HU180809B - Composition for controlling growth of plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agents for regulating plant growth on the known basis of 2-Chloraethanphosphonsaeure or a mixture of 2-Chloraethanphosphonsaeure and Clorcholinchlorid.Als additional active ingredient they contain salicylic acid, their salts or simple derivatives, such as acetylsalicylic acid.

Description

The present invention relates to an agent for controlling the growth of plants. The agent of the present invention is based on the known 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid or a mixture of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid and chlorocholine chloride; In addition to these known starting materials, the composition of the present invention further comprises salicylic acid, a salt thereof or a simple derivative thereof, such as acetylsalicylic acid.

The present invention is an agent for controlling the growth and metabolism of plants in horticulture and agriculture.

It is known that synthetic substances regulating plant growth and developmental processes, such as chlorocholine chloride, 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid, succinic acid dimethylhydrazide, maleic hydrazide, diphenylurea, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl tributylphosphine chloride, decenyl succinic acid and other similar agents can exert a targeted influence on the development and metabolism of plant organisms.

It is also known that such artificial regulators attack a variety of receptors in the plant organism and can cause a variety of reactions by interacting with natural plant hormones, depending on the plant species, the state of development of the plant at the time of application, drug concentration and formulation. . As a result, such agents are highly versatile. For example, in addition to inducing general morphological changes, longitudinal and thickness growth of the plant, germination of seeds, formation of vegetative storage organs, rooting of dug180809 plants, bud formation, flowering, non-determination, and fruit formation may also be affected. With the use of growth regulators, parthenocarpic effects as well as directed leaf and fruit loss can be achieved.

The use of such growth regulators is also of great importance in controlling the plant's nutrient and water uptake, uptake of uptake, plant respiration, production, and resistance to various biotic and abiotic agents. In addition to natural agents, such artificial regulators are increasingly used to accelerate the growth of cell cultures and facilitate differentiation processes. Growth regulators are also used to a considerable extent for treatment aimed at better storage and transport of vegetative organs and parts of plants.

Combinations of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid with various other growth regulators, such as chlorocholine chloride, are known. However, the disadvantage of these known agents is that such combined preparations can only produce certain individual effects and are not generally applicable to crops of very different nature.

The object of the present invention was to provide novel plant growth regulators which are particularly economical in the use of water by using the known 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid or a mixture of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid and chlorochloride as the active ingredient base. plant types allow for maxi-1180809 malis production with minimal water requirement.

According to the present invention, this object is achieved by adding, in addition to the usual carriers and excipients, salicylic acid, its salts or other active substances to the formulations containing 2-chloroethane-phosphonic acid or a mixture of 2-chloro-ethane-phosphonic acid and chloro-choline chloride as an active ingredient. simple derivatives such as acetylsalicylic acid are added.

Depending on the mixing ratio of the combination partners, the dosage and the time of application, the combination compositions of the invention particularly regulate the germination of plants, the development of permanent vegetative organs, the formation of resin, flowering and maturation, non-determination, defoliation and anesthesia. They can be used to regulate plant formation, nutrient uptake, nutrient transport, water balance, induce morphological changes, increase resistance to extreme temperatures, drought, salts and biotic damage, and increase crop yields.

The use of the combined compositions of the invention in cereal production has particular advantages. Here, only a single application of the agent can achieve various target effects at the same time. The retarding effect of the agents of the invention promotes the formation of stable stems, thereby reducing storage losses and facilitating the use of modern harvesting methods. By developing types that conserve water, we can achieve good yields with minimal water consumption. Significant increases in yields can be achieved using the agents of the present invention both in the absence of water and in the use of artificial irrigation. It is also remarkable that the use of the agents according to the invention can also reduce the water content of the harvested crop. This is particularly important for fodder plants, sugar beet and sugar cane, as it significantly reduces transport costs and significantly improves the shelf life of these plants.

The composition and mode of preparation of the combined plant growth control agents of the present invention, as well as their application and activity, are illustrated in more detail by the following examples.

Example 1

In the greenhouse experiments, spring barley of the Galina variety was treated with the active compound mixtures of the invention containing a mixture of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid, chlorcholine chloride and salicylic acid; the agents were applied in various amounts by immersion treatment in the bivalve state of the plant. Four weeks after the start of germination, the longitudinal development of the plant was evaluated by measuring the length of the stem between the first and second leaves. The results of the measurements compared with the same measurements with untreated control plants are summarized in Table I below.

The active ingredient components used in this experiment and in the following tables are represented by the following symbols:

A = 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid

B = chloro-choline

C, salicylic

D = acetylsalicylic acid

Table I

Controlling the longitudinal growth of spring barley with agents of the invention

Concentration mg / 100 ml Length of plant relative to control THE B c 2: 1: 1 1: 3: 1 3: 1: 1 50 88 93 100 93 86 82 100 85 91 99 90 84 79 200 82 89 99 86 80 75 400 79 86 98 81 78 70 800 76 83 91 74 74 65

If effective doses of 25% compaction of control plants are determined and the effect of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid in this direction is taken to be 100, then the 3: 1: 1 mixing ratio according to the invention with a mixture of active ingredients in a ratio of only 22% of the required dose of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid is required to achieve the same effect as described in the following section II. The data in Table 1A show:

II. spreadsheet

ED ₂₅ value (25% compression relative to control plants) of spring barley using the active compound combination according to the invention

Active Ingredients ED _2S mg / 100 mL Concentration in mg / 100 ml relative to active ingredient A. THE 900 100 B 5000 555 C 2500 278 A + B + C 2: 1: 1 850 94 1: 3: 1 850 94 3: 1: 1 200 22

If the combination effect of a 3: 1: 1 mixing agent is tested according to Colby, then as shown in Section III below. From the data of Table 1 - a definite synergistic effect can be determined.

_{E =} * 1 71'21 ¹ 10,000

III. spreadsheet

Combination effect of the agent of the invention

yi 2i Concentration Length in% of control plants A + B + C mg / 100 ml ^X 1 yj 21 E, Er, E. Er, 3: 1: 1 100 87 98 100 85 79 + 6 200 84 98 100 82 75 + 7 400 81 97 99 78 70 + 8 800 78 95 99 73 65 + 8

Ej = the theoretical effect of combinations E _{R |} = the actual effect of the combination

Xi = the effect of A, y, = the effect of B

Zi = effect of "C"

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In the same experiment, we also evaluated the effect of the individual compounds or combinations of active ingredients on the green mass yield. The values thus obtained are shown in Table IV below. tabulated; it is clear from the data in the table that, despite the significant compaction effect of the active compound combination according to the invention, the composition does not negatively influence the formation of green mass and even has a definite positive effect.

ARC. spreadsheet

Influence of green mass formation by agents of the invention

Active substances Concentration mg / 100 ml Green mass yield as% of control control 100 THE 100 103 B 100 94 C 100 102 A + B + C 2: 1: 1 100 112 1: 2: 1 100 103 1: 3: 1 100 124 3: 1: 1 100 106

Example 2

To test the yield-enhancing effect of the combination agents of the present invention, a mixture of active ingredients containing 70% 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid, 20% chlorocholine chloride and 10% salicylic acid was used in field trials with winter barley "Vogelsanger Gold", " Mironowskaja with 808 'winter wheat and' Dankowskie Zlote 'winter rye. The size of each parcel was 16.5 m ² ; the active compounds were applied as a 50% emulsion concentrate in 300 liters of water per hectare; the spraying was carried out with a suitable spraying device in the "Feekes 7" state of development of the crop.

The results obtained are summarized in Table V below; the results show a clear yield enhancing effect of the active compound combination according to the invention.

Table V.

Effect on yield with the agent of the invention

(a) barley for autumn

agent Serving kg Yield dt / ha AS / ha First Second Third 4th 5th untreated 65.9 47.5 63.7 71.5 54.3 control 1.5 66.2 59.1 73.9 76.6 61.4 70% A + 20% B + 2.0 68.4 59.6 74.0 73.3 64.6 + 10% C 2.5 69.1 58.5 74.8 72.7 62.9

(b) for winter wheat

agent Serving kg Yield dt / ha AS / ha First Second Third 4th untreated 44.2 45.9 42.5 44.2 control 1.5 49.8 47.8 53.3 50.3 70% A + 20% B + 2.0 48.7 53.0 53.4 51.7 + 10% C 2.5 47.3 61.2 54.4 54.3

(c) autumn rye

agent Servings, kg Yield dt / ha AD / ha untreated 33.1 control 1.5 46.1 70% A + 20% B + 2.0 45.3 10% C 2.5 46.5

Example 3

In a pot experiment, we examined crop yield influencing and water utilization, as well as some criteria for 15 water households in spring barley of the "Trumpf" variety. A combination of active ingredients (according to the invention) containing + 10 ² mol / L acetylsalicylic acid and · 10 ³ mol / L 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid was used;

8 ml of the above preparation were used per dish, in the state of development of the main shoot in five leaves. The entire crop was harvested in the "Feekes 10" developmental state.

The results obtained are shown in the following VI. tabulated; From the data in the table it can be seen that the transpiration coefficient of the plant (water consumption without evaporation, from the time of application to harvesting, in ml per 1 g of dry mass) is reduced compared to the control plants, without negatively affecting the yield . This fact is likely to lead to a reduction in the relative water discharge (WA) of the plant. The WA value can be calculated from the following equation:

a —b

WA = —— where:

c-b a = leaf mass measured after 12 hours drying (12,5 at air aspiration) b = dry weight (TM) c = fresh weight (FM)

If this decrease in relative water discharge is also demonstrated by taking stock leaf water content (RWC) values into account; these values increase in stress conditions relative to the control.

VI. spreadsheet

Effect of the agents of the invention on water utilization and water household of "Trumpf" spring barley _____________________________________________________

agent TM yield g / dish Water consumption g / dish Transpiration coefficient WA W RWC untreated control 13.0 3100 240 70 78 A + D 12.5 2370 210 46 84

Example 4

In a further series of experiments, we investigated the yield-enhancing effect of the agents of the invention in artificial irrigation culture, in an open field experiment on "Trumpf" spring barley. Composition and amount of application: 2.2 kg acetylsalicylic acid per hectare,

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0.37 kg of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid and 1 kg of chlorocholine chloride. The size of the plots was 15 m ² . 6 replicate experiments were performed. The product was applied in 500 liters of water per hectare and applied to barley plants at 7-8 "Feekes" developmental stage. The results obtained are shown in Table VII below. tabulated; these results show that both 60 and 60 mm additional irrigation and suboptimal soil moisture, and without supplemental irrigation, increase seed and straw yields with the above agent.

VII. Influence of the yield of spring barley "Trumpf" with the agent according to the invention on supplemental irrigation

agent Yield, non-irrigated dt / ha irrigated Straw yield, non-irrigated dt / ha irrigated untreated control 46.3 48.4 39.2 41.5 A + B + D 49.6 53.8 46.2 46.2

Example 5

In a pot experiment, we investigated the effect on yield of "Mona" sugar beet, the water utilization of the plant, and certain criteria of water balance when treated with the agent of the invention. The active compound mixture according to the invention used consisted of 3 10 ² M acetylsalicylic acid and 5-10 ³ M 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid; an amount of 8 ml of this agent per pot was used in the state of development of the plant after the development of 6 leaves. The plants were harvested and the results evaluated 11 weeks after seeding. The usual results are shown in Table VIII below. are summarized in Table.

VIII. spreadsheet

Effect of the present invention on water use and water balance in sugar beet

agent Beet yield g / dish Water consumption in ml / container Transpiration coefficient Water content of the crop,% untreated 6.1 1660 275 85 control A + D 6.4 1240 235 81

A patent claim

Claims (1)

A patent claim An agent for controlling the growth of plants comprising 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid or a mixture of 2-chloroethane phosphonic acid and chlorocholine chloride, characterized in that in addition to the usual excipients and excipients salicylic acid, a salt or a simple derivative thereof , preferably containing acetylsalicylic acid.