HRP20231218T1 - Višestupanjska turbina poželjno za organska postrojenja rankineovog ciklusa orc - Google Patents

Višestupanjska turbina poželjno za organska postrojenja rankineovog ciklusa orc Download PDF

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Publication number
HRP20231218T1
HRP20231218T1 HRP20231218TT HRP20231218T HRP20231218T1 HR P20231218 T1 HRP20231218 T1 HR P20231218T1 HR P20231218T T HRP20231218T T HR P20231218TT HR P20231218 T HRP20231218 T HR P20231218T HR P20231218 T1 HRP20231218 T1 HR P20231218T1
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Croatia
Prior art keywords
turbine
support
shaft
discs
support disc
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HRP20231218TT
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English (en)
Inventor
Roberto Bini
Mario Gaia
Davide Colombo
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Turboden S.p.A.
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Publication of HRP20231218T1 publication Critical patent/HRP20231218T1/hr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F01D5/066—Connecting means for joining rotor-discs or rotor-elements together, e.g. by a central bolt, by clamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/243—Flange connections; Bolting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2210/00—Working fluids
    • F05D2210/40—Flow geometry or direction
    • F05D2210/43—Radial inlet and axial outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/51—Inlet

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (19)

1. Turbina (1) organskog Rankineovog ciklusa ORC, ili Kalina ciklusa ili ciklusa vodene pare, koja sadrži osovinu (2) podržanu od najmanje dva ležaja (5, 6), mnoštvo nizova lopatica rotora (R) i odgovarajućih potpornih diskova (10-50), i mnoštvo nizova statorskih lopatica (S), pri čemu je jedan (10) od navedenih potpornih diskova (10-50), nazvan glavni potporni disk, izravno spojen na osovinu (2) u vanjskom položaju u odnosu na ležajeve (5, 6), i preostali potporni diskovi (20-50) su ograničeni na glavni potporni disk (10), i jedan za drugim uzastopno, ali ne izravno na osovinu (2), pri čemu su barem neki (20-40) od preostalih potpornih diskova ograničeni na glavni potporni disk (10), konzolnim produžavanjem iz istog dijela ležajeva (5, 6) koji nose osovinu (2), tako da nizovi lopatica rotora (R) i nizovi lopatica statora (S) definiraju aksijalne stupnjeve ekspanzije, i težište rotorskog dijela turbine (1) više je pomaknuto prema ležajevima (5, 6) s obzirom na položaj težišta samog glavnog potpornog diska (10), naznačen time što potporni diskovi (20-50), osim glavnog (10), imaju središnji otvor, tj. oni su prstenovi, tako da između svakog prstena i osovine (2) praznina (4) je definirana i proširena prema potrebi za smještaj komponenti statora, kao što su brtve (9,9') i ležajevi (5, 6) i odgovarajuće čahure kućišta ležaja (5’) kao i središnji dio spirale (3).
2. Turbina (1) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačena time što su barem neki (50) od preostalih potpornih diskova ograničeni na glavni potporni disk (10), konzolnim pružanjem u smjeru suprotnom od ležajeva (5, 6) koji podupiru osovinu (2).
3. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-2, naznačena time što su potporni diskovi (10-50) pričvršćeni jedan na drugi i glavni potporni disk (10) je ograničen za osovinu pomoću spojke odabrane od: prirubnice, vijaka ili svornjaka, Hirth nazubljenja (H), konusne spojke, profila s klinovima ili ključem, jedne ili više cilindričnih spojnica, koje se sastavljaju u uvjetima pod tlakom ulja.
4. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-3, naznačena time što su nizovi lopatica rotora (R) najudaljeniji od glavnog potpornog diska (10) na strani ležajeva (5, 6) visokotlačni.
5. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-4, naznačena time što je niz, ili paket, potpornih diskova (10-50) prethodno sastavljen izvan turbine (1) i instaliran je u turbinu odjednom.
6. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-5, koja sadrži dio statora, na primjer spiralu (3), na koju su nizovi lopatica statora (S) ograničeni naizmjenično s nizovima ili lopaticama rotora (R), pri čemu dio statora definira okretno tijelo (31) snabdjeveno stepenastom unutarnjom površinom i svaki niz lopatica statora (S) je pričvršćen za najmanje jednu od navedenih stepenica pomoću prstenova (32-35) i, u ovom slučaju, potporni diskovi (10-50) mogu se također umetnuti u dio statora jedan po jedan.
7. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-6, pri čemu svaki od potpornih diskova sadrži najmanje jedan prirubnički dio (7) koji konzolno strši prema prirubničkom dijelu (7) susjednog potpornog diska za čeonu spojku, i koji sadrži jednu ili više prolaznih rupa (14) koje prolaze kroz navedeni prirubnički dio (7), i ventil za zatvaranje (13) svake rupe (14), ventil za zatvaranje je konfiguriran za: - zatvaranje rupe (14) tijekom rada turbine (1) i time izbjegavanje prolaska radnog fluida, - otvaranje rupe (14) kada se turbina (1) sporo vrti ili je zaustavljena, kako bi se omogućilo ispuštanje radne tekućine koja bi se mogla nakupiti u volumenu (4) uz prirubnice (7), u tekućoj fazi, ili ispuštanje ulja za podmazivanje koje bi moglo iscuriti kroz brtve turbine (1).
8. Turbina (1) prema zahtjevu 7, naznačena time što svaki ventil (13) sadrži: - zaprečni element (15) za začepljenje prolazne rupe (14) dobivene u prirubnici (7) odgovarajućeg potpornog diska (10-50), i - elastični element za pomicanje (16, 137) dizajniran za guranje zaprečnog člana (15) u položaj otvorene rupe (14), i pri čemu je predopterećenje elastičnog člana (16, 137) takvo da je centrifugalna sila primijenjena na zaprečni element (15) kada turbina radi veća od predopterećenja elastičnog člana (16), tako da je rupa (14) još uvijek zatvorena kada turbina (1) radi na nominalnoj brzini, i otvorena kada je turbina (1) zaustavljena ili radi na maloj brzini.
9. Turbina (1) prema zahtjevu 7, naznačena time što svaki ventil (13) sadrži: - sferni zaprečni element (15); - kućište za zaprečni element (15), poželjno paket listova (135) koji definira unutarnju šupljinu, koja je djelomično otvorena prema rupi (14) tako da barem dio zaprečnog elementa (15) može stršati od samog kućišta prema rupi (14); - elastični potporni član (137) za podupiranje kućišta, pri čemu je kućište ograničeno na elastični potporni član (137), na primjer elastomerni list sa svoje strane pričvršćen na potporni disk u blizini rupe (14), i pri čemu nakon savijanja elastičnog člana (137), zaprečni element (15) presreće rupu (14) ili se odmiče od nje tako da potonja ostaje otvorena.
10. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-9, kroz glavni potporni disk (10) dobiva se jedan ili više prolaza (12) za balansiranje tlaka uzvodno i nizvodno od istog glavnog diska (10) i navedene rupe su postavljene na promjeru većem od brtvenog prstena (9'), ako postoji.
11. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-10, naznačena time što je prvi stupanj turbine, u smjeru ekspanzije radnog fluida, centripetalno radijalan ili centrifugalno radijalan.
12. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-11, koja sadrži najmanje tri potporna diska (20-40) uzvodno od glavnog potpornog diska (10) i u slučaju da jedan ili više diskova (50) nizvodno od potonjeg, i odgovarajući stupnjevi ekspanzije radnog fluida.
13. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-12, naznačena time što turbina sadrži spiralu (3) i glava osovine ima promjer kraći od unutarnjeg promjera spirale, tako da se osovina može izvući klizanjem van kroz spiralu (3).
14. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-13, koja sadrži najmanje jednu brtvu (9, 9') definiranu prstenom koji okružuje osovinu (2) i može se premjestiti iz udubljenja dobivenog u spirali (3) ili drugi nepomični element (5'), kako bi se pomaknuo u oslonac o odgovarajuće kružno sjedište dobiveno na kraju osovine i, sjedište je dizajnirano za spajanje na glavni potporni disk (10) ili na jedan od potpornih diskova (10 -50), poželjno glavni potporni disk (10).
15. Turbina (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-14 tipa s dvostrukim protokom, koja sadrži više stupnjeva ekspanzije na obje strane jednog od potpornih diskova (10-50), i pri čemu se radni fluid počinje širiti na takvom potpornom disku kroz radijalni ulaz i aksijalno se skreće u dva toka na suprotnim dijelovima navedenog potpornog diska.
16. Turbina (1) prema zahtjevu 15, naznačena time što se tekućina počinje širiti na glavnom potpornom disku (10) kroz radijalni ulaz i aksijalno se preusmjerava u dva toka, na suprotnim dijelovima navedenog glavnog potpornog diska (10).
17. Turbina (1) prema zahtjevu 15 ili zahtjevu 16, koja sadrži prstenastu šupljinu (P) koja fluidno povezuje izlaz prvog statora (S) uzvodno od potpornog diska gdje se tekućina počinje širiti, s izlazom prvog statora (S) nizvodno od samog potpornog diska.
18. Turbina (1) prema zahtjevu 15 ili zahtjevu 16, naznačena time što je prvi stupanj ekspanzije (R) kroz koji fluid prolazi centripetalnog radijalnog tipa, s rotorom s dvostrukim protokom (10) spojenim na potporni disk.
19. ORC postrojenje Rankineovog ciklusa, ili postrojenje s Kalina ciklusom ili inače postrojenje ciklusa vodene pare, sadrži turbinu (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva 1-18.
HRP20231218TT 2015-04-03 2016-03-21 Višestupanjska turbina poželjno za organska postrojenja rankineovog ciklusa orc HRP20231218T1 (hr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBS20150057 2015-04-03
EP16722697.6A EP3277929B1 (en) 2015-04-03 2016-03-21 Multistage turbine preferably for organic rankine cycle orc plants
PCT/IB2016/051581 WO2016157020A2 (en) 2015-04-03 2016-03-21 Multistage turbine preferably for organic rankine cycle orc plants

Publications (1)

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HRP20231218T1 true HRP20231218T1 (hr) 2024-02-02

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Country Link
US (1) US10526892B2 (hr)
EP (1) EP3277929B1 (hr)
JP (1) JP6657250B2 (hr)
CN (1) CN107429567B (hr)
BR (1) BR112017021062B1 (hr)
CA (1) CA2975968C (hr)
ES (1) ES2959679T3 (hr)
HR (1) HRP20231218T1 (hr)
PL (1) PL3277929T3 (hr)
RU (1) RU2716932C2 (hr)
WO (1) WO2016157020A2 (hr)

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JP6657250B2 (ja) 2020-03-04
EP3277929A2 (en) 2018-02-07
WO2016157020A2 (en) 2016-10-06
BR112017021062A2 (pt) 2018-07-03
WO2016157020A3 (en) 2016-11-24
BR112017021062B1 (pt) 2023-02-23
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CN107429567A (zh) 2017-12-01
JP2018513299A (ja) 2018-05-24
CN107429567B (zh) 2021-03-23
US20180283177A1 (en) 2018-10-04
US10526892B2 (en) 2020-01-07
EP3277929B1 (en) 2023-08-02
RU2017131761A (ru) 2019-05-07
RU2017131761A3 (hr) 2019-10-17
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CA2975968A1 (en) 2016-10-06

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