IT201600084086A1 - NEUROBIOMECCANICO FOOTBED. - Google Patents

Description

NEUROBIOMECHANICAL FOOTBED

DESCRIPTION

The present invention refers to a neurobiomechanical insole.

Animal movement, and consequently human movement, is a complete and perfect fusion of biomechanical components and neuromuscular components.

The various types of force (elasticity, friction, gravity force, contact force, muscle force) and bone and joint constraints affect motor performance in positive and negative ways.

The central nervous system, through the information sent to the muscles, can induce or modify a motor response.

The musculoskeletal system, with a similar sending of information, can in turn modify even in a very short time both the central automatic movement or posture program, and the neurological medullary structure that is the basis of the executive aspects.

In some extreme situations it can even change the motor behavioral program.

If it is true that reductive constraints at the joint level can lead to a severe functional deficit, it is equally true that a reduction or absence of constraints can generate a functional deficit that is sometimes even greater.

In many foot and gait pathologies, and in numerous pathologies of the central nervous system, severe deficits in movement, balance and coordination are caused by anomalies linked to imbalances of forces, excess or lack of constraints, shape anomalies or memory of incorrect movement patterns (compensations).

To obtain an effective orthosis, a whole series of negative factors must be changed:

- the shape of the segment (moving it towards normality);

- the elastic forces of the soft parts kept in shortening;

- inhibit the muscles kept in shortening;

-Facilitate elongated and inhibited antagonist muscles;

- stably re-modulate the gamma system of agonists and antagonists;

- keep the correction for the time necessary to fix the new memories and delete the preset memories.

These results can be achieved with an orthosis that, by means of a biomechanical modification of the foot, reduces or eliminates negative constraints, puts the shortened muscles under high tension in order to induce a stable relaxation and elongation capable of modifying their neurological substart at the spinal level. .

This result is obtained through the myotactic reflex which, through the activation of the neuromuscular spindles induced by the elongation, further increases the already high tension on the tendons of the muscles stretched by the orthosis.

This excess of tension, of the isometric type as it cannot overcome resistance, induces the inverse myotactic reflex which, with the activation of the Golgi corpuscles, inhibits the contraction of the shortened muscles, allowing them to be elongated by the contact force. The spindles placed in parallel to the muscle fibers stretch in turn and, persisting in the lengthening, induce a basic repositioning of the gamma chain on more favorable parameters.

The inhibition of the shortened muscles facilitates the contraction and shortening of the previously inhibited antagonist muscles (reciprocal inhibition) with a more favorable repositioning of their gamma chain as well.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a neurobiomechanical insole which can be optimized for correcting defects in eversion and walking with toes out and inversion and walking with toes in.

Another object of the invention is to provide a series of neurobiomechanical insoles having a simple structure but capable of guaranteeing extremely high performance in all conditions of use.

Not least object of the invention is to devise a series of neurobiomechanical insoles having a competitive production cost, so that their use is also advantageous from an economic point of view.

This aim, as well as these and other objects which will become clearer hereinafter, are achieved by a neurobiomechanical insole according to the provisions of the independent claims. Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become clearer from the description of some preferred but not exclusive embodiments of an insole according to the present invention, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a first embodiment of an insole suitable for the correction of feet in eversion and toe-out walking;

Figure 2 is a top elevation view of the plantar of Figure 1;

Figures 3 to 8 represent the trends of the spots of the insole illustrated in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an insole suitable for correcting feet in inversion and toe-in walking;

Figure 10 is a top elevation view of the plantar of Figure 9;

Figures 11 to 17 represent the trends of the insole spots illustrated in Figures 9 and 10.

In the following embodiments, single characteristics, reported in relation to specific examples, can actually be interchanged with other different characteristics, existing in other examples of embodiments.

With reference to the aforementioned figures, the present invention refers to a neurobiomechanical insole, globally indicated with the reference number 1, comprising a base body 2 with substantially sheet-like development.

The base body 2 comprises a first spot 11, 21 central to the midfoot and a second rear spot 12, 22 to the rear foot with a predominantly vertical course.

The first spot 11, 21 and the second spot 12, 22 are arranged

According to a first embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the insole 1 comprises an insole 10 suitable for the correction of foot in eversion and walking with toes out. In this case, the first central spot 11 at the midfoot is defined substantially in correspondence with the anterior portion of the talus, scaphoid and first cuneiform and presents a predominantly vertical trend, the force vectors being oriented from medial to lateral, the rotational movements being predominantly varizzanti and to a lesser extent supinant.

Again with reference to the insole 10 of Figures 1 and 2, the second spot 12 posterior to the rear foot is defined substantially in correspondence with the lateral aspect of the heel and has a predominantly vertical course.

The force vectors are oriented from the lateral to the medial predominantly in the lower portion with supinant and variating rotational moments with reduction of the Famice angle.

Conveniently, the insole 10 for eversion and toe-out march presents a third spot 13 anterior to the forefoot defined substantially in correspondence with the III, IV, V metatarsal bone and presenting a mainly horizontal course.

The force vectors are oriented from bottom to top and to a lesser extent from lateral to medial with pronating and variating rotational moments.

Conveniently, the insole 10 for eversion and pointing outwards has a fourth spot 14 anterior to the fingers arranged substantially in correspondence with the II, III, IV, and V fingers presenting a mainly horizontal course.

The force vectors are predominantly oriented upwards and the rotational moments are from bottom to top with finger extension.

According to a further embodiment shown in Figures 9 and 10, the present invention relates to an insole 20 suitable for the correction of foot in inversion and walking with toes inwards.

In this case, the first spot 21 central to the midfoot is substantially defined in correspondence with the cuboid, the III, IV and V metatarsal bone and presents a mainly horizontal trend.

The force vectors are mainly oriented from the bottom upwards and to a lesser extent, from lateral to medial with pronating rotational moments and to a lesser extent valgizing with an increase in the Famice angle.

In the case of plantar 20 for the foot in eversion and toe-in march, it has the second spot 22 posterior to the hindfoot defined substantially in correspondence with the medial face of the posterior portion of the heel and presents a predominantly vertical course. The force vectors are oriented from lateral to medial with valgizing and to a lesser extent pronating rotational moments.

Conveniently, the insole 20 for inversion and pointing inwards has a third spot 23 defined substantially in correspondence with the distal of the first metatarsal bone and presents a predominantly vertical course.

The force vectors are oriented mainly from the medial to the lateral and to a lesser extent from back to front and tend to widen the Famice angle.

Conveniently, the insole 20 for inversion and toe-in movement has a fourth spot 24 anterior to the fingers arranged substantially in correspondence with the II, III, IV, and V fingers presenting a mainly horizontal course.

The force vectors are predominantly oriented upwards and the rotational moments are from bottom to top with finger extension.

All the characteristics of the invention, indicated above as advantageous, convenient and the like, can also be missing or be replaced by equivalents. The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept.

In practice it has been found that in all embodiments the invention has achieved the intended aim and objects.

In practice, the materials used, as well as the contingent shapes and dimensions, may be any according to requirements.

Furthermore, all the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

Claims (9)

CLAIMS 1. Neurobiomechanical insole (1, 10, 20) comprising a base body (2) with a substantially plate-like development, characterized in that said base body (2) comprises a first spot (11, 21) central to the midfoot and a second spot (12, 22) posterior to the hindfoot with mainly vertical trend. 2. Insole (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said insole is suitable for the correction of foot in eversion and toe-out walking, said first spot (11) central to the midfoot being defined substantially in correspondence with the anterior portion of the astralago, scaphoid and first cuneiform and presenting a predominantly vertical course, the force vectors being oriented from medial to lateral, the rotational movements being predominantly varizzating and to a lesser extent supinant. 3. Insole (10) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that said second spot (12) posterior to the rear foot is defined substantially in correspondence with the lateral aspect of the heel and has a predominantly vertical course, the force vectors being oriented from the lateral to the medial mainly in the lower portion with supinant and varicating rotational moments with reduction of the Famice angle. 4. Insole (10) according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises a third spot (13) anterior to the forefoot defined substantially in correspondence with the III, IV, V metatarsal bone and presenting a predominantly horizontal course, the vectors of strength being oriented from bottom to top and to a lesser extent from lateral to medial with pronating and variating rotational moments. 5. Insole (10) according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a fourth spot (14) in front of the fingers arranged substantially in correspondence with the II, III, IV, and V toes presenting a mainly horizontal course, the force vectors being mainly oriented upwards, the rotational moments being from the bottom upwards with extension of the fingers. 6. Insole (20) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said insole is suitable for the correction of foot in inversion and toe-in walking, said first spot (21) central to the midfoot being defined substantially in correspondence with the cuboid, of the III, IV, and V metatarsal bone and presenting a predominantly horizontal trend, the force vectors being oriented mainly from the bottom upwards and to a lesser extent, from lateral to medial with pronating and to a lesser extent valgizing rotational moments with increase in corner of Famice. 7. Insole (20) according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that said second spot (22) posterior to the rear foot is defined substantially in correspondence with the medial aspect of the posterior portion of the calcaneus and presents a predominantly vertical course, the force vectors being oriented from lateral to medial with valgising and to a lesser extent pronating rotational moments. 8. Insole (20) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises a third spot (23) defined substantially in correspondence with the distal of the first metatarsal bone and presenting a predominantly vertical course, the force vectors being oriented mainly from the medial to the side and to a lesser extent from back to front and tend to widen the Famice angle. Insole (20) according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a fourth spot (24) anterior to the toes arranged substantially in correspondence with the II, III, IV, and V toes and presenting a mainly horizontal pattern , the force vectors being predominantly oriented upwards and the rotational moments being from the bottom upwards with finger extension.