HU181082B - Heat-insulating dry mortar - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dry insulating mortar which is particularly suitable for the production of plaster, masonry mortar, insulating and sound insulating and load bearing molded walls or prefabricated moldings, insulating and sound absorbing coverings, as well as insulating swelling mortars.

Known dry mortar with perlite insulating cement binder. The plaster made of this material can usually be applied in a single layer at a maximum thickness of 2 cm, and the thermal insulation required by the standard can usually only be achieved by applying several successive layers of plaster. Perlite plaster is not an airborne acoustic barrier. A further disadvantage of perlite mortar is that brittle perlite grains break when applied by machine, which greatly reduces the thermal insulation of the plaster.

Also known are dry mortars with a styroporic additive (Radipor, Fixit-therm, etc.), which contain a continuous grain-size expanded styrene bead additive and an inorganic binder (cement and lime). Styrofoam dry mortars provide better thermal and acoustic insulation than perlite mortars, but do not fully satisfy the higher thermal and mechanical requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a dry insulating mortar having a better thermal and acoustic, deformation, antifreeze and, where appropriate, swelling capability than known dry mortars.

The dry insulating mortar of the present invention contains inorganic binder, preferably 180-300 kg of cement and / or lime per cubic meter of mortar, and expanded styrene bead additive. 5 The expanded styrene bead additive has a near single grain or staggered grain size distribution. The dry mortar contains from 0.1% to 1% by weight of the surfactant, preferably from 0.1% to 1% by weight of the binder, preferably from 0% by weight of the binder.

In 0.05-1%.

The invention will now be described in more detail by way of examples and drawings. In the drawing it is

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the texture of a dry mortar of the present invention, and

Figure 2 is a sectional view of a heat-insulating plaster structure.

The dry mortar of the present invention comprises a styrene bead additive, an inorganic binder and additives.

The styrene bead additive is single-grain or i-graded. The maximum mesh size is 2-10 mm depending on the installation method. For external rendering, the mesh size is preferably 0.5 to 2 mm for spraying with a plaster screw screw machine.

The inorganic binder is cement and / or lime. A) The ratio of lime to cement is preferably approx. 0.5. Ser181082

-1181082>. an unobtrusive, detergent content, depending on the purpose, is advantageous from 180 to 300 kg per cubic meter of mortar.

As an additive for the weight of the binder. containing 0.1-1% surfactant, e.g. hydroxyethylcellulose or carboxylmethylcellulose; and from 0.05 to 1% by weight of the binder of a microporous surfactant, e.g. lignin sulfonates or solid soaps are used.

Depending on the application technology, the dry mortar contains up to 1% plasticizer by weight of the binder.

The swellable dry mortar preferably contains up to 0.5% by weight of the gassing agent, based on the weight of the binder.

Depending on the purpose and technology, the dry mortar is antifreeze, cure accelerator or retarder, water repellent, etc. it may also contain an additive.

Depending on the purpose, the dry mortar is a finely divided aggregate of inorganic sand particles, e.g. sludge-free sand, perlite, fly ash, blast furnace slag, lime, limestone flour, preferably up to 30% per cubic meter of mortar.

Thermal insulating dry mortar can be used to make cast walls, thermal and acoustic insulation structures and building blocks using inorganic rock or coarse aggregate with ceramic material (eg, single-grain aggregate).

The thickness of the dry mortar insulation plaster shall be calculated taking into account the relevant standards. For this, the thermal conductivity of the solidified mortar must be known. By choosing the right dry mortar, the thermal conductivity of the plaster can be adjusted according to the requirements, e.g. without sand additive 0.07-0.14 W / mK and with sand additive eg 0.1-0.5 W / mK. The dry mortar, e.g. The plaster with a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.076 W / mK has been found to have a compression strength of 0.12 MPa, a flexural strength of 0.02 MPa, a vapor diffusion coefficient of 4.65 g / mbar and an adhesive strength of 0.12 to 0.15 MPa.

With sandblasting, compressive strengths above 10 MPa can be achieved at the expense of thermal insulation.

The heat insulating dry mortar is preferably prepared as follows:

- The swollen styrene bead is dried to such an extent that the cement to be mixed cannot be hydrated. The minimum amount of surfactant added during drying and about 10 to 20 kg of lime hydrate powder per m ³ can reduce the risk of subsequent separation.

- The cement-lime mixture must be produced by intensive forced mixing at the mixing ratio specified in the recipe.

- The required amount of additives must first be thoroughly mixed and then a mixture of admixtures and 5 to 10% of the binder mixture must be prepared. Finally, the masterbatch and the remaining binder mixture should be homogenized by intensive forced mixing. '

- If an inorganic dried additive (eg sand) is used, the required amount may be mixed together with the binders. ._ ...; .......

- Styrofoam beads should be packaged by volume and mixed in bags (typically 50 liters) per bag. .

Figure 1 shows a schematic outline of the texture of the recommended dry mortar. The gaps in the skeletal structure formed by a single-grain expanded styrene bead 1 are filled by the binder 2 and the air pores 3. ?

Figure 2 is a sectional view of an exemplary heat-insulating plaster structure. The insulating mortar layer 6 is applied to the protected structure 4 with reinforcement 5. The thermal insulating mortar layer 6 is provided with an equalizing mortar layer 7 and is provided with a vapor-permeable coating layer 8.

The leveling mortar layer 7 is a water-repellent mortar for protecting the surface of the thermal insulating mortar layer 6, which adheres well to it and to any superficial coating layer 8 or decorative coating that may be applied and can be made by plastering technology.

The leveling mortar is a 1: 2 <sand: cement <1: 3 weight ratio cement mortar that is free of sludge, sharp, dried sand, high initial strength cement and water repellents (eg, calcium stearate containing 1-3% by weight of cement) and depending on the amount of lime hydrate, short fiber glass or rock wool (0-0.5%), consistency enhancement, antifreeze, etc. contains additives. In the preparation process, the individually weighed materials must be mixed and disassembled and stored in several steps, similar to thermal insulation mortar. Here again, the mixture of water repellent and other additives must first be homogenized, then the masterbatch and the whole mixture must be prepared (mixing per bag is omitted).

The plaster produced from the recommended dry mortar can be applied by hand or machine in a single working phase up to a thickness of 10 to 15 cm, but in practice the requirements of the standard are usually achieved by a layer of 4-5 cm. Plastering is carried out by well-known conventional methods and does not require any special skill. The solidified mortar forms a gap-free monolithic coating that adheres to the plastered surface with excellent adhesion (about twice the adhesion required for a standard facade plaster). The air pores introduced into the plaster not only improve thermal insulation, but also provide deformation and antifreeze and, where appropriate, swelling properties of the plaster. The plaster is easy to install on curved, sectioned or damaged walls, and can even be used to form sections (modernization of old buildings, thermal insulation). The swellable version of the dry mortar is ideally suited as a filler mortar, e.g. windows, joints or structural cracks in old buildings. The proposed dry mortar is therefore advantageously and economically applicable wherever, from a technical or energy-saving point of view, a thermal and acoustic insulation structure is required which, in addition to its properties, is required for easy installation and proper use.

-2181082 (eg mechanical resistance, vapor permeability, water repellency, volumetric stability or specific swelling, corrosion resistance, fire resistance).

Claims (4)

Patent claims: CLAIMS 1. A dry insulating mortar comprising inorganic binder, preferably 180-300 kg of cement and / or lime per cubic meter of mortar, and expanded styrene bead additive, characterized in that the swollen sitrol bead additive has a nearly single particle or step granular, and 0.1 to 1% by weight of the air pore forming agent, preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight of the binder. The dry insulating mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a plasticizer, preferably not more than 1% by weight of the binder. The dry insulating mortar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains a gas-forming substance, preferably not more than 0.5% by weight of the binder. 4. Thermal insulating dry mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it contains an inorganic fine particulate additive, preferably up to 30% by volume of the mortar.