Claims (12)
1. Skretnički element koji je izveden kao upravljački uređaj, kao što je uređaj sa skretničkim jezičkom (5), skretničkim srcem ili sličnim, s najmanje jednim gornjim dijelom (1) i jednim donjim dijelom (2), gdje su gornji dio i donji dio u međusobnom doticaju preko barem jedne kontaktne čeone strane (3) i pritom su gornji dio i donji dio povezani međusobno, te time, da u njemu postoji najmanje jedna unutrašnja šupljina (10) formirana između gornjeg dijela (1) i donjeg dijela (2), dok ta šupljina (10) posjeduje najmanje jedan spojni otvor (12) koji je otvoren prema vani, naznačen time, da se šupljina (10) proširuje na način putem grijaće petlje u kontaktnom području između dijelova (1, 2). 1. A switching element that is designed as a control device, such as a device with a switching tongue (5), a switching heart or the like, with at least one upper part (1) and one lower part (2), where the upper part and the lower part in mutual contact via at least one contact face (3) and the upper part and the lower part are connected to each other, and that there is at least one internal cavity (10) formed between the upper part (1) and the lower part (2) , while this cavity (10) has at least one connecting opening (12) which is open to the outside, characterized by the fact that the cavity (10) expands in a way via a heating loop in the contact area between the parts (1, 2).
2. Skretnički element prema patentnom zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da najmanje jedan gornji dio (1) i donji dio (2) imaju međusobnu zapornu vezu preko oblika, materijala ili sile, posebice preferirano pomoću zavarivanja (4). 2. Switching element according to patent claim 1, characterized in that at least one upper part (1) and lower part (2) have a mutual locking connection through shape, material or force, especially preferably by means of welding (4).
3. Skretnički element prema jednom od patentnih zahtjeva 1 ili 2, naznačen time, da je šupljina (10) izvedena jednostruko prostorno ili višestruko prostorno u donjem dijelu (2), u gornjem dijelu (1), ili u oba dva dijela (1, 2).3. Switching element according to one of the patent claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the cavity (10) is made single-spatial or multiple-spatial in the lower part (2), in the upper part (1), or in both two parts (1, 2).
4. Skretnički element prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time, da je šupljina (10) u donjem dijelu (2) izvedena kao izrez otvoren prema gore ili više izreza koji se protežu posebice prednosno kao dugi utor uzduž skretničkog elementa i/ili kao kratki utor ili više kratkih utora poprečno na skretnički element, uz rub ili rubove kojima se priključuje kontaktna čeona strana (3), ili se priključuju kontaktne čeone strane (3).4. Diverter element according to one of the preceding patent claims, indicated by the fact that the cavity (10) in the lower part (2) is designed as a cutout open upwards or several cutouts that extend particularly anteriorly as a long groove along the diverter element and/or as a short groove or several short grooves transverse to the switching element, along the edge or edges to which the contact face (3) is connected, or the contact faces (3) are connected.
5. Skretnički element prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time, da je šupljina (10) oblikovana kao polucijev ili kao kanal na kontaktnoj čeonoj strani (3) jednog od dijelova (1, 2), koji je čeono okrenut prema odgovarajućem preostalom dijelu (1, 2).5. Switching element according to one of the previous patent claims, characterized in that the cavity (10) is shaped as a half-pipe or as a channel on the contact front side (3) of one of the parts (1, 2), which faces the corresponding remaining part (1, 2).
6. Skretnički element prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time, da je šupljina (10) izglodana u dijelu (1, 2) skretničkog elementa (1), s polukružno oblikovanim poprečnim presjekom.6. Switching element according to one of the previous patent claims, characterized in that the cavity (10) is milled in part (1, 2) of the switching element (1), with a semicircular cross-section.
7. Skretnički element prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time, da je sama šupljina (10) izravno provodljiva za fluidni medij za zagrijavanje.7. Switching element according to one of the previous patent claims, characterized in that the cavity (10) itself is directly conductive to the fluid medium for heating.
8. Skretnički element prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva, naznačen time, da je susjedno uz šupljinu (10) umetnuta brtva u kontaktnoj čeonoj strani, gdje je kontaktna čeona strana dodatno izrezana za potrebe brtvljenja, te time, da je brtvljenje šupljine (10) izvedeno na način spojke (4) između dijelova (1, 2) skretničkog elementa (1).8. A switch element according to one of the previous patent claims, indicated by the fact that a seal is inserted adjacent to the cavity (10) in the contact front side, where the contact front side is additionally cut out for sealing purposes, and that the sealing of the cavity (10) performed in the manner of a coupling (4) between parts (1, 2) of the switching element (1).
9. Skretnica, naznačena time, da je izvedena s najmanje jednim skretničkim elementom u skladu s jednim od prethodnih patentnih zahtjeva.9. Turnout, indicated by the fact that it is made with at least one turnout element in accordance with one of the previous patent claims.
10. Skretnica u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 9, naznačena time, da je šupljina (10) ili su šupljine od najmanje dva skretnička elementa, u skladu s jednim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 do 8, povezane zajedno, posebice putem spojnog voda (20) koji se nalazi izvan skretnice.10. Switch in accordance with patent claim 9, characterized in that the cavity (10) or cavities of at least two switching elements, in accordance with one of claims 1 to 8, are connected together, in particular via a connecting line (20) which is located outside the intersection.
11. Postupak proizvodnje skretničkog elementa koji je izveden kao upravljački uređaj, kao što je skretnički uređaj s jezičkom (5), skretničkim srcem ili sličnim, prvenstveno za skretnički element u skladu s jednim od patentnih zahtjeva 1 do 8, s uređajem za zagrijavanje, naznačen time, da obuhvaća najmanje sljedeće proizvodne korake:
- pripremanje najmanje jednog od najmanje jednog barem polugotovog gornjeg i najmanje jednog barem polugotovog donjeg dijela (1, 2) skretničkog elementa s kontaktnim čeonim stranama (3) koje se mogu okrenuti jedna prema drugoj i međusobno se povezati, prvenstveno za pripremu proizvodnje koja se vrši sendvič postupkom,
- proizvodnja šupljine (10) u najmanje jednoj od kontaktnih čeonih strana ili između područja kontaktnih čeonih strana s najmanje jednim spojnim otvorom (12, 13) prema vani, koji odvodi izvan područja kontaktnih čeonih strana (3), u svrhu toga da se šupljina (10) integrira u sustav zagrijavanja ili da se sustavu zagrijavanja omogući pristup u skretnički element, pri čemu se sama šupljina sastoji barem od spojnog otvora.11. The method of production of a switching element which is designed as a control device, such as a switching device with a tongue (5), a switching heart or the like, primarily for a switching element in accordance with one of patent claims 1 to 8, with a heating device, indicated thereby including at least the following production steps:
- preparation of at least one of at least one at least semi-finished upper and at least one at least semi-finished lower part (1, 2) of the switching element with contact front sides (3) that can be turned towards each other and connected to each other, primarily for the preparation of the production that is carried out sandwich method,
- the production of a cavity (10) in at least one of the contact front faces or between the areas of the contact faces with at least one connecting opening (12, 13) to the outside, which leads outside the area of the contact faces (3), in order that the cavity ( 10) integrates into the heating system or to allow the heating system access to the diverter element, whereby the cavity itself consists of at least a connecting opening.
12. Postupak proizvodnje u skladu s patentnim zahtjevom 11, naznačen time, da šupljina (10) i spojni otvor (12, 13) nisu proizvedeni prostorno identično i time, da su šupljina (10) i spojni otvor (12, 13) proizvedeni samo u jednom koraku jednofaznog proizvodnog postupka, prvenstveno pomoću mašinske obrade, na površini od najmanje jednog od dijelova.12. The production process in accordance with patent claim 11, characterized in that the cavity (10) and the connecting opening (12, 13) are not produced spatially identically and in that the cavity (10) and the connecting opening (12, 13) are produced only in one step of a single-phase production process, primarily by means of machining, on the surface of at least one of the parts.