HUT55469A - Method for forming building structures of arched surface particularly circle or axially symmetrical ones - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a convex, particularly circular or axial symmetrical structure, in which an inflatable formwork, preferably foil / 1, is used to form the structure, and the film is reinforced with one or more concrete layers / 3. It is an object of the present invention to apply a flexible wire bundle / 2 to the film / 1 / reinforcement for the final shape of the structure, and then to the film / 1 / continuously, preferably by the concreting technique, to the concrete layer. / 3 / wear. (l. 5)

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of forming arched, particularly circular or axially symmetrical building structures using inflatable formwork, preferably of foil, to form the structure and to coat the foil reinforcement and one or more concrete layers.

Methods for the construction of arched shell structures using flexible, inflatable membrane-like materials as formwork.

U. S. Patent No. 193,313 discloses a pneumatic structure construction method, in which it prefabricates building blocks. placed on a folded air-tight lifting tarpaulin and removable there

- 2 are fixed. The platform is then inflated and the elements are permanently fixed to each other. The disadvantage of this solution is that the lifting canopy and the pre-inflation arrangement of the building blocks are a very complicated operation requiring high precision.

U.S. Patent No. 626,132 discloses a monolithic inflatable formwork structure. During construction, ironing is carried out on the surface of the membrane, which is laid down on the ground level and fixed. A layer of concrete is laid on it, and the membrane is then inflated. An additional reinforcement is applied to the inflated structure and an additional layer of concrete is applied.

The disadvantage of the solution is that the ironing arrangement is very labor-intensive, after the inflation the concrete has to be compacted and the windows and doors have to be cut out of the concrete afterwards. Significant amounts of curing retardant must be added to the first layer of concrete, and the consistency of the built-in concrete must be constantly checked.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of construction in which, while retaining the advantages of known solutions for the construction of girder shell structures with inflatable formwork, their disadvantages due to the complexity of the construction and the considerable work required.

The invention is based on the discovery that by using flexible wire braiding as reinforcement, the construction technology can be greatly simplified, the workmanship of the structure can be minimized, and a statistically very favorable, homogeneous reinforcement is achieved.

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It is an object of the present invention to apply an elastic wire braid as reinforcement to the foil blown onto the final shape of the structure and to apply a layer of concrete continuously, preferably by firing concreting technology.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings, in which a preferred embodiment is described.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a building structure constructed in accordance with the invention, and Figure 2 is an exemplary layering of the shell structure.

According to Figure 1, a reinforced concrete slab 12 is formed along the outer boundary wall during the construction process. In the area within the reinforced concrete slab 12, a reinforced concrete slab 11 is formed with mesh reinforcement. A steel support grid 13 extending vertically from the reinforced concrete slab 12 is concreted into the reinforced concrete slab 12 in its entirety. On the reinforced concrete slab 11 is placed a film 1 formed according to the shape of the structure. The edge of the foil 1 is secured to the inside of the steel support grid 13 by a foil fastener 14, which in this example is a water bag. Then the foil 1 is blown to the final shape of the structure ·

On the inflated foil 1, wire mesh 2 is laid over its entire surface. The wire braid 2 is preferably formed from a commercially available braided wire fence. The ends of the wire braid 2 are attached to the steel support grid 13 below. The next step is 2 ······ ···· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ··· ·

- Cut out the door and window frames from the 4 wire braids and the steel support grid 13 and insert the door and window casings. Then, a layer of concrete 3 is applied to the foil 1 coated with wire mesh 2. The concrete layer 3 is applied using a concrete firing technique as exemplified.

Figure 2 shows the layering of the shell structure. According to this embodiment, the concrete layer 3 reinforced with wire mesh 2 is also used as a formwork for further structural layers. In the exemplary embodiment, a layer of POLIFON insulation 4 is applied to the film 1 prior to inflating. By applying the POLIFON 4 insulating layer, good heat and light conditions are achieved on the inner surface of the structure.

After the foil 1 is inflated and the wire braid 2 is unfolded, spikelets 5 perpendicular to the surface of the foil 1 are inserted into the wire braid 2 at points. After placing the casings of the doors and windows, a concrete layer 3 is applied to the foil 1. Preferably, the setting concrete is added to the applied concrete. After partial or complete solidification of the concrete layer 3, a mesh reinforcement 6 is applied to the mandrel pins 5 protruding from the concrete layer 3, and a further concrete layer 7 is applied to the surface. The two layers of concrete thus applied function as a structural unit. The thickness of the concrete layer 7, the application energy and thus the compactness of the layer can also be significantly increased compared to the concrete layer 3 due to the concrete layer 3 acting as the formwork.

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After the concrete layer 7 has solidified, the film is removed.

A layer of perlite concrete 8 is applied to the concrete layer 7. After its solidification, the wire mesh 9 is laid on the perlite concrete layer 8, and a concrete layer with a waterproofing additive 10 is applied to the surface. The exterior surface may be covered with a layer of soil for painting, cladding or even grassing.

Advantages of the process according to the invention:

- the labor demand for technology, especially ironing ^{- is} significantly reduced;

- windows and doors are easy to place, unlimited in size and can be placed anywhere in the structure;

- the ironing is homogeneous and easy to scale;

- due to the technology of concreting there is no need for subsequent compression, there is no strict restriction on the consistency of the concrete, so it can also be mixed in Helsinki;

- reinforcing the successive layers of concrete to form a monolithic unit;

- using the steel support grid 13 to provide a vertical, load-bearing wall at the bottom, so that the reinforced concrete slab 11 does not have to be separately provided with drawn iron, whereby the reinforced concrete slab 11 can be dismantled anywhere, for example a pool;

- the technology can also be used to create germ structures of 40-80 m in diameter.

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The claimed protection is not limited to the embodiment described in the exemplary embodiment, but encompasses all embodiments within the scope of the claims, in particular the main claim.

Claims (14)

Patent claims 1. A method of forming a gable surface, in particular circular or axis symmetrical building structures, comprising the use of inflatable formwork, preferably foil, to form the structure, and applying to the foil reinforcement and one or more concrete layers, characterized in that 1 / as a reinforcement, lay a flexible wire braid (2) and then apply a concrete layer (3) to the film (1) continuously, preferably by firing concreting technology. _x The building structure forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the area covered by the film / 1 / prior to the laying of the film / 1 /, a reinforced concrete slab with mesh reinforcement is /1.1 / /. The building structure forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that a steel support grid (13) extending vertically therefrom (12) is placed in the reinforced concrete slab (12) and, after the foil (1) is inflated, fixed to the steel support grid (13). 1 / end of wire mesh to be laid / 2 /. • · · · • * The building structure forming method according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower edge of the foil / 1 / is fixed to the base by means of a foil fastener (14), preferably circulated in a water bag, on the reinforced concrete slab (12). 5. Method of building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that before starting the application of the concrete layer / 3 /, the casings of the doors and windows are fitted to the inflated foil / 1 / /, respectively, of a steel support grille located in the reinforced concrete slab / 12 /. 6. A method of forming a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that before the foil / 1 / is inflated, the foil / 1 / POLIFON insulating layer / 4 / is applied to the foil. 7. Method of building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that spiked pins / 5 / are applied perpendicularly to the inflated foil / 1 / laid wire braid / 2 / the surface of the foil / 1 /, after the application of the concrete layer / 3 / 6 / and then apply another layer of concrete (7) to the surface. ···· ·· ·· ········ • · · · · · · · · · · • ·· ·· · · · '· · · · · · * 8. A method of forming a building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising applying a perlite concrete layer (8) to the formed concrete surface, followed by applying a waterproofing concrete layer (10) after applying the wire braid (9). patent attorney Μ - 9 LIST OF MARKINGS 1 foil 2 wire braids 3 concrete layers 4 POLIFON insulation layer 5 spiky 6 mesh ironing 7 concrete layers 8 layers of perlite concrete 9 wire braids 10 waterproof additive grout concrete layers 11 reinforced concrete slabs 12 reinforced concrete slabs 13 steel support grille 14 film clamps