HUT75767A - Process of production of cultivating medium with high activity - Google Patents

Abstract

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the enhancement of user-relevant properties of ground and peat-based growing media using additives. Improvement of water balance, increasing water retention by polymer swelling prone to swelling. Productivity, nutrient utilization, improvement and enhancement of colloid properties with the help of humic compounds.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the enhancement of user-relevant properties of soil and peat-based growing media by the use of additives. Improve water balance, increase water retention by swelling polymer additive. Improvement and enhancement of fertility, nutrient utilization, colloidal properties with the help of humus compounds.

Introduction

The usefulness of natural growing media - soil, peat, compost - is described by several parameters - organic matter content, micro- and macro-element content, salt content, moisture content, ash content, water retention, humic acid content, fertility, etc.

Water retention depends primarily on the colloidal properties of the substances present in the culture medium. The sand as a space silice is unable to swell, so its water holding capacity is very low. From this point of view, clay minerals, which are layer silicates and are capable of absorbing water between layers, and humic or humic materials, may be considered. Since water is an essential ingredient for plant crops, its presence in the right amount should be ensured. One of its components is to develop or modify the appropriate colloidal properties of the growing medium.

Fertility - which is often intertwined with the overall evaluation of the growing medium. There are many definitions in the international literature and practice. For example, Hargitai's K-factor, which calculates the environmental capacity of the growing medium as a result of various hydrolysis and extraction steps, is proportional to its productivity. The Italian state-accepted, law-abiding practice uses the so-called humification index to quantify the concept. It also calculates the humification index after extraction and gravimetric determination of various groups of compounds with similar properties. However, all methods agree that there is a direct relationship between the humic acid content of the growing medium, the quality of the humus compounds present, and the productivity of the medium. The humic acid content of natural growing media is in the range of 0.5-5%. The humus compound is the more valuable the larger the molecule size and the richer the functional groups (carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, carbonyl). That's why the really valuable growing media is the well-humidified, mature peat (Novobalt, Oslo peat, etc.)

The solution proposed by us is to improve the water retention and productivity of the growing media by adding suitable materials.

The water retention capacity of the growing medium is improved by the addition of a neutral polyacrylamide polymer. When mixed with the growing medium, the polyacrylamide polymer is capable of absorbing large amounts of water, 200500 times its weight. Water with the polyacrylamide polymer forms gel particles on and around the roots from which the required moisture can be absorbed. As a result, water leakage losses are significantly reduced and less water ensures optimal plant development. A further advantage is that the repeated swelling and contraction of the polyacrylamide polymer forms a well-ventilated structure that aids in intense root development. The polyacrylamide polymer is non-phytotoxic and can therefore be used in any concentration.

Fertility enhancement is accomplished by the addition of concentrated humus compounds of fossil origin. The plant physiologically most advantageous is the addition of solid or liquid potassium humate. Fossil humus compounds contain high-quality humus rich in homogeneous, functional groups. Adding them to the growing medium has the following advantages:

1. Stimulated, increased membrane transport.

2. As natural complexing agents, they increase the uptake of micro and macro elements of plants

3. They play a role in degrading and detoxifying xenobiotics and plants' own toxins.

4. Improve soil colloidal properties

Implementation Examples

1. To a 1000 kg of neutral peat, 5 kg of a neutral polyacrylamide polymer is evenly mixed with an agricultural mixer. The mixture is cca. Sprinkle evenly with 100 L of water and allow to stand for 3-4 hours until the polymer swells and gels within the culture medium. The resulting growing medium with increased water retention capacity can be used for grassing, balconies.

2. To 1000 kg of neutral peat, mix 5 kg of potassium salt of humic acid from Balink coal (solid powder, K2O hold: 15%; wet hold: 10%: average molecular size: 2300 Dalton; total acidity: 7 meqv / g). The mixture is deposited for several weeks and allowed to stand. The product is recommended as a growth medium for starter cultures.

3. Homogenize 1000 kg commercial soil mixture (1 part neutral peat and 1 part forest soil), 4 kg polyacrylamide polymer and 60 kg 12% potassium humate. The mixture was sprinkled evenly with 400 L of water and deposited for a few days. The resulting growing medium with increased water retention and humic acid content is recommended for severe environmental stress and for difficult, irregularly maintained plants (along highways, highways).

2. The polymer is a neutral polyacrylamide polymer

Claims (5)

Claims 1. Any growing medium having an increased water retention capacity and an increased yield, characterized in that these properties are achieved by the addition of a non-phytotoxic polymer and / or a humic compound susceptible to swelling. 3. Polymer concentration 0.01-85 m / m% 4. The humic compound is a preparation produced by a physical and / or chemical method from a fossil humic carrier. 5. Alkaline salt of humic acid produced by alkaline extraction of the humic compound. 6. The concentration of doped humic compound relative to the growth medium is 0.01 to 20%.