IL32163A - Wrapper for cigarettes - Google Patents

Description

Wrapper This relates to a cigarette wrapper or the like It been known that amount of smoke delivered to the of a cigarette can be lowered without unduly increasing the of the cigarette increasing tho portion of air which is drawn the behind tho It la also that additional air can be provided the by using a porous paper as the wrapper for the tobacco or by placing in tho In way a greater proportion of tho combustion products are ted to the atmosphere in the intervale between Cigarettes have been made ventilation holes have been tho tho wrapper or in the tipping surrounding the filter plug of filter In various methods have been described for the smoker to select the degree of ventilation before None of the methods have been completely satisfactory Cigarettes which hove been ventilated to any eignifiennt degree have characterized by tunny smokers as being or An invention which involves reducing the amount of smoke delivered by a cigarette to the smoker set forth in United States to Frank Tho patent involves a method of a cigarette or the like having in for regulating the combustion said comprising per orations or pores in the cigarotte paper which are filled with a material that melts or sublimes at such that the perforations or openings will open up short distance in advance of the burning area to regulate the amount of air or the percentage of the puff through tho burning While tho patent provides advantages over the previously known tilation it does not provide a complete solution to the basic which involves combination reducing tho amount of delivored to the smoker of a cigarette and satisfying the of the The while providing an automatic method for opening vent holes in involvos on oponing of the vent holes only upon the relatively close approach of tho coal to the The present invention involves an over tho prior art dilution including that disclosed by possible a product which provido the desired of satisfaction while also providing lower of tare and niootino to the smoker on a per puff basis as well as on an overall cigarette The present invention over all of tho methods by providing holes in tho cigarette wrapper which will open farther in advance of the burning tobacco and can provido visible of the ing of the dilution the benefit of the full tion from the smoke during the early stngos of smoking nnd psychological advantages of seeing the dilution holes opon during the latter of This invention relates to a cigarette More icularly the invention to a cigarette wrapper which tains covered ventilation adapted to open during the smoking of the cigarette to provido smoko diluted by air during tho smoking of the cigarette and which provides for visibly indicating to the smoker tho opening of tho vontilation The invention encompasses cigarette wrappers vontilation holes which are covored or filled with a substanco whic ie disintegrated by tho action bf the hoat of tho burning of tho tobncoo said Tho ventilation holes the wrapper may be spaced some distance away tho of the he are closed cellular material during the initial of smoking but are opened during subsequent stages smoking duo to tho action of the heat of tho coal and the tobacco smoke on the which initially blocks said which closes the in accordance with the possesses cellular structure and if have stantially tho color the wrapper in which the that it la virtually boforo the cigarette By the present cellular hoat materials it is to effect better opening of tho holes when exposed to than with heat the are opened by gradation of tho film during they assume darker color which is readily to tho tho smoke can have visible evidence of the opening of the dilution with tho benefit of tho full from the smoke during the early of smoking and tho psychological of seeing tho dilution holes open during tho later of It is an of this invontion to improved wrapper for a cigarette so the cigaret will give substantially undiluted smoke during tho early puffs and diluted smoke during It is a further to provide that such cigaretto will a low total delivery of components to tho smoker and in which tho smoker will find a reasonable a satisfying It is a further object to provide a cigarette wrapper of character so the delivers no more components with each puff at the stages of when there is less by tobacco than it does at tho early It ie a further objec of the present to provide a wrapper which provides visible evidence of tho opening of dilution holes with the the full satisfaction from the enioke during the early stages of smoking and the psychological advantages of seeing tho dilution holes open during the of Other objects will appear The invention next bo dosoribed drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention by way of the drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of present a plain cigarette having openings or vent holes in the wrapper which are covered or filled with a cellular Figure is an enlarged fragmentary view of a small o the covered vent in tho wrapper of the in Figure Figure 3 a through one of the covered holes in the wrnppor of the shown in Figure 1 and the npponrnnce of tho coating before the cigarette is Figure 4 β view of the vent holes shown Figure after the hoat of tho coal and of tho cigarett smoke hns caused the cellular film to break down and the hole to be detail to Figure a cigarette 1 of a of tobacco is in a combustible paper cylinder wrapper In paper cylindor ent holes which have bean covered by cellular plastic film to Figure 2 and enlarged portion of cigarette 1 ie indicated in which is representative of wherein vent holes are covered by cellular plastic film 5 having air bubbles 5 blocks 6 in vent hole Referring to Figure opening in paper cylinder or wrapper ie with film resulting from tho of cellular plastic to form through vent which connects tobacco 2 with tho extorior of tho cigarette The objects of the present invention are by the wrapper of a cigarette with holes of sufficient to provide significant dilution of the by and covering or these holes with material cellular for a which is susceptible to the action of heat from the burning tobaoco to such a degree that the from the first portion of the cignrotte causes the film gradually to disintegrate in such way that tho holes are oponod after tho first few puffn of tho clgnretto have boon In accordance with this the cigarette smoke during tho first few puffs but during the later of smoking the cigarette is the is to any as dotermined by the number size of the holes and the nature and of the film filling or the portion of a cigarette rod which is without holes and tho size and of the holes will bo dependent on the of undiluted smoke desired in the first puffs and the of dilution theroaftor desired tho spocifio rate of action of the smoke upon the cellular structure nd in instances upon the thickness of the The film and its thickness can be varied to control the proportion of unventllatod smoke the will not be opened during the firs t four to six puffs Hea t degradable cellular structures which may be employed include cellular structures having a of microscopic or submicroscopic voids distributed throughout its volume beneath the outer surface thereof The apart from these voids j is substantially continuous and homogeneous and the film a s whole is opaque because of its heterogeneous physical due to such voids Under the action of heat from the burning tobacco in a cigarette the cellular material softens j coalesces with attendant collapse of the whereby the vent holes covered by a coating or of such a cellular structure are opened Such a film may be prepared and applied to the paper base b applying thereto an emulsion of the water type wherein a ί forming plastic is the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is present in the form of multitudinous droplets at least all of which are of microscopic or submicroscopic dimensions and by drying the film in such manner that the dispersed phase is evaporated without essential disruption or substantial collapse of the cellular structure of continuous phase While gela tion of the plas tic film and evaporation of the water therefrom may to a certain extent be simultaneous general they occur in substantial seq uence in tha t order in that the plastic layer firs attains such a degree of as to be effec tive to drop the dispersed water droplets water is then evaporated by diffusion through the rigid or substantially rigid cellular of the plastic and is replaced by air forming the voids referred to The continuous hase of the emulsion ma be termed a lac uer evaporation of such to dry down as a continuous In the present instance the solvent is characterized by insolubility in The dispersed is either a liquid or a solidincompatible the ingredients of the continuous both and or a combination of water with or The r formation of an emulsion is aided by the addition an emulsifying assistant suitable for for stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium aromatic polyglycol These are soluble in the lacquer may be chloroform or any other meeting the requirements outlined Ethyl cellulose may be used as the because of its compatibility with many substances capable of modifying the desired Such modification may involve providing a lower softening temperature of the which xnay be achieved by adding a plasticizer the In addition to compatibility with the the should incompatible with the dispersed Tricresyl dxoctyl and castor oil are examples of plasticizers which i fill these Satisfactory coatings are obtained when the evaporation of the dispersed essentially after the evaporation of the lacquer after gelation of the lacquer When a solvent of relatively low evaporation rate is such as toluene or even it may be advantageous to retard the evaporation rate of the wate or other components of the dispersed This effected by adding to water numerous for example salts such as sodium acetate or lead but alcohols are insoluble in the lacquer solvent incompatible ί with the I The dispersed phase the degree of aeration of final coating in two the water to lacquer ratio as indicated in the previous paragraph and the particle size of the dispersion which may be reduced by which results in a stable emulsion and thus improves the degree of aeration of the solidified coating resultan from evaporation of the dispersed The degree of determines the whiteness of the final Materials which are suited for use in accordance with the present invention include cellular structures employing thermoplastic resinous Illustrative of such materials are ethyl polyvinyl copolymers of vinyl such as vinyl vinyl cellulose cellulose acetate cellulose acetate ethylene The following examples are illustrative of coating materials f which be employed accordance with the present Example 1 grams of ethyl grade are dissolved in of toluene under Grade identifies a solution of which in a solvent consisting of toluene and 20 parts ethanol has a viscosity of centipoises As grams of stearyl dimethyl benzene ammonium chloride are Under constant of distilled water are added or in the a This emulsion produces photometer reading of when applied and as a coating of pounds per The apparent density i of the coating is measured to i Example 2 This differs from Example in the amount of water used to i form the dispersed of or twice as much as in Example This emulsion photometer reading of applied and dried as a coating of 4 pounds per That the coating is lighter in Example but the whiteness is The apparen density of coating is measured to be 0 Example This is like Example 1 except a still larger amount of water This emulsion photometer when applied and dried as a coating of 2 ounds per The density of the coating is measured to be Example 4 This example illustrates the use of a less volatile solvent the resin and an evaporation retarder for the aqueous If the resin solvent is less readily driven off the i continuous resin phase does not pass over into the solid form rapidly and it might be possible for much of the water to evaporate before it was resultant collapse to a considerable degree of the cellular structure and the production of a coating of hiding This may be the addition to the water phase of an ingredient retarding its that providing a decreased vapor pressure of the dispersed This is the specif c example grams of ethyl grade are dissolved in fare constant 229 of distilled ater added dropwise or the form a fine spray at a rate slow enough to permit uniform The emulsion produces a photometer reading of when applied and dried as a coating pounds per Examples 7 8 Examples 7 and are examples in which a mixture of resinous plastics is utilized as the lacquer or otherwise ethyl cellulose as used in the previous examples is modified by added In these instances coatings of improved gloss and hardness and a superior degree of whiteness are provided i Example grams of ethyl grade are dissolved in of toluene under As resin modifier grams of chlorinated diphenyl resin and as 1 grams of polyglycol ethers are Under constant 229 of distilled water are added or i the form of a fine spray at a rate slow enough to permit uniform This emulsion produces a photometer reading of when applied and dried as coating of pounds per 8 5 grams of ethyl grade 100 are dissolved in of toluene under As resin grams of a resin and as emulsifier grams of polyglycol ethers are Under constant 620 of water are added dropwise or in the form of a fine spray at a rate slow enough to permit uniform This emulsion produces a photometer reading of when applied Example 9 ί grams of polystyrene are dissolved in 200 of benzene under As emulsifier 2 grams of sorbitan available under commercial name are Under constant 100 of water are added drop ise or in the form of spray at a rate slow enough to permit uniform emulsif This emulsion produces a photometer I reading of when and dried as coating of pounds per Exam 8 grams of polyvinyl chloride grade of Carbide and Carbon Chemicals are dissolved in of propylene dichloride under As gram of are Under constant of water are added at a enough to permit uniform emuls f This emulsion produces a photometer reading of when applied and dried as a coating of pounds per Example 11 grams of polymethyl having a molecular of or and a flow temperature of are in a mixture of 100 of toluene and of methylene 2 grams of are constant of water are added at a slow enough permit uniform This emulsion produces a photometer reading of applied and dried as a coating of pounds per Example 12 grams of of a grade having a viscosity polyethylene glycol available under the are Under constant 200 of water are added at a rato slow enough to permit uniform This emulsion producoa a photometer reading of when applied and as a of pounds per 10 of acetate of a g having a low value and un of seconds are solved in a mixture of 100 of lone and 10 co of lsooctyl under Λβ of are Under 55 of water are at a rate slow to permit uniform This emulsion produces a photometer reading of when lied and dried as a of 5 per Particularly suitable collular plastics for in dance with the present invention are which will or at about 35 0 As mentioned in this specification the dimensions of holes or perforations will vary in accordance with the may be arranged and may be of the and shapes shown in the patoiit or they may shapes and ratione A particular combination which provides results in with the presen the in a or the of epacod perforations no closer to the smoking end of the cigarette then 20 said perforations n total eurfaco corresponding to from about 0 2 to about of the total surface area of the cigarette said being filled with or contod with film having din thickness across the holes or perforations of from about to microns and preferably of to microns of cellular structure of the type described earlier in this The advantage of employing a film of the type set forth above over a film or which is not resides in the more accurate control over the opening of the filled perforations or holes and in the fact that holes can be caused to open a much greater distance from the coal in the whereby ventilation can be started and maintained at a desired level with greater accuracy and greater I have disqovered that the use the bubble coating to form the dissipatible film which seals the vent holes is characterized by white opacity which disappears as the film melts or in the moments before when collapse of the bubble structure brings The smoker can see the vent holes being The bubble also results in a thicker film from a given weight of material and this added thickness permits easier control during The greater bulk o thickness means that a difference of a fraction of a mil is of less consequence than it would be The technique and resulting film been described film which results contains small air bubbles which may occupy much more space the solid portion in the bubbles are not They have roughly the size of the wave length of visible light and the scattering effect of the bubbles gives the film opacity and The bubbles are introduced by evaporation of a liquid is a solution of the in a different gels after coating is usually due to partial evaporation The gel then fixes There is some shrinkage of the structure during the drying while the liquid is passing out of the bubbles and diffusing to the and air is replacing it in the Bubble coatings may be applied as either or emulsions to form cellular coatings which are heat degradable filling For the and thus systems would seem to be called that the continuous phase is a water A variation of the system is howeve and has shown an In this two less polar than are the two may be but one is not a solvent for the When the is dissolved in the solvent liquid the second liquid a clear solution The dispersed droplets do not appear until the film has been cast and of the solvent liquid has evaporated force the separation and coalescence of the within the The trapped droplets then produce bubbles by the same exchange with air that has been The advantage of system lies in the fact that it does not wet the paper and better control of the application is Bubble coatings may contain but this is usually unnecessary for the purposes the invention and would merely obscure the desired change in The coating may be applied by conventional methods to perforated wrapper or mouthpiece for it may be knife or brush o I have probably most Coating preferably is done on perfora ed wrapper or the like before the rod is but it could take place the wrapped tobacco rod or filler rod of the finished insufficientOCRQuality

Claims (1)

1. of the in which exclusive property or defined In or like having apertures filling n which filling nrinJL in advance of the in the range of improvement which comprises tho filling a said material on thickness across said apertures of from to 60 Tho wrapper of 1 wherein the oollular material is a including a multiplicity of or enclosed voids tho outer surface thereof and trihutel throughout tho of the insufficientOCRQuality