HU2291U - Pirtolisating apparatus for processing coarse chips produced from plastic and rubber waste - Google Patents

Abstract

A pyrolisis apparatus for processing coarse granules produced from plastic and rubber scraps and producing hydrocarbon products which has an inner chamber (3) with a vertical axis, serving as a pyrolysis reactor, a combustion chamber (1), an outer reactor case, inlet and outlet elements for the products (17, 18, 20, 24, 9), heating elements (7) and stirring elements (13), wherein the inner chamber (3) is conical at the top and the bottom, it has discrete heat-baffle elements (6) facing the combustion chamber (1), there is a reverse screw mounted on its axis (18) in the pre-feeding tank (17) and the lower blade of its agitator 813) has side scraper elements (14).

Description

LáoA 00ΙΑ3

LICENSING

FELDANY

The subject of the application is a pyrolysis apparatus for processing coarse chips made of plastic and rubber waste for the production of hydrocarbon products. Specifically, the utility model application is an object system for processing non-domestic wastes that are accumulated on a large scale on a large scale by an environmentally friendly process; more precisely, for the treatment of environmentally-polluting, non-treatable waste, namely the processing of rough chips made of plastic and rubber waste, in addition to the production of hydrocarbon products. The present application design has a device as a pyrolytic reactor with a service vertical axis inner chamber, a fire chamber, a reactor exterior housing, product insertion and discharge elements, running elements, and a mixing device.

Today's typical problem worldwide is that end-of-life products that are no longer available can cause environmental pollution in the absence of an appropriate quality industry. One of the reasons for this is that the waste is used in power plants, and thus mainly for energy purposes. In most cases, the traditional way of producing heat results in severe environmental damage. Another danger is the non-professional processing of the waste, ie, in the absence of selection, the burning of untidy conditions. The widespread methods of disposing of waste are, therefore, the combustion of the power plant and its use as secondary raw material. Combustion of a thermal power plant or a cement plant is a general industrial process involving each type of waste. The recycling of plastics and rubber molds in the course of the development of the specialty sectors, besides specialization, created the un. recyclin procedures. However, due to the diversity of materials, their classification is unsatisfactory and, if not by manufacturer, the product can rarely be used as a source material equivalent to the producer. The production of rubber products is demanding for the specified raw materials. Since the large-scale installation of combustion technologies, due to the more stringent environmental regulations, expensive investments are able to cope with wastewater treatment and air-purity protection, the recycling of waste with low percentage of industrial rubber products should be done without environmental pollution. 3 Partial pyrolytic breakdown in practice has been the practice of many manufacturers since the 1960s, and has developed a variety of solutions. For example, the German Krauss-Maffei, Kiener, and Mannesmann pilot plants have been trying to process rubber rubbers. Ά The common features of the above procedures are as follows: a) The tires are milled in several steps to an average particle size of 1-3 mm and then sent to a drum reactor; b. At a temperature of 500 ° C, gases and vapors were decomposed into soot, which was not economical to recycle at that time.

At the same time, TOSCO-GOODYEAR handles 300 tonnes / day of rubber complexes from the manufacturing plant, similar to those mentioned above, in a drum reactor, at atmospheric level, in a drum reactor, in a large number of 52 factories and computer-assisted large plants in the US. at low temperatures. In this process, each product of processing is recycled into production.

The above-mentioned partial pyrolytic procedures are well known in the art, and their machine equipment can be constructed by specialists, but their large-scale distribution has serious obstacles that can be summarized below. • The amount of energy that can be obtained from wastes is smaller than the current mineral structure, in line with the current industry structure; • the drum reactor is expensive, demanding for the sealing system, with energy-efficient, expensive grinding; • large-scale production of concentrated air pollution; • automation is complicated, structure maintenance is demanding; • a collection network is needed; • its products assume a stable market; • raise additional environmental issues and problems.

In industrially developed countries, a very large amount of rubber and plastic waste is produced on a regular and ongoing basis. High-pressure and high-temperature processes require expensive investments, and their operation is costly, so they cannot solve the problem. The task to be solved is to create low-cost, simple technology maintenance-free equipment that can produce energy at low temperature, low pressure, ie acceptable operating costs, with increased environmental protection. The above has been accomplished by reference to No. 1 853. equipment that is familiar from the description of Hungarian usage patterns.

This utility pattern is based on the discovery that, while the large dimensions of conventional drum reactors, the reaction space is full of gasses or vapors due to the decomposition of the finely ground fine milled chips, and mismatches, heating problems, or other operating disturbances Because of undesirable condensation, elongation of contaminants, longer stoppages, a vertical arrangement reactor is capable of delivering the material to be treated at a bulky portion of the shaft and thereby achieving a large-size, therefore loose-structure chips being treated, In addition to fuel firing and continuous controlled speed mixing, the flue gases that make turbulent flow in the combustion chamber intensively transfer their heat content to the massive material in motion, and the formation of gaseous gases and the escape of gases / vapors are not obstructed. stable pressure and yields the desired end product in addition to the set parameters. The essence of the above pattern of use is that it has a pyrolizing reactor-like arrangement with top-loading and lower-pushing. The reactor is preferably provided with indirect heating, which is formed by tangentially mounted burners horizontally to the lower part of the furnace. The above equipment is advantageous in several respects, but its processing performance has not proved sufficient.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a description of the method described in FIG. to develop a solution according to the Hungarian usage pattern and to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantage.

It has been found that the device improves performance in terms of performance through certain structural changes. 6 The present utility model thus has a combustion chamber comprising a vertical axis internal chamber serving as a pyrolysis reactor, a reactor external housing / inner chamber with product insertion and storage elements, heating elements, and a mixer with a common axis of the reactor. having an internal chamber having a fixed and deflected heat deflecting element at the bottom and top of the conical side of the furnace side, the dispensing container is releasably mounted on the edge of the reactor filling valves and the axis of the axial dispensing container is provided with an inverted screw; and the bottom mixer blade of the bottom mixer of the bottom section of the bottom part of the chamber has a properly fixed lateral scraper. The device is provided with a heat-resistant steel exterior wall instead of the usual braided masonry.

Preferably, the heating elements are arranged tangentially, relative to one another, externally on the reactor housing.

According to a preferred embodiment, the bottom formation of the furnace is provided with a velvet liner, while the outer jacket has ceramic thermal insulation. The reactor according to the usage pattern is illustrated for the sake of better comprehensibility with reference to the Figures, wherein Fig. 1 shows the apparatus in section; Fig. 2 is a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 3 with outlets, and Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 2. 7

Thus, Figure 1 shows that the vertical axis 3-chamber (pyrolysis reactor) is concentricly contained within the combustion chamber. The lower limiting element of the inner chamber 3 is the bottom 2 common to the fire compartment 1, which defines the inner chamber 3 and the fire compartment 1. The slide cover 15 and the product discharge pipe 20 are disposed on the dome cover 5. The upper boundary element of the furnace 1 is the flange lid 4, which is secured to the edge of the outer jacket and to the neck of the inner chamber 3 by a screw connection in the preferred embodiment of Figure 1. At the bottom center of the bottom chamber 3, the mixing device 13 is provided, which is provided with scraping elements 14, and the opening 23 for the shaft 12 and the carbon black outlet 9. The opening 23 includes a bearing housing for the motor drive 10. The drive is driven by a cross-drive. The lower furnace 1 of the firebox 1 is provided with heating elements 7, which are diagonally arranged relative to one another, in this case block burners mounted on fire pipes. The sliding gate 15 mounted on the dome end 5 and the gate valve 16 at the bottom of the dosing tank 17 form a sluice, over which the dosing device is formed by an inverted rotary screw with only one axle drive. The lower boundary section of the inner chamber 3 is a slag closure 8 for emptying the slag.

The feedstock is delivered to the dispenser tank 17 by a unique conveying device, from which, by means of level control, after the opening of the gate valves 15 and 16, it is partially gravitationally driven to the rotary screw having the 18-axis, by the operation of the auger continuously loosens during storage, thus avoiding the collapse of the material which becomes dislodged, loading can be solved quickly.

After dosing, the gate 15 and the lower gate 16 are closed. By operating the heating elements A7, the furnace 1 heats up to the set temperature. Due to the diagonal arrangement of the heating elements shown in Figures 2 and 3, the air handling characteristics are favorable, they do not interfere with each other's operation, as in the case of different placement. The desired operating pressure is provided by the intermittent movement of the lateral scraper elements 14 of the mixing device 13, resulting in the filling of the heat transfer surface, resulting in a more degradable material. The oil vapors generated on the coarse decomposition decomposition deliver a portion of their heat content to the loose fill, resulting in secondary heat transfer. Since the inner chamber 3 of the present application is having lower and upper conical members, as opposed to cylindrical or above-conical designs, both the surface enhancement and the filler are more suitable for reactors than the reactors of the prior art. Advantageously, the movement of the filler is influenced by a brace 19 fixed to the end of the shaft end 12, which fixes the lateral scraper element 14 secured by the lower cotter screw connection 26. At the end of the cycle, the slag remaining on the bottom plate 2 is predominantly carbon black, if the base material did not contain metal reinforcement, its remnants with the carbon black are removed 9 when the lower gate 8 is opened, and the gate valves 15 and 16 are closed.

The intense heat transfer between the combustion chamber 1 and the inner chamber 3, the deflector plates 6 welded to the fire chamber wall 1 of the inner chamber 1 preferably increases and facilitates the hot flue gaspiral flow, which exits the furnace 1 through the chimney flue 25. The heat reserve of the apparatus is a velvet padding not shown in the drawing, which is positioned as the bottom formation of the firebox 1, while the heating of the ceramic thermal insulation 21, 22 mounted on the outer jacket does not affect the thermal failure of the apparatus. Light insulation is secured by a plate casing. The device is automatic for all operations, so the delay between successive cycles (inlet, processing and pushing) is the opening and closing of the disconnecting elements. The reactor internal chamber according to the present use pattern has a design performance of 2.5 times as described in FIG. compared to a solution according to the Hungarian usage pattern, with the same basic dimensions. Thus, the amount to be dispensed and the amount that can be processed during one processing cycle has increased in such a ratio. The performance enhancement is facilitated by the low-impact design of the inner chamber 3, as this allows a greater amount of material to come into contact with the heat transfer surface at the same time along the inner pouring surface.

In the same direction, the mounting plates 6 for removing the heat content of the flue gas, which improve the heat transfer, prevent the turbulent flow of the flue gases and cause the gases in the combustion chamber to pass through the spiral flow.

It has also been found that more efficient heat transfer can be achieved in a smaller firebox, which is enhanced by the use of a heat-resistant steel exterior wall instead of a chamfered wall to impart radiant heat to the interior chamber surfaces of the 3. Replacing the heat-resistant masonry has the additional advantage that the heat content of the furnace does not cause a fire hazard, the heating and cooling of the equipment can be quickly solved. The addition of the lower sash 14 of the mixing device 13 to the side scraper elements contributes to more intensive movement on the heat transfer surface. Dosing of the material to be treated is more complete with the reversed screw on the shaft 18 mounted in the dispensing tank 17, which prevents clogging of the dispensing opening 24 by loosening the middle-chopped chips, and then grinding the mantle so that dosing is quick and free of plugging.

Claims (3)

USE SAMPLE POINTS 1. Pyrolysis apparatus for the processing of coarse chips made from plastic and rubber waste, for the production of hydrocarbon products, with a combustion chamber (1) comprising a vertical axis internal chamber (3) as a pyrolysis reactor, an external casing of the reactor, the inner chamber ( 3) a top-side mixer (13) with product elements (17, 18, 20, 24, 9), heating elements (7), and a vertical axis (13) with the vertical axis of the reactor, characterized in that the inner chamber (3) comprises: the bottom and top conical constructions of the flange (1) of the combustion chamber (1) are properly fixed with deflection plates (6), the dispensing container being releasably mounted on the rim of the reactor filling valves (17) (17) and with a shaft (18). the shaft (18) of the dispensing container (17) of the dispenser is provided with an inverted auger, at the center of the bottom portion of the inner chamber (3); the bottom mixer plate (26) of the blender mixer (13) has a properly fixed side scraper (14), Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating elements (7) are tangentially arranged relative to one another from the outside of the reactor housing. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom formation of the furnace (1) is covered with a velvet liner, while the outer jacket has ceramic thermal insulation (21, 22). The proxy: