HRP930999A2 - Method and electronic apparatus for drying out walls - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an electronic apparatus for drying out walls are described. The apparatus comprises an LC oscillating circuit, in which natural oscillations are excited by square-wave pulses of a pulse train signal. The pulse repetition frequency of the excitation signal is lower than the natural frequency of the resonator. After each oscillation excitation by the pulse train signal, the resonator performs a damped oscillation, the amplitude of which drops during the course of half a period of the pulse train signal to a value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude of the oscillation, the resonator emitting in time with the pulse train signal successive electromagnetic wave trains of an amplitude decreasing in a manner corresponding to the oscillation variation of the resonator.

Description

The invention relates to the process of removing moisture from the wall, during which the wall is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, which is carried out using an electromagnetic resonator, where the radiation is emitted by a repulsive device. We excite the resonator for the production of electromagnetic radiation with periodic electrical pulses with a pulse repetition frequency, with the repetition being lower than the frequency of the resonator's own oscillation into electromagnetic self-oscillations (blinks).

The invention further relates to an electronic device for removing moisture from a wall with an electromagnetic resonator, in particular with an L-C oscillating circuit with pulse generator connections connected to the resonator, which emits periodic pulses with steep pulse sides and a frequency of order to excite the resonator's own oscillations. pulse that is smaller than the frequency of the resonator's own oscillation, and with a device for transmitting electromagnetic waves by means of radiation, and these waves are generated by the oscillation of the resonator.

The field of application of the invention is the removal of moisture from the wall, from which moisture comes out especially from rising moisture, which occurs, for example, due to the capillary, osmotic and other electrokinetic effects of underground water, water that is retained or water that breaks through, that penetrates the wall and according to him it ascends.

It is known that electric or electromagnetic fields have an effect on moisture that rises on walls, and that they can be usefully used to remove moisture from walls.

So-called electro-osmotic procedures work in efforts to prevent moisture with the help of electric fields. During these procedures, the electric field is established using electrodes that are inserted into the wall and into the ground. In order to correctly determine the position and attach the electrodes, in addition to other things, larger construction works on the wall are required. The next disadvantage of known osmotic procedures is that the electrodes oxidize or corrode over time, and therefore have only a limited period of use.

Unexpectedly, it turned out that moisture can be removed from the wall even without electrodes inserted into the wall, by acting on the damp wall with electromagnetic radiation. An electronic device of the type mentioned in the introduction, operating according to this principle, is known from the Austrian patent application 2398/86. The known apparatus contains an L-C oscillating circuit which is activated with the connection of the pulse generator into resonant oscillations. The frequency of its own oscillation, that is, the resonant frequency of the oscillating circuit, is a multiple of the frequency of the impulse sequence of the impulse provider. The pulse sequence frequency of the pulse generator is adapted to the fluctuation frequency of the electromagnetic earth field and amounts to 7 to 15 pulses per second. With special link measures, the resonant oscillation of the oscillating circuit is maintained between each pulse that excites the oscillation for a certain duration with constant power. The antenna which is connected to the oscillating circuit via a collapsible capacitor emits series of electromagnetic waves generated in the oscillating circuit with an essentially unchanged amplitude for each series of waves in time with the pulse that activates the oscillation.

The well-known electronic apparatus requires a proportionately large investment in the production links as regards the frequency to the electromagnetic earth field of the pulse order signal matched to maintain essentially constant amplitude of the resonant oscillation of the oscillating circuit and to limit the time of the oscillating sequences within the period of the excitation pulse signal.

The invention was conceived with the intention of being feasible with simple means and at the same time representing an effective, non-destructive procedure for removing moisture from walls.

To perform this task, the proposal of this invention is to use a resonator to create electromagnetic radiation which, after each activation with a pulse sequence signal, performs a damped oscillation whose amplitude falls to a value less than 10% of the maximum oscillation amplitude for the duration of half the period of the pulse sequence signal.

Unexpectedly, it turned out that particularly good removal of moisture from the wall we are processing is achieved if the resonator is damped so that its oscillation amplitude falls to a value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude within one quarter of the pulse sequence signal period.

A particularly good moisture removal effect is achieved if we use a resonator whose frequency of self-oscillation is in the range of 141 kHz + i- 4 kHz.

The aim of the invention is furthermore to present an electronic apparatus of the aforementioned type for carrying out a procedure which can be made cost-effectively and which will not have a complicated construction in relation to the connections.

To achieve this goal, it is suggested that the resonator is designed so that after each oscillation excitation with a pulse sequence signal, it performs a damped oscillation whose amplitude during the duration of half the period of the pulse sequence signal is reduced to a value less than 10% of the maximum oscillation amplitude.

The resonator is connected to the connections of the pulse generator in such a way that when the steep side of the pulse occurs, it receives an electromagnetic oscillation deflection, which is followed by further periods of oscillation. Due to the damping of the resonator, it almost completely loses resonant oscillation during the half-period of the pulse sequence signal. With the appearance of the next steep side of the pulse sequence signal, the course of oscillation is repeated. The resonator performs damped oscillation sequences in time with the order signal and pulse, causing electromagnetic waves corresponding to the oscillation flow. For the realization of the apparatus made according to the invention, only a small number of cheap electrical or electronic components are needed.

Such as impulse generator connections, such as Schmitt's device or otherwise known simple connections for spring release, which, for example, convert sinusoidal tension into rectangular tension. The signal supplied to the pulse forming unit can be derived, for example, directly from a 50 Hz mains signal, whereby the pulse sequence signal for exciting the oscillation of the resonator has a frequency of about 50 Hz. The resonator is therefore constructed as a simple L-C-parallel oscillating circuit whose quality factor is chosen so as to achieve the required damped behavior of the resonator's oscillation. The resonator can also be constructed as an L-C series oscillating circuit.

Unexpectedly, it turned out that the apparatus made according to the invention has a particularly good moisture removal effect, for drying walls, if the resonator is so damped that its oscillation amplitude in the area of a quarter of the period of the pulse generator signal drops to a value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude.

In a particularly exceptional further embodiment, the pulse generator connections are constructed as pulse shaping connections. The connections for shaping the pulses are connected to the secondary winding of the mains transformer which transforms the alternating voltage signal sent from the electrical network into a 50 Hz rectangular signal which is used in the further process as a pulse order signal for vibrating excitation of the resonator.

The composition of the resonator with the connection of the pulse forming unit is preferentially chosen so that both the rising and falling sides of the pulses of the pulse sequence signal lead to the excitation of the oscillation of the resonator. In this way, each half-period of a rectangular signal is used to create a series of vibrations and thus to emit an electromagnetic series of waves.

The device made according to the invention with connections for dampening positive voltages works particularly efficiently. This damping contains a diode which ensures that the oscillating exciting pulse sequence signal in comparison with ground potential does not take up any positive voltage.

Experiments have shown that we are dealing with particularly effective removal of moisture from the walls if the frequency of the resonator's own oscillation is in the range of 130 to 150 kHz, well between 137 to 145 kHz, and best at 141 kHz. In the next idea of the invention, an optical control pointer is provided for controlling the functioning. In one version, the optical control pointer contains two light diodes connected in parallel between the connections of the pulse generator and the resonator, and oppositely polarized. LEDs provide control of the pulse sequence signal.

To protect the device from dirt and damage, a housing made of synthetic material is provided.

Tuning means may be provided for tuning the desired frequency of the resonator. In the example of an L-C oscillating circuit, an adjustable capacitor or a device that changes the induction of the electromagnetic coil can be used to adjust the frequency.

An antenna can be provided for the radiating emission of electromagnetic waves.

In the priority variant, the resonator itself is used to emit radiation. In the L-C oscillating circuit, an electromagnetic coil is primarily used as an emission device. This further simplifies connections.

In the following, we describe the electronic device according to the invention on the basis of the attached sketches in which it shows

fig.1 of the connections of the apparatus made according to the invention for removing moisture from the walls, partially schematic,

fig.2 signal flow diagram to explain the behavior of the oscillating resonator with respect to the excitation pulses of the pulse generator connections.

The apparatus made according to the invention contains an L-C-parallel oscillating circuit 10, the resonance frequency of which is at 141 kHz. To adjust this resonance frequency, the capacity of the capacitor C of the oscillating circuit 10 is variable. The oscillating circuit 10 is connected behind the connection 12 for forming pulses, which the sinusoidal 50 Hz signal sent by the mains transformer 14 converts into a 50 Hz rectangular signal with a key ratio of 50% and feeds this rectangular signal to the oscillating circuit 10. Between the connection 12 for formation of pulses and oscillating circuit 10, an optical control pointer 16 is inserted with light diodes arranged in parallel in their flow direction and opposite to each other. The control hand 16 serves to control the functioning of the device.

The mains transformer 14 serves both as a signal provider for connections 12 for forming pulses and as a volt source of alternating voltage for supplying the entire apparatus made according to the invention. The resistance R takes care of limiting the current in the apparatus. The operating current is only a few mA. The device requires only a small electrical power, which is related to the advantage of low operating costs.

Diode D is included in the connections so that it suppresses the positive voltage in the device towards the ground potential, so that the rectangular signal given by circuit 12 for forming pulses towards the ground potential does not occupy a positive voltage.

We will explain the functioning of the apparatus made according to the invention on the basis of Fig. 2. Figure 2 shows a well-presented course of the oscillation amplitude of the resonator (diagram A) in comparison with the pulse signal that follows (diagram B), which is normally given by circuit 12 for forming pulses. The frequency of resonator 10 (141 kHz) and the duration of the period of the resonator are not drawn to scale due to a simpler way of drawing.

At the appearance of the positive side F+ of the rectangular pulse signal that follows, the oscillating circuit 10 wakes up to its own oscillation, but that oscillation is so damped that its amplitude A, by this we mean the size of the maximum deflection on a particular period of oscillation, for the duration of a quarter of the period T/ 4 rectangular pulse signal that follows, is almost completely lost. The following oscillating deflection or excitation of the resonator 10 follows upon the appearance of the negative side F which follows and the pulse signal which also follows. Changes in the tension of the series of oscillations following the negative side of F are directed opposite to those of the previous series of oscillations. Oscillation sequences have essentially the same behavior. After the end of the period T of the following rectangular pulse signal, the above-described oscillating operations are repeated with the appearance of the next positive side F+.

The oscillating circuit 10 emits series of waves with the current amplitude according to the diagram and in time of the pulse signal that follows, that is, in each half-period of the pulse signal that follows, one series of waves per environment.

The device according to the invention has a priority housing made of synthetic material that does not absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the resonator, or absorbs it negligibly little. In the case of devices with a metal casing, it should be ensured that the elements emitting radiation, especially the electromagnetic coil L, are not surrounded by the casing. It is not necessary that the pulse signal that follows is a rectangular signal. It is significant that the pulse signal that follows captures the resonant frequency of the resonator as a spectral component, which is an example, among other things, if the pulses have steep sides.

The device according to the invention is deliberately placed near the wall from which it is necessary to remove moisture. The range that was achieved in the experiments with the above-described implementation example, within which we could determine still good removal of moisture, is about 20 m, in which we measured the time-distributed power of the transmitter about 15 uW.

Claims (20)

1. The process of removing moisture from the wall, during which the wall is exposed using an electromagnetic resonator (10) to the electromagnetic radiation produced and emitted by the radiation device, whereby the resonator (10) is excited to create electromagnetic radiation with periodic electrical pulses with the following pulse frequency , smaller than the natural oscillating frequency of the resonator (10) into electromagnetic and self-oscillations, indicated by the fact that for the production of electromagnetic radiation we use the resonator (10), which after each awakening with the pulse signal that follows, performs a damped oscillation, the amplitude of which for the duration of the half-period of the pulse signal, which follows, falls to a value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude (M) of oscillation. 2. The method according to claim 1, indicated by the fact that for the production of electromagnetic radiation we use a resonator (10), which after each excitation with the pulse signal that follows performs a damped oscillation, the amplitude of which drops to value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude (M) of oscillation. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that as the pulse signal, which follows, to excite the vibration of the resonator, we use a rectangular signal with a key ratio of essentially 50%. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, indicated by the fact that the impulse signal, which follows, for vibrating excitation of the resonator, is derived from the mains alternating voltage. 5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact that for the creation of electromagnetic radiation we use a resonator (10), which, both on the rising side (F+) and on the falling side (F) and the following pulse signal, is own oscillations. 6. A procedure based on one of the previous requirements, indicated by the fact that we ensure that the pulse signal that follows and excites the vibration does not take a positive voltage with respect to the ground potential. 7. A method based on one of the previous requirements, indicated by the fact that for the production of electromagnetic radiation we use a resonator, the frequency of which is in the range of 141 kHz + and - 4 kHz. 8. Electronic device for removing moisture from the wall, - with an electromagnetic resonator (10), especially an L-C oscillating circuit, - with connections of the pulse generator (12), which is connected to the resonator (10) and which, in order to excite its own oscillations of the resonator (10), emits periodic pulses with steep sides (F+, F) of the pulse and with the pulse frequency, which follows and which is lower than the frequency of the resonator (10)'s own vibration, and with a device for the radiating emission of electromagnetic waves, which are created on the basis of the vibration of the resonator (10), characterized by the fact that the resonator (10) is based in such a way that after each excitation of the vibration by the pulsed signal, which follows, performs a damped oscillation, the amplitude of which, during the duration of the half-period (T) of the pulse signal that follows, falls to a value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude (M) of the oscillation. 9. An electronic device based on claim 8, indicated by the fact that the resonator (10) is based in such a way that after each oscillating excitation by the pulse signal that follows, it performs a damped oscillation, the amplitude of which for the duration of the quarter period of the pulse signal, which coming up, falls to a value less than 10% of the maximum amplitude (M) of oscillation 10. An electronic device based on claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the connections of the pulse generator (12) are implemented as connections for forming pulses, which convert a sinusoidal signal into a rectangular signal of the appropriate frequency, and with a key ratio of 50%. 11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that the signal input connection (12) for the formation of pulses is connected to the secondary winding as a device for supplying the entire apparatus to the mains transformer (14) and that the signal sent from the mains transformer (14) is converted into a pulse signal, which follows, to excite the oscillating circuit (10). 12. An electronic device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that both the rising and falling sides (F+, F) of the following pulse signal excite the oscillation of the resonator (10). 13. An electronic device based on at least one of claims 8 to 12, characterized by the fact that connections are provided for dampening positive voltages, primarily a diode (D), which ensures that the pulse signal excited by the vibration, which follows, is opposite to the ground potential it does not occupy any positive tensions. 14. Electronic apparatus based on at least one from claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the frequency of the electromagnetic resonator (10) is in the range of 141 kHz +i-4kHz. 15. An electronic device based on at least one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that an optical control pointer (16) is provided for controlling the functioning of the device. 16. Electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that the control pointer (16) contains parallel connected, oppositely polarized light diodes, which are placed between the resonator (10) and the connection (12) of the pulse generator. 17. An electronic device based on at least one of claims 8 to 16, indicated with a housing made of synthetic material. 18. An electronic device based on at least one of claims 8 to 17, characterized in that the frequency of the resonator can be adjusted. 19. An electronic device based on at least one of claims 8 to 18, characterized in that the device for radiating emission of electromagnetic waves with a resonator (10) is a closed antenna. 20. An electronic device based on at least one of claims 8 to 18, characterized by the fact that the resonator (10) itself creates a device for the radiating emission of electromagnetic waves.