HU195678B - Hard magnetic alloy with inproved magnetic characteristics and process for production of this alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

Compsn. for repairing hard magnets comprises (wt.%) Co 15-40, Ni 10-20, Al 5-10, Ti 0.5-10, Cu 2-5 and Hf 0.005-5, the remainder being Fe.

Description

Patent: (73)

Iron Industry Research and Development Company, Budapest

FIXED NUCLEAR FEATURES AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION (57) EXTRACT

Fe-Ni-Co-AJ Hard Magnet Alloy with Enhanced Crystal Oriented Titanium

15 to 40% by weight Co,

10-20% Ni,

- 10% Al,

0.5-10% Ti,

2-5% by weight of Cu,

0.1 to 5% by weight of Hf and Fe as residue.

The molten magnet alloy is produced by melting Fe, Ni and Co in the open air in an induction furnace, by adding a slurry of slag, reducing the slag with Al-coated aluminum powder, and then at 1600 to about 1 ° C for 2-3 minutes. C11 and Hf are added, then the molten metal is cooled to 1450-1500 ° C under a cryolite layer, then Ti and Al are added, then poured out at 1550 ° C and treated in several steps in known manner.

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The present invention relates to a hard magnetic alloy with improved magnetic properties and to its preparation.

A significant amount of Fe-Ni-Co-Al alloy-based magnets are manufactured in the world.

In contrast to magnetic properties, the industry 's constantly evolving sectors are increasingly demanding (for example, telecommunication technology). This encourages manufacturers to try to improve the production technology of alloys to such an extent that magnetic parameters are as close as possible to theoretical values.

Many publications deal with the effect of various chemical elements on the physical-mechanical and technological properties of Fe-Ni-Co-Al-based alloys which are added as special alloying elements or technological additives.

Lithium increases the magnetic properties of JUNDK alloys by up to 0.05%, increasing grain size. / Metallurgy,! 967.p.233./.

Among the rare metals, ceriuni, yttrium, lautane, samarium, disprose, gadolinium, neodymium, and so on. was combined with JUNDK / Alnico / and JUNDKT / Ticonal / type alloys. The positive effect is usually 0.1% for the improvement of the magnetic / mechanical properties.

/ Lityekneje Proizvodsztovo 1972.No.p.65-67.

By adding boron in JUNDK / Alnico / alloys / up to 0.007 '% / mechanical properties are improved, brittleness decreases, Energy magazine, pp.17-421. Article.

The efficiency of heat treatment of alloys is increased by gallium and indium in JIJNDK / Alnico / type alloys in an amount of 0.5-1%. / Metallovegcnie i Thermocouple Obrabotk3 Metallov, 1969.No. 16-19./.

Titanium is Jundt / Alnico / Jundt and / Suberror / type materials / 2 in% / H _c -t cs improves köszörülhctősé «et. reduces the harmful effects of carbon.

The zirconia is also used to increase the H _c in an amount of 0.3-0.5% of Jundt alloys. / Agnew Phys. vol.21.

Silicon increases Br by up to 0.2%, writes Dovgalevsky M in the 1979 issue of Metallurgia.

Nickel as an alloying element is widespread in JUND, / Alni / J_UNDRJAlnico / _ and JUNDKT / Ticonal / alloys. / Nippon Kirrdzoku Gaícku stove 1966 vol. 39. No. 1. p. 46 -50 /. As a result of the níóbitint fl _c increases by the small decrease in Br.

Niobium is used as a partial replacement for titanium with a maximum content of 3%.

Tantalum / 0.5% / in JUNDK / Alnico / alloys increases H.

The above-mentioned elements are used in the manufacture of cast magnets of cast Fe-Ni-Co-Al base alloys of the above type.

In magnetic mass production, where there are no high demands on the qualities of magnetic properties, it is sufficient to use raw materials of industrial purity and to combine the components in the air.

the use of high purity materials (e.g., pure Fe, Co, etc.) is desirable if the magnets require maximum high magnetic properties (e.g., perfect column or single crystal structure).

In such cases, the components are usually melted in vacuum.

In the production of crystallized magnets containing more than 1% titanium, the use of two or more elements at the same time has made it possible to achieve a columnar structure by using sophisticated technology, since the titanium grain-fining action prevents crystal orientation.

In the Magnicol process, the combined use of silicon, carbon and sulfur is required for crystal orientation in high titanium-containing alloys. You must adhere to the successive technological steps and the amount of the alloying element very precisely. / Metallurgy 1970. No.LQ.p.127-130./.

In another work, the Alnico column and the Ticonal magnet were produced using sulfur and tellur combined.

Using the alloying elements described so far, magnetic or mechanical properties are improved.

It is an object of the present invention to provide molding or powder metallurgical polycrystalline and cast crystallized Alnico or Ticonal magnets in a broader range of compositions with improved magnetic properties.

It has been found that the above described solutions provide better results in the improvement of magnetic properties and in the broader range of compositions when combined with a hafnium element in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight.

As a result of Hf, the magnetic parameters increase by 1 ff or more.

It can be used in combination with 0.1 to 5% by weight to combine the 11f cast and powder metallic magnets.

The composition of the alloy in which Hf has a positive effect on the following;

Co * 15-40% by weight

Ni = 10 to 20% by weight

Al - 5% by weight -.

Ti = 0.5% by weight. Cu = 2 - .5% by weight of the residue: Fe.

In molded magnetic alloys, Hf influences the crystallization process.

It inhibits the formation of crystalline germs - thereby facilitating the production of oriented crystal magnets - and leads to a reduction in microsegration.

It is known from the literature that 1% by weight! The production of crystal-controlled magnets with a higher titanium content is only possible with superior technology. As a result of the alloying of the present invention, the columns. Ti-containing alloys can also be produced by a simple process.

The average hollow parameters are also available with smaller Co content when using Hf additive for polycrystalline cast and powder metallurgy]. The amount of Co can be reduced by about 10% by weight.

The molded magnets are always produced by the following technology:

In high-frequency induction furnace, melt in free air. The lining is made of AUO ₃ . When melting Fe, Ni, Co, lime sludge is added during melting. / Composition: 65% CaO, 20% MgO and 15% CaF ₂ Upon addition, calcium aluminate coated Al powder is added to reduce the slag.

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The Cu and Ilf components were added to the metal bath at 1600 to 1620 ° C in 2-3 minutes.

The molten metal is cooled to 1450 to 1500 ° C under a cryolite, whereupon Ti and Al are added.

The contents of the furnace are then stirred and poured at 1550 ° C.

The following examples illustrate the heat treatment of alloys as follows:

a / homogenization at 1250 ° C for 30 minutes, b / 900 ° C with air cooling c / solenoid cooling in 10 minutes from 900 ° C

600 ° C d / Cooling to room temperature without solenoid e / heating in about 20 minutes at 800-810 ° C in magnets f / 8-10 minutes holding in gutter space g / 600 ° C - cooling in solenoids h / cooling to room temperature heat treatment at 650 ° C for 6 hours, and at 550 ° C for 24 hours.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a polycrystalline cast and powder metallurgical or crystal-guided molded improved Fe-Ni-Co-Al type hard magnet alloy having from 15 to 40% by weight Co, from 10 to 20% by weight, from 5 to 10% by weight of Al. , 0.5-10 wt% Ti, 2-5 wt% Cu, 0.1 -5 wt%, and Fe as the residue. The invention also relates to a process for producing a hard magnet alloy.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

The alloy was prepared by the above-described production process and product heat treatment.

1./összehasonlíió/péida

Molded Ticonal Magnetic Alloy '

Chemical composition /% by weight /

Co Ni Al Ti Cu nb First 34.9 14.9 7.6 6.0 3.4 0.55 Second 35.1 14.7 7.4 6.2 3.5 0.3 Magnetic parameters ni after urination B _r / T / HJkA / jn / / BH /, _1lax / k ^J / m First 0.83 127.3 37.4 Second 0.8 124.1 37.5

Example 2

Cast iron Ticonal alloy with Hf

Chemical composition /% by weight /

Co Ni al You Cu HF First 34.9 14.9 7.3 6.1 3.5 0.3 Second 34.9 15.0 7.5 6.3 3.5 1.3

Magnetic parameters after tempering

B _r / T /

0.85

0.88

H _c / kA / m /

138.4

140.0

The test results show that the magnetic parameters of the magnet alloy according to the invention are significantly better than the combination of a conventional non-alloy magnet of Example 1.

Example 3

Production of cast crystal directional magnets.

Chemical composition /% by weight /

Co Ni al You Cu HF 24.9 14.1 7.6 0.6 2.0 0.2 24.3 13.9 7.8 0.5 1.9 -

First

Second

The crystal guards were measured in m in the length of the column structure of the cast iron.

Column construction length szerkezet = 27 mm

1. 34.5 mm

2. 20.0 mm

Chemical composition /% by weight /

Co Ni Al Ti Cu Nb Hf

3. 34.8 14.1 7.4 6.0 3.4 - 0.2

Column structure length szerkezet = 30 mm for cast iron 3. 15.0 mm / very high Ti content ”/. example

Molded and powder metallurgy alloyed with polycrystalline Hf! characteristics of magnetic alloys Chemical composition /% by weight / / BH / _max / kj / m ³ /

46.4

48.8

Co Ni Al Ti Cu HF First 15.5 19.0 10.0 0.8 3.4 0.3 35 Second 24.5 10.5 8.2 0.6 5.3 0.8 Third 30.4 14.3 6.8 4.5 4.0 0.5 4th 40.2, 15.4 7.4 8.1 2.3 0.7 5th 26.2 173 7.9 7.1 4.8 1.1 40 6th 24.3 14.5 9.3 2.2 4.1 0.9 remaining Fe Magnetic properties 45 B _r / T / HJkA / m / BH / max , / kJ / m ³ / First 0.82 70.5 25.5 Second 1.25 60.3 43.0 Third 0.87 110.4 37.9 50 4th 0.78 169.2 48.0 5th 0.75 105.3 27.3 6th • 1.3 72.0 35.2 55 Example 5 Hafnium with licensed alloy and powder metallurgy: Polycrystalline Magnetic Alloys Features: Sulfur uai composition weight percent 60 Co Ni Al Ti Cu nb First 16.5 20 9.5 1.0 3.2 - Second 25.0 11.3 8.2 0.5 5.1 Third 30.4 14.5 6.5 to 4.5 4.3 0 '

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4th

5th

40.1

15.2

17.3

83

8.1 7.4

2.5

5.2

Claims (5)

Claims 6th 14.5 9.3 23 4.0 1. / Crystal Magnetic Alnico and Ticonal Fe-Ni-Co-Al Hard Magnetic Resin with Improved Magnetic Properties Fe b Second properties Br, TH _e XA / ra / BHi _mgx , kJir ³ nes alloy, characterized in that - 40% by weight Co, - 20% by weight Ni, - 10% Al, 0.5 to 10% by weight Ti, First 0.79 5 ^ 2 16.9 10 2-5% by weight of Cu Second 1.24 45.6 34.4 0.1 to 5% by weight of Hf and Fe to the residue. Third 0.85 92.0 28.8 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnet is a magnet 4th 0.75 153.0 37.8 for the production of alloys, characterized by induction 5th 0.6 92 /) ¹⁵ 19.6 open air furnace melting the Fe, Ni and Co ingredients with addition of lime slag, the slag kalcium6. 1.1 59.4 29.6 Alum-coated Al powder, then reduced to 1600 Cués Hf is added over 2 to 3 minutes at 1620 ° C, then the melt is cooled to 1450-1500 ° C under a cryolite layer, and Ti and Al are added, the magnet is dropped at 1550 ° C and more known in a known manner. in step. . Without drawing Published by the National Inventory Office Responsible for the release: Zoltán Himer Head of Department Appears at the Technical Publishers' Service KUl.TÜRPROFIŐ FOTON Printing House K 38 087