HU227728B1 - Process and apparatus for making oil from waste based on plastic, rubber and other waste containing organic carbon - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for energy energy from plastics and / or rubber waste, which processes thermoplastic plastics and rubber waste and, as an intermediate step of the process, to produce a product suitable for power plant use, optionally oil. The present invention is also suitable for the treatment of wastes which cannot be traced back to plastic rubber production technology. The process according to the invention is characterized by the fact that, in a known manner, a 10x10 mm plastic foil or 50x50 mm rubber mills and other 1-1 mm size material can be introduced into the upper reactor tube (24) via a screw feed system (17). ), wherein the lower part of the receiving hopper (22) of the metering screw (22) is prevented by the use of a motorized throttle, the air entering the space of degradation, and a further dispensing system (20) containing a barrier screw (23) to ensure that the material flow is continuous, free from dripping, a 3-5% by weight zeolite catalyst is added to the base material prepared in this way by means of a screw catalyst feeder (112), and the combination thereof is introduced into the interior of the upper reactor tube (24) and thermodestruction is carried out in the upper reactor tube (24). and the remainder of the remainder from the middle r into the reactor tube (25) and then into the lower reactor tube (26) and the solid phase from the bottom reactor tube (26) is discharged from the reactor (115) by means of a slag removal device (212), and the slag thus obtained is cooled to room temperature and transient. it is delivered to a storage tank (120) from which the gas produced is discharged from the reactor tubes (24, 25, 26) to the condensers (15, 25, 26) along with the vapors of the liquid phase produced, preferably by lorry (121). 16), wherein the heavier hydrocarbons are optionally cooled to 200 ° C and separated from the further flow and then optionally cooled to 110 ° C to remove the so-called light hydrocarbons, the resulting oily material from a surface filter, centrifugal separator, and an oil treatment system (13) assembled from an absorbing filter whereby the temperature of the oil is raised to a given temperature so that its viscosity is maintained at such a level that its solids content can be released from the liquid phase under the slightest internal frictional conditions, the purified oil being transferred to storage tanks (12) for temporary storage; the oil sludge that settles here is re-introduced into the reactor (115) via the oil sludge regeneration line (111), a gas cooler (14) is used to cool the gases produced and discharged from the gas cooler (14). recirculating the product gas through the process gas pipeline (110) to the gas burning heads (117) in which, during continuous operation, it is incinerated without the introduction of an external energy carrier;

Description

A process for producing energy from plastic and / or rubber waste

The present invention relates to a process for the production of energy from plastics and / or waste materials, which process comprises the processing of iermopyxic waste plastics and rubber, and the intermediate step of the process is to produce an electrical power plant semi-product, optionally an oil. The present invention is also suitable for waste disposal. which can no longer be traced back to plastic rubber production technology.

Typically, large amounts of various types of plastic and rubber waste are generated in our time, due to the increase in social consumption along with the modern, beneficial properties of these materials. According to a notable announcement, more and more innovative solutions have been developed in the technical field as fossil fuels become more expensive.

In the prior art, AV Kridgewater et al; kast pyrolysis processes fór btómass; Renewabls and Sustainable Energy Reviews 4 (20 (1 ()} 1-73) Describes methods for the rapid pyrolysis of biomass. The article states that the liquid dieselsuyagoku produced during these ⁵ steps are important for storage and transport. a> e \ as compared to gas fuels .. The liquid fuel produced during the process is used in the production of tin, water heaters, engines, turbines and as a source of chemical raw materials Koznosmak

Lawrence A. Ruth; Energy writing for Nazi sobs vraste; Prog. Energy Gombost Sci Vol 2.4 pp 545-564 (1998) knew you how to turn urban waste into an energy carrier. These energy carriers can be used to generate electricity, increasingly replacing the use of coal to produce electricity.

WO 02 (18381.6) relates to the treatment of carbonaceous materials in a reactor. Carbonaceous materials such as canes, plant residues from forestry or agricultural processing, urban solid waste, waste, fuel are fed into the reactor upstream where the inorganic particulate matter is fed. The material is contacted with the material and the reactor wall at elevated temperatures, and is essentially in the presence of oxygen to convert the material into at least a large proportion of processed gas products, thereby forming a gas phase containing liquid gas and processed products. a dense slurry is formed in its ascending space, between 7x10 ^{s and} 3x1 (ppm particle size). The weight ratio of your tiny particles heat transfer material to carbonaceous material is 1: 1 to Eh 1. the mixing of the sputtered material has been improved, and the feed material is coarser and less uniform than usual.

U. S. Patent Publication No. 61,33499 discloses a process and apparatus for producing superheated steam using heat from waste incineration. During the process, hot water is put under pressure, so that it boils. 200 ° C ~ 3 () (GC, boiling water is heated at least in a ke section. In the first stage, the heat energy of gases containing chlorine constituents is used to heat the water to the boiling point. In the second stage. Containing no chlorine constituents The first stage uses the heat energy from the boiling point of the water to heat the steam. The first stage uses the heat energy from the combustion of the pholysis gases. During pyrogenesis, the waste material is introduced into a room containing liquid bed fluid at 30 ° C and the pyrolysis is started. the second stage uses the heat energy from burning charcoal.

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JP 2004 Π 5688 discloses a process and apparatus for the disposal of wastes such as biomass, organic wastes, R.DF and RPF. The coke-containing furnace is introduced into a rotary furnace comprising a tumbler core tube and an interior mixing ram. The waste is gasified in the gasification part of the core tube. The tar and / or coke generated during the thermal decomposition of the waste is discharged into the gas passage on the side downstream of the gasifier portion of the core rain. The coke mixed with the waste is emptied from the core tube of the purifier.

The KA. Patent Publication No. 200501-22929 discloses a process for the production of solid fuel from htdladsk plastic.

It has been an object of the present invention to provide a process for the production of an energy carrier, optionally an oil combustible gas, from a waste material of plastics and / or rubber by a continuous operation. and from that electricity.

In the process of the present invention, it has been discovered that when used in the process. special technological parameters are properly adjusted, appropriate additives are added, plastic and / or rubber waste is continuously added, and the process material is continuously removed from the system, and the intended purpose is achieved.

The invention thus provides a process for the production of energy from plastic and / or rubber wastes comprising the step of producing, by means of a tentodestructive process, a plastic and / or rubber waste as a raw material for energy production, in particular oil and combustible gases. which are known in the art to be used to produce electricity. The process is characterized in that the feedstock prepared in a known manner, optionally half lox plastic and 50x50 mm rubber shreds and other 1-lomm sizes, is introduced into the upper reactor tube via a screw feed adjuvant swirl, where a motor slide valve in the lower part of the metering slide receiving hopper, preventing air from entering the degradation field, and providing a further metering system comprising an anti-slip auger; In order to ensure a continuous flow of the material, without quenching, 3-5 mass phosphatolite types of potassium zeolite are added to the prepared feedstock using a screw catalyst feeder, and a combination of these is introduced into the interior of the upper reactor and a portion of the thermodestructor is the remainder from here is fed to the middle reactor tube, then to the lower reactor tube, and from the lower realtor is discharged from the reactor by means of a post-removal device, and the slag thus obtained is cooled and by intermittent emptying, preferably by truck, the resulting gas, together with the resulting liquid phase vapors, is discharged from the reactor tubes via the product line. up to the condensers, where the heavier hydrocarbons are optionally cooled to 200 T and separated by further flow and then optionally cooled to 110 ^F 'C, the so-called light hydrocarbons are separated from the oily material by means of a substantially surface filter from a centrifugal separator, an is treated in a complex oil treatment system in which the temperature of the oil is raised to a given temperature, so that its viscosity is maintained such that its solids content is sulfur-free for external etching from liquid effervescent under low frictional conditions «φ« «φφ *» * * φφ «·» · * * *φφφφφφΦΦjuk j jΦ j jjukjukjukjukatjuk jjukΦjukjukjukjuk * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *Φ * * * * * * * * * * * * mai * * mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai mai and the oil sludge in the feed and the so-called gas heat exchanger temsekgází technological gas pipeline: their return to the gas burner heads. in which continuous combustion is carried out without the introduction of an external energy carrier, the process further uses the intermediate oily liquid and gas as fuel for one or more internal combustion engines, which are directly energized by a direct mechanical connection for electric power supply. or more electric synchronous generators.

In a preferred practical application of the process according to the invention, the waste material used is a thermoplastic resin which, during preparation, is reduced to a size smaller than 10xlmm by means of a raw material shredder and metered using a metering screw. & reactor. wherein, for 16-18 minutes, 460-4SO ^! It is treated at a temperature of 'C in an oxygen-free environment.

In another advantageous application of the process of the invention, the waste material is a tire which is prepared during the preparation using a raw material shredder 50x50mm. size and added to the reactor using a dosing line, optionally treated for 18 hours at 475-495 ° C in an oxygen-free environment

According to the invention. In a further preferred application of the method, raw material waste .alkalmazunk municipal waste containing at least 80% of plastic waste by using material shredding comminuted little into at 5Öx5Ömm during preparation, and the bin is added to the reactor, wherein optionally from 18 to 20 minutes at from 460 to 480 ^c At temperature C, we treat it in an oxygen-based environment,

In a further preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, the liquid phase generated in the technology is subjected to a directed conversion of hydrocarbon molecules suitable for its motor use, which involves adjusting both the physical characteristics of the decomposition process and the catalysts used. they determine the structure of the molecule, on the one hand, and impurities, on the other. thirdly, the energy demand of the decomposition process is reduced and the addition of catalyst materials is provided in a manner similar to that of the feedstock stream by means of a catalyst addition system.

In a further preferred practical application of the process according to the invention, the intermediate oil suitable for use in the internal combustion engine for energy production is used for power plant operation such that the oil produced from the storage tanks as an intermediate and from the storage tanks into a technology is a pump center. guides us towards the application and controls the operational requirements of the power plant motors and its safety requirements in the design of the fuel supply system and supplies the electric power generated by the motors with the help of electrical switchgear and transformer to the utility network for use,

In a further advantageous application of the method according to the invention, the motors used in the motor application are supplemented by means of additional devices, e.g. They are equipped with heat exchanger heat, an intercooler, which is used to partially boost the engine's charge gas through the superheated charge of the engine by heating and expanding the compressed gas medium through the turbocharger passage, thereby reducing the charge level and the intermediate coolant. and thus its density is increased, consequently it increases the charge level of the motor, and the synchronous generators

»« • * ♦ ♦ the heat energy produced by it is utilized in a heating water circuit, preferably utilizing its firing targets, which interconnects the inlet elements of the engine, the intermediate, the radiator, the lubricating oil cooler, the. mofort block refrigerator as well. the flue gas heat exchanger in a way. that the water is constantly rising. and the heat energy produced by the synchronous generators is used at the target room for a hit.

It is a further advantageous practice of the present invention to clean the interior of the process system using a system scrubber using a light hydrocarbon detergent precipitated from the scrubber at the lower point, which fraction can be cleaned properly by batch separation.

In the most general embodiment of the process of the invention, the prepared material enters the upper reactor salt 24 via a screw feed system 17. A motorized slider is integrated into the lower portion of the garage 21 of the dosing auger receiver 22 to prevent air from being seen in the degradation field. The process of pimping is performed in the oxygen-free sphere inside the reactor depression 24,25,26. The function of the gate valve is also to prevent the release of decomposition products into the open space in the final stage of stopping the technology.

The design of the vault barrier screw 23 on the feed system 17 ensures that the flow of material is continuous, free from vorticity. The structure of the reactor 115 is essentially a continuous flow of material in terms of its three-way structure.

The end of the 24,25,26 reactors is horizontal in nature. The lower, middle middle 26.25 of the reactor tube 115 of the reactor 115 is heated to 29,211 guAgoll ?, thus providing the amount of thermal energy required to dismantle the thermoplastic plastics. The flue gas from the 29,211 gas burners heats its heat transfer surfaces as it flows through reactor 115.

Plastic and rubber in the reactor go through the following physical and chemical processes,

- Stage One: Physical Change, Changes to Himma, Melt.

- Second stage: the temperature of the melt increases to the level of chemical decomposition, temperature.

- Third, section; raw material specifically, the chemical, its processes begin.

The feedstock enters into the inner space of the upper reactor tube, of course, passing through the feedstock through the above listed processes, the residual fraction & center and then into the lower reactor space, this is the tin. solid phase. The solid phase is removed from the reactor using a slag removal device. The slag, after cooling, is placed in a temporary storage tank, from which it requests intermittent emptying by lorry for further use.

The hydrocarbon liquid phases produced during thermal decomposition may be referred to as oil, since it is typically classified there based on its parameters. The reactor 1.15 leaves the liquid phase in a vapor state. A further product of thermal decomposition is the product gas, which, together with the vapors of the liquid phase, passes through the source line. Up to 15.16 capacitors. In the capacitors 15,16, the heavier hydrocarbons are separated from the further flow. Due to the series coupling of the capacitors, it is also possible to differentiate the liquid phases to a certain extent, thus obtaining a liquid with different parameters.

Of course, the carbon chain combinations of hydrocarbons in the condensation snow arrange properly in the fluid receiving spaces of the condensers 15.16. From the product gas 14, the residual liquid still in the vapor state, the ultrasonic hydrocarbons, is precipitated from the product gas. The addition of the catalyst materials is assured by the catalyst feed screw 112 such that it is clearly assigned to the feed relative to the mass flow rate of the feedstock.

A. 13 in the oil treatment system. thorough mechanical cleaning. The viscosity of the oil, raised to the appropriate temperature, is maintained such that the atmak solid content is capable of separating out of the liquid phase under external frictional conditions, leaving the core of the oil treatment system 13 in a solid, filter, centrifugal mesh, and absorbent filter. The spilled oil ends up in temporary storage, from where it goes to the storage tanks 12. With the help of the oil pipelines leaving the oil tanks, the oil is poured (as a substance into the power plant. The separated contaminant, the oil sludge is fed back into the reactor 115 via a feed line).

The 14 the product gas is returned via the process gas line I to the burners 117, where, when burned, its streams do not require the introduction of an external energy carrier during continuous operation. The technology is closed in every detail.

The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 illustrates the technological process for thermal conversion of tennoplasty plastics and guru in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 illustrates the construction of a reactor capable of carrying out the thermal conversion used in the process of the invention.

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of an artery operating according to the method of the invention.

Figure 4 illustrates a conversion diagram of the products of a thermal process with changes in mass ratio in the process of the invention.

Figure 1 illustrates the technological process of thermal conversion of thermoplastic plastics and rubber in the process of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a reactor 115 for carrying out the process of the invention and a. server equipment associated with it and their connection. The serving equipment associated with reactor 115 is as follows: a. 11 oil exits from reservoir, storage tanks 12, oil treatment system 13, gas cooler 14, .15 condenser, condenser 16, feedstock feed system 17, flue gas exit, reactor cores 115, product line 11, Ö process gas pipeline , a slurry 111 slurry recirculation line, a catalyst feeder 112, a feedstock entry 1 '13, a feedstock shredder 114, a. 115 reactors, 1 16 scarf removal, 1.17 gas burner heads, § 11 slag transport auger, 119 slag transport, 120 slag storage tank, a. 121 trucks and 122 elevators.

Figure 2 illustrates the construction of a reactor 115 capable of carrying out the femoral conversion used in the process of the invention. The oil from process A is used in 35 internal combustion power plants.

The reactor 115 consists of the following: the hopper 21 is the motorized gate valve, the dosing auger 22. with the associated gear, the anti-vaulting screw 23 with its associated gear, the upper reactor tube 24, the central reactor slide 25, the lower reactor tube 26, the conveyor screws 27, 28, 210 with their associated gear, the gas burners 29, 211 212 slag remover, 213 photo flue outlet, 214 product exit, and 215 slag conveyor.

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a power plant operating according to the method of the invention.

Figure 3 illustrates how each step in a power plant generates one step at a time. Each step is as follows: oil inlet 31, heart center 52, fuel supply system 33 , combustion air 34 r, internal combustion engine 3o, synchronous generator 36, electrical cabinet 37, trar u 38, utility network 39, a. Intercooler 310, Lubricating Oil 311, Engine Block Cooler 312, Flue Gas Exchanger 313, Heating Water System Exit 314, Photovoltaic System Exit Point 316, and Exhaust Exit 316: Point6 · »· * '♦ φφ * * φ» ♦ * φ * φ φ »·> ΧΦΦΦ ΧΦΦΦ • φφ φ

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Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the conversion of the products of the thermal stream in the process of the invention with changes in mass ratio. The graph shows the mass ratio changes of thermal conversion products as a function of temperature.

In a possible preferred application of the process of the invention, the plastic and rubber waste to be processed is mini. raw material is introduced into the technology in fractured, granular form. Foil-type plastic waste also requires shredding, during shredding. We produce 10-19 mm end valves and 50x59 non-agglomerates, with the aid of the 114 raw material shredder

The prepared feedstock enters the upper reactor tube 24 via the screw feed 17 feed system. A motorized gate valve is integrated into the lower portion of the receiving metering hose 72, which is provided with a gear unit, to prevent air from entering the field of degradation. The decomposition process is carried out in an oxygen-free sphere. It is also the function of the gate valve to stop the release of decomposition products into the open air in the final stage of stopping technology. The design of the dispensing system with a geared anti-roll screw 23 ensures that the flow of material is continuous, unobstructed.

The structure of the reactor 115 is basically triple in structure, and in terms of material flow, we are talking about a continuous material flow. The reactor tubes 24,25,26 are arranged horizontally. The lower middle reactor tube 26.25 of reactor 1.1.5 is heated with a gas burner 117,29,211, thus providing A the amount of thermal energy required to dismantle the tennoplastic plastics. The flue gas from the gas burners 117, 29, 211, flowing through the reactor 115, heats its film-mediated surfaces.

In the case of plastic, the temperature in reactor 1.1.5 is kept at 460-489 ° C. The residence time is 16-18 min. The feed material has a grain size of max. loxlil mm.

In the case of tires and technical rubber waste, the temperature in reactor 115 can be kept at $ 47- $ 495 ^c . The residence time is 18-2 (1 min.), The feed material has a grain size of 50 x 50 mm.

The plastic and rubber feedstock in the reactor 115 undergoes the following physical and chemical processes.

- In the first stage, a physical change occurs) changes the pancreas, melts.

- In the second stage, the melt temperature rises to the level of chemical decomposition.

- In the third stage, the raw material specific, the chemical: process begins.

The feedstock enters the interior of the upper reactor vessel 24, as appropriate. Going through the processes listed above, the residual portion of the feedstock, the lower reactor spout 27, is the so-called. solid phase. The solid phase is removed from the reactor 115 by means of the slag removal means 212. After the slag has been cooled, it is transported to a temporary slurry tank 129, which is then transported by batch discharge to 121 trucks for further use.

The liquid phase of the hydrocarbon formed during the thermal decomposition can be termed as oil, since it is typically classified there according to its parameters. From reactor 1.15 a. liquid phase leaves in vapor state ......

Another product of thermal decomposition is a. Conventional gas, which along with the liquid vapor of the liquid through the product line 19, passes through the condensers 15, 16.

In the capacitors 15, 16, the heavier hydrocarbons are separated from the further flow. Due to the series coupling of capacitors 15, 16, it is possible to reduce the volume of liquids,

and relaxation, by which we can obtain a liquid with different parameters. Of course, the hydrocarbon-carbon chain combinations are arranged according to the condensation temperature in the liquid receiving spaces of the capacitors 15, 16. In the gas cloud 14, the product fexions release the still-drifting, still-vaporous liquid residues, light hydrocarbons.

The end use of the liquid phase generated by the technology is primarily motorized. The criteria for motor combustion must be satisfied by the material produced, since without this the adaptation of the internal combustion engine is not possible. Hydrocarbon molecule groups that have these. needs can only be met with a managed conversion. Control can be assured, basically, by respecting the physical characteristics of the decomposition process and by introducing catalysts into the technology. Catalysts, on the one hand, determine the molecular structure and, on the other hand, are capable of absorbing disintegrants, and, thirdly, reduce the energy demand of the decomposition process. in such a way that. shall be clearly assigned to the feedstock.

In the oil treatment system 13, the material is thoroughly cleaned. The viscosity of the oil, raised to a suitable temperature, is maintained such that its solids content is as low as possible due to external frictional conditions, externally from the liquid phase. The oil treatment system 13 consists essentially of a surface filter, a centrifuge separator and an absorbent filter.

The refined oil is eventually transported to the storage tank 12 for temporary storage. The oil is supplied to the power plant via fuel outlet lines as fuel. The separated contaminant, oil sludge, is reintroduced into reactor 115 via the oil sludge feed line 111.

The so-called gas cooler from the 1.4 gas cooler. product gas is returned via this process gas pipeline a. 117 gas burner heads: where burned, the process essentially does not require the introduction of an external energy carrier during continuous operation.

The system's internal surfaces are cleaned with a system wash. The light hydrocarbon precipitated from the gas cooler 14 at the lower point is suitable for use as a washing liquid. To this fraction, the technological, system elements can be cleaned up correctly with the appropriate batch down.

In all the details of the technology with the processes taking place in enclosed spaces The main technological equipment is basically presented in this material, from which it is clear that the above criterion is fully met. We also consider these aspects when developing the related technological elements. For example, in some steps of the process, we build temporary storage tanks, but we also keep them closed so that they do not travel to the open space.

Reactor 115 shows a schematic design of Figure 2 that allows for continuous flow of material. The conveyor, arryagnering element, is developed, written to the technological processes and to the properties of the processed raw material. Thermal conversion of thermoplastic materials by heat is done by the exclusion of air (oxygen). Excluding new conditions, the process will provide plastics processing on less environmentally responsible offspring. means that the feed into the 11.5 reactor and the removal of residual solid fission must be solved by taking this discipline in. It is oxygen that cannot get in, or that pyrolysis product. can not get out of there.

The rubber and thermoplastic plastics are covered with an agglomerating rod in the hopper 21 with a motorized gate valve. The purpose of the Shredders is twofold, on the one hand. This is the only way to meet your transport needs for conveying elements. φφ »» X X 9 9 9 9 9 ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ On the other hand, in the reactor 115, the lake conditions are improved by the relative increase of the particle surface area.

The 22 dispenser tones. oe _ \ e is a source of convenient feedstock as well. Controlled Rotary Vessel Operator The amount of material fed can be controlled. The 23 bit anti-bite snail is a temporary state of plastic and mamma. it seeks to mitigate or eliminate its effect on material flow.

The A1I5 reactor is basically a tubular device, which undergoes an internal process of transformation. The so-called so-called reactor space. The reactor rails 25.26 are overlaid with the gas burner heads 117 and the upper reactor ridge 24 only. indlfökt's successor, will be made. The upper reactor heater 24 cools the flue gases to increase the efficiency of the unit. In reactor tubes 24.25.26 a. Controlled material flow is made possible by variable speed drives of conveyor screws 27, 28, 210 with integrated gear.

The feedstock in the reactor 115 undergoes the following physical and chemical processes In the top reactor tube 24, the material is in a solid state and warms up. up to the melting point, even in this space. the melting starts as well. Thawing and some degree of thermal degradation also begin in the upper reactor tube 2.4, so kk cannot be sharply separated in the 24,25,26 teaser tubes, so the middle 25 reactor tube is still in saturday. we need to count with melting or warming up of the melt - the temperature of the liquid is not up to the initial temperature of the chemical process - but chemical decomposition processes also begin. During decomposition, the substance takes up both the gas and vapor forms, but solid residues continue to pass through the 24,25.26 maktoresovekhen. 27, 2S, 210 conveyor screws. The lower reactor tube 26 continues to decay and decontaminate the hydrocarbon, The power of the built-in gas burners 29, 211, 117 and the feed capacity of the feeder 22, the conveyor screws 27, 28 210 are controlled and controlled by computer management. 'The slag remover 21.2 should have dry slag.

Operational start-up and shut-down of the apparatus is performed in such a way that the oxygen oxygen already described in the reactor tubes 24.25.26 is fulfilled. Raw material may enter the hopper 21 only when the motorized slide is closed, and. Also, 22 dosing dosages must be anyng-menish, empty. The raw material. at the material balance, the product exits at two points at the product exit 214 and at the slag removal device 212. Oxygen- and air-free is most critical at the exit point of the slag removal device 212. The problem is solved by the sluice gate structure. A. Due to the design of the sluice chamber, it prevents the vaulting of the material inside it. The slag removal structure 212 is capable of performing the following functions.

!.} Sneaking into the sluice-gate.

2.) Transitional state, the sluice with no space. It runs.

3.) Draining of slag towards the open air.

In step 1), the upper gate valve is opened, in: state, and the lower one is closed. The sluice-gauze is saturated with -70% slag

In step 2), the upper gate valve is also closed. The slag is closed and the sluice is removed from the residual thermal gas by suction.

At step 31}, the upper gate valve remains closed, the product is exhausted, and the lower gate valve is open. In this position, the slag material is discharged into the open air into the slag conveyor 215.

In the technology of the process according to the invention, the starting materials are essentially the polyphosphines and the materials belonging to the group "polysfis"

Except for a detailed list of groups, the cultivation of particular types of plastics is undesirable in technology, e.g. PVC, FUR.

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The implementation of the techology logy is solved from a mechanical, thermal and chemical point of view in such a way that the the distribution of thermoconversion products favors the oil mass ratio. The catalysts used in the process provide the acidity of the oil with such a parameter acidity. which allows its use in special circumstances. in stationary internal combustion engines. The process is oiled in such a way that it results in an increase in the oil mass ratio. The optimization of oil knowledge for power plant use. Electric power and thermal energy, t h, are done at the power plant.

The power plant used in the process of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, operates as follows.

The oil produced in the process of thermal degradation has already been made suitable for use in an internal combustion engine, as previously described. The oil arriving at the oil entry point 31 is directed to the application by directing the pump center 32. The fuel supply system 33 is designed to meet power plant engine operation requirements as well as its safety requirements. The motors 35, through a direct, direct mechanical connection, train synchronous generators (genes) 36 in the hair.

For petroleum products, piston engines 35 are ideally suited for their present state of the art because of their essentially good efficiency, which is particularly true in the lower millies.

Electricity is supplied to the utility network 39 for use by installing the electrical cabinet 37 and the transformer 38.

Modern engines are equipped with additional equipment to increase their economic efficiency eg. with turbocharger with an intercooler. The energy content of the engine flue gas is partly used to increase the engine's charge efficiency. The gas medium filtered by the turbocharger heats up and expands, thus reducing the filling degree. The 3 Ki intercooler cools the gas medium and thus increases its density, and consequently the motor increases the power supply. The heat generated by the synchronous generators 36 is preferably utilized for heating purposes. The heating water circuit interconnects the heat sink elements of the engine 35, a. The 310 Intercooler, the 311 Oil Cooler, the 312 Muffler Block Cooler, and the .313 Flue Gas Heat Exchanger reads that water is constantly rising through heat Generally. the photographer 315 No. system entry point of water: uterus temperature of 70 ^DEG C, while the flue gas 316 is available exit temperature 9Q ° C

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

It can be seen from what has been described so far that the raw materials to be processed in the technology can be temioplastic leaks and rubber wastes. The proportion of products formed varies according to the raw material

Example 1

In the case of a rubber raw material, the weight ratio of the conversion product to the raw material is as follows.

Oils 40-50%

3-10%

35-500;

0-12%

gases

Carbon

Steelers iO ♦ '** fcfc fcfc * fc fc fc * * * fc <X # fc * »fc fc X ♦ fc fcx *» etfcfcfc ♦ # «#

Oil parameters for rubber base material.

Oil phenomenon Density (kgûno) • 0.93 S (% s 0.3 Viscosity 4 (at 1 ° C 2.3 fire point 27 C

in the case of a high-fiber optic base material, the weight ratio of the conversion blanks to the base material is as follows:

Oils 70-80%

Gases 3-10%

Carbon 8-10%.

Oil (plastic) Density> 0854 Viscosity at 40 ° C 2667 ash 0,012 fire point Below 40 ° C

Oil produced for energy production as an intermediate by the gas process has an "advanced" time of 40.5-41 MJ / g. Density 0.815-0.93 kg / drnau The content of dangerous substances is below the value specified in the Diesel Standard.

Advantages of the presented technology are:

- It basically targets the processing of materials that do not occur in nature. or they decay only very slowly

- These heat-transferable raw materials are absolutely necessary to meet the needs of the present society, and the quantities of flesh have been growing steadily over the years, even if measures are taken centrally to reduce their production and use. The measures can, at most, influence the degree of intensity,

- A significant proportion of the materials involved cannot be traced back to the manufacturing technologies for different reasons.

- at present, the use of the substances concerned in power plants is being burned, and in cement factories, they are used as heating materials. Waste in large quantities. you go into storage, so-called. depolls also.

- The said waste material is chemically bound in jdersfos. there is energy. Rational utilization of these is expedient because it is necessary to meet the energy demand and why not do so by 'eliminating' waste *.

- It should also be noted that the technology described does not cause more harmful emissions than a coal-fired power plant.

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Φ Μ ♦ # «.φ · Μivd a. processing the materials involved in the process into their constituents in a confined space, and using only the so - called raw materials formed after conversion, a. a significant part of the enthusiasm problems in conventional incinerators can be eliminated.

- The gasses produced in the bulk can be used in modern burners, and emissions below the limit values are in the process.

- And oil products are burned in an internal combustion engine. Engine emissions can be treated with catalysts for specific components.

~ The novelty of the described heat conversion technology lies in the fact that we are able to work with a continuous flow of material so that its productivity is good and it can be operated economically.

- The catalysts used in the technology are capable of controlling hydrocarbon chains in a given parameter band, while other catalyst elements play a role in trapping pollutants,

- Conversion products can also be used as industrial raw materials.

- Provides a meaningful alternative to the use of inefficient, problematic waste.

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LIST OF REFERENCES:

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Figure I:

Oil exits the toeb ologies

storage tanks

Oil recovery system

Gúzhütö

Condenser

Condenser feedstock system

Flue gas exit from reactor 1.9 Product line

1. Lo 1 gas pipeline

111 Oil sludge return line

Dosing system

Figure 2

Hopper with motorized slide valve

Dispensing auger, with gearbox

Upper reactor space

Central reactor coil

Lower reactor space

Figure 3:

Oil is entering the technology

Pump Center Road Direction Itassa!

Fuel supply system

Combustion air supply

5 Internal combustion engine

Synchronized. generator

Electrical cabinet

Transformer .112 Catalyst Dispenser .113 Raw Material Entry into Technology 114 Raw Material Shredder 1.1.5 Reactor

116 Slag removal

117 Gas burners

118 Slag no. \ sister

119 Salak uJ.

120 Salait storage tank

121 Truck

122 Elevator

27,28,210 Conveyor auger drive 29,211 Gas burner artillery 212 Slag removal structure

2.13 Exiting Heating Flue

2.14 I would quit

215 Slag conveyor screw

Utility network

310 Intercooler

311 Kenoolajh & he

312 Engine cooling radiator

313 Flue gas heat exchanger

314 Heating water system exit

315 Heating water system entry

316 Exhaust Flue-

Claims (8)

1, A process for producing energy from plastic and / or rubber waste by using a thermodestination process to produce energy and energy, in particular oil and combustible gases, from plastic and / or rubber waste as a raw material, which is known to be used for electricity production. the feedstock prepared in a known manner, optionally with a plastic film of ICBd6 mm or 50x50mm rubber grinders and other 1 to 20mm size, is fed into the upper reactor tube (24) via a worm feed system (17), where the dosing screw (22) in the lower part of the receiving hopper (21) by means of a motorized slide valve to prevent air from entering the degradation field and an additional anti-vaulting auger. (23) is provided with a feed stream system (20) to ensure that the flow of material is continuous, free from vorticity, by adding 3-5% by weight of a zeolite type catalyst to the feedstock thus prepared using a screw catalyst feeder (112); a portion of the tensile duct is discharged into the upper reactor tube (24) and the remainder of the outlet is fed into the middle reactor tube (25), then into the lower reactor tube (26) and from the lower reactor tube (26) into a solid reactor. slag removal means (212) from the reactor (115), the resulting slag cooled to room temperature and transported to a temporary slag storage tank (120) from which the resulting gas is transported by batch discharge, preferably by truck (121), to the resulting liquid phase vapors together lead the product through the lead (19) from the reactor tubes (24,25,26) to the capacitors (15,16), where the heavier hydrocarbons are optionally cooled to 200 degrees Fahrenheit and separated from the further stream and then, if appropriate, cooled to 110 T to remove the so-called light hydrocarbons, the resulting oily material is treated in an oil treatment system (13) consisting essentially of a surface filter, a centrifugal separator and a metal filter, in which the oil temperature is raised to a given nose 11 to maintain its viscosity such that its solids content is lower In addition to being able to separate from the liquid phase by external force, the purified oil is fed to storage tanks (12) for temporary storage, and the oil sludge settling there is re-introduced into the reactor via an oil sludge recovery line (111). (115). using a gas cooler (14) to cool the gases produced, and a so-called gas cooler (14), which is removed from the gas enchantment product gas through a process gas line (110) to the gas burner heads (1.17). in which, in the continuous operation, it is incinerated without the introduction of an external energy carrier, the process further uses the intermediate liquid oil and gas as fuel for one or more internal combustion engines (35) suitable for direct electrical connection via one or more electrical synchronous generators (3) are driven for power generation. 2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the waste material is tcrmoplas A ikeo plastic which is crushed to a smaller size in the preparation of the raw material shredder d'4t wgütegevJ and added to the renMom by means of a dosing dosing machine (22). wherein optionally from 16 to 18 minutes ^460-4S0>; At temperature C, they are diseased in oxygen-free sponge X «♦« * * »4> * + **> · 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein said female roofing material is a tire which is crushed to a size smaller than α () x 50mm by means of a raw material shredder (114) and fed to the reactor (115) by means of a dosing slurry (22), optionally treating at 475-495 X for 18-20 minutes in an oxygen-free environment. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste feedstock is municipal waste containing at least 80% plastic waste, which is prepared by a feedstock shredder (114) 50x Grind to less than 5mm and add a dosing tube & l (22) a. reactor (115), optionally for 18-20 minutes at 460-480 ° C in an oxygen-free environment. b. 1-4. The process according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the liquid phase generated in the technology is motorized: for winter use, the hydrocarbon molecule groups suitable for motor use are subjected to directed conversion by adjusting both the physical characteristics of the decomposition process and catalysts. thirdly, they reduce the energy demand of the decomposition process and the addition of the catalyst materials is provided by a catalyst dosing system (112) associated with the feedstock mass flow rate. The process according to claim 5, wherein the oil suitable for use in the internal combustion engine (35) as an intermediate product for the production of allergy is used for power plant production, as a result of thermal degradation and as an intermediate storage tank. 12) the oil entering the technology is guided to the utilization by controlling a pump (32) center and satisfies the operational requirements of the power plant engines (35) and its safety requirements in the design of the fuel supply system (33); power is supplied to the utility network (39) by means of an electrical switching device (37) and a transformer (.38), A process according to any one of claims V to i, wherein the motor use is salt! the motors used (35) are provided with auxiliary devices, a turbocharger pb, an intercooler (310) to increase their efficiency, by means of which the energy of the exhaust gas of the engine (35) is provided. It is used in the Ir / Nest to increase the charging efficiency of the engine (35) by heating and expanding the gas medium mixed by the turbocharger so that the charge heads and intercooler (310) cool the gas medium and thereby increase its density. the heat generated by the synchronous generators (36) is preferably utilized for heating purposes, which interconnects the heat output elements of the engine (35), the intercooler (3%), the lubricating oil a radiator (311), an engine block radiator (312), and a flue gas heat exchanger. (313), such that the water is continuously increasing in temperature, and, further, the heat produced by the synchronous generators (36) 8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that cleaning of the inner surfaces of the process system is performed by means of a system scrubber using the gas cooler (14) as a light hydrocarbon detergent precipitated at the lower point, thereby fractionating the process system elements correctly.