HRP20230439T1 - Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem s izmjenjivačem topline brtvena petlja - Google Patents

Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem s izmjenjivačem topline brtvena petlja Download PDF

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HRP20230439T1
HRP20230439T1 HRP20230439TT HRP20230439T HRP20230439T1 HR P20230439 T1 HRP20230439 T1 HR P20230439T1 HR P20230439T T HRP20230439T T HR P20230439TT HR P20230439 T HRP20230439 T HR P20230439T HR P20230439 T1 HRP20230439 T1 HR P20230439T1
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Croatia
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wall
chamber
fluidized bed
heat exchange
boiler
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HRP20230439TT
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English (en)
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Pekka Lehtonen
Tero HEINO
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Valmet Technologies Oy
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Publication of HRP20230439T1 publication Critical patent/HRP20230439T1/hr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F22B31/0092—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed with a fluidized heat exchange bed and a fluidized combustion bed separated by a partition, the bed particles circulating around or through that partition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/30—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
    • F23C10/32—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed by controlling the rate of recirculation of particles separated from the flue gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/06—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone the circulating movement being promoted by inducing differing degrees of fluidisation in different parts of the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
    • F23C10/26—Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/102—Control of recirculation rate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1), koji se sastoji od - peći (50), - brtvene petlje (5), i - izmjenjivača topline brtvena petlja (10) smještenog u brtvenoj petlji (5), izmjenjivač topline brtvena petlja (10) sastoji se od - najmanje ulazne komore (100), premosne komoru (200) i prve komore za izmjenu topline (310), - cijevi izmjenjivača topline (810) raspoređene u prvoj komori za izmjenu topline (310), i - trećeg dijela zida (530) koji ograničava ulazni komoru (100) i trećeg dijela zida (530) koji ograničava ulaz čestica (630), kroz koji je konfiguriran ulaz sloja materijala u prvu komoru za izmjenu topline (310), pri čemu - treći dio zida (530) se proteže prema dolje do treće razine visine (hl3), naznačen time da - četvrti dio zida (540) ograničava primarni izlaz čestica (610) od ispod, četvrti dio zida (540) ograničava prvu komoru za izmjenu topline (310) i četvrti dio zida ograničava povratni kanal (15), pri čemu - primarni izlaz čestica (610) je za ispuštanje sloja materijala iz prve komore za izmjenu topline (310), - četvrti dio zida (540) proteže se prema gore do četvrte razine visine (hl4), - treća razina visine (hl3) je na nižoj vertikalnoj razini od četvrte razine visine (hl4), - primarni izlaz čestica (610) ima najmanje prvi dio (611) i drugi dio (612) koji su jedan od drugoga odvojeni pregradnim elementom (401) na način da - prvi dio (611) primarnog izlaza čestica (610) ima prvu visinu (h1) i prvu širinu (w1), pri čemu je - omjer (h1/w1) prve visine (h1) prema prvoj visini (w1) manji od 0.5 ili veći od 2.
2. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem zahtjeva 1, naznačen time da se sastoji od - kanala za uklanjanje pepela (690) u premosnoj komori (200), prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) i/ili ulazne komoru (100); poželjno - kanal za uklanjanje pepela (690) ili kanali je/su smješteni u nižem dijelu komore ili komora (100, 200, 310).
3. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem zahtjeva 1 ili 2, naznačen time da - niža (min(h1,w1)) od prve visine (h1) i prve širine (w1) je od 5 cm do 50 cm.
4. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 3, naznačen time da se - pregradni element (401) sastoji od jedne ili više cijevi za prijenos topline.
5. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 4, naznačen time da - prvi dio zida (510) izmjenjivača topline brtvena petlja (10) odvaja ulaznu komoru (100) od premosne komore (200) i - drugi dio zida (520) izmjenjivača topline brtvena petlja (10) usporedan je s prvim dijelom zida (510) i ograničava premosnu komoru (200) i sekundarni izlaz čestica (620), pri čemu - prvi dio zida (510) se proteže prema dolje do prve razine visine (hl1) i - drugi dio zida (520) se proteže prema gore do druge razine visine (hl2), pri čemu - prva razina visine (hl1) je na nižoj vertikalnoj razini u odnosu na drugu razinu visine (hl2).
6. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 5, naznačen time da - treći dio zida (530) odvaja ulaznu komoru (100) od prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) i - peti dio zida (550) odvaja premosnu komoru (200) od prve komore za izmjenu topline (310), pri čemu - tre ći dio zida (530), četvrti dio zida (540) i peti dio zida (550) su usporedni; poželjno, - treći dio zida (530), četvrti dio zida (540) i peti dio zida (550) su usporedni i pripadaju ravnini (P).
7. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 6, naznačen time da - cijevi izmjenjivača topline (810) smještene su u prvoj komori za izmjenu topline (310) i - izmjenjivač topline brtvena petlja (10) sastoji se od primarnih mlaznica (910) smještenih na dnu prve komore za ulaz topline (310) i konfiguriranih da fluidizirajućim plinom fluidiziraju sloj materijala unutar prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) tako da - protok sloja materijala je povećan na onim mjestima koja su udaljenija od primarnog izlaza čestica (610), pri čemu - protok sloja materijala je ravnomjernije raspoređen na površinama cijevi izmjenjivača topline (810).
8. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem zahtjeva 7, naznačen time da se sastoji od - sekundarnih mlaznica (920) konfiguriranih da fluidizirajućim plinom fluidiziraju sloj materijala u premosnoj komori (200).
9. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 6, naznačen time da se sastoji od - primarnih mlaznica (910) konfiguriranih da fluidizirajućim plinom fluidiziraju sloj materijala unutar prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) i - sekundarnih mlaznica (920) konfiguriranih da fluidizirajućim plinom fluidiziraju sloj materijala u premosnoj komori (200).
10. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem zahtjeva 8 ili 9, naznačen time da se sastoji od - procesora (CPU) konfiguriranog da • kontrolira protok plina kroz primarne mlaznice (910) i • kontrolira protok plina kroz sekundarne mlaznice (920) tako da se protok plina kroz sekundarne mlaznice (920) može kontrolirati neovisno od protoka plina kroz primarne mlaznice (910); poželjno, - procesor (CPU) je konfiguriran da kontrolira omjer protoka zraka kroz primarne mlaznice (910) i sekundarne mlaznice (920).
11. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem zahtjeva 10, naznačen time da se sastoji od - prvog senzora (850) konfiguriranog da osjeti temperaturu pare koja je prenesena kroz cijevi izmjenjivača topline (810) i daje prvi signal (S1) indikativan za temperaturu pare, pri čemu - procesor (CPU) je konfiguriran da kontrolira protok plina kroz primarne mlaznice (910) i protok plina kroz sekundarne mlaznice (920) koristeći signal (S1).
12. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 11, naznačen time da - pod (410) ulazne komore (100) je smješten na razini poda (FL), - pod (420) premosne komore (200) je smješten na razini poda (FL), i - pod (430) prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) je smješten na razini poda (FL).
13. Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem zahtjeva 12, naznačen time da - prvi dio zida (510) izmjenjivača topline brtvena petlja (10) ograničava sekundarni ulaz čestica (640), sloj materijala konfiguriran je da uđe u premosnu komoru (200) koja se koristi kroz taj zid i - sekundarni ulaz čestica (640) proteže se dolje u vertikalnom smjeru do razine poda (FL); I/ILI - primani ulaz čestica (630) proteže se dolje u vertikalnom smjeru do razine poda (FL).
14. Upotreba kotla s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem (1) temeljem bilo kojeg zahtjeva 1 do 13, naznačena time da se sastoji od - ispuštanja fluidizirajućeg plina i sloja materijala iz prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) kroz primarni izlaz čestica (610).
15. Upotreba temeljem zahtjeva 14, naznačena time da se sastoji od - ispuštanja fluidizirajućeg plina i sloja materijala iz prve komore za izmjenu topline (310) kroz primarni izlaz čestica (610) tako da - protok brzine fluidizirajućeg plina u primarnom izlazu čestica (610) je najviše 20 m/s i usmjeren od prve komore za izmjenu topline (310); poželjno, - protok brzine fluidizirajućeg plina u primarnom izlazu čestica (610) je 5 m/s do 10 m/s i usmjeren od prve komore za izmjenu topline (310).
HRP20230439TT 2017-12-19 2018-12-12 Kotao s cirkulirajućim fluidiziranim slojem s izmjenjivačem topline brtvena petlja HRP20230439T1 (hr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20176134A FI129147B (en) 2017-12-19 2017-12-19 Fluidized bed boiler with gas lock heat exchanger
EP18827145.6A EP3728945B1 (en) 2017-12-19 2018-12-12 A circulating fluidized bed boiler with a loopseal heat exchanger
PCT/FI2018/050907 WO2019122509A1 (en) 2017-12-19 2018-12-12 A circulating fluidized bed boiler with a loopseal heat exchanger

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HRP20230439T1 true HRP20230439T1 (hr) 2023-07-21

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US (1) US11603989B2 (hr)
EP (1) EP3728945B1 (hr)
KR (1) KR102605385B1 (hr)
CN (3) CN209876906U (hr)
CA (1) CA3084516A1 (hr)
DK (1) DK3728945T3 (hr)
ES (1) ES2941719T3 (hr)
FI (2) FI129147B (hr)
HR (1) HRP20230439T1 (hr)
PL (1) PL3728945T3 (hr)
PT (1) PT3728945T (hr)
WO (1) WO2019122509A1 (hr)

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FI129147B (en) 2017-12-19 2021-08-13 Valmet Technologies Oy Fluidized bed boiler with gas lock heat exchanger
FI20206175A1 (en) * 2020-11-19 2022-05-20 Valmet Technologies Oy A method for heating a heat transfer medium in a fluidized bed boiler, a fluidized bed boiler and a gas lock heat exchanger
FI20225235A1 (en) 2022-03-16 2023-09-17 Valmet Technologies Oy Fluidized bed boiler and method for operating a circulating fluidized bed boiler

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CA3084516A1 (en) 2019-06-27
CN111492176B (zh) 2022-04-08
FI20176134A1 (en) 2019-06-20
KR20200101356A (ko) 2020-08-27
FI3728945T3 (fi) 2023-03-31
US11603989B2 (en) 2023-03-14
EP3728945B1 (en) 2023-02-08
CN209876906U (zh) 2019-12-31
PL3728945T3 (pl) 2023-06-05
FI129147B (en) 2021-08-13
PT3728945T (pt) 2023-03-31
WO2019122509A1 (en) 2019-06-27
EP3728945A1 (en) 2020-10-28
KR102605385B1 (ko) 2023-11-22
DK3728945T3 (da) 2023-05-08
US20210372610A1 (en) 2021-12-02
ES2941719T3 (es) 2023-05-25
CN212805617U (zh) 2021-03-26

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