2, prior to the on-site placement phase; or

[0094] ? during the production phase of the building element 2, following the connection phase of the RFID label 3 to the building element 2, prior to the on-site placement phase; or

[0095] ? following the production phase of the building element 2, prior to the connection phase of the RFID label 3 to the building element 2, prior to the on-site placement phase; or

[0096] ? following the production phase of the building element 2, following the connection phase of the RFID label 3 to the building element 2, prior to the on-site placement phase; or

[0097] ? following the production phase of the building element 2, prior to the connection phase of the RFID label 3 to the building element 2, following the on-site placement phase; or

[0098] ? following the end of the production phase of the building element 2, following the connection phase of the RFID label 3 to the building element 2, following the on-site placement phase.

[0099] The method optionally includes a phase of updating and/or integrating the information and/or instructions stored in the RFID label 3.

[00100] In the event that the production phase envisages producing the construction element 2 via additive manufacturing or 3D printing, the phase of storing information relating to the printing parameters occurs subsequent to the production phase of the construction element 2 .

[00101] Naturally, the person skilled in the art will be capable of making modifications or adaptations to the present invention, without however departing from the scope of the claims reported below.

REFERENCES

1. Computerized building element 2. Building element

3. RFID tag

4. External wall

5. Concrete layer

6. Row of bricks

7. RFID reader/writer

Claims (16)

1. A computerized building element (1), comprising a building element (2) and a radio frequency identification label (3) connected to the building element (2). 2. Computerized building element (1) according to claim 1, in which the RFID label (3) is connected to the building element (2) by irreversible connection means. 3. Computerized building element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the RFID label (3) is a passive RFID tag. 4. Computerized building element (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the building element (2) is a concrete element made by additive manufacturing (3DCP) or 3D printing, or the construction element (2) ? a brick wall. 5. Computerized building element (1) according to claim 4, in which the RFID label (3) is glued to an external wall (4) of the building element (2). 6. Computerized building element (1) according to claim 5, wherein the building element (2) defines at least one housing compartment, and where the RFID label (3) is housed inside the housing compartment, and in which the housing compartment is defined on the external wall (4) of the building element (2); and/or in which the computerized building element (1) includes protection means configured to protect the RFID tags (3) from external agents. 7. Computerized building element (1) according to claim 4, wherein the building element (2) is a concrete element made by additive manufacturing (3DCP) or 3D printing, and includes a plurality? of concrete layers (5), and in which the at least one RFID label (3) is positioned inside the construction element (2), sandwiched between two concrete layers (5) of the plurality? of concrete layers (5). 8. Computerized building element (1) according to claim 4, wherein the building element (2) is a brick wall comprising a plurality? of rows of bricks (6) overlapping, and in which the at least one RFID label (3) is positioned inside the construction element (2), sandwiched between two rows of overlapping bricks (6) of the plurality? of overlapping rows of bricks (6). 9. Computerized building element (1) according to any of the previous claims, in which the RFID label (3) is a UHF RFID type tag operating in one of the following frequency ranges: ? 865-868MHz; ? 920-925 MHz; ? 902-928 MHz, and/or in which the data stored in the RFID tag (3) is encoded using the hexadecimal numerical system (HEX). 10. Computerized building element (1) according to any of the previous claims, comprising a plurality? of RFID labels (3) connected to the same building element (2) in a plurality? of distinct positions, and in which, optionally, the plurality? of RFID labels (3) connected to the same building element (2) are signaled by signaling means. 11. Computerized building element (1) according to any of the previous claims, in which data, instructions or information relating to: - the method of assembly of the building element (2), and/or - the method of disassembly of the construction element (2), and/or - the method of disposal of the building element (2), and/or - to the printing parameters of the building element (2). 12. A method for the creation of a computerized building element (1), including the stages of: ? production of a building element (2), ? connecting an RFID tag (3) to the building element (2), ? optionally, storage in the RFID tag (3) of information and/or instructions relating to the building element (2). 13. Method according to claim 12, wherein the step of connecting the RFID label (3) to the building element (2) involves connecting the RFID label (3) to the building element (2) by means of irreversible connection. 14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the production step of the building element (2) involves producing the building element (2) by creating a plurality? of concrete layers (5) via additive manufacturing (3DCP) or 3D printing, and in which the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the construction element (2) involves: ? finish the production phase of the building element (2) and then glue the RFID label (3) to an external wall (4) of the building element (2), or ? position the RFID label (3) sandwiched between two concrete layers (5) of the plurality? of concrete layers (5), during the production phase of the building element (2). 15. Method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the production step of the building element (2) involves producing the building element (2) by creating a plurality? of rows of bricks (6) overlapping, and in which the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2) involves: ? finish the production of the building element (2) and then glue the RFID label (3) to an external wall (4) of the building element (2), or? position the RFID label (3) sandwiched between two rows of bricks (6) of the plurality? of overlapping rows of bricks (6), during the production phase of the building element (2). 16. A method for the on-site installation of a computerized building element (1), including the steps of: ? creation of a computerized building element (1) according to one of claims 12 to 15; ? storage of information and/or instructions relating to the building element (2) inside at least one RFID label (3); ? placement of the computerized building element on site (1), in which the information and/or instruction storage phase can? to happen: ? prior to the production phase of the building element (2), prior to the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2), prior to the on-site placement phase; or ? during the production phase of the building element (2), following the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2), prior to the on-site placement phase; or ? following the production phase of the building element (2), prior to the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2), prior to the on-site placement phase; or ? after the production phase of the building element (2), after the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2), before the on-site placement phase; or ? after the production phase of the building element (2), before the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2), after the on-site placement phase; or ? following the end of the production phase of the building element (2), following the connection phase of the RFID label (3) to the building element (2), following the on-site placement phase.