HU184307B - Adapter for cutting down corn-stalk and putting in swath as well as breaking corn-ear - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adapter which can be mounted on a grain combine or a corn harvesting machine. It is an object of the invention to recover the corn stalks and pistons lossless. The invention has for its object to provide an adapter that does the cutting and folding the corn stalk and corncob rupturing in one operation. Geloest this task is characterized in that the cutting device per plant row consists of at least one driven rotary blade, the driven rotary blade in the area under the tips of Maiskolbenbrechwalzenpaare, or seen in the direction of travel - are arranged in the area in front of the tips of the crushing rollers, also the adapter in rows one each, the driven rotary blade or the rotary knives supplied device consisting of pair of chains and cam pair for Stengelhalten and Foerdern the cut corn plants is provided to the Maiskolbenbrechwalzenpaaren out. The adapter according to the invention is used for harvesting maize. DD # AP

Description

A maize harvester adapter mounted on a combine harvester or corn stubble harvester and the associated straw mower loading adapter are used for the cutting and tidying of the corn stalk and for simultaneous pipe breaking. The tube-breaker adapter has a row of rotating chuck rollers and a pair of tube-forwarding sleeve chains arranged above each row, and the stem-chopper-adapter has a cutting device and a stalk-carrying and stacking unit arranged below the breaker-pairs. A common disadvantage of the known solutions is that the two adapters are difficult to reconcile in terms of operation and throughput, and the throughput of the stem-chopper-adapter is limited by the arrangement of the cutting device under the breaker pair.

With the proposed solution, the above drawbacks have been overcome by using at least one drive knife per row, wherein the rotating blades are located below or in front of the ends of the pairs of crushing rolls, and the rotating blades are associated with a row of catching and conveying units.

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-1184 307

The invention relates to an adapter for a combine harvester or a maize harvesting machine, which, in addition to breaking the tube, also harvests and stems the stem.

Currently, the most common machine harvesting method for grain maize is the combine harvester mounted on the combine harvester, whereupon the combine header is mounted in place of the combine harvester cutting unit. The tube breaker adapters, which are usually in series, break the tube from the stems and feed it into the threshing device of the combine. In the trampled, decayed state, the stalk of maize remaining in the field is generally not harvested, but crushed, spread and plowed with stalk crushers. However, the disadvantage of this is that the large stalk mass cannot be properly plowed even after chopping, and the cultivation of the surface stalks and the production of a good quality seedbed require additional tillage (dialing). Thus, the maize stalk is lost for further utilization (litter, feed, fuel).

At the same time, in search of an economical mass feed for cattle, the utilization of agricultural by-products, including corn stalks for feed purposes, came to the fore. On the other hand, as a result of the explosive rise in the price of energy sources, above all fuel oil, there is intense effort to burn relatively high energy combustible agricultural by-products, for example. also for the heat recovery of corn stalks.

In view of the above, there is a growing need for a simple mechanical solution for harvesting corn stems.

An alternative to harvesting the corn stalk is to harvest, chop, or cut the stalk left in the field in a second pass after harvesting the corncob in a grain harvester. baled. However, this only allows the harvesting of corn stalks at high losses and of poor quality. The wheels of the combine combine to trap about 40-50% of the stem stock so that it cannot be harvested the next time. Because of the high level of soil contamination, fodder mites cannot be made from degraded, trampled stems.

Corn harvesting machines are known which are capable of simultaneously harvesting the grain and the stem separately. However, these target machines are expensive and their spread is also limited by the fact that during the autumn peak, operators are not usually able to provide the transportation and manpower needed to harvest the sacred stem at the same time.

This problem is eliminated by the known proposals to render the corn stalk at the same time as the pipe break. For example, Italian render-pipe-breakers known as Gazziero and Laverda. The common advantage of these solutions is that with the loading of the crop, the entire straw mass can be harvested in the field, which can be collected in a second session without peak use of the means of transport.

A common feature of the latter solutions is that they include two stand-alone adapters mounted together, namely a pipe breaker and a stalk-chopper adapter.

However, this construction has drawbacks with known render-pipe-breakers. Since the two adapters are functionally sequential, the throughput of the device is necessarily determined by the second, i.e. the stalk-render-loading adapter. Further, the stalk cutting device located underneath the pipe breaker significantly reduces the space for positioning the screws in the stubble and swath unit, which in turn limits the screw diameter. Therefore, such combined render-pipe-breakers are capable of satisfactorily re-arranging up to 4 to 6 lines of maize.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above shortcomings.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for performing in a coordinated manner the operation and performance of cutting and rearranging the corn stalk, and for breaking the pipe, and thereby increasing throughput relative to known solutions.

In order to solve this problem, we started with an adapter for cutting, tidying and breaking corn stalks, which has a known stalk deflector, a pair of head-turning chopper rollers with a rotating row and a cutting unit arranged above it, and a cutting device. This was further developed in accordance with the present invention in that the cutting device comprises at least one driven rotating blade per row, wherein the rotating blades are disposed below the tops of the pairs of crushers or in the forward direction in the forward direction; . equipped with rotary knives, a stalk catcher and a unit for conveying the cut corn plants to the crushers.

By the above measures, in particular by positioning the rotary knife cutting device forward, the space under the pairs of breaker rollers is freed up, thus increasing the size of the conveyor screws of the stalk feeder and tedder unit, thereby increasing the throughput. The rotary knives cooperate with the stalk trapping and transfer units, which hold the corn stalk for cutting and then transfer it to the crusher for a pipe break.

The stem gripping and conveying unit can be formed e.g. as a pair of opposing sleeves with two front sprockets, each with a rotary knife, mounted on pivotally mounted shafts. Preferably, the shafts are driven by a pair of piping finger chains. Alternatively, the stem gripping and transfer unit is configured as a pair of face-to-face discs.

A preferred embodiment is that the stem loading and tedding unit has a right and left auger conveyor screw which is arranged transversely to the travel direction. The free ends of the cantilever conveyor screws are spaced. This effectively increases the throughput. However, instead of a pair of augers, a single auger may be used for this purpose, the outlet end of which extends at least over the tramline of the combine. The stem loading and tedding unit can be used for example. For 3-4 row adapters, it can also be made up of two baffles, which are inclined towards the swath bar.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing. In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side view of a first exemplary embodiment of an adapter according to the invention;

1 / a. Figure 3 is a side view of another exemplary embodiment of the adapter of the present invention;

184,307

2 and 2 / a. 1 and 2. 1 / a. FIG.

The adapter shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has a known stalk deflector 1, a series of opposing tine rollers 6 with a series of vertices 4, a pair of tubular conveyor finger strings 5 arranged above it, and a stalk carrier and tedder unit located below the tine roller pairs.

According to the invention, the cutting device consists of at least one (in this case two) driven rotating knives 3 per row, which are arranged here in front of the ends 4 of the pairs of crushers. The direction of travel is indicated by an arrow. In each row, two rotary knife grippers 3 and a unit for conveying the cut corn plants are associated with a pair of crushers 6, which in this case is a pair of opposing fingers. Its two front sprockets, each with a rotary knife 3, are pivotally mounted on shafts, and their rear sprockets are in pivot engagement with the tube transferring finger pair 5. For this purpose, the front sprockets of the pair of finger springs 5 and the rear sprockets of the pair of sprockets 2 are fixed on common axes.

In this case, the stem-loading and tying unit comprises a pair of screws 7 having a right and left-handed pitch conveyor, perpendicular to the direction of travel, whereby a system wide gap is left between the free ends of the augers to eliminate the risk of clogging. (This is indicated by the dashed line in Figure 2.) The conveyor screws of the pair of screws 7 are known to have a trough 8 which is open at the back.

Behind the pair of piping conveyor belts 5 is a known tubular auger 10 and applicator unit 11. The drive unit of the adapter is designated by reference numeral 9. The pairs of breaker rollers 6 are provided with known guard knives 13 to prevent the torsion from rolling.

In operation, the above adapter, mounted on a combine or maize harvesting machine (not shown), advances in the direction of the arrow in the direction of the arrow. The stalk guides 1 direct the maize plants to the pairs of stalk grippers and conveyor chains 2. The knives 3 cut the stems once they have been caught by the chain pairs 2. The pairs of chains then transfer the cut corn plants to the pairs of rollers 6. The pairs of breaker rollers 6 pull them down between them while the tubes are detached from the shaft. The broken pipes are conveyed by the pair of finger chains 5 through the worm 10 to the threshing device (not shown) of the combine. The stems crossed in pairs of rollers 6 are inserted into the center by a pair of screws 7 and placed on the stubble. The stubble, which has not been trampled in this lane and acts as a Jehovah comb, also helps with the laying.

For the sake of simplicity, the baffle plates 14 which can be used as a stalk carrier and a swather unit are also shown in Figure 1. In this case, of course, the pair of screws 7 is missed. The baffles 14 are to be arranged inclined in the direction of the swath strip.

1 / a. and 2 / a. 1 to 2 are substantially the same as those of Figures 1 and 2. The only difference is that here the rotating blades 3 are arranged just below the tops 4 of the pairs of crushers 6, and there is a pair of tabs 15 per row which serve as a gripping and conveying unit. The discs of the pair of discs 15, each with a rotating knife 3, are mounted on pivotally mounted shafts. In the present case, the front sprockets of the tube conveyor finger pair 5 are also fixed on the shafts, so that the pair of discs 15 are driven by the finger chain pairs 5.

Of course, the rotating blades 3 and / or the pair of pivoting discs 15 and / or the pivoting blades 15, respectively. the pair of chains may also be provided with a separate drive. The pair of screws 7 can also be replaced, for example, by a single screw having a discharge end which extends laterally over the tramline of the combine.

Experiments with the illustrated exemplary embodiments of the adapter of the present invention have demonstrated that a well-coordinated complex adapter has been developed which is well and efficiently used even in 7-8 series designs. With the proposed layout of the cutting unit, the stubble height can be selected to any value, e.g. leaving a lower stubble will increase crop yields and harvests and provide more favorable conditions for tillage. Furthermore, the adapter of the present invention is a simple design, reliable device. Its use can eliminate the cumbersome assembly and adjustment work that is required in the prior art when inserting or mounting under the pipe breaker adapter. from there, the stem-swather adapter is removed.

Claims (6)

Patent claims 1. Adapters for maize stalks for cutting and plucking, for pipe breaking, for harvesters or for corn harvesting machines, each having a pair of stems, one rotating pair of rows with heads, a pair of runners and a pair of runners, characterized in that the cutting device consists of at least one driven rotating blade (3) per row, wherein the rotary blades (3) are below the ends (4) of the pairs of crushing rolls (6) or in the forward direction of the peaks (4). arranged, and one for each row, with the rotating knife or a stalk gripper associated with rotary blades (3) and a unit (2; 15) for transferring the cut corn plants to the breaker rollers. An adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the stem gripping and conveying unit is configured as a pair of rotatable sleeves (2), the two front sprockets of which are pivotally mounted on each of the rotating knives (3), wherein the shafts are preferably in pivotal engagement with the tubular transmission finger pair (5). An adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the stem gripping and conveying unit is configured as a pair of pivotable pivoting pulleys (15), the discs of which are pivotally mounted on a shaft rotatably mounted with a rotary knife (3), 15) preferably have their shafts in the drive coupling with the tubular transmission finger pair (5). 4. An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stem-loading and tedding unit has at least one pair of cantilever conveyor screws (7) with transverse right and left-hand pitch, wherein there is a wide spacing between the free ends of the conveyor screws. 5. An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 6 Embodiment 184 307, characterized in that the stem loading and tedding unit has a single conveyor auger arranged transversely to the driving direction and the delivery end extending laterally at least on the tramline of the combine. 6. An adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stem-loading and tedding unit comprises at least two baffles (14) which are inclined in the direction of the tying band. j 4 pieces of figure Responsible publisher: Zoltán Himer Head of Department Published by Technical Publisher ZÖLDÉRT Printing House - Miskolc