IL28292A

IL28292A - Machine for compressively treating running lengths of materials

Info

Publication number: IL28292A
Application number: IL28292A
Authority: IL
Original assignee: Walton R
Priority date: 1966-07-11
Filing date: 1967-07-10
Publication date: 1971-11-29
Also published as: DE1635365B2; SE351448B; DE1635365C3; BE701147A; US3426405A; DE1969617U; NL153954B; GB1127066A; DE1635365A1; AT308701B; CH460689A; ES343290A1; NL6709636A

Description

Appln.No. 2Q2W\ MACHINE FOR COMPRESSIVELY TREATING RUNNING LENGTHS OF MATERIALS - - Appln. o. 28292 2 ■φ The invention relates to machines having a drive surface which forces material through a treatment zone and then into a retarding passage, such that the material is subjected to compressive forces acting in the direction of movement while in the treatment zone* On* type of such machine is known from applicant's prior patent No 17,869 in which a continuation of the moving drive surface forms a side of the treatment zone, and a retarding member positioned close to the drive surface forms the respective side of the retarding passage* A member which may be of thin metal is pressed toward the drive surface to form a drive zone preceding the treatment zone, while extensions of this member form the other side of the treatment zone and the retarding passage. t is also shown in applicant's patent 22,705 that a pressor edge can define the point of maximum feeding pressure for sftch a machine while a flexible sheet member comprised of one or more parts may extend forward to form the respective side of the treatment zone and of the retarding passage* These machines have constituted important advances in the art of web treatment. However, under certain circumstances with such machines it was difficult to crimp individual yafcns in fabrics without imposing an over-all crimp in the web itself, and it was found that adjustments, regulation of the treatment, etc. were time consuming and sometimes impossible for the unskilled operator to accomplish* The principal object of the present invention is to improve the compressive treatment of running lengths of materials, and in particular textile materials* The specific objects of 'the invention include Ψth.e provision of means to ensure the crimping, crinkling or compressing of individual fibers and yarns, or their rearrangement in the web, or shortening of the web without imposing an over-all crimp or crepe to the web itself; the provision of means to establish the particular desired amount of compressive treatment and the particular type of treatment of the web without requiring extensive trial-and-error adjustment by the unskilled operator; the provision of means to obtain a wide range of compressive ef ects without detrimental degradation of the material by the retarding member or other machine elements; and $he provision of means to enable set-up of the machine elements without need o the use of a microscope or other such fine adjustment techniques.

A particular object is to provide an improved treatment passage for use in machines of various types, which, despite the thinness of the web being treated, and the fineness of the treatment, permits the use of inexpensive parts without critical adjustments or expensive procedures by the manufacturer o operator.

The invention features a cavity An which a first forwardly extending stationary surface, generally parallel to the I - . » 3 - travelling drive surfaoe, is arranged to press the material against the drive surfaoe, and a second forwardly extending stationary surface, also generally parallel to the drive sur ace, is spaoed a predetermined amount further from the drive surfaoe, providing a predetermined enlargement of the oavity. These surfaces are followed by a retarding passage, adapted to retard the material, to provide a oompressed mass of material against hioh the fresh material oan oompress as it passes through the predetermined enlargement of the oavity.

The invention features the use o flat stock suoh as blue steel shim stook to de ine the first stationary surfaoe, and a second member held faoe-to-faoe to the first member, and extending forwardly thereof, defines the seoond stationary surfaoe, the predetermined thiokness of the first member establishing the enlargement /of the spacing of the seoond member from the drive surface.

The invention features a difference in spaoing, suoh that, relative to a given textile web or strand of material to be prooessed, when the first surfaoe fully oompresses , the material faoe-wise against the drive surfaoe, the seoond surfaoe is spaoed from the drive surfaoe a dlstanoe of the order of magnitude of the uncompressed thiokness of the material, or a distance less than the ori ioal orepin . distanoe for the web as a whole. - 3a The invention features an extension of the seoond surfaoe for a substantial dlstanoe, more than about two times the spaoing of the seoond surfaoe from the drive surfaoe, over which the seoond sur aoe remains substantially parallel to the drive surfaoe.

The invention features the seoond surfaoe provided by a sheet stook member, while another feature, employed in oohjunotion with a retarding member of the stationary type, is a ourved or bent forward extension of this seoond member positioned adjacent to the surfaoe of the retarding member, to define a retarding passage. Another feature is that the thickness of the forward extension, or the entire seoond member gives the extension substantial resilient flexibility, while another feature is that the seoond member is held in a rearward region between the first member and a third member, the third member extending forward of the first member to maintain substantial parallelism between the lower surfaoe of the seoond member and the drive surf ace in the desired region. ./. hese and ether objeots and features will be understood from the ollowing description of a preferred embodiment, in oonjunOtion with the drawing which is a vertioal oross-seotional view of the embodiment..

For examplea Of various aooeBaories and general , • ..' our Israel Patents meohanioal arrangements reference is made to VS&^gf&ft ajgtiirrotelsw os. 17,869 &nd 22,705 . .

.. In the embodiment seleoted to illustrate the invention, a drive member 14, providing a suitable drive surfaoe 15, capable of travelling in direction 0, is oombined with a retarding member 16 of the stationary type, the surfaoe 17 of the retarding member extending at an acute angle to the direction of travel of the portion Of the drive surfaoe lying at the tip of the retarding member.

As will be described in greater detail. later, also in this seleoted embodiment a seoond stationary member defines with retarding member 16 a retarding passage, and an inolined plate is arranged to apply the foroe whioh presses thA material to be treated 19 against the drive surfaoe.

The drive surfaoe is shown as extending substantially in a planar direction. It will be understood however that thiokness Y of material 19 may for instanoe be .010 inhes, and the drive member 14 may comprise a portion of a roll membe having diameter of about 10 inohes.

A first surfaoe 27, extending substantially parallel to the direction of travel D of the drive member 14 is disposed immediatel adjaoent to the surfaoe of the drive member* As shown, this surfaoe compresses the material 19 from its unoomprossed thiokness Y to its fully oompressed 'thickness' X, in whioh no open space eiis s between the various fibers o the material. At edge E the material oan be driven forward with substantial foroe. .

Aooording to the invention a second stationary ¾urfaoe 35» . immediately following the irst surfaoe 27 also extends substantially parallel to direction D, but is spaoed •further from the drive surfao , providing an enlargement, of the oavity through whioh the material passes* Material retarded by the retarding passage resists orward movement of the fresh material, and the. material is thus subjected to dompressional foroe due to the drive forces applied at E.

The oavity beyond E by the spaoing of the seoond surfaoe 35» enables a predetermined confinement of the material to be retained over a substantial distance in the' direotion of travel, while still providing a defined enlargement in whioh treatment of the material oan proceed.

The amount of the enlargement oan be established by numerous means. However, a feature of the invention is the use of a sheet member 25» e.g. of blue steel shim stook, to define the first surface 27· For instanoe by plaoing a rearward extension of seophd surfaoe 3 upon the other side of sheet member 25, the thiokness of sheet member 2 oan define the dimension of the ,enlargement. Since shim stock is readily available and of aoourately formed thiokness, this provision ± simple and inexpensive, yet of very great aopuraoy.

. A feature of the invention useful in many important instanoes, lies in the enlargement of the spading by a predetermined amount to make the total spaoing between the second surfsee 35 and the surfaoe of the drive membe oorrespond substantially to the unoompressed thioknees of th material to be treated* A feature useful particularly in the oaae of textiles* is for that total spaoing to be less than the oritioal spaoing for bodily oreping of the web.

' The predetermined enlargement o the cavity, as provided by the stationary surfaoe 35» oan provide a substantial spaoe in whioh the fibers, threads o yarns, oan blossom out, o ^, and thicken the web, t*hile the web' is still oonfined so tha bodily oreping of the web itself does not ooour* In other applications, for instanoe for the extremely ine orepin of certain sheet materials suoh as treated paper, the predetermined enlargement oan provide an aoourate control for the size of orepe, or of non-oreped thickening of the material* The enlarged region beyond E is advantageously maintained of substantially constan depth Z for a distance i the direotion of travel D substantially exceeding depth Z, B being preferably at least two, and advantageously in many , instanoes, more than throe times depth Z. Among the advantages flowing from this relationship is th laok of oritioality in the alignment of parts, and the abilit to s ace the retarding passage further from the point of drive E, than was previousl possible* Such advantages as these make machines whioh embody features of this invention less expensive and easier to set up* Referring again to the drawing, in this embodiment the seoond surfaoe 35 is defined by a seoond sheet member 33» and has a forward extension 33a whioh extends over the retarding member 16# This extension of the sheet member is advantageously resiliently flexible, enabling it to adapt itself to the seleoted position of the retarding member (note the seoond position^lenoted by dotted lines in the drawing) and to ap ly the retarding foroes in the proper way.

The spaoing Z of the surfaoe 35 oan be advantageously maintained by use of a third member 39, whioh together with first member 25 traps a rearward extension of seoond member 33, the thiokness of member 25 establishing the spaoing Z at edge E, and a forward extension 39a of member 39 reinforcing member 33 oyer region B, in order to maintain the desired spaoing* In this embodiment a pressor member 138 engages member 39 in the vicinity of edge E as shown, thus oonoentrating the pressure at E.

Example I .

The drive member 14 was a metal roll of 6 inch diameter, 125 teeth per inoh helioally knurled outer surfaoe, chrome plated, heated to 275°F.

Th primary member 25 was a shim stook member, the thickness of whioh was varied in the test.

The flexible member 33 was shim stook of 1002 inoh thiokness. The third or oontrol member 39 was shim stook of •010 inoh thiokness. The extension B of member 39 beyond E was .030 inoh.

The material treated was a knitted fa rip, 40 denier nylon tricot, 7*8 square yards per pound. Its unoompreased . thiokness was about «010 inches, its fully oompressed thipkness about .0.03 inph.

Three runs: were ponduoted varying the thiokness of the primary plate 25, and the amount of oompaotion was determined, on the basis of pereentage deorease in thiokness The results follow: dimension t oompaotion .003 i oh 32.2 . ; - «006 . 38.8#. . ,009 36.2# with detrimental ' orepe With sueh a knitted fabric, it is ordinarily desired that no over-all (or "detrimental") orepe ooour, hence, the spaoing Z of surface 35 from the drive surface should be maintained less than the oritioal over-all orepe dimension, e.g. less than ,012 inches.

Also, it is observed, so long as that oritioal dimension is not exceeded, the larger the spaoing Z, (the less the tendency for the yarns merely to slip in direction D), and the greater the tendency for the yarns and ibers to pripp perhaps because of their greater freedom to blossom outwardly, and for the yarn bulk to increase, Exampl II The The cotton woven Oxford cloth, 4.00 ounoes per square yard.

Claims

dimension t oompaotlon •003 Inoh 17.7 .006 ' ' . 21.7 .009 17.7 with detrimental orepe ' With woven materials it is ohserved that ihe main effec o the completion is to inorease ½he weave orimp. The above examples illustrate the use of the preferred embodiment, which employs all the features discussed. It should be understood that many other materials, and other weights, densities and thloknesses can be employed, and machines having individual or certai combinations of the features described, but not all of them, are within the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular it should be understood that numerous eatures of the invention can be employed in a machine having a retarding passage formed on one or both sides by moving surfaces. A slowly moving retardin roll can be substituted in plaoe of extension 33a. The opposite side of the retarding passage oould then be formed by retarder 17 or by the surface of the drive roll 14. HAVING HOW particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention , and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is

1. A maohine having a travelling drive surfaoe for -treating materials, a oavlty defined by a first forwardly extending stationary surface^ generally parallel to the travelling drive eur aoe, said first surfaoe arranged to press oe d a e ond f rward extending stationary surfaoe, also generally parallel to the drive surf ce, is spaoed a predetermined' amount further from the drive surfaoe, providing a predetermined enlargement o th cavit , said surfaoes followed by a retarding passage, adapted to, retard the material, to provide a oompressod mass of material against which fresh material can oompress as it passes .through the predetermined enlargement of the' .cavity* :

2. The maohine of olaim 1 wherein, a sheet member defines the first statuary surfaoe, a. second member hpld aoe-tp-face to the irst member, and extending forwardly thereof, defines the seoond stationary surfaoe, the predetermined thiolmess of the sheet member establishing the enlargement of the spacing of the surfaoe of the seoond member from the drive surfaoe. · ' . ,;■·

3. The maohine of olaim 1 wherein the difference, in heigh between said first and seoond surfaces is defined, relative to a predetermined textile web or strand of material, suph that when the first surface fully oompresses the material faoe-wise against the drive surfaoe, the seoond surfaoe is spaoed from ' the drive surfaoe a distanoe substantially corresponding to th unoompressed thiokness. of the material*

4. * The maohine of olaim 1 wherein the difference in height "between said first and seoond surfacps is defined, relative to-a predetermined textile web or strand of material, such that when the first surafaof fully oompresses the material faoe-wise against the drive surfaoe, the, seoond surf tie is ; .... : spaoed from the drive surfaop a distanoe less than the oritioal

5. · The machine of claim 1 wherein said seoond surface extends for a substantial distance beyond the forward end of said first surface, more than about two times the spaoing of the seoond surfaoe from the drive surfaoe, ove whioh distanoe said seoond surfaoe remains substantially parallel to said drive surfaoe.

6. The maohine of olaim 2 wherein the seoond surfaoe is defined by a sheet stock member.

7. The maohine of olaim 6 in combination with a retarding member of the stationary type, wherein a ourved forward extension of said seoond member is positioned adjacent to the surfaoe of the retarding member, to define a retarding passage.

8. The maohine of olaim 7 wherein the thiokness of the forward extension of said seoond member gives the extension substantial resilient flexibility, while the seoond member is held, in a rearward region between the first member and a third member, the third member extending forward of the first member to maintain substantial parallelism between the lower surfaoe of the seoond member and the drive surfaoe in the region immediately following said irst member. ^/?AOEWT. FOR APPLICANT Tel-Aviv, dated this 10th day of July, 1967.