HUE028774T2 - Method for making building blocks and building block obtained thereby - Google Patents

Description

Method ihr makingfehiläiing blocks stad building block obtained thereby Description 19991] Tbs invention relaies ki s method for Risking building blocks, according to Claim !(smf s building block: accord log to Claim M, The method tor making buridmg blocks, I« particular perforated bricks, wherein each building block has si substantially cubic body shat comprises several, at least two, voids schieb have a length and a width and which are separated from e&cfe estise·' hy webs, and which .serve to receive·, a- least parilaUi, an insulating material, wherein said building block is produced from a starting mol criai notier formation of said voids. The Intention further relates to a building block, in particular perforated brick, which has a substantially cubic body that comprises several, st lasst two, voids which bave a length and a width and which are separated from each other by webs, bad Which serve to receive*, at least partialiy, an insulating material. 10092] Building blocks, in particular perforated bricks, are formed from clay, mod or clayed masses with or without the addition of other materials as machine bricks uni are bidhed dt ÜB to 1.900*0, Such building blocks have a cubic body with a width which generally coincides with a waif disckpcss of a building well which is to be produced front the building blocks, Tbdreibre, such building blocks are produced in different widths. However, it is also conceivable that several budding blocks are arranged, with their narrow sides tying against one another in. a building walk For example,, two such building bi-vki in the above arrangement form a building wall which has a svad thickness which corresponds substantially to twice the width of the building blocks, in the course of the rationalized construction of corresponding building walls, it has, however, become established to hold avaitsbie building blocks with widths which correspond to the deshed wall thicknesses Of the building watts. ]9993] for example, .such a building block is known írom DE 31 00 M2 AS This concerns here hho|jbw brick whit layers of insulating material, which arc arranged parallel to two outer sides of the hollow brick, lying opposite one another, in spaces in the hollow brick and arc distanced from one another by at least one region interspersed with empty voids. The regions htmrspetsed with layers of insulating îsiidïfia!hfb,moreover, distanced with respect to the outer sides of the hollow brick, paiaiiel to them, fey such regions which are interspersed with empty voids. This prior &t1 document names, as insulating: material, foamabkí insulating material, i.e. tot example polyurethane or polystyrene, which Is foamed into the spaces lu the mrikrw btuk presided ior this. In sddUmr, nouerai wool is named as insula ling marénak without tills prior art document disclosing how miners: wool is to be introduced into ihc space·* In tiie hollow brick. .According to this prior sit document,·, i| la slso possible so inscri prefabricated insulating mstleriai plates, for example fonna plates, into the spaces is the hollow* brick, (0994]. A further building block is knows from t>B 35 S# Afkvriscreio litis building block has a bass body provided with sir chambers. (|n sf least orm side of the base body, first webs ate formed, which extend only ov# | potties of The height of the bass body. A first shell is themed, parallel to the base body, onto thés« webs. Seeond webs are fofoisd onto fhb fitst shell má/οτ onto fog ot|pf sí# if the Ibse Mbe, onto which second webs a second shell is formed, likewise parallel to the has« body, which likewise extend only over a poilioh hi the height of the base Iwdy. und oAVl io sh« fit« webs t'he «pace b|t#e«a the' shells aad/or the Space between the bas« body sad the shell 1$ sided with insulation material, whsrelh foam, cork,., granulated coric,· coke fibre, wood wool, glass wool and rock wool are onused as ibsufatiba Material, in addition, synthetic fibres are possible, which can be injected, cast or Inserted into the spae« betweest the shells and/or between the base body mû the shell. ÎÔ905I À farther building block in the form of a honeycomb brick Is known Irssr? DE 2M-W '$%$ 01. This honeycomb brick bats a: circumferential wall, wherein at least two skies of the wall, lying opposite, bip« on the respective outer side of the honeycomb brick recesses or convexities, 'which engage into one another in the case of a lateral arrangement of several honeycomb bricks adjacent to one another. Furthermore, the honeycomb brick has webs arranged in tbs interior, which define vemcallyvkebning Vöhls, In this honeycomb brick, provision is made that within the circumferential wall at least one Interior, free of the vertical: webs, is formed for the receiving of insulation maimat, litis Interior is Constructed to be substantially larger compared to the voids. Glass wool, minemi wool, a foafofd plastic or an insulating material of synlhcdp: fibres. In particular of hollow fibres. Is provided at Insulating is&ierl&l fblHfot Furthermore, from Dll 200 12 221 UI a building block constructed as a hrfok is previously known, which has two bearing sides, constructed on opposite buter sides of tbs brick, arranged horizontally in the position of use, mo abutting sides. constructed on oppos.m outer sides*; pointing in the abutting direction, arranged veifcco'N -a the porituo o' aw meferaotv ν,ιΛ butt iotm indbntifgj two preferably nee outer sides, constructed on opposite outer side», arranged vertically in tbs position of use, wherem in foe interior of the brick, in the position of use, vertically directed hollow chambers arc formed, which reach through she brick by being constructed so as to be open on ai least one bearing side, preferably on both bearing sides. Of these hollow chambers, several hollow chambers with a sm.ullet hole cross section are formed, wherein at least one hollow chamber is constructed as a hollow chamber receiving insulating material, with a larger hole cross section. A compact insulating material body is provided as insulating material, which, with regard to its external dimensions, i.e. with regard to its axial length and its cross section, corresponds in an accurately fitting manner to the dimensions of the hollow chamber receiving it. 1st order to hold this insulating material body in the hollow chamber, the latter has s moulding in the form of a projecting strip-shaped nose, the moulding projecting into the hole cross section. This nose is pressed into foe insulating material, so that the insulating material is securely damped in the .hollow chamber. jtXKI7j Fin ally, building blocks, namely perforated bricks, are known on the market, which have a cubic; body which has & width corresponding to the wall thickness which is to be constructed of the building w&H. In this cubic body, voids are provided which are filled with a perlite titling as insulating material. lÖböSj The buildiag blocks described above have various disadvantages·, Thus, if is to be reeogaisted ihat; the introduction of insulaiing material«, in the form of is OIT for example of perlite. v emuéul«« or foam, glass fess the disadvantage shat the flit must be sintered or provided wi-h a binder. io ordet to doable fins; Ob to cure lu she building. block. When this fill Is not Introduced until after the production of the tmble; body, a coring dote of she fill is required, before the building block is ready for sale. If applicable, this; curing time can be shortened by a supplementary firing process, furthermore, the disadvantage exists that tbc velds is the different building blocks bold different quasities of insulating material, sud so corresponding insulating materials must be held available in different éonÉ|gurat ions. This applies |n particular in the case of those building blocks which are lo be filled with pfoinrnrsd insulating m&idrisl: bodies. Generally, if is necessary to bold available corresponding insulating material bodies for ettcb building block length sud width. Furthermore, the previously known building blocks have, In p&% the disadvantage that Ute introduced insulating material bodies are not arranged with a sufficient adlmslonslp the voids, add so the insulating material bodies most either be fastened with additional adhesive or protrusions in the voids. Tbc use of adhesive leads here occasionally to dm required fire-r#lsiaoee: grading not being able to be met, owing to the use of organic components. 'Hie eoiifiguratmh Of additional protrusions as clamping elements leads to mere complex moulds in the production of the building blocks mid to the problem that these protrusions can he damaged or destroyed daring mechanical manufacture, in parik:mar in the case of mechanics! insertion of the insulating material elements, with the result that success I? highly doubtful. Furthermore. these budding blocks Mm the disadvantage thai despite the additional protrusions into she voids which receive insulhfihg tsatemi, the insulating material falls out when the building blocks ate cut its their kmgitodiuaS dlmSnâÜ;«Building; blocks 'which are provided with fillings can have the tendency, on separating or cuffing open, thai: the filling is not sufficiently fixed sod trickles out. Therefore, special boikllhg blocks. designated as cut blocks, are offered. In addition, fillings have a ihestnal conductivity of a minimum of 0.043 W/tnK, 1ÔÔ091 Proceeding from this grlqr arf document, the invention is based on the object of thrlhfc developing a generic method for the production Of building blockssuch that an efficient mann&ctnr« of the building blocks In different lengths and widths is possible, wherein the bonding blocks have ygry good insulation characteristics* are able to os produced in. sufficient variability with regard to their sound- and/or heat-insulation characteristics, wherein a secure anchoring of the insulating materia! is to be ptovided, without the fire prelection characteristics substantially changing,

IlMlIhJ Furthermore, It is an object of the invention to provide a building block which Is able to be produced Is a simple hud cost-effective manner as a mass-produced article with excellent beat-· and/or sound-insulating characteristics, wherein a secure anchoring of the insulating material Is to be provided, without the fire protection chsmctemucs subsmmiady changlug. ssintluu to this problem ntakfes grovishfih ip a method according to the invest ion, that moulded bodies of an insulating material are utscited into ail voids, wherein said moulded bodies are made fern a matériái whlfeh. is eomptesalMe at; least is the direction of surfaces: arranged oppositely to each other* baye a volasse larger than the volume of the voids and preferably have a width -mäht a length greater the® that of the voids, so that said moulded bodies are frictions ily hold So said voids,, wherein sail! cokiddá bodies ate made front mineral libres bound by a hinder, in partiemarlrom rock, glass or slag fibred,, and have a fibre orientation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the voids, wherein said moulded bodiesare made from mineral libres bound by a hinder, in partién lat1 from rook, glass or slag übte», and ham a libre oriontaiioo parallel to tits longitudinal sais of the voids, |0d12| Ascorditfg to the invention, provision is therefore made that moulded bodies of as insulating nmterlsi are insetted into the voids of the building blocks such that the moulded bodies are securely commoted with the body of the building block and also sitii remain in the voids #Sen the void is open on pge side, and t|o moulded body lies only against three surfaces of the void, An additional fastening of ÉC moulded bodies is aoi necessary, although in some cases this additional fastening, fir example by a iharmoily aetiyitable adhesive, can he expedient and advantageous, -flo voids cud be constructed ideplleally with regard to their width* ntdependently of the length and width of the budding blocks, such that these- voids ban basically also bp equipped with identically wide insulating material elements, for example strip-, bar* dr plate-shaped Insulating material elements of Organic or inorganic libres, alternatively organic or inorganic expanded or foam materials, the prevision of insulating material elements of different widths is m lodger necessary item, so that the llling Of the bniiding blocks is substantially more efficient and more cost-effective. Will regard to the solution: of She above-mentioned problem. In a building block according to the invention provision is made that the |nsbiaiis| material Is constructed as a moulded body and is able to be inserted irlctkmaily into all voids, wherein the moulded bodies are inserted frlÄÄy ihm the voids, wherein the moulded bodies tux made from a ps|drlal which is compressible sd least in the direction of snrfaoas arranged opposltdly to eaeb other and wherein thé moulded bodies have a volume larger than the volume of the voids, and pelarably have à width and/or length gioater if an that of the voids, that the mpdllel'Mles ma^-Âmimmeral 'ß'&er§pmd by a hinder, in partlbolaf h-bm rock, glass or slag libres:. !(K»3| Thtough the Èletlohal connection between the insulating material, produced as a moulded/body, and the body of the lulidlag block, the insulating snaterial is ttpapged substantially undetaehably in the void, so that even cutting of the hdlldlng block does not imperatively lead to the insulating material failing put from the bniiding block, [0OH| Further features and advantages of the method according tq the invention or of the building block according to the invention will emerge frorn the snbehoms or from the following description of advantageous embodiments of the method according to the loysntion os of the building bioek according to the invention. |0OI5| The building block la preferably produced from inorganic starting materials, for example, such building blocks can bo produced from a Í5ydrauiisa!!y curing starting material, in particular from cement, lime, pave!, split, sand, natural and/or expanded light aggregates, with or without tire addition of other material», sncit as Sur example brick-dust, ashes or simriar materials, or irons a thermosetting starting material, In particular Irons clay, mud or clayed masses, with or without the addition of other materials, vii,h as iv.p, vH s st'd '* '»vine ft!atr vjs \r ess '-foe ' riystyrene, sawdust, paper fibre material or the tike. i'MIti) The production of fits building blocks cats fake place both continuously in the course of an ext ms ion process or dlscontinwoosty, in which the budding blocks are pteduced individtutliy in a mould, in that a plurality of moulds are filled· with the starting material and the starting material cures in the moulds. As already mentioned above,, the starling material cast core hsdraaheallv or after a drying process can he delivered to a kiln, iá which the buildtag block* are fired. (0017) A development of the method according so the Invention makes provision that the voids are configured with different lengths, wherein the greatet length represents an integral multiple of the aradiét. The voids cast therefore he equipped wild moulded bodies of inssriatmg material, whereto ihe moulded bodies basically have a consistent material thickness and length» coordinated to the voids. Preferably, the building block has two voids of different lengths, wherein the shorter voids have a length which coincides with half the length of the longer voids. The moulded bodies of insulating material cats therefore be held available itt a width which corresponds to the length of the longer void, wherein for the equipping of Use shorter voids, tee inssriaitrsg material for the formation of the moulded bodies is halved In its width and subsequently inserted into the voids with ihe shorter length, |(MH8) According to a further foaiurbof the tbethdd aectftdmg to"Síé· mveniioo, the voids are arranged extending at right angles to the lodgludihal axis of the body, m that the voids rust in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the hsftldtrsg wall which If cöhätmeted from the building blocks and enable M optimum beat and/or sound insulation of a building wall produced therefrom: |M.T$f Ihehtobh. the sotds ore conftgvred wtih c lens Ik that w gteatet then thr width of the xotds Furthermore, provision is made that the voids are configured with a rectangular cross section, so thus the moulded bodies of insulating material, for example of mineral Ship hoond by a binder, which are necessary for Oiling the voids, can be held available in weh anct/or plate form, wherein the individual moulded bodies are separated from these mineral libre webs or mineral ibro plates by a cut at right angles to the large surfaces of the ntihoral ®re webs or mlnctai libre pislog, |SS20| Moulded bodies of an insdiatfog material, sttbsMialty coinciding with äse cross-sectional shape of the voids, are inserted into she voids. 11)1)211 The moulded body is constructed so as to be compressible at least in the direction of surfaces arranged opposites;, io e.nh other and is mset ted prefomblv to a compressed state into the void. The compression of the moulded body before the insertion td the mottksed "-any tato the vont Istts the advantage that the moulded body Is not damaged by the increased friction, possibly occurring during insertion, on the Inner wall surfaces of the void, Thetefore, she posslhliltMiPI »fusings::f0|-'|^spi8p|ej moulded bodies of misterei fibres with a relatively low bulk density. Ιό 1)2 71 According so à further feature of the meshed according so the in ce smote the moulded bodv h ioetmed -'fictionally In she voni, where t η she moulded body Is preferably conKgured wish a length and/or widsh thai A ere cd os' than that of the void, ϊϊ> addition. provision can be made thai she moulded body is adhered Sts at least one inner wall surfasse of the void. As .already staled. moulded bodies of mineral fibres, bound b> a binder, in particular of rock or glass fibres a so ttsed, bus sis* natural fibres, 1st pacticnlur plans and-Or attimal fibres, such as slssx, hemp, sheep's nmol and she like. |O023| It has proved to be advantageous here to configure the moulded bodies with a fibre orientstiost parallel to the longitudinal a\ss of Use w«uh. so that the moulded bodies have a high compressibility isi the direction of she surface connais of lise large surfaces of the moulded body and accordingly cas he inserted in compressed form into the voids, [0024] its order to increase the adhesion of she moulded bodies tit she voids, provision is sssade according to a ioniser fe arts re of she method according so she invention Shat she inner wall surfaces of she voids am configured with a high surface roughness, Alternatively or additionally, provision can be sonde Ibii the Inner w&H surfaces of the voids are configured wish point-shaped and/or linear protrusions, which preferably· have a maximum height of I mm. The linear profusions are preferably eostfigured In s discontinuous tnanne r.

[Ö02II Frpvision is made according to a further feature of she ioventJsptMt the voidsdire arranged In rows,. Freiersihiy, in each row there are arranged, two voids having a different length. This |erves in parttcalar m maintain the stability of the building block, so that the building block has not only outer wall surfaces, but also webs ist the region between adjacent voids of & row. jO0M| Preferably, turn voids are arranged in each row, oust void having a length which is twice as large as the length of the second void. The voids accordingly have a length ratio of one third to two thirds. According to a further feature of the method according so she invention, provision is made that ihe voids with different lengths are ahernatingly arranged 1rs adjacent rows, só Ihat a web arranged between the: two voids Is arranged offset in a longitudinal direction of the bust ling block to a web between two voids of gn adjacent row. This configuration serves tes increase the stability of the fewidmg Mock. 10827) According to the invention, all voids are îîttei' •wlÉÿtalâtinp ÄimM Mme, the possibility exists to fill ihe voids with different insulating materials, so that the bn tiding block produced according to the method according to ihe Invention can be adjusted to the respective requirements hi she building wall. Thus, for example, different respkrements exist for the building blocks with repaid so the sound and/or best insulation, in so far as they arc installed in the external wall region or in the internal wall region of a building, Whereas in the external wall region, primarily the heat insulation is of great

IntgOWance,the Infernal walls In a bnfidiug ars primarily to %««. mpä4p.$a!Äti»g. ehwrticteristics, although slsoaimed tor there. |0828f .High sound*in$uUning characteristics are aeilevsd jntha? sí kast onefold, preferably all the voids la ot-e raw, b/are filled with a material, ős particular with"« grainy materül* .having a bulk density pf > ISOO kgtmK in particular > 2000 kg/m*. A building block produced- in: such; &amp; manner is th«n preferably ássd la the external wall region such ikat s inglr satmd insuktlM result is achieved, |0i)2fI it? the method neeocdlhgm tbs inynniotw pmmm m mads ftsitemere? itt an advantapous mannerThat the moulded bodies are separated fron» an almost endless strip-shaped Insulating p&amp;kns| Hers, provkdoo can ho mad® that the moulded bodies are separated from the almost endless strip-shaped hrsnlasing tnotettai alter insertion thereof Into the voids. Alternatively, the possibility exists that the moulded bodies are separated from the almost endless strip-shaped insula?ing material prior to insertion thereof into the voids, in both eases, the moulded bodies can terminal« in a surface-flush manner with the cubic body of the building »look, so thai a post-processing of the budding block is not necessary. When the building block has several?voids arranged in rows, endless snip-shaped issaiutiug materials, arranged adjacent to one another, pp pf course be Inserted and separated according to the length of the voids. The moulded bodies are produced as strips, pistes or hers from a mineral fibre web divided by one or more cats in s longitudinal direction. .Here, the mineral fibre web is guided shove a production Um for such building blocks pgrailei to the conveying direction of the building blocks and is e«t m a Ipngitodinai direction according to the number of required strips, plates or bars, whereupon the strips,, pintes or bars: cdttflptml its moulded! bodies are compressed and are delivered in cotnptessedistate to the voids, in the voids, the speuided bodies relax, so that they are fictionally hald ip the voids owing to their greater width nnd/of length with respect to the dimensions of the voids. |i0i3i>l According'!*».: a lüäfbei ' of the. invention, provision Is made that she minera l fibs# web &amp; cut cpstospbti&amp;g to lid: wkitb of Ä voids into dtiTerontiy wide strips, plates or bars, iidm which the moulded bodies are seperatosi, fdCfli h has proved to be advantageous that the enisle hotly is Ibin lenied Irons a mantle block tpatedal or a brick fragment ifeplsi a hoik density of < l.?0kg/dt«'\ in ordet ?o achieve a high heat insulation peÄrnanww pcovMott is made, .finally, In a method aceprdntg tu the levese ion, that the building block is fabricated with a web-void-ratio its she wail thickness direction of I : 2.2 to 2.S, and/or irt the wall longitudinal direction dfs : 2.0 to 2.3, Such a building block has n perforations proportion of between 56 and almost 64%, so thai also a correspondingly larp amount of fnsninting maietid can he InWodueed into Ihe building block. According to the invention, it la therhiore possIMe to prodgee the building block wnh s thermal conductivity of < 0,0$ W/tnIf. |d®32| The advantages, described above, of id method according to the hwention. are also ptdkldod in the loikling block soeordlng to the itmohion. Tb« bulldmg block aecordmi to lib invetttipa Is distfegolshed h fear fee Insalatlhg material is eonügared in fee ferm öf thbtddad bodies »«4 Is iVictioxtallv Inserted Into the voids.» wherein fee mfeided body preferablyhas a width and/or length which is greater than fear of the void. Therefere, tin: moulded body is inserted securely into the voids, so that it does not Mi out from tie bhidihg block even in dm rough working conditions which prevail on bu tiding sites, síid id parttcoiar refesfes Is fee voids even when the budding block for example is trlthfeed sdeh that fee void Is open ou one side, so that fee moulded body oniy lies against three remain ing inner w ail snrfeces of the void. Hereby, it is ensured that a building waU produced trom the budding blocks accdtfehg lb the Utveatkm has high heat and/or sound insulshon [0(1331 Preferably, the voids have different lengths and an identical width, so that a defined volume is provided. Through the identical width of the vends, the moulded bodies which are to be insetted, tor stemple of insulating material pistes with a constant material thickness, can be worked and subsequently inserted into the voids. The moulded bodies then merely intve to be adapted to the different lengths offer voids, it hss proved to be advantageous dial: the voids have different lengths, wherein the greater length is an integral multiple of the smaller, so feat for example voids with half or double lengths compared with standard voids can he fettnedi |Μ34| The voids preferably efetmdiai right ahglsa to the/longitndlnal axis offen body, wherein fee voids: have a length which is greater than the width of fee voids,

|Q03S| Such a building b|qck can be prodtseed in « simple tpanner whan fee voids have a reempgtiar cross section, so feat the thoMdod bodies see also cosSgpei »safe he reefengular ip etttsy sectfen. This configuration of the moulded bodies is advantageous In particular in the case of piafe*shaped Starting materia! of fexh'latmg material, because the insulating material, which Is delivered for example in web or plate forts, merely few to be dlvidel Into strips by a cut in a longitudinal direction or transversely hereto, which already have s material feiekness coordinated to fee width of fee voids, so that by means of fee cut »fei is fe bo earned out tip fengfe of fee moulded body of insulating matertsl can be adjusted, ikoeordtni to a further feature of fee building block according to fee Invention, provision Is made that fee moulded bodies are oonltgpred so as to be compressible at least in the direction of surfaces arranged oppositely to each other. Through the eotnpressibiiity of the moulded body, these can be inserted in a simple manner in compressed form into the voids, in which the mouided bodies stfesetpently expand and are held securely In the voids by Motion M

[(Mfefef Neverfeeleas, provision can additionally he mads feat fee moulded bodies are adhered to of least one inner wall sutfeoe of fee voids, f or sxampl®, fee mouldsd body sanfeave an adbasive layer :fe fee regina of an outer surface, which adhesive layer, alter the insertion of the nfenided body In the voids, Is able fe be activated for example by beat, |Cfe3?J The feoulddl bodies are made feoht mins» »res, hound by a hinder, in particular horn rook or glass libres, because these ittsulttîlng materials have at? excellent heat- and/or soutfeáttplslfeu behaviour, «ah fmlhermbrd ah« ïômpresÂèi lö s simple manner as a function of their bolk density. Finally, these W#Ôs||#É|:« able I» be worked, is pnrticaiar ent, readily. |803$| âeettdihg to a farther fpture of Sh« feveaäö»* provision h made timt she moulded bodies of mineriii libres bound by a binder have a fibre orientation parallel So the longitudinal axis of the voids, so thus tbs moulded body is configured so as so he compressible in the directum of the· surface nurmels of tie latié surfaces. |1&amp;39} in. ^IWoÄ^teasathemdhesion of the moulded bodies tb the voids, provision is made «seordthg to a further feature of the invention that the Inner wall surfaces of the voids have a high surface toughness. Alternatively or additionally, provision cast be made that the inner wall surfaces of the voids have point-shaped shd/or Ima® protrusions, which preferably have a maximat« height of f tom and la the ease of linear pptrnslons can be configured 1« a discoatlanons manner, so that they do opt impede ihb insertion of the moulded bodies into the voids. Thu production of the surface rougbttesa east be ensured additionally or alternatively by the surface srnsMm of a tow core dnrihg the eatrasioo of a cloyed building block blank or by a correspondingly configured mould. |6MJ According to a further S&amp;ature of the baildlpg block according to the invention, the voids are arranged in rows wherein, according to a further development, its each row two voids are arraopd,: Which have a dültetést length. Preferably, In each row there are arranged two voids, one void having a length which is twice as large as the length of the second void. A development of this configuration makes provision that the u «K wnh volument length.» arc altsmatingly arranged In adjacent rows. The configurations described above lead to a high stability of a building block according to the invent ion. 10041) According to a further feature of the Invention, all the voids of the building block can be filled With msdkling materiül. Here, the possibility twists to fill the voids with different insulating material·;. In order to adjust the building block according to I he Invention to different requirements of the building walls situated inside or ootstde the bnlMIff,

IlKt43| A high sound-insulating performance is achieved 5« that at least one void, preferably ail the voids, of a row of the building block Is/are filled with a material, la particular with a grainy material, having à bulk density of> 150d kg.'m\ in particular > 2000 kg/tsh, P043| The building block according to the invention preierebiy consists of a mantle block material or of a brick fragment having a bulk density of < 1 $0 fegithn3, which preferably has a thermal conductivity of < &amp;40 W/mK and a web-void-ratio in the wall ihidksidis direction of 1 : 2.2 to 2.5 and/or in the wall iohgktniiual direction of 1 : 2.0 to 2.3, Altogether, a huildtug block according to the invention, Hited làft Insulating material moulded bodies, with a total i..«Ht|das0 valu« < 0.09 W/mK. is produced. The hull: density of the insulating material of mineral fibres, provided according to the inveotloig lies in pareicuiar between 13 kg/m3 and 120 kg/m3 and has a Lsmhdau» value of < 0.034 W/mK. f@ô44J Further features and advantages of the invention will emerge from she following dsoetqption or t|e associated drawing. iß which preferred ensbodbncnts of a building block accordsug to the invention ip iiastrstei. la the drawing: thets are shown:

Figure I shows a building; blbiilc po|poed as δ highly perforated brief:: ip t wall fhlsihaiSSS dif:24 cm, hi a top view; figure 2 shows a building block according to figure i for a wall shscktssss of fit cm, itt a top view;

Figure 3 shows a building block according to Figure i for a wall -thickness of 36.5 cat, in &amp; top view;

Figure 4 shows a building block according to Figure 1 tor a wall thickness of 4(1 cm, in a top view, atid

Figure 5 fhows a building block according to Figure 1 for a wall thickness of 49 esrs. in a top view. I0Ö4S} A building block 1 11 insít ated in Figure i has a substantially cubic body 2, which has swo osier wail surfaces 3 and two outer wail surfaces 4, 5 ruunmg at right angles -hcseîo The outer wall ssÄpcs 3 are constructed so as to be Hag whereas the outer wad surface 4 has a «ose-shaped protrusion 6 and the cater two! surface 5 ha\ o cec-; 2 constructed tn a correspond log m&amp;osses to the stosc-shaped proon-bon 6. The building, block illustrated in Figure i has subs Onus ally a square base atea. I@046} in the building block I. voids 8 having s length ss and a widsh b ate arranged running parallel to she onset wall sur races 3. Purs hemmt«, tb« building block 1 has voids 9 with a length e and the width h. The les-gth e eorrespdsnh to half she length a, |@04-?j The voids 8 and § are arrabged 1» rows 19 add are separated from one ahotlser by a Who 1.1 with a web width d. The rows 10 are s^aratedJxw® boo agbthor by webs 12, wherein the webs 12 have a web svidsh e, }0<N8) In addition, tie building llook 1¾¾¾ fh the regied bf the outer wail SbrlnCPS 3, ohtbr walla 13 with a thlekoess farsd. its the region of the outer wail surfaces 4, 5, outer waits 14 with a thickness g, 106421 The esohodsrtseoi of &amp; building block I illustrated in Figure 1 is a schesnalle diagratn and the corresponding dimension? a to g are indicated belts« v-aik respect to Figures 2 to 5. J8888] ΤΙΐ® voids 8, 9 are fiídd: with mouldedbodies \ S of nnneral fibres bound by a binder, wherelu the! miserai fibres hisve a. fibre orsematloa parallel to me longitudinal asb of the voids g, 9 The moulded hsdlesjS sro eostsSrueled so «s to he compressible and are inserted is compressed stats into the voids 8, 9, In the relaxed state, the moulded bodies 15 hove a greaser mart-nal thickness compared to the width d of she voids 8, 9, so that she moulded bodies 15 ate fractionally held in the voids k, 9, Furthermore,, the mouhkd bother 15 correspond, w*tb regard to tK'v outer contour, to the voids 8, ^ of Use builditsg block I ., which are constructed so ss so he rectangular ist crows section.: fhoSlf Aiihongh 1st Figure t! and: also tu the following Figures 2 to 5 only some of the voids if# hire ftUed vstk snouided bodies 15^ ki ts self-evident the; in s building block 1 ail the voids 8, 9 or glaei on|| some of the voids 8, 9 csm he filled wish moulded bodies )5, wherein of course also different shohldhd bodies 15, i.e. for example those moulded bodies 15 with a high soandUnsulatssg peribrnuuee a|td those moulded bodies 15 with a ligfesheat-insulating performance are used, i99521 The voids b, 9 illustrated is Figures i so 5 have consistently widths b of 40 mm. Tise voids 5 have ss length a of preferably ISO mm, whereas the voids 9 have ss iersglh c of preferably 75 sees. Resulting herefrom Id'«.building block I according to Figure 2. with a width B of 30 cm, which coincides with a wail thickness ole building wall constructed herefrom, is a quantity of five rows 10 of voids 8 and 9 wills respectively a width !> of 40 mm and ss web wsdtfe e of 19,666 mm.

[90531 fbe webs 11 baye s web width d of 7,334 mm.· Theiiieknessg of the outer wall 14 Is 7,33 tusa in the season of the two protrusions 6 ahd g Illustrated 1st Flfpe 2 In tp rbgios of the öfter wail 19 on both sides of th« protrusions 6. Th« thickness f of the osster walk 13 is i6.666 sons sod therefore coincides With the web width e. (01)341 le Figure 3 a further esnhodisnerst of &amp; hssildissg block 1 is Illustrated, which Is provided lor the pswpctioh of a psldmg wall, with a· building wall thickness of 38 cm and therefore has a width B of If «ÎUv !?li5Sj ist sontrssst to the embodiment according to Figure 2, the embodiment according to Figure 3 dtilers In that. Instead of five rows 10 with voids 8, 9 in she embodiment according to Figure 2, now sis rsws lb with, bolds 8. f ittsd moulded bodies 1S inserted therein are provided. Resulting from this also Is a dlmeasifalbg·ft? the vtçel widths e of the webs 12, deviating from the embodiment according to Figure 2, which distsessslosksg in the embodiment according to Figure 3 has &amp; weh width e of 29 mm. in the satpo snapper, also the thickness fut she «user wall 13 of the building block 1 is now 2(1 mm, deviating frost Fsgtsfe 2. The imhdhiijuensioas a to d and g coincide with the embodiment according to Figure 2. |90$?i| In the dimensions a to g and L indicated ahova, the building block 1 péhrthog to Figore i has a proportion of voids 8,9 of 56.9%, whereas the proportion of voids S, 9 in the busMog block aooordlh| to Fififth 2 i§. 6ÖJP fhereire tp proportion of. moulded bodies 15. wldbh are lasertp m insÄlbg paissml ιφ· th« voids % 9> there te gts« Mss Is th* same «Ms? of topp dude. |0057| If: Figure 4 g further embodiment of a buikhng block I is illustrated, which differs from the building blocks I according to Figures; 2 and 3 in that the building, block 1 according ;:o figure 4 has st id5h 13 of 40 cos and accordingly is provided for a building wail with a wall thickness of 4ö css. With she exception of the thickness fand rise web width e, she dimensions of she building block 1 according to Figure 4 coincide with the dimensions of she building blocks l according so figures '2 a«d 3. ffiffering, she building bfock I accord mg so Figure 4 has a web width e of 15 nip arid a thickness :f of likewise 1.5 msn. Furthermore. it us to bo recognized Étal she building block ! according to Figure 4, unlike she hssildisrg block according to Figure 3, baa three protrusions h hud acciÄfty also three recesses '7 ön φί outer wall surface 4 lymg opposite, fdbb&amp;lThe moulded bodies IS pe itprted into the voided, 9, which voids 8, J are provided in seven paralMrows IÔ. f he building bipek I oeedtdipg to Figure 4 has a propurtion of voids 8, 9 of 63,1%, 100591 Finally, Figure 5 shows a further molding:block 1 with eight rows 10 of voids 8. 9 running is a parallel manner, wherein the building block 1 has two protrusions 6 is the region of an outer wail surface 4 and two recesses " in the region of the outer wall surface 5 lying opposite. The building block 1 according to Figure 5 has a proportion of voids 8, 9 of 589% and is constructed wish a width B of 49 cm, so that n Is provided for a building wall with a ss#,! tlu«fö5eSk öf 49 em, IÔ6S&amp;! Cotnpared to the bhlidiog blocks 1 described hbom, the budding Mock 1 according;*« Figure 5 also has coinciding dimensions for the lengths a p«d « andsip width b of the voids 8, 9, Fsrihertuor«, the thickness g of É9 outer wall Id Is also cotsstfuctdd In a soiheiding Pignapf wtih the previously dperibM exemplary embodmtenis of tbs building block L Fbdy the web width o* with a measurement of 18,||i pus, deviates tes this. This dlotessio« Is also provided for the thickness l«f the outet wail i 3. |dd«tl Th« bnihiing bfosls 1: described above und illustrated In; Figures 1 to: 8 cart he produced is 4«: adxam&amp;gcous nunmet by « method in which the hulMIng blocks t Igya first step ar«; extruded:1 ffiSPt a starting materlat, tor example cl ay, :mud or clayed masses, with: of without the addition; of Other materials, such as oonpi&amp;slie materials SPdipr opening· materials, for example polystyrene, sawdust, papr fites or the like, from a moatbpfece xDÈ'iijfc ;s&amp;feseq»P&amp;%: êchêMâ ffe®É {ÖÖdSf Subsequently, in ail tbs building blocks ί idoBräthd above with dÄrent width B It Is possible without difficulty to ßj| the voids §, 9 with eolocthrag moulded bodies I S, because the voids 8 Ip ail the building blocks i of Figures I to S Pro likewise constructed is a coinciding manner, ha the voids 9 of these building blocks 1, For this, it Is possible: to separate oorresppndtng moulded bodies 19 as strip-shaped insulating material elements: TroutIk mineral fibre wbb, io Intoadncc: them Into the velds 8, 9 and to opt: ibapt: off from the insulating material strips in a surfacc-ilush manner, before the: Insulating œaiÂl'. ^r^disub&amp;e^usstly introdueed into the next void ^:9Äh coinciding dimensioning.

Claims (11)

: ^: »Lsí; taste. 1, Methods For making bricks, especially for making brick bricks, there is essentially a cube shaped brick. aniöiy body at least ken to a length! la, e) * s have a cavity (S, 9) separated from each other by a «« focus (b), separated by ridges (I 1, 12), at least in part. where in essence a cubic body is made of a kilo of material * by the design of the old (1, 9) *, where all the old material (b, 9} is made of insulating material (IS.s) that ag ai &amp; the beams (15) in the direction of at least m opposed surfaces are formed by a large volume of cavities 18, 9, greater than the width of the cavity, preferably in the cavities, and / or by the length of the cavity so that? , aiakiestnk (1S> friction is the taste of Srőgekhp p, 9}, while the shape bodies (IS) are formed from binders of mineral materials, mainly rock, glass or slag, where the orientation of the fibers is parallel to the cavities (8). , 9) with longitudinal axis The method of claim 1, wherein the brick (?) Is made from inorganic starting clays. 3, Λζ I, a series of claims, e ^ 0'p &amp; emm% · month | §T Application 1: brewing according to paragraph 1, a wall brick (I) of a hydraulically mechatic starting nut | hay, ash, ash, limestone, gravel, crushed stone, sand, natural and / or swollen light gut material materials like. for example, with or without the addition of dough powder, ash and the like, or other heat-emitting starting material, in particular clay, adobe or clay mass, other materials, mordants and / or burning materials such as pollstyrol, sulfur powder. paper fiber; Desire with or without similar additions. The method of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the sister (15) is substantially the same as that of the Olds (8, 9). &Amp;AI; 1. ipnypodt m (α, §) is formed with different lengths (a, c), where one of the lengths (a) is the integer multiplied by%,%. The method of claim 1, S &amp; B &amp; eMemewe, that the elderly (8, 9) are arranged extensively within the body (s) by means of a pellet. The method of claim 1, wherein the old (8, 9) to create an annoyance greater than the width of the cavities (8x9); 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the cavities are formed by the rectangular rectangular Hali s. The.! .. or $. Process according to claim nzzaf jtiíemezvc. that the atactestel (15) is compressed into the cavities (8 <9). 11. The Lmm mmmx procedure. ezz * i jeilemev *. to m basics (15) prommm Sszkmgâss ^ ukMiîsgëk p, 9} with at least one internal MMO, 12. The openings of claim 1 or 9 optbs, «« · «/, k> Removing the substrates (15) Isp, nïd ~ or stdaperia. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bumps (8, 9) are internally "" slid out with large Mnkii roughness. 34, The method according to claim 13, wherein said mt / subset of the inner bulletin of the baguettes is formed by the mn m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m k n H 15, l. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the bumps (8, 9) is formed by motels with point and / or line protrusions, which are preferably 1: tanth at the height of the spine, 16, A15 is required. process, i.e., the line-like protrusions should be as follows: kdiseazilk, 37. The method of claim 1, bpgy m old: p, 9) in rows (10); zük 17. Epaob according to claim 17, with-J # I &#39; t &amp; (e) have 19, A (according to claim 8, the method with / before, each row (19) has two Olds (19)); 3, 9}, wherein one cavity (whose annoyance is twice asim, isim to the cavity (9) length ii) is a method according to claim 17 or 18, with the half-boss being bossy: old: ( 3 * 3) are arranged alternately in adjacent rows {10). 31, I would like to see the oldest (8, 9} insulation material, .21,... A17. All the horns # 9) BRAIN ISÖFL kgimLi: The 2pcs / m? crude brewery, foxes with an agglomerate (stitched 33,: A, or 9, claim Smmt method, agpl ^ Aitntazra that the substrates (13) are infinitely tapered on their joints on the surface of the substrate. Process, characterized in that the base body (15) is chosen in five of the insertion into the cavities, H, 9, in &amp;amp; endless endless ribbons, a stellar leg, ͧ. Clause 23, Claim Skbrihi Procedure. characterized in that the body bodies (15) are cavities | p; r9 | ysiA bellowsching killed: response jigsaw of an anemic biosphere endoscopy «insulation material. 2 § "Αχ i: or 9" sxanotf eljirâ j ogy,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« «« ««. »Pris, mmí &amp; limtezm> that s t lg sgllas material paths in the holes (b) of the voids (k, <h) of the cavities are selected for > s width bands, sheets or rmls from which the single members (t5> are separated, 2g A | : I »igiüfype»! Azerirts procedure, ^ l / 0mwzv $, bean & body i2) <l> 70 kg / rluf raw density borkblei4g} ü''Soÿsgfeâ} (ftlitge · part of the state skk 2É The |.>: Demand is nothing $ j # ä% mmi that is the age of the child: (1 | «Ö> §9 1 ¾ of the incipient mrysgoci l hlfuk &amp; 3tg A2. &amp; thick *% directions 1: 2.2-2.5 garroe-ht &amp; yatÿhî andvsgy in the longitudinal direction of M 1: 2.0-2.3 gÄtM flame ratio 3111 () 0¾ pre. 3Ii brick * até mullyuM brick, brain is essentially a cube-shaped body «!, which has at least Mt body, with an annoyance (a, c) and a width (b> rhymes, apart from each other) (U 12 }, separated by at least part of a cavity (δ, 3}) for receiving an insulating material, wherein the insulating material is configured as an insert (15) in each cavity (8, 9). &amp; ïpttemezv <ïf that the formwork (15) is drooping in the old ones. 8, 2} b «Np * M,« fcbhai «Wktestefe # 5> four: at least m of each other arranged Selb laths in the direction of the bumps. formed and, where * the subframes (15) are larger in width than the cavities (g; 9), preferably in the cavities «(3, 9} with greater width and 'or length, and with the binders f 15) : pruned mineral sponge shells are mainly made of Máté, ftvegapa saakszálak, where the orientation of the strands is parallel to the "cavities (8.2} heat strings, 32. A 31 according to the requirement! cavities, setmti $ 0 * #« z cavities; (1, 9) * .ol '»with fibz # lengths (a, sf and: same headline !: (b) resdnlbék, and: edgePyS: have a ptS volume 33) old # (i>% ptp) al: (¾: o | rena-hand, where both lengths (at the other: p. p) is the number of multiple. • 34i. k 31, ferrition, ozro / pitmmzm, that «cavities P, §3 tfst (3} bosádengdyuvd pmmzasman kteiM§i« - "^ LbnÄekeö4e! &amp; m: 3Si:  51, claim ssetfetí , Ibgy axhrégeh p, 9} with a length (h, c). The order of twins which is larger, tnmt the old ones (3, 9} width (b). 3C 4 | 1 J | g # hfpo: «fs *« rmti f &am; 37. The Calaxod Brick, according to the Promise Bible, «îSfi * JeUemm, Thermoblue #, ^ U Cavities (8, 9); cross-sectional shape is basically slippery> * «2i» shoulder straps || n. A. 31. The Phase Axis according to claim, m * l is a tongue plate * that is a form factor; {15} additionally glued to the old C8, 9) with at least one internal jet. 39 .4 A propellant according to claim 31, characterized in that it is formed by a sheet, or a strip or ribbon. 40. The wall of claim 31 comprises a wall & a sky. «We jetfems» * that »Oxppfe Ok 9) internal Mel &amp;amp; day Mül« ü roughness, 4L The wood jet according to claim 31, the Asian jetem &amp; ve that the "old" <8 * 9) inner wall surfaces / or with a line-shapedOne orbit, which is advantageous with a maximum height of ï mm. A wall panel according to claim 31, characterized in that the cavities are <8, 9) | orokfean (i 0} esnssk arranged; ,, A3) Ifclszéîègla, ssmi ßßmmm i # old 0 | | j? 44. There is a false brick according to claim 42, eu <tf j «U * m« zWi in each row (times: Old {8,% ·, where one punch {8 } with a length (a) of 9 «: it reaches the length of the second cavity, and the length of the other cavity {9} {«}. 3, 9} 55 adjacent rows {19 * alternate mMm are arranged. "44. The &amp; loosener &amp;amp;#> 2Ô '| ^^ i?' Filled with bulk density, mainly granular material, 47. 4 31, Igdpypom haircut *: «woodchip, &amp; zmí. .2) <1.70 kg / dre * of crude density • of the crude material, consisting of a tile, 43, according to claim 31, having a thermal conductivity of <0.09 W / mK. 49, Λ 31. Phase passage according to claim 31, eu «t; '« # # that gerlne * old ratio of wall thickness finysbsn t: 2.2-2.5 and / or wall lengthwise abac, 1: 2.1) -2.3. Ä The wall of the wall according to claim 3L «,« JMmmm Mgf is the ibhtx of the brick kilo t enyo§É * &amp; thermal conductivity <41.35 W / mK. 51. A masonry brick according to claim <1, characterized by the fact that the materials of the inorganic starter are sewn, 5¾ of the fixture according to claim 1, having a hltrouHteöo expeditioning material, there is cement, lime, gravel. crushed stone. acres, diatoms, other additives, other minerals, such as mmxx or hasoaldic materials, or anaerobic S3, the 31st grade * masonry, sludgeMems-mf, that has a heat source of clay, clay, adobe or clay masses, other materials, mimicry and / or clay materials, for example! polysom !, by adding powder, paper, or wax