HU203584B - Apparatus for regenerating the active material from waste plates of baggy stucture from ni-cd accumulators - Google Patents

Abstract

equipment comprises contra-rotating cylinders provided with circumferential rows of teeth alternating with matching grooves and a feed hopper. - Typically a drive unit (12), power transmission (13) rotating cylinders (9, 10) and feed hopper (7) are provided. - The cylinders have different peripheral speeds, their teeth are of trapezoidal section and there is a gap between the teeth and the grooves of the opposing cylinders. (Dwg.No.1/1)

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for recovering active material from bag-shaped scrap disks of Ni-Cd batteries, which have mutually engaging gearbox-connected cylinders and a feed tube for feeding scrap disks between the rollers, alternately having toothed rows and toothed teeth on the rollers. such that the crown of one of the cylinders extends into the teeth of the cylinder opposite it.

Today, the treatment of various types of waste is of increasing importance. This is the case with batteries from batteries during production, as well as from spent and damaged batteries, which have a significant impact on the environment. 15

One of the goals of these waste treatments is to recover the active substance that is still recoverable and reusable from the waste, which has significant economic benefits.

Another aim is to eliminate environmental pollution during waste storage.

Bagged battery packs are mechanically very durable, strong construction. The pasteurized active material is sandwiched between perforated and nickel plated steel strips, which are joined by flanges to form a board bounded on one side by a curved windscreen and an outlet flag above. Battery manufacturers have previously employed salaries as described in the introduction to obtain usable materials for such scrap disks, but there are a number of disadvantages:

- The cylinders are toothed in such a way that the battery plates have to be freed from both the plate flag and the wind plate and cut into strips so that the apparatus can properly tear up the waste bags 35 placed inside it,

- the peripheral speeds of the rollers are the same, so that the tearing of the discs is not optimal,

- the equipment circuits are heavily contaminated with dust from Cd, since the active substance is 40 dry.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a more productive and efficient recovery of both the used components of the used and the production waste sheets.

One of our goals was to design the machine for a long and reliable service life, justified by the expected harsh conditions. 50

Finally, we considered the health and environmental protection of the personnel operating the equipment to be essential.

The object has been achieved by the apparatus described in the introduction, according to the invention, that at different speed cylinders 55 the teeth are trapezoidal in the axial section of the cylinders and there is a gap between the tooth crowns and teeth of the opposing cylinders. The great advantage of such a trapezoidal tooth is that it avoids both overloading the machine and possible tooth fracture, because the plate can bend between the teeth and the teeth.

The reliable operation of the device according to the invention was ensured by keeping the gap between the two cylinders within the following limits:

hmin = 2Vsz + 8Vp hmax = vl-3Vp where:

h: gap between rollers

Vs: thickness of the battery plate edge plate

Vp: thickness of the perforated steel strip of the battery plate

VI: Thickness of the bag-shaped battery plate

This prevents tooth fracture and disc clamping, but the tooth cutter cuts the perforated disc of the disc bag. The optimum value between these ranges can be set on the machine.

The device according to the invention advantageously realizes that the distance difference between the rollers due to the circumferential velocity of the tooth pitch is equal to the arc length between the teeth. This circumferential velocity difference between the teeth ensures that the tongue recessed in the perforated plate tears the plate as long as possible so that the material contained in the perforated plates can be easily washed out.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one water jet nozzle is directed between the rollers and directed at the intake waste discs, so that the machine environment is not contaminated with Cd powder. During the plucking process, water also plays a role as a cooling lubricant.

Preferably, the apparatus according to the invention also comprises at least one water jet nozzle directed from the rollers to the ruptured waste plate for flushing the active substance therein with the water jet.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the tongues of the rollers extend into the tongues of the cylinders on their outlet side. These prevent the plates from remaining on the tooth and returning to the inlet side, or pinching together between the guard and roller. I

The apparatus according to the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment *, also shown in the accompanying drawings.

1-3. Figures 1 to 5 show, in various sections, a bag-like structure of a NiCd battery;

Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the apparatus according to the invention

5-6. Fig. 4A illustrates the shape of the gear teeth of the cylinders;

7-8. Figure 4a shows the placement of the pulling tongues.

Figure 1 shows portions of a bag-shaped plate of a Ni-Cd battery to be processed by the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows that the active ingredient 2 is perforated

EN 203 584 Β is located between a steel band and forms a disc bag 4 with its edges closed at the edges. The adjacent disk bags 4 are also flanged to each other. As shown in Fig. 3, the two sides of the compartment bags 4 forming a battery plate are closed and clamped together with the plate of the output flag 6 as shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a possible arrangement of the apparatus according to the invention. On top of this is the dispensing hopper 7 with the water jet nozzle 8. Below this, the cylinders 9,10 are located in a confined space. The electric motor 11, the gear 12, and the gear 13 form the drive chain. Below the rollers 9, 10 are the tongues 14, 15. There are also 16 jets of water. Below this is the scrap metal scraper 17. Below it is the 19 separators. The reservoir 20 is located at the bottom of the apparatus with the circulating pump 21.

Figures 5 and 6 show the positions of the teeth 22 of the rolls 9,10 and the rolls 9,10. There is a h-gap between the rollers. The teeth, on the periphery of the cylinders 9, 10, form toothed crowns which are separated by the teeth 24.

A7. and Fig. 8 shows pull tabs 14, 15 extending into the notches 24 of the cylinders 9,10.

The operation of the apparatus according to the invention is as follows.

With the start of the All drive motor, the water rinsing starts and then the feeding of the plates 1 can begin. The plates 1 are fed into the hopper 7. As the plate 1 runs down between the rolls 9,10, the teeth 22 rupture the sides of the plate bag 4. Rinse water continuously to wash the active material from the 4 bag bags. Leaving the rollers 9, 10, the disintegrated plate 1 remains on the scrap metal filter 17. This scrap is automatically discharged by an electromagnetic scrap scraper 18. An aqueous suspension of the active ingredient, leaving the metal waste filter 17, is placed in a separator 19 where the aqueous and solid phases are separated. The collected active compound is subjected to further processing. The flushing water is collected in a reservoir 20 from where the circulation pump 21 delivers the water into the nozzles 8.16.

Claims (6)

PATIENT INDIVIDUAL POINTS 1. An apparatus for recovering Ni-Cd batteries from bagged waste bins (1) for recovering active material (2) having counter-rotating cylinders (9,10) coupled to gearbox (12) and waste discs (1) for recycling. cylinders (9,10) are provided with a feeder hopper (7), alternately tooth rolls (23) and toothpicks (24) on the cylinders (9,10), such that one of the cylinders (23) of the roller is opposed to it. cylinders (24) of cylinders, characterized in that teeth (22) arranged on cylinders of different circumferential speeds (9,10) are trapezoidal in the axial section of the cylinders (9,10) and toothed rows of opposing cylinders (9,10) (23) there is a gap between the teeth (24). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum value of the gap (h) between the two cylinders (9,10) is hmin = 2Vx + 8 Vp, the maximum value is hmax = Vl -2Vp, where h is the rollers (9 , 10), Ps: Thickness of the edge plate (5) of the battery plate (1) Vp: thickness of the perforated steel strip (3) of the battery plate (1), VI: thickness of the battery pack (1). Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance of the cylinders (9,10) from the teeth (t) to the circumferential velocity is equal to the arc length between the teeth (1). 4. Referring to 1-3. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one jet of water (8) is directed to the waste plate (1) introduced between the cylinders (9,10). Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one water jet nozzle (16) is directed to the discarded waste plate (1) leaving the cylinders (9,10). 6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tongues (24) of the cylinders (9,10) extend on the outward side of the cylinders (14,15).