IE41460B1 - Girders and buildings incorporating same - Google Patents

Abstract

1528271 Girders D E G E DE LOS MONTEROS 2 Jan 1976 [12 June 1975] 00086/76 Headings E1A and E1W A building comprises parallel rows of spaced vertical columns 5, 6 each supporting girders 1 which support floor/ceiling panels 3 and sloping wall panels 7, the girder having a flat base, a planar support surface provided by the portion 12 and extending transversely along the girder and 2nd and 3rd supports each having a notch 8, 9 for supporting an edge of an inclined wall panel 7 and extending along the girder. The ends of the girders rest on the upper ends of pre-cast column sections 10, the part 11 of the column being formed in situ which then support further sections 10'.

Description

PATENT APPLICATION BY (71) EMILIO GONZALEZ ESPINOSA DE LOS MONTEROS, OF SPANISH NATIONALITY, OF ALAMEDA DE COLON NO. 5-MALAGA, SPAIN.

P'»ct I2ip 41430 - 2 This invention relates to girders and to buildings incorporating girders.

The invention is especially but by no means exclusively concerned with dwellings, the room areas of which are of a hexagonal shape in vertical section.

The structure of these dwellings comprise vertical columns and horizontal girders which extend along the edges of hexagons.

According to -the present invention, there is I provided a girder havings (a) a flat base; (b) a first support portion projecting from one side surface of the girder providing a first planar support surface extending transversely to and along that surface of the girder for supporting a floor slab; and (c) at an opposite side surface of the girder, second and third support portions, the second and third support portions each having a notch for supporting an edge of a respective wall panel, the notches each having a vertex defined by two surfaces thereof, each notch being open in the directions in which said two surfaces thereof 'face, the notches providing, for the associated wall panels, respective planar support surfaces which extend along the girder and are oppositely inclined with respect to the first support surface.

Preferably the girder has a generally rectangular body portion providing said side surfaces, the first support portion being disposed in the central region of the said one side surface and the second and third support portions being provided along mutually opposed edges of said other side surface.

Suitably, the first planar support surface and said respective planar support surfaces each extend continuously along the girder.

The invention also provides a building including at least one structure said structure comprising first and second mutually spaced substantially parallel rows of mutually spaced vertically extending supports, the first and second rows each supporting vertically spaced girders, the girders being in accordance with the present invention, with each girder supported by the first row being at a height intermediate the height of respective vertically adjacent ones of the girders supported by the second row, and a plurality of inclined wall panels each of which is supported at the lower portion thereof by a girder supported by one of the rows and at the upper portion thereof by a vertically adjacent girder supported by the other row, such that vertically adjacent ones of the panels are oppositely inclined, and a plurality of horizontal floor slabs each having at least one edge supported by one of the girders on the side opposite the wall panels.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of part of a building using girders embodying the invention; Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of part of a building incorporating girders embodying the invention; and Figure 3 is a side elevation view of a girder of the present invention.

The building shown in Figure 1 comprises a number of pairs of vertical columns 5 and 6 on which are mounted reinforced concrete horizontal girders 1 embodying the present invention, the girders in a pair of columns 5 and 6 being separated from each other vertically by a distance equal to half the height of each storey of the building. These girders are of approximately rectangular cross section and have on one of their larger faces a projection or support portion 2. In each pair of vertical columns, the support portions 2 of alternate ones of the girders 1 project in one direction while the support portions of the remaining ones project in the opposite direction. Girders 1 having their support portion carrying sides facing one another support, by means of their portions 2, vertically spaced apart prefabricated slabs 3 which will constitute the floors of the room enclosures Those girders 1 which have their support portions 2 pointing in one direction rest on columns 5, while those whose support portions 2 point in the other direction rest on columns 6. As can be seen from Figure 1, each group of columns 5 is situated adjacent a group of columns 6, the groups forming parallel rows of columns with the columns being spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the plane of Figure 1.

Between the girders 1 of adjacent groups are placed sloping prefabricated panels 7, which constitute the walls of the room enclosures 4, so that, apart from the uppermost and lowermost girders (not shown), each girder 1 supports a horizontal slab 3 and two oppositely inclined sloping panels 7.

The girders 1, in order to receive the panels 7, have upper and lower support portions providing an upper notch 8 and a lower notch 9 respectively, projecting from the upper and lower edge of the faces of the girders opposite the faces from which the support portions 2 project.

The columns 5 and 6 can be constructed from prefabricated pieces 10, on the upper ends of each of which respective horizontal girders 1 rest, a piece of column 11 being concreted around said each girder 1. On these pieces 11 are placed further prefabricated pieces 101. With this construction the connection of the horizontal girders to the vertical columns is ensured as well as the connection of the slab 3 and the inclined panels 7 to each girder 1.

The girders can also be applied to the construction of buildings having room enclosures 4 of rectangular vertical section, as is shown in Figure 2. For this, all the girders 1 of each vertical group of girders are mounted on the same column structure 14, the support portions 2 pointing alternately in opposite directions, the slabs 3 to either side of the column 14 resting on each support portions 2. In the arrangement shown the vertical spacing between vertically adjacent slabs 3 is reduced as shorter prefabricated pieces 10 of the columns are used.

As can be seen in Figure 3, the girder 1 comprises a rectangular body portion which has on one of its larger surfaces a longitudinal projection or support portion which is preferably continuous along the girder and which defines a planar support surface for the slab 3.

On the opposite, parallel, face of the body portion, at the side edges thereof, are respective projections or support surfaces which form . notches 8 and 9, each of which are preferably continuous along the girder 1 and are directed so as to permit the support of the edges of the inclined panels 7, which also have on their edge a prop for the corresponding notch. Each notch 8 and 9 has a vertex defined by two surfaces and is open in the directions in which those surfaces face. The notches 8 and 9 are substantially equally spaced from the horizontal upper surface of portion 12 and are directed so‘that the extension of the lower surfaces of the panels 7'intersect at a point 12 situated on the opposite surface of the girder 1, precisely where the support portion 2 is situated. It will be seen that the notch 9 provides a leftwardly and upwardly facing planar support surface and a leftwardly and downwardly facing planar abutment surface which extends transversely of, preferably perpendicularly to, the support surface. The notch 8 provides a similar, but differently directed planar surface, these surfaces extend at angles of approximately 45° to the horizontal upper surface of portion 12. The girder has a flat base extending between the side surfaces forming the support portions, the base being substantially parallel to the first support surface.

Claims (15)

1. CLAIMS:1. A girder having: (a) a flat base; (b) a first support portion projecting from one side surface of the girder providing a first planar support surface extending 5 transversely to and along that surface of the girder for supporting a floor slab; and (c) at an opposite side surface of the girder, second and third support portions, the second and third support portions each having a notch for supporting an edge of a respective inclined wall panel, the 10 notches each having a vertex defined by two surfaces thereof, each notch being open in the directions in which the two surfaces thereof face, the notches, providing, for the associated wall panels, respective planar support surfaces which extend along the girder and are oppositely inclined 15 with respect to the first support surface.

2. A girder according to claim 1 and which has a generally rectangular body portion providing said side surfaces, the first support portion being disposed in the central region of the said one side surface and the second and 20 third support portions being provided along mutually opposed edges of said other side surface.

3. A girder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second and third planar support surfaces are each inclined at an angle of approximately 45° to the plane of the first 25 planar support surface.

4. A girder according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the notches of the second and third support portions are substantially equally-spaced from the plane of the first planar support surface. 43. 4β0

5. A girder according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first planar support surface and the respective planar support surfaces each extend continuously along the girder. 5

6. A girder according to any one of the preceding claims, when made of reinforced concrete.

7. A building including at least one structure, said structure comprising first and second mutually spaced substantially parallel rows of mutually spaced vertically 10 extending supports, the first and second rows each supporting vertically Spaced girders, the girders being in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, with each girder supported by the first row being at a height intermediate the height of respective vertically adjacent 15 ones of the girders supported by the second row, and a plurality of inclined wall panels each of which is supported at the lower portion thereof by a girder supported by one of the rows and at the upper portion thereof by a vertically adjacent girder supported by the other row, such 20 that vertically adjacent ones of the panels are oppositely inclined, and a plurality of horizontal floor slabs each having at least one edge supported by one of the girders on the side opposite the wall panels.

8. A building according to claim 7, wherein the 25 panels have notches provided along side surfaces to cooperate with the associated girders.

9. A building according to claims 7 or 8, wherein vertically adjacent girders of the or each structure are vertically spaced apart by equal distances.

10. A building according to claims 7, 8 or 9, wherein at least said girders are made of reinforced concrete.

11. A building comprising two rows of at least two mutually spaced substantially parallel columns, each 5 column having vertically spaced girders, the girders being in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6, alternate ones of said girders of a column facing in opposed directions and a plurality of floor slabs extending horizontally between said columns and supported 10 on corresponding girders thereof.

12. A building constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.

13. A building constructed and arranged substantially 15 as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.

14. A girder substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 20

15. A building incorporating at least one girder according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or 14.